이희연OK*

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1 The Construction and Application of Planning Support System for the Sustainable Urban Development* Hee Yeon Lee** TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS : Abstract The sustainable urban development has emerged as a new paradigm of urban studies in recent years. A review of the literature of land use and transport policies in relation to sustainable development reveals a consensus that the main objectives of sustainable strategy should decrease the numbers and length of journeys, and change the land use pattern towards mixed use and high density. However, there is a lack of empirical research as to what types of policies might influence effectively the reduction in the energy consumption and emission of CO 2. in order to sustain urban development. This paper tries to construct the conceptual structure of the PSS(planning support system), which is designed to the simulation of the probable effects of policies and planning of different kinds in cities, and evaluate the sustainablilty level according to the alternative scenarios. The PSS is composed of three components (input-modeling -output). The core of PSS is integrating land use-transport- environment modeling. The advantages of integrating land use-transport-environment modeling are well known, but there are very few such integrated modeling ProfessorGraduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National University), leehyn@snu.ac.kr 133

2 packages in practice. So this paper tries to apply TRANUS software, which is an integrated land use and transport model. The TRANUS system was calibrated to city of Yongin for the base year. The purpose of the application of TRANUS to Yongin is to examine the operability of TRANUS system in Korea. From the outputs and results of operating the system, TRANUS may be effectively used to evaluate the effects of alternative sustainable urban development policies, since sustainablilty indicators can be extracted from several aspects such as land use consumption, total trips, distance and cost, energy consumption, ratio of public transport split. : sustainable development, planning support system, spatial choice model, integrated land use transportation model, 1960 sustainable development 21 Alberti1996 Archibugi1997Haughton and Hunter1994 Roselend1997Stern et al1992 compact city smart growth Ewing 1997 Katz 2002 Williams et al

3 PSSPlanning Support System Albert and Waddell 2000 Brail and Klosterman 2001 Geertman and Stillwell2003 Batty 1995 Klosterman Collaborative Planning System Geertman GIS GIS TRANUS 1 TRANUS %

4 136

5 UGBurban growth boundary TOD transit-oriented development GIS 137

6 GIS 138

7 GIS GIS GIS systems supportings GIS 1990 GIS GIS urban simulation model GIS Putman 1983 ITLUP Integrated Transportation and Land Use Package DRAM Disaggregated Residential Allocation Model EMPAL Employment Allocation Model GIS METROPILUS 139

8 5 GIS 2005 IRPUD Wegner 1998 UrbanSim Waddell TRANUS TRANUS de la Barra Modelistica TRANUS 2005 TRANUS explanatory descriptive Domencich & McFadden 1975 discrete choice model random utility theory TRANUS de la Barra, Domencich & McFadden

9 joint distribution weibull distribution multinomial logit model TRANUS 3 4 TRANUS TRANUS zone O-D 141

10 3 flow matrix 4 142

11 TRANUS path building TRANUS TRANUS 4 TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS zone 20 TRANUS TRANUS DB SAM 143

12 SAM 15 LQ LQ> % 4 TRANUS floor space land SAM % % % 1 f1 f2 5 e1e2 TRANUS mn a i =min mn +(max mn -min mn ) exp (-d mn n U i ) mn a i i m n min mn m n max mn m n d mn n m U in i n

13 f1 f1 f1 e1 f1 f1 f1 e1 f1 f1 f1 f2 f2 e2 f2 f2 e2 f2 f2 e2 c1 c1 c2 c2 c1 TRANUS ha TRANUS 145

14 7 TRANUS c1 c TRANUS category 4 operators

7 2004 Transfers routes nodes link link types 39 8 9

15 Transfers routes nodes link link types TRANUS TRAN 2 ArcGIS TRANUS 2003 base year TRANUS 147

16 TRANUS IMLOC IMPTRA TRANUS ha77 4ha 9 97ha 0 02% 1 flow 148

TRANUS 2 3 1 150097 2546216 50565 3 09E 05 953 4 78E 06 2 559711 8525919 169949 1 45E 05 3623 3

17 TRANUS E E E E E E E E

18 TRANUS 11 V C TRANUS 150

19 TRANUS TRANUS TAZ TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS GIS 151

20 Id Orig Dest Type Dist LinkCap Dem/ TotVeh ServLev Oper StVeh Energy Cap Name % Level H auto % Level A auto % Level H auto % Level B auto % 2243 Level A auto % Level B auto % Level E auto % Level B auto % Level D auto % Level B auto Id Orig Dest Type Dist LinkCap Dem/ TotVeh ServLev Oper Route Route StVeh Energy Cap Name ID Name % Level A bus 126 yi35l % Level H bus 122 yi32l % 993 Level A bus 122 yi32l % Level B bus 108 yi % Level F bus 108 yi % Level H bus 119 yi2c % Level E bus 119 yi2c % Level A bus 126 yi35l % Level A bus 126 yi35l % Level E bus 119 yi2c

