01-13 200 1. 11. : : : 21 KOREAN BROADCASTING INSTITUTE
. 1. 7 1. 7 1) 7 2) 10 2. 13 1) 13 2) 16 3) 17 4) 20 5) 22 3. 23 1) 23 2) 25 3) 26. 30 1. 31 2. 36 1) 36 2) TV 48
3) 54 4) 61. 65 1. 65 1) 65 2) 67 2. 71 3. 73 1) :, TV 73 2) 78 3) 80 4) 81 5) 82 6) 84 4. 88 1) 88 2) 89 3) 90. 93 1. 94 1) AOL- 94 2) Viacom 95 3) 96 4) News Corp 97 2. News Corp 99 1) PSTV 99 2) 100
3) 101 4) - (win- win) 101 3. 102 1) 103 2) 106 3) 108. 112 1. 112 2. 117 1) (KBS) 119 2) (MBC) 130 3) (SBS) 135 4) 138. 141 1. 141 1) 142 2) 148 2. TV 150 1) TV 150 2) 157. 162 < > 169
< - 1> -, 1999-2004 23 < - 1> 30 < - 2> 31 < -3> (2000 ) 32 < -4> (2000 ) 32 < -5> (2000.1-9) 34 < -6> (2000) 34 < -7> 10 TV (2000) 36 < -8> 37 < -9> 38 < - 10> CCTV 39 < - 11> 48 < - 12> 48 < - 13> TV 49 < - 14> 55 < - 15> 58 < - 16> Apstar 59 < - 17> AsiaSat 60 < - 18> 62 < - 19> 62 < - 20> 62 < - 21> 1994 ~1998 63 < - 22> 1985 ~1999 TV 64
< - 1> 76 < - 2> 77 < -3> 78 < -4> 79 < -5> 81 < -6-1> 86 < -6-2> 87 < -7> 92 < - 1> KBS 121 < - 2> MBC 131 < - 1> 3 (1992 1997) 143 < - 2> 1997 144 < -3> (1998 2000) 146 < -4> (1998 2000) 149
[ - 1] 27 [ - 2] 28 [ - 1] 35 [ - 1] < > 152 [ - 2] < > 154 [ - 3] < > 155 [ - 4] < > 156 [ - 5] <MR. Q> 156
1. 21. 6,000, 6,400 80, 13. 2001 4, 21 1). GM 2) 21. 2001 1/4 8.1%., 2000 4/4 7.3%. 2008 0.3%, 11 10 WTO 1 2%. 2000 1 1,000 10 2010 2 2000. 3) 1),,, <CEO Information> 302, 2001.6.27, p.3. 2), < >,, 2001.9, p.27. 3), p.18..
2. 1998 4,,, 3,000 20 1978 2,000, 4 1 TV, TV 30%. 2002 1,000.,, 4.. 2000 9 590 ( 71 ),. 2005 TV 47% 73. WT O (2001 2002 ). 8,600, 11 (TV 62%, 6%, 5%). TV, 1980 1995 3,000 1999 6,800 2000 TV 9. 10 5 (2001-2005 ) 1 2,000. TV, 10 TV,,, 24. 2010 2000 5 7 70, 45, 23
. 3, 3 1 6 47% 1 5 TV. 18,060, 381.8 572 7,000 51.6%.. TV TV 3 5 50% 369 9,000 554 9,000. TV TV,,,. 3 5 25% 200 7,000 267 5,000. TV 570 6,000 822 3,000., TV TV 570 6,000 822 3,000. 4), 5) 4), TV, < >,, 2001.5.15, pp.37 38. 5)...,, < >,, 2001.9.15, p.37.
4. 20.,, 6 6),, 21. 7).. 21.6% 13 4, GDP,, 15%. 31.. 70%, 9 4...,, 20%.,,,, 6) 20 82% 69% 13%, GDP 19%.,, < > 650, LG, 2001.11.21.. 7) 15 /, < >,, 2001.
. 5,..,... WTO.. 1993 3,. TV,,... 21,.,
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7. 1. 1) 8) (1).,. 1970,..,,.,.,.. (2) 4 4.,, ( ), ( ), ( ). 4 (Four-level media system, FLMS). 8) Hu, Zhengrong, Chinese Contents Industry: Transitions and Issues, An International Symposium for the Recognition Shift and Future Prospective of Cultural Content, Seoul, Korea. 2001.9.7..
8.. (CCTV) 9). CCTV 11 8. (CPBS) 1949 5. 7, 128. 1954 8 15 CPBS. CPBS 5, 6,,.. 7 Voice of China, 1994 6 18. 21,. CNR(China National Radio) 8. 10) CRI (China Radio International). 11) CRI 60,,. CRI 200. 1,400 400. 100 15. CRI 4 38.,,,,,,,. CRI. 9) CCTV 3 2. 10) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5 6-, 7-, 8-5. 11) CRI,,,,,,,,,,,,,.
