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1 Journal of Life Science 2015 Vol. 25. No ~714 The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Probiotic-produced Exopolysaccharide Seung Hoon Lee 1, Min-Jeong Kwon 1, Hyung-Taek Kang 1, Chung Wook Chung 1, Byung Oh Kim 2 and Jong-Sik Kim 1 * 1 Departmaent of Biological Sciences, Andong National University, Andong , Korea 2 School of Food Science & Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu , Korea Received March 16, 2015 /Revised June 12, 2015 /Accepted June 15, 2015 ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) DOI : The present study isolated seven different kinds of probiotics from various food sources and identified them with Bacillus sp. and sp. by 16S rdna sequencing. Their supernatants were prepared after a 24 hr culture, and their effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse RAW cells were investigated. Among the treated samples, the culture supernatants of two strains (Bacillus sp. FG-1 and sp. FG-6) significantly decreased NO production in LPS-activated RAW cells. Moreover, they dramatically reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as COX-2, inos, and TNF-α. To examine whether exopolysaccharide (EPS) is responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics, EPS was purified from the culture supernatants of Bacillus sp. FG-1 and sp. FG-6 strains. The EPS treatment produced by FG-1 and FG-6 strains decreased NO production in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-stimulated RAW cells without affecting cell viability, while also reducing pro-inflammatory gene expression. Overall, these results suggest that EPS might be one of the key molecules responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics. Key words : Anti-inflammation, exopolysaccharide, probiotics, RAW cell, 16S rdna - Note - 서 인간의소화기관에는약 100 여종의장내세균이존재하며 일부미생물은장내에유입되는유해균의생장을억제하고 [12] 가수분해효소분비를통해음식물을분해하는등의정장 효과가있음이알려져있다. 하지만숙주의식습관과환경조 건에따라장내미생물분포의균형이붕괴되면유해균의침 입및번식, 그에따른세균성질환과소화불량등생체에다양 한악영향을끼치게된다 [18, 19]. 이러한균형붕괴를예방하 기위해간편하게건강유지에도움이될수있는미생물제제 *Corresponding author *Tel : , Fax : * jsk@anu.ac.kr This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 론 로서프로바이오틱스의개념이등장하게되었다. 프로바이오틱스란 2001년 WHO에서 살아있는미생물로서적정량을섭취하였을때, 숙주에게유익한영향을미치는것 으로정의한이래현재까지사용되고있다. 프로바이오틱스의활성에대한연구에의하면항균활성 [11], 항암효과 [5], 숙주의영양흡수증진 [2], 면역력강화 [1], 활성산소소거 [14] 등다양한생리활성을가지고있는것으로보고되었다. 또한, 프로바이오틱스를구성하는다양한성분에의한생리활성연 구가진행되고있으며, 대표적으로유산균의세포벽을구성하는 polysaccharide moiety 및 muramic acid와배양산물이항암효과를가진다는사실이 in vivo 모델을통해보고되기도하였다 [13, 22]. 미생물을구성하는 3종류의다당체는세포내다당체 (intracellular polysaccharide), 구조다당체 (structural polysaccharide) 그리고세포외다당체 (extracellular polysaccharide) 이다. 이중세포외다당체 (extracellular polysaccharide) 는미생물의대사산물로서 [10] slime, capsular, microcapsular등 3가지의형태로분류되며 exopolysaccharide (EPS) 라고도한다 [20]. EPS는인과무기염류등이다당체와결합한형태를가지며 [4], 다양한환경스트레스로부터미생물을보호하는것이가장주된기능으로알려져있다 [8]. 