The Construction and Application of Planning Support System for the Sustainable Urban Development* Hee Yeon Lee** TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS : Abstract The sustainable urban development has emerged as a new paradigm of urban studies in recent years. A review of the literature of land use and transport policies in relation to sustainable development reveals a consensus that the main objectives of sustainable strategy should decrease the numbers and length of journeys, and change the land use pattern towards mixed use and high density. However, there is a lack of empirical research as to what types of policies might influence effectively the reduction in the energy consumption and emission of CO 2. in order to sustain urban development. This paper tries to construct the conceptual structure of the PSS(planning support system), which is designed to the simulation of the probable effects of policies and planning of different kinds in cities, and evaluate the sustainablilty level according to the alternative scenarios. The PSS is composed of three components (input-modeling -output). The core of PSS is integrating land use-transport- environment modeling. The advantages of integrating land use-transport-environment modeling are well known, but there are very few such integrated modeling ProfessorGraduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National University), leehyn@snu.ac.kr 133
packages in practice. So this paper tries to apply TRANUS software, which is an integrated land use and transport model. The TRANUS system was calibrated to city of Yongin for the base year. The purpose of the application of TRANUS to Yongin is to examine the operability of TRANUS system in Korea. From the outputs and results of operating the system, TRANUS may be effectively used to evaluate the effects of alternative sustainable urban development policies, since sustainablilty indicators can be extracted from several aspects such as land use consumption, total trips, distance and cost, energy consumption, ratio of public transport split. : sustainable development, planning support system, spatial choice model, integrated land use transportation model, 1960 sustainable development 21 Alberti1996 Archibugi1997Haughton and Hunter1994 Roselend1997Stern et al1992 compact city smart growth Ewing 1997 Katz 2002 Williams et al 2000 2000 134
PSSPlanning Support System Albert and Waddell 2000 Brail and Klosterman 2001 Geertman and Stillwell2003 Batty 1995 Klosterman19971999 Collaborative Planning System Geertman2000 2004 20052005 GIS GIS TRANUS 1 TRANUS 2005 5 30 4 78 6% 1980 13 1990 18 8 2000 39 5 2000 2005 69 2007 1 78 20 135
136
1 4 1 2 4 UGBurban growth boundary TOD transit-oriented development 2005 2020 5 3 2 GIS 137
GIS 138
GIS GIS GIS systems supportings GIS 1990 GIS GIS urban simulation model GIS Putman 1983 ITLUP Integrated Transportation and Land Use Package DRAM Disaggregated Residential Allocation Model EMPAL Employment Allocation Model GIS METROPILUS 139
5 GIS 2005 IRPUD Wegner 1998 UrbanSim Waddell 2002 2 TRANUS TRANUS de la Barra Modelistica TRANUS 2005 TRANUS explanatory descriptive Domencich & McFadden 1975 discrete choice model random utility theory TRANUS de la Barra, 19892001Domencich & McFadden 1975 140
joint distribution weibull distribution multinomial logit model TRANUS 3 4 TRANUS TRANUS zone O-D 141
3 flow matrix 4 142
TRANUS path building TRANUS TRANUS 4 TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS zone 20 TRANUS TRANUS DB 2003 2003 SAM 143
SAM 15 LQ LQ>1 61 538 38% 4 TRANUS floor space land SAM 2002 1 2 29% 3 647 6% 7 914 4% 1 f1 f2 5 e1e2 TRANUS mn a i =min mn +(max mn -min mn ) exp (-d mn n U i ) mn a i i m n min mn m n max mn m n d mn n m U in i n 1995 5 6 144
f1 f1 f1 e1 f1 f1 f1 e1 f1 f1 f1 f2 f2 e2 f2 f2 e2 f2 f2 e2 c1 c1 c2 c2 c1 TRANUS ha TRANUS 145
7 TRANUS c1 c2 5 10 8 TRANUS category 4 operators 7 6 146
7 2004 Transfers routes nodes link link types 39 8 9 TRANUS TRAN 2 ArcGIS TRANUS 2003 base year TRANUS 147
TRANUS IMLOC IMPTRA TRANUS 10 140 1ha77 4ha 9 97ha 0 02% 1 flow 148
TRANUS 2 3 1 150097 2546216 50565 3 09E 05 953 4 78E 06 2 559711 8525919 169949 1 45E 05 3623 3 89E 06 3 241524 3729440 72244 6E 05 1472 2 83E 06 4 88189 1251618 24235 1 78E 05 6437 5 03E 06 149
TRANUS 11 V C 11 4 5 TRANUS 150
TRANUS TRANUS TAZ TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS GIS 151
Id Orig Dest Type Dist LinkCap Dem/ TotVeh ServLev Oper StVeh Energy Cap Name 306204-306412 306204 306412 60 0.9 14400 183.10% 26271 Level H auto 26206.9 2377.308 306205-306356 306205 306356 10 3.4 32400 66.90% 21666 Level A auto 21666 8836.201 306208-306211 306208 306211 42 2.1 9900 216.10% 21394 Level H auto 21393.5 4523.539 306208-306272 306208 306272 41 5.5 29700 63.80% 18961 Level B auto 18961.1 12675.35 306208-308823 306208 308823 42 2.2 9900 22.70% 2243 Level A auto 2242.6 586.622 306209-308851 306209 308851 31 1.9 39600 39.10% 15490 Level B auto 15490.2 3546.727 306218-306212 306218 306212 31 0.1 29700 99.50% 29563 Level E auto 29562.6 235.679 306218-306221 306218 306221 31 0.2 29700 65.20% 19367 Level B auto 19367 504.844 306221-306218 306221 306218 31 0.2 29700 99.50% 29563 Level D auto 29562.6 764.411 306221-306228 306221 306228 31 0.3 29700 65.20% 19367 Level B auto 19367 588.04 Id Orig Dest Type Dist LinkCap Dem/ TotVeh ServLev Oper Route Route StVeh Energy Cap Name ID Name 306338-306341 306338 306341 41 0.1 29700 66.70% 19624 Level A bus 126 yi35l 160 1.074 306340-306336 306340 306336 31 0.3 44550 142.60% 62262 Level H bus 122 yi32l 160 6.94 306340-306339 306340 306339 31 0.2 44550 4.20% 993 Level A bus 122 yi32l 160 2.59 306344-306331 306344 306331 42 0.7 61200 68.60% 41579 Level B bus 108 yi1001 160 9.96 306344-306335 306344 306335 31 0.6 38178 78.80% 28586 Level F bus 108 yi1001 160 9.498 306349-306315 306349 306315 31 1.6 29700 148.40% 43405 Level H bus 119 yi2c 160 36.24 306349-306359 306349 306359 31 0.3 29700 109.30% 31801 Level E bus 119 yi2c 160 4.219 306350-306341 306350 306341 41 0.4 29700 59.30% 17416 Level A bus 126 yi35l 160 5.038 306350-306360 306350 306360 41 0.3 29700 66.70% 19624 Level A bus 126 yi35l 160 4.983 306359-306361 306359 306361 31 0.1 29700 109.30% 31801 Level E bus 119 yi2c 160 2.027 152
3 TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS TRANUS 153
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