, 40 1 2 (2006 6 ) 1) *,....,.... I.,,..,., * (choi1130@snu.ac.kr)
366, 40 1 2,,,... : : / : /.,...,,., / WEEE
367 (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment) ELV(end-of-life vehicle). 20.,.. II.,,,. 1986..,,,,,..,.,.,,., 3..
368, 40 1 2. ( ) (Recycling Center),.,.,,,,,,,,
369.,,,.,,,,.,,,,,..,.,., 2,.,.,,.,,,,.,..,,,.. III.,,..,,,.
370, 40 1 2,.,...,......,..,... 3R(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle).
371 ( ) ( ) / (1) (OECD),,,,,,,,..,. 1 0.5 + 2 0.3 + 3 0.2 + (0~0.05) (2),,,,.
372, 40 1 2... 2. 2. 2..,,,,,,, 8. (3) (inverse manufacturing),,,,.,.,,,,.,.,,,. BMW, 70% 80%. 80%. (1).,.,,,,
373.,.,,,..,,,,.,..,.,,,,,,,,,,.,.,...,..,.,..,.,..
374, 40 1 2. IV., (collection), (reuse), (remanufacturing), (recycling) (disposal). [ 3]. (supplier) (producer), (distributor) (customer)., (material and product recovery) (waste disposal). / (reuse), (remanufacturing) (recycling),. //..,, / //.
375 Process Collection Selection Reuse Collection Selection Repair Customer Collection Selection Remanufacture Collection Selection Repackage Collection Selection Cannibalize Remanufacture/Inventory Collection Selection Disposal/Recycle.,,,. (legislation for product recovery) (take-back obligation)., 1990 (Recycling and Waste Control Act) //
376, 40 1 2 2000. 1998 OECD.. //. //., BMW, IBM, Hewlett Packard, Xerox //., 1994 43%, 60% 1998 46%...,..,.
377.. (1) : (2) :.. (3) // :,,... /. (reuse motivation), / (types of recovered items), (forms of reuse), (involved actors), /.
378, 40 1 2 < 1>. /,,,,,, 3 / (environmental motivation), (economical motivation) (commercial motivation).,.,.. //. (package), (spare parts) (consumer goods).. (packages):,
379 (spare parts):, / (consumer goods):,, (direct reuse), (repair), (recycling), (remanufacturing).,... / (input product complexity) (material reclamation), (component reclamation). (original producer) 3 (third party). 3. 3.
380, 40 1 2,,..,.,,,. Supply Production Distribution Use Repair Disassembly Collection Republishment Reuse Sort/Test Recycling Remanufacturing Disposal Incineration Landfill,, (forward supply chain) (bi-directional supply chain) (collection) (disassembly) /(sort/test) //
381 / (disposal) / (reverse supply chain). (original forward channel), (separate reverse channel) (combination of the forward and the reverse channels)... Sorting Collection Testing Transportation Disassembly Foward Logistics Disposal Recovery (transportation). (, /, ).,., // 25%
382, 40 1 2.. (1) (Collection) (product recovery and disposal), /. (solid waste engineering) (refuse collection) (industrial refuse) (household refuse).,. (municipality) (company).. Curbside collection: Backyard collection: ( ) (sorting). drop-off center buy-back center. (refuse collection system) / (person/truck system) (collection vehicle) (worker)..,. q 1(House to Can).,
383 backyard collection, curbside collection. (,.) q 2(Can to Truck).. q 3(Truck Routing). (vehicle routing problem),. /. q 4(Truck to Reprocessing/Disposal) /.., //.. (2) /(sorting/testing),,...
384, 40 1 2 (3) (disassembly) (subassembly) (part/component). //.. (non-destructive disassembly): (partially destructive disassembly): (completely destructive disassembly): (assembly)..,.. (4) /(product recovery/disposal),,. (cleaning) (repair). (remanufacturing)
385. V. 20,000,,,,,., 81%,.... (%) 1999 11,164,319 456,191 4.1 2000 12,059,851 455,592 3.8 2001 12,914,623 461,621 3.6 2002 13,949,441 462,996 3.3 2003 14,586,795 549,463 3.8 2004 14,934,092 509,308 3.4 2005 15,396,715 528,998 3.4,.,.,
386, 40 1 2 65.8%, 25.3%..,.. ASR(Automobile Shredder Residues),.,,,,,. 75%., 25%. (: % 1500cc ) Steel Fluid 100 67.9 4.9 11.0 2.6 1.5 4.6 2.9 4.6 (kg) / (kg) 100 = (%) (kg) 610 93 74 45 29 40 78 969 (%) 63.0 9.6 7.6 4.6 3.0 4.1 8.0 100 (kg) 610 88.35 0 19 0-16.28 730 (%) 100 95 0 42.22 0-12.7 75.3
387 (: ) 1593 81 680 320 69 2743, 983 21-13 - 1017 2576 102 680 333 69 3760 1500cc < 4>.,,,,, 3 760.,.. (:%) () 0 20~25, 7 15~20, 2~5 20~25 0 35~40 8 15~20 / 5 15~25 door 5 40~45
388, 40 1 2. 2743. 1593.... ( ), ( ).,,, 8.,,.,.. (2003 1/4) 48%, 22.8%, GM 10.1%, 10.1%, 8.5%, () 0.5%. 2003.