또한, 최근연구에의하면 EPS 가염증반응의한경로인 MAPK pathway에관여하여 inos, COX-2 등 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현을감소시키는것으로보고되었다 [4]. 대식세포와같은면역세포에서lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 의자극에의해발현되는 inos는 nitric oxide (NO) 를합성하며, 이러한 NO는혈관계, 골격계그리고신경계등에서다양한신호전달및방어물질로알려져있어염증반응정도를측정하는중요한척도로이용되고있다 [3, 6, 15]. 본연구에서는다양한식품원으로부터프로바이오틱스를분리및동정하고, 마우스대식세포인 RAW 세포주에서프로바이오틱스배양액에의한항염증활성을확인하였다. 또한, 유용세균배양액으로부터 EPS를분리및정제하여이들의
2 710 생명과학회지 2015, Vol. 25. No. 6 항염증활성및활성기전을연구하였다. 재료및방법유용세균의분리및동정각미생물은막걸리, 김치및시중에유통되고있는유산균음료를 Bromo Cresol Purple 배지 (Difco, USA) 에배양하여특징적인변색을나타내는 7종을선별하였다. 선별된균주는 Lactobacilli MRS (Difco, USA) 배지에서순수배양한후 MRS 액체배지에서 48시간동안현탁배양하였다. 배양된균주로부터 G-spin kit (intron, Korea) 를이용하여 genomic DNA 를추출하였으며, 8F (F: 5 -AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG- 3 ), 1492R (R: 5 -TACGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3 ) universal primer를사용하여 16S rdna 부분을 polymerase chain reaction을통하여증폭하였다. PCR product는 pgem T-easy vector로 cloning 한후 16S rdna염기서열을분석하였다. 염기서열은 NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) 의 BLAST program을이용하여세균을동정하였다. RAW 세포의배양본연구에사용된세포주는마우스대식세포 RAW 세포주를사용하였고 American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, USA) 에서구입하였다. 세포주의배양은 Dulbecco s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Gibco, USA) 에 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS, Gibco, USA), 1% penicillin 및 streptomycin (WelGene, Korea) 을첨가하여사용하였다. 배양은 37, 5% CO 2 조건의배양기에서실시하였다. Nitric oxide assay 균주배양액및 exopolysaccharide (EPS) 가 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 로활성화된대식세포 RAW 세포주의 nitric oxide (NO) 생성에미치는영향을측정하기위하여 NO assay를수행하였다. 즉, RAW 세포를 96 well plate의각 well에 개의세포를접종한후, 18시간동안배양하였다. 그후 LPS (Sigma, USA) 를 0.2 μg/ml 농도로한시간처리하고, 균주배양액혹은 EPS를처리하여 16시간동안배양하 였다. 생성된 NO의양은 Griess 시약 [1% sulfanilamide, 0.1% naphylethylenendiamine in 2.5% phosphoric acid] 을이용해측정하였다. 세포배양상등액 100 μl와 Griess 시약 100 μl를 1:1로혼합하여 96 well plate에서 15분간반응시키고 Nano- Quant Plate (Tecan Trading AG, Switzerland) 를사용하여 540 nm에서흡광도를측정하였다. 실험결과수치는 4개의독립적인 well에서수행한값을 Microsoft EXCEL program을이용하여분석한후 mean±sd 값과그래프로나타내었다. 세포생존율측정 EPS가마우스대식세포 RAW 세포주의성장에미치는영향을연구하기위해 cell viability assay를수행하였다. 먼저 96 well plate에 개의 RAW 세포를접종한후, 18시간동안배양하였다. 그후 EPS를처리한후 16시간배양하여 MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthi-azol-2-yl)5-(3-carboxy-methoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) 용액 (Promega, USA) 을각 well 당 20 μl씩첨가하여 37, 5% CO 2 배양기에서 4시간동안반응시켰다. 반응이끝난후 Nano- Queant Plate (Tecan Trading AG, Switzerland) 를사용하여 580 nm에서흡광도를측정하였다. 실험결과수치는 4개의독립적인 well에서수행한값을 Microsoft EXCEL program을이용하여분석한후 mean±sd 값과그래프로나타내었다. Reverse transcription-pcr RT-PCR을수행하기위해 RAW 세포로부터 RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen, USA) 을이용하여제조사의매뉴얼에따라수행하여 Total RNA를분리하였다. 