21 3 TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS 153

22 1TRANUS de la Barra BPerez 1982 de la Barra Modelistica 2005 httpwww tranus com tranus_english htm 2 TRANUSSwindon Alberti, M., 1996, Measuring urban sustainability, Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 16, Alberti, M. and Waddell. P., 2000, An integrated urban development and ecological simulation model, Integrated Assessment, 1(3), Archibugi, F., 1997, The Ecological City and the City Effect: Essays on the Urban Planning Requirements for the Sustainable City, Ashgate Publishing Ltd, London. de la Barra, T., 1989, Integrated Land Use and Transport Modelling, Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. de la Barra, T., 2001, Integrated Land Use and Transport Modelling: The TRANUS experience, in Brail, R. and Klosterman, R. (eds.), Planning Support Systems: Integrating Geographic Information Systems, Models, and Visualization Tools, ESRI 154

23 Prsss, Redlands, Batty, M., 1995, Planning support systems and the new logic of computation, Regional Development Dialogue, 16(1), Brail, R. and Klosterman, R.(eds.), 2001, Planning Support Systems: Integrating Geographic Information Systems, Models, and Visualization Tools, ESRI Prsss, Redlands. Domencich, T. and McFadden, D., 1975, Urban Travel Demand: A Behavioural Analysis, North- Holland, Amsterdam. Ewing, R., 1997, Is Los Angels style sprawl desirable? Journal of the American Planning Association, 63(1), Geertman, S. and Stillwell, J.(eds.), 2003, Planning Support Systems in Practice, Springer, Berlin. Geertman, S. 2002, Participatory planning and GIS: a PSS to bridge the gap, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 29(1), Haughton, G. and Hunter, C., 1994, Sustainable Cities, Regional Study Association, London. Hopkins, L.D., 1999, Structure of a planning support systems for urban development, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26, Katz, B., 2002, Smart growth: The Future of the American Metropolis center for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics Case Paper 58. Klosterman, R.E., 1997, Planning support systems, Journal of Planning Education and Research, 17, Klosterman, R.E., 1999, Guest editorial: New perspective on planning support system, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26, Roseland, M., 1997, Dimension of the eco-city, Cities, 14(4), Southworth, F., 1995, A Technical Review of Urban Land Use-Transportation Models as Tools for Evaluating Vehicle Reduction Strategies, Oak Ridge, TN, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Stren, R., White, R., and Whitney, J.(eds.), 1992, Sustainable Cities: Urbanization and the Environment in International Perspective, Westview, Boulder. Waddell, P., 2002, UrbanSim: modeling urban development for land use, transportation and environmental planning, The Journal of the American Planning Association, 68(3), Wegener, M., 1998, Applied models of urban land use, transport and environment; state of the art and future developments, in Lundqvist, L., Mattsson, L. and Kim, T.J. (eds.), Network Infrastructure and the Urban Environment, Springer, Heidelberg, Williams, K., Burton, E., and Jenks, M., 2000, Achieving Sustainable Urban Form, Spom Press, London leehyn@snu.ac.kr Correspondence: Hee Yeon Lee, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul, , Republic of Korea( leehyn@snu.ac.kr, phone: , fax: ) 155

232 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 I. 서 론 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 사회가 다원화될수록 다양성과 복합성의 요소는 증가하게 된다. 도시의 발달은 사회의 다원 화와 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에 현대화된 도시는 경제, 사회, 정치 등이 복합적으로 연 계되어 있어 특

232 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 I. 서 론 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 사회가 다원화될수록 다양성과 복합성의 요소는 증가하게 된다. 도시의 발달은 사회의 다원 화와 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에 현대화된 도시는 경제, 사회, 정치 등이 복합적으로 연 계되어 있어 특 한국도시행정학회 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 2012. 12 : pp.231~251 생활지향형 요소의 근린주거공간 분포특성 연구: 경기도 시 군을 중심으로* Spatial Distribution of Daily Life-Oriented Features in the Neighborhood: Focused on Municipalities of Gyeonggi Province