389 (+) GX EF 2 146,000 105,000 41,000 148,000 105,000 43,000 148,000 105,000 43,000 158,000 130,000 28,000 120,000 105,000 15,000 128,000 105,000 23,000 112,500 80,000 32,500 112,500 105,000 7,500 29,125 266,000 130,000 136,000 297,000 130,000 167,000 220,000 110,000 110,000 232,000 110,000 122,000 189,500 110,000 79,500 194,500 110,000 84,500 184,500 110,000 74,500 176,500 110,000 66,500 177,400 110,000 67,400 183,400 110,000 73,400 98,080 (1) - 2003 549,463 48% 263,742. 5% 13,187. 29,125. 5% 3 8407. (2) - 549,463 22.3% 122,530 5% 6,126. 98,080, 6 83. (3) - 20%, 15 3629.
390, 40 1 2. 27 32.,...
391,.,.,.,..
392, 40 1 2 Customer DB Others Info Customer / / VI..,,,,,,..
393...,.... (http://www.kama.or.kr) (www.kncpc.re.kr) (2003),, Repair Research News, Automobile Insurance.,,, (2004), 2004 / (2006),,,., (2002),,, 9 2.,,,,, 2002, 116. (2002),, (http://www.goodbuycar.co.kr)
394, 40 1 2 (http://www.nso.go.kr) (2003),,. (http://www.kama.or.kr) Ammons, J.C., Realff, M.J. and Newton, D., Reverse Production System Design and Operation for Carpet Recycling, Working Paper, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 1997. Barros, A.J., Dekker, R. and Scholten, V., A two-level network for recycling sand: a case study, European Journal of Operation Research, Vol. l10, 1998, pp. 199-214. Berger, T. and Debaillie, B., Location of disassembly centers for reuse extending existing distribution networks, Masters thesis, University of Leuven, Belgium, 1997. Carter, Craig R. and Lisa M. Ellram, Reverse Logistics: A Review of the Literature and Framework for Future Investigation, Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 19, No. 1, 1998, pp. 85-102. Council of Logistics Management, 1999 Membership Roster, Oak Brook, IL: Council of Logistics Management, 1999, p. 506. Crainic, T.G., Gendreau, M. abd Dejax, P., Dynamic and stochastic models for the allocation of empty containers, Operation Research, Vol. 41, No. 1, 1993, pp. 102-126. Ferrer, G., Managing the recovery of value from durable products, PhD thesis, INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France, 1997. Flapper, S, D.P., Kip, B.J. Louwers, D., Peters, G. and Souren, F., Locationallocation model for the re-use of carpet materials, Technical report 97-11, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands, 1997. Handfield, Robert B. and Ernest L. Nichols, Jr., Introduction to Supply Chain Management, Prentice-Hall, 1999.
395 Jacqueline M. Bloemhof-Ruwaard, Mortiz-Fleischmann, and Jo A.E.E. van Nuneun, Reviewing Distribution Issues in Reverse Logistics, New Trend in Distribution Logistics, Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1999, pp. 23-44. Jahre, M., Logistics System for Recycling - Efficient Collection of Household Waste, PhD thesis, Chalmers University of Technology, Gὅteborg, Sweden, 1995. Jayaraman, V., Guide, V.D.R. and Srivastava, R., A Closed-loop Logistics Model for Use within a Recoverable Manufacturing Environmental, Working Papers, Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright-Patterson, Ohio, 1997. Kirke, H.R., Recovery Strategies and Reverse Logistics Network Design, PhD thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, 1998. Kroon I. & G. Vrijens, Returnable containers; an example of reverse logistics, International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1995. pp. 56-68 Laan, E. van der, The effects of remanufacturing on inventory control, PhD thesis, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 1997. Lambert, Douglas M. and James R. Stock, Strategic Physical Distributio Management, Homewood, IL: Irwin, 1981, p.9 Murphy, Paul R. and Richard P. Poist, Management of Logistical Retromovements: An Empirical Analysis of Literature Suggestions, Transportation Research Forum, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1989, pp. 177-1784. Pohlen, T.L. and Farris, M. Reverse Logistics in plastic recycling, International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 22, No. 7. 1992, pp. 34-47. Rogers, Dale S. and Ronald S. Tibben-Lembke, Going Backwards: Reverse Logistics Trends and Practices, Pittsburgh, PA: RLEC Press, 1999, p. 2.