분리한 total RNA 2 µg을주형으로 PrimeScript RT-PCR Kit (TaKaRa, Japan) 를이용하여제조사의매뉴얼에따라 cdna를합성하였다. 합성된 cdna를주형으로하여유전자특이적인 oligo primer를이용하여 PCR (polymerase chain reaction) 과정을수행하였다. PCR에사용된 primer는 Table 2와같고, primer는 Bioneer사 (Korea) 에주문제작하였다. PCR은 TaKaRa Ex Taq (TaKaRa, Japan) 을이용하여수행하였다. 균주배양액의분리및배양액으로부터 EPS의분리각균주의배양액은동일한조건을설정하기위해 OD 660 Table 1. List of probiotics isolated from various food sources Food source Genus Species Strains Beverage Beverage Kimchi Bacillus Bacillus Bacillus amyloliquefaciens plantarum licheniformis subtilis paracasei rhamnosus Sakei Bacillus sp. strain FG1 sp. strain FG2 Bacillus sp. strain FG3 Bacillus sp. strain FG4 sp. strain FG5 sp. strain FG6 sp. strain FG7
3 Journal of Life Science 2015, Vol. 25. No 값을 0.6±2.5% 범위에서배양한후 2,000 rpm에서 20분간원심분리후 0.2 μm micro filter (Sartorius Biotech, Germany) 로여과하였다. 배양액으로부터 EPS의분리는선별된균주가 EPS를충분히생산하도록 MRS 액체배지에 1% Lactose와 1% Sucrose를추가첨가하였으며, OD 660 값 0.6으로조정된유산균배양액을 1% 첨가하여 48시간배양하였다. 배양액은 2배 volume의 D.W를이용해 3배희석하고 NaOH를투여하여 volume 대비 0.1 N 농도로조정한뒤 High Speed Tube (NalGene, USA) 에나누어담아 12,000 g, 4 에서 30분간원심분리하여균체를분리하였다. 분리한배양액을수거하여배양액 2배 volume의 95% ethanol을첨가한후 24시간동안 EPS를결정화하였다. EPS가충분히결정화된후 3,000 rpm에서 5분간원심분리하여상층액을제거하고 70% ethanol을이용해세척하였다. 70% ethanol 용액에 0.1N 농도의 HCl을이용하여 ph 7.0으로보정하고다시 3,000 rpm에서 5분간원심분리후상층액을제거하고 5 ml의 70% ethanol 첨가하여 2차세척후탈수및건조하여최종적으로 EPS를분리하였다. 통계처리 NO assay와세포생존율실험은 3회반복실험을실시하였으며, 실험결과는평균 ± 표준편차로나타내었고, 각실험결과의유의성검토는시료가포함되지않은대조구와비교하여 Student s t-test에의해판정하였으며 p값이 0.05 미만일때유의성이있다고판단하였다. 결과및고찰다양한식품원으로부터프로바이오틱스의분리및동정프로바이오틱스는막걸리 4종, 유산균음료 2종, 김치 1종으로부터 Bromo Cresol Purple 및 MRS 배지를이용하여최종적으로 7종의균주를분리하였다. 순수분리된균주는 16S rdna sequencing을통해얻은염기서열을 NCBI BLAST DB 에서검색한결과 96±1% 의상동성을보이는 sp. 4종과 Bacillus sp. 3종으로동정되었다. Table 1에서보는바와같이식품원과동정된균주명을나타내었고, 임의적으로 7균 Fig. 1. Effects of culture supernatants of identified microbes on nitric oxide (NO) production and cell viabilities in mouse RAW cells. RAW cells were plated at cells/well in a 96-well plate and incubated with 100 μl/ ml of culture supernatants of seven microbes for 16 hr. After treatment, NO production was measured by NO assay. Values indicate means±sd (n=4). ***p< 주에대해 strain 명을 FG1 ~FG7 로명명하였다. 균주배양액이 RAW 세포주에서 nitric oxide (NO) 생성에미치는영향 NO는패혈증및감염성질환에서중요한매개인자로서 [16], LPS에의한염증유도시억제능을나타내는균주를선별하는데있어중요한지표물질로이용될수있다. 따라서, 순수분리한균주배양액의항염증활성을측정하기위하여 LPS로염증이유도된 RAW 세포주에각유산균배양액을 100 μl/ml의농도로처린한후, NO 생성에미치는영향을확인하였다. 그결과, Fig. 1에서보는바와같이 7종류의균주중 Bacillus sp. strain FG-1 배양상층액과 sp. strain FG-6의배양상층액에의한 NO 생성량감소가가장두드러지게나타났으며, NO 생성억제율은 LPS 만처리한대조군과비교하여 FG-1과 FG-6처리군에서각각 34.2% 와 38.9% 로가장높은억제율을보여주었다 (Fig. 1). 최근 Kawahara et al. 의보고 [10] 에의하면 LPS로염증이유도된 RAW 세포에서 3종류의다른유산균의배양액의처리에의해 NO 생성이억 Table 2. Sequences of oligonucleotide primers used for RT-PCR Gene name GenBank Acc. No. Sequences COX-2 inos TNF-Alpha GAPDH NM_ NM_ NM_ NM_ F: 5'-CCGTGGTGAATGTATGAGCA-3' R: 5'-CCTCGCTTCTGATCTGTCTT-3' F: 5'-CTGCAGCACTTGGATCAGGAACCTG-3' R: 5'-GGGAGTAGCCTGTGTGCACCTGGAA-3' F: 5'-CGTCAGCCGATTTGCTATCT-3' R: 5'-CGGACTCCGCAAAGTCTAAG-3' F: 5'-GAACGTGAAGCCCATCGAGG-3' R: 5'-CTCCTTGTAGATCTCCTGGA-3'