. 9. 32.,., 30 TV, 40.., TV,., TV, TV,, TV.... TV...,. TV 3.. TV. 10 TV, 40. 10. TV.
10 1 7. FM AM. 2)... (1) R&D R&D..,.., TV.
. 11. (,, )... (2)... TV. TV TV, TV. 12) 20 2 10, 1999 7. TV Tonight We M eet. Tonight We M eet 1991. 90. (Phoenix)TV Sp ecial M en and Woman TV R ose Date. 12) Cahners Business Information, T he great call of China, television A s ia, 2000.6. p.37.
12., TV,,. 1981 2 CCTV 18.. 1999 Princess H unan Zhu 2, 2000 TV. (, ) 13), 955 16,073 2000, 118 178. TV China TV Drama Production Shanghai Paradise Film and Drama Group. TV, National Cable TV Network. 10 J oy Luck Street Granada e- tang. TV,. e- tang 20 2,500 ( 304,000 ), 100 TV 7.. China TV Drama Production Center (CTVDPC) 30 TV, 1 5,000 ( 1,830 ). 14) 13) 4 1. 14) Cahners Business Information, "The great call of China", television A sia,
. 13 2. 1990. 1992. TV. 6 5...... 1990...,.. 1) (1) 1990... 7. 2000.6. p.37.
14...,... CCTV 11. TV, TV.. CCTV,, ( 7 8 )... TV... TV. TV. (2) 7 10, 12,...
. 15,,,,.,,.,,,,,,.,,,., 600. (3). 1990, KTV,,. 15), KTV,., VCR. (4)....,. 15) Hong, J., The Internationalization of Television in China, Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1998. pp.119 120.
16. 1990. 1990 1/ 3 2/ 3.., 1990 75 85%, Oriental television. 2). 4. (1).,.... (2) 1960... 1970 TV,.
. 17.,. 1980 TV. 70 80. 1990. (3).. TV. (4) 1990 6 5..,.. 16) 3) (1) 1990. 16) Hong, J., Ibid., pp.116 117.
18.,.. TV,,,,, TV,. 17). International Data Group of America(IDG) IT,,,,,,.. DVN 7 1 VOD. DVN,. DVN 3,000 TV. DVN,,,. DVN 1 1,350 1. DVN 10. 600 Global Net Broadband Liberate Technologies,. VOD 23. TV. TV 17) TV, TV, /..
. 19. DVN Liberate., TV. TV TV. (2) TV..,.. (3)... 16 10...,,, TV, 2 3.. : ( ) ( ) ( )
20 4) 11 10 WTO.. TV.. (1) TV (HRFTG) 2000 12 27. 7 TV, 4,,,, 30 ( 3 6,000 ). 100 (12 ) ( 5 10, 10,000, 10,000, 1,000 ).,. HRFT G Television and Radio Medium Company 20. HRFT G 1993 4 30. HRFTG TV (armada),,. (2) 2001 4 24. 3.,,,
. 21 (Jiangsu), (Zhejiang). (3) 2001 5 28. 10 Gehua Culture Development Group 5. (BTV) (BCTV) 6 24, TV,. BCTV (3, 4 ) 7 1,,. BTV 7,,, TV,,,. (4) TV- (CCTV), (CNR), (CRI). 7 6 TV-.,,,. TV- CCTV, CNR, CRI 7..,, TV,,.,,,,.
22,,,, 5,, TV, 16. /. 5). 1999 10 50 HD,. CCTV 6 8 2, 100 TV. TV DVB. TV,,. 2008. HD. 3. 18) 1 : 2005 TV. 2 : TV 2010, TV. 3 : 2015. 2000,,. <2001-2010 >, < 10 5 2010 > TV 2003. 18),, <KBS > 637, 2001.8. p.113.
. 23.. ATM VOD, LAN. 2003 (Direct Broadcasting Satellite). DBS 80,.. < - 1> -, 1999-2004 ( : ) 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 343.4 348.8 354.0 359.1 364.1 369.0 TV 308.8 316.5 324.4 332.5 340.8 349.4 99.4 108.7 118.9 128.7 140.0 156.3 DTH / SMATV 10.3 10.5 10.7 11.0 11.1 10.8-0.1 0.2 0.8 1.4 2.0 * 2000-2004. : Cahners Business Information, Imperial Court, television A sia, 2000.11. p.51. 3. 1) 9 5 10 5 2000
24. 2001 11 10 WTO... 2.,. 2000 2,,,....( ).... 10.,,...( )...,.....( )...,.,...( )..., 200, TV. ( )?,.?,.,? WTO...( )...
. 25.. 2), 19).,, TV..,. