NRF B
non-decision universalism coverage entitlement selectivism means-test categorization
institutionalism/residualism social cost those who in need Wilensky & Lebeaux Titmuss
J. S. Mill method of difference most similar system design, Przeworski and Teune Heclo welfare coalition production regime Swenson Estevez-Abe et al.
Kangas and Palme power resource theory Esping-Andersen Baldwin cross-class alliance Esping-Andersen case-oriented approach macro causal analysis, Skocpol and Somers controlled comparison
Korpi Stephens have-nots Le Grand and Winter Kangas and Palme Castles and Michell the paradox of redistribution, Korpi and Palme Baldwin
Smith risk sharing Goodin and Dryzeck Leys Dunleavy
social health insurance national health service Baldwin
Baldwin E. Wigforss red-green alliance Baldwin
power resource theory voluntarism Kilpatrick and Lawson Hyman Hall and Soskice http://www.countryreports.org
liberal market economies R. Titmuss TUC TUC contract out Rhen Model
Martin Esping-Andersen LO LO Esping- Andersen national minimum national insurances
Tanzi and Schuknecht
national assistance Esping- Andersen and Korpi Taylor-Gooby Papadakis and Taylor-Gooby encompassing system Korpi and Palme
Esping-Andersen Svallfors dual breadwinner model paid maternity leave national health service Esping-Andersen Blau
Cash In-kind OECD, Social Expenditure Database(SOCX) Esping-Andersen Gornick
Korpi Esping-Andersen policy feedback Pierson Pierson
Korpi Peterson stakeholder coalition stake-challenger coalition
Baldwin, Peter. 1990. Politics of Solidarity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Burau, V. and R. Blank. 2006. Comparing Health Policy: an Assessment of Typologies of Health Systems. Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis 8(1). Castles, F. 1985. The Working Class and Welfare: Reflections on the Political Development of the Welfare State in Australia and New Zealand 1890-1980. Sydney: Allen and Unwin. Derks, A. 2004. Are the Underprivileged Really that Economically Leftist? Attitudes towards Economic Redistribution and the Welfare State in Flanders. European Journal of Political Research 43, 509-521. Dunleavy, P. 1989. The United Kingdom: Paradoxes of Ungrounded Statism. F. Castles (ed.), The Comparative History of Public Policy. Oxford: OUP. Elliot, A. 2003. Is Medicare Universal?, Research note No. 37, 2002?03, Parliamentary Library (Australia). Esping-Andersen, G. 1985. Politics against Market. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Esping-Andersen, G. 1990. Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press. Esping-Andersen, G. 1996. Welfare States in Transition: National Adaptations in Global Economies. London: Sage.
Esping-Andersen. G., Duncan Gallie, Anton Hemerijck and John Myles (eds.). 2002. Why We Need a New Welfare State. Oxford: OUP. Esteves-Abe Margarita, Torben Iversen and David Soskice. 2001. Social Protection and the Formation of Skills. Peter Hall and David Soskice. Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. Goodin R. and Julian Le Grand. 1987. Introduction. Goodin R. and Julian Le Grand. (eds.). Not Only the Poor-The Middle Class and the Welfare State. London: Allen and Unwin. Goodin, R. E. and Dryzeck, J. S. 1987. Risk Sahring and Social Justice: The Motivational Foundation of the Post-war Welfare State. Goodin R. and Julian Le Grand. (eds.) Not Only the Poor. London: Allen and Unwin. Gornick, J. 1999. Gender Equality in the Labor Market, D. Sainsbury (ed.), Gender and Welfare State Regime. Oxford: OUP. Hyman, R. 1985. Class Struggle and the Trade Union Movement. D. Coates, G. Johnson and R. Bush (eds.) The Social Anatomy of Britain. Oxford: Polity Press. Kangas Olli and Joakim Palme. 1992. Class-Politics and Institutional Feedbacks: Development of Occupational Pensions in Finland and Sweden. Swedish Institute for Social Research. Stockholm University. Kilpatrick, A. and T. Lawson. 1980. On the Nature of Industrial Decline in the U.K. Comparative Journal of Economics 4. Korpi, Walter. 1978. The Working Class in Welfare Capitalism. London and Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Korpi, Walter. 1983. The Democratic Class Struggle. London: Routledge. Korpi Walter and Joakim Palme. 1998. The Paradox of Redistribution and Strategies of Equality. American Sociological Review 63(5). Leys, Colin. 1989. Politics in Britain. London: Verso. Martin, Andrew. 1984. Trade Union in Sweden: Strategic Responses to Change and Crisis. Peter Gourevitch et. al. Unions and Economic Crisis. London: George Allen and Unwin. OECD. 2001. Social Expenditure Database(SOCX). Papadakis E. and P. Taylor-Gooby, 1987. The Private Provision of Welfare: State, Market, and Economy. Sussex, UK: Wheatsheaf Books. Peterson. M. 1993. Political Influence in the 1990s: From Iron Triangles to Policy Networks. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 18(2). Pierson, P. 1993. When Effect Becomes Cause: Policy Feedback and Political Change. World Politics 45(4).
Pieson, P. 1996. Dismantling the Welfare State? Reagan, Thatcher, and the Politics of Retrenchment. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. Przeworski, A. and Henry Teune. 1970. The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: Wiley and Sons. Rimlinger, G.( 1991... Skocpol, Theda and Margaret Somers. 1980. Historical Method in Macrosocial Inquiry. Comparative Studies in Society and History 22. Smith, Harold (ed.). 1996. War and Social Change:British Society in the Second World War. Manchester : Manchester University Press. Stephens, John. 1979. The Transition from Capitalism to Socialism. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. Swenson, Peter. 2002. Capitalists against Markets: The Making of Labor Market and Welfare States in the United States and Sweden. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. Tanzi Vito and Ludger Schuknecht. 2000. Public Spending in the 20th Century. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. Taylor-Gooby, P. 1985. Public Opinion, Ideology and State Welfare. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. Titmuss, R. 1974. Social Policy: An Introduction. London: George Allen & Unwin. Whiteford, Peter. 1995. The Use of Replacement Rates in International Comparisons of Benefit Systems. SPRC Discussion Paper No. 54. Social Policy Research Center, University of York, UK. Wilensky, H. & C. Lebeaux. 1965. Industrial Society and Social Welfare. New York: Free Press- Macmillan.
Conditions for the Development of a Universal Welfare State: A Comparative Case Study on Britain and Sweden Focusing on the Question of Welfare Coalition. Yeong-Soon Kim Although a universal welfare state is often regarded the same as an institutional redistributive welfare state, such equation has no solid ground. By comparing British and Swedish cases, this paper explores the conditions for a universal welfare state to evolve into an institutional redistributive welfare state. The two countries experiences show that a universal welfare state requires welfare coalition of the working class and the middle class. For the formation of such welfare coalition, two conditions need to be met: first, the power resources of the working class, and second the benefits and services of welfare programs that satisfy the middle class. Considering the conditions, Korea is under unfavorable circumstances to build a universal welfare state and develop it to an institutional welfare state. In the concluding part, implications of the two countries historical experiences on Korea are discussed. Key words: universal welfare state, welfare coalition, universalism at policy level, universalism at regime level, UK, Sweden.