4 712 생명과학회지 2015, Vol. 25. No. 6 제되었다. 이러한연구결과는균주는다르지만유산균배양액에의해 NO 생성이저해된다는점에서본연구결과와유사하다고판단된다. 균주배양액에의한 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현감소선별된 7종의균주가운데 NO 생성을가장높게억제하는균주 2종 (Bacillus sp. strain FG-1, sp. strain FG-6) 의배양상층액을 100 μl/ml의농도로 LPS로활성화된 RAW 264.7세포주에처리한후, pro-inflammatory 유전자인 COX- 2, inos 그리고 TNF-alpha 유전자의발현변화를확인하였다. 그결과, LPS에의해염증이유도된대조군의경우 pro-inflammatory 유전자들의발현이크게증가한반면균주배양액을함께처리한실험군에서는 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현이현저하게감소됨을확인하였다 (Fig. 2). Pro-inflammatory 유전자인 COX-2, inos 그리고 TNF-alpha등은 MAPK pathway 및 NF-kappa B에의해조절되며 NO 및 PGE2 생성등을포함하는염증반응을매개하는것으로알려져있다 [7, 21]. 따라서, 이러한결과는프로바이오틱스배양상층액에포함된생리활성물질이 NO 생성을억제하고염증반응의신호전달체계에관여하고있음을시사한다. 균주배양액으로부터 exopolysaccharide (EPS) 분리및 EPS에의한항염증활성선별된 2종의균주인 Bacillus sp. strain FG-1과 sp. strain FG-6 배양상층액 100 ml로부터재료및방법에명시한방법에따라 EPS를분리하였다. 분리한 EPS를광학현미경하에서 100배, 400배배율로관찰한결과 Bacillus sp. strain FG-1 균주의 EPS의경우비교적성분이 heterogenous 한형태로구성되어있었으며, sp. strain FG-6 균주의 EPS 는비교적 homogenous 한물질로구성된것으로판단되었다 (Fig. 3). LPS를처리한 RAW 세포주에 EPS를 Fig. 2. Down-regulation of COX-2, inos and TNF-α genes by culture supernatants of FG-1 and FG-6 strains. Mouse macrophage RAW cells were treated with 100 μl/ ml of culture supernatants of FG-1 and FG-6 strains and then total RNA was prepared from treated cells. RT-PCR was performed with COX-2, inos and TNF-α genes specific primers. Fig. 3. Preparation of exopolysaccharide (EPS) from culture supernatant of probiotics. EPS was isolated and purified from culture supernatant of strain FG-1 and FG-6 by ethanol precipitation and pictured under optical microscope. 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5 mg/ml의농도로처리한후, NO 생성저해율및세포생존율을측정하였다. 그결과, 두균주가생산하는 EPS가세포생존율에는큰영향없이농도의존적으로 NO 생성을억제하였다 (Fig. 4). Fig. 4A에서보는바와같이, 두균주가생산한 EPS의처리농도가증가할수록 NO 생성억제효과가증가함을확인하였다. 또한두균주가생산하는 EPS는세포생존율에큰영향을미치지않았으며 (Fig. 4B), 이러한연구결과는균주가생산하는 EPS 및 EPS와결합된형태의생리활성물질이항염증활성을나타내는것임을알수있다. 최근연구에의하면 Bacillus sp. 가분비하는 EPS 성분이 RAW 264.7과같은대식세포의염증반응초기신호전달단계에관여하여과도한염증반응을억제한다는연구결과가보고되었다 [4]. 이는비록균주는다르지만 EPS가항염증활성의유효성분이될수있다는것을시사한다. EPS에의한 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현감소 EPS에의한항염증활성을유전자발현수준에서확인하기위해선별된 EPS 2종을 1 mg/ml의농도로처리한후, pro-inflammatory 유전자인 COX-2, inos그리고 TNF-alpha 유전자의발현변화를확인하였다. 그결과, 두가지 EPS 처리군모두유의적인 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현감소를확인하였으며, 특히 sp. strain FG-6 균주가생성한 EPS를처리한경우 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현이전반적으로크게감소되는것을확인할수있었다 (Fig. 5). 반면, Bacillus sp. strain FG-1 균주가생산한 EPS를처리한경우 COX-2를제외한 inos, TNF-α 유전자의발현이감소됨을확인할수있다. 이러한연구결과는두균주가생산하는 EPS는다른종류이며, 항염증활성기전도조금다를것으로생각된다. 또한, 이러한결과는균주가생성하는 EPS 종류에따라다른경로에의해면역조절기능에관여할수있음을보고 [17] 한것과유사한것으로판단된다.
5 Journal of Life Science 2015, Vol. 25. No A B Fig. 4. Effects of EPS isolated from FG-1 and FG-6 strains on NO production and cell viabilities in mouse RAW264.7 cells. RAW cells were plated at cells/well in a 96-well plate and incubated with 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 mg/ml of EPS from FG-1 and FG-6 strains for 16 hr. After treatment, (A) NO production was measured by NO assay and (B) cell viability was measured using MTS proliferation assay kit. Values indicate means±sd (n=4). **p<0.01 and ***p< 본연구에서는다양한식품원으로부터 7종의프로바이오틱스를분리및동정하고이들의배양액및균주가생산하는 EPS가항염증활성을가지고있음을보여주었다. 프로바이오틱스는균주마다다양한종류의 EPS를생산하고, 이들의구성이나구조에따라다양한생리활성을보여준다. 따라서, 본연구에서분리한 EPS의구성성분과구조를규명하는추가적인연구가필요할것으로생각된다. Fig. 5. Down-regulation of COX-2, inos and TNF-α genes by EPS. Mouse macrophage RAW cells were treated with 1 mg/ml of EPS and total RNA was prepared from EPS treated cells. And then, RT-PCR was performed with COX-2, inos and TNF-α gene specific primers. 감사의글 이논문은 2012학년도안동대학교산학연구비에의하여연구되었으며, 이에감사드립니다. References 1. Chae, O. W., Shin, K. S., Chung, H. K. and Choe, T. B Immuneostimulation effects of mice fed with cell lysate of plantarum isolated from Kimchi. Kor. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 13, Cho, Y. H. and Oh, S. J Casein phosphopeptide (CPP)-producing activity and proteolytic ability by some lactic acid bacteria. Kor. J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 30, Chung, H. T., Pea, H. O., Choi, B. M., Billair, T. R. and Kim, Y. M Nitric oxide as a bioregulator of apoptosis. Biochem. Res. 282, Diao, Y., Xin, Y., Zhou, Y., Li, N., Pan, X., Qi, S., Qi, Z., Xu, Y., Luo, L., Wan, H., Lan, L. and Yin, Z Extracellular polysaccharide from Bacillus sp. strain LBP32 prevents LPS-induced inflammation in RAW macrophages by inhibiting NF-kB and MAPKs activation and ROS production. Int. Immunopharmacol. 18,
6 714 생명과학회지 2015, Vol. 25. No Goldin, B. R. and Gorbach, S. L Effect of acidophilus dietary supplements on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrocholoride-induced intestinal cancer in rats. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 64, Guzik, T. J., Korbut, T. and Adamek-Guzik, T Nitric oxide and superoxide in inflammation and immune regulation. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 54, Hellenbach, E., Vieth, M., Roessner, A., Neumann, M., Malfertheiner, P. and Naumann, M Inhibition of RICK/nuclear facter-kappab and p38 signaling attenuates the inflammatory response in a murine model of Crohn disease. J. Biol. Chem. 280, Kang, H. J., Baick, S. C. and Yu, J. H Studies on the properties of the stirred yogurt manufactured by exopolysaccharide producing lactic acid bacteria. Kor. J. Food Sci. Ani. Resour. 25, Kawahara, M., Nemoto, M., Nakata, T, Kondo, S, Takahashi, H, Kimura, B. and Kuda, T Anti-inflammatory properties of fermented soy milk with Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis S-SU2 in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells and DSS-induced IBD model mice. Int. Immunopharmacol. 26, Kim, H. J. and Lee, S. Y Isolation of exopolysaccharide producing Enterobacter sp. and physicochemical properties of the polysaccharide produced by this strain. Kor. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 16, Kim, S. Y., Kim, J. D., Son, J. S., Lee, S. K., Park, K. J. and Park, M. S Biochemical and molecular identification of antibacterial lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 43, Ko, K. H., Liu, W., Lee, H. H., Yin, J. and Kim, I. C Biological and Functional characteristics of lactic acid bacteria in different kimchi. J. Kor. Soc. Food. Sci. Nutr. 42, Lee, H. S., Park, S. H., Chung, H. K. and Choe, T. B Antitumor effect of cell wall component purified from plantarum. KK. J. Gen. Eng. 5, Lee, H., Yang, S. G., Park, S. N. and Jeon, D. Y Effect of Lactobacilli on reactive oxygen scavenging and immune stimulation. Kor. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 7, Marklund, S. and Marklund, G Involvement of superoxide anion radical in the oxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem. 47, Marzinzig, M., Nussler, A. K., Stadler, J., Marzinzig, E., Barthlen, W., Nussler, N. C., Beger, H. G., Morris, S. M. and Bruckner, U. B Improved methods to measure end products and nitric oxide in biological fluids: Nitrite, Nitrate, and S-Nitrosothiols. Nitric Oxide 2, Nuria, S., Patricia, L., Pablo, G., Javier, M., Esterfania, C., Miguel, G., Ana, S., Celestino, G., Reyes, G. and Patricia, R. M Immune modulating capability of two exopolysaccharide-producing Bifidobacterium strains in a Wistar rat model. Biomed. Res. Int. 2014, Article ID Shahani, K. M. and Avebo, A. D Role of dietary Lactobacilli in gastrointestinal microecology. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 33, Snoeyenbos, G. H Role of native intestinal microflora in protection against pathogens. Proc. Annu. Meet. US Anim. Health Assoc. 1979, Sutherland, I. W Bacterial exopolysaccharides. Adv. Microb. Physiol. 8, Waetzig, G. H., Seegert, D., Rosenstiel, P., Nikolaus, S. and Schreiber, S P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated and linked to TNF-alpha signaling in inflammatory bowel disease. J. Immunol. 168, Yeo, M. H., Kim, D. M., Kim, Y. H., Kim, J. H., Baek, H. and Chung, M. J Antitumor activity of CBT-AK5 purified from casei against sarcoma-180 infected ICR Mice. Kor. J. Dairy Sci. Technol. 26, 초록 : 프로바이오틱스생산 exopolysaccharide 에의한항염증활성이승훈 1 권민정 1 강형택 1 정정욱 1 김병오 2 김종식 1 * ( 1 국립안동대학교생명과학과, 2 경북대학교농업생명과학대학식품공학부 ) 본연구에서는다양한식품원으로부터 7종류의프로바이오틱스를분리하여 16S rdna 염기서열분석을통해동정하였으며, 그결과 Bacillus sp. 와 sp. 로확인되었다. 먼저 LPS로활성화된 RAW 세포주에 7종의균주배양액을처리한후, nitric oxide (NO) 생성을측정하였다. 처리한균주의배양액중 Bacillus sp. FG-1 과 sp. FG-6 균주의배양액처리군에서현저하게 NO 생성이저해되었다. 또한, 이들의처리에의해 COX-2, inos 그리고 TNF-α와같은 pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현이감소되었다. 균주가생산하는여러물질중 exopolysaccharide (EPS) 가항염증활성과관련이있는지를검증하기위하여두균주로부터 EPS를분리하여, 이들이 NO 생성에미치는영향을연구하였다. 그결과, 두균주가생산하는 EPS가 NO 생성을농도의존적으로저해하였고, pro-inflammatory 유전자의발현도현저하게감소시켰다. 이러한연구결과는 EPS가프로바이오틱스가생산하는여러물질중항염증활성의핵심물질중의하나가될수있음을시사한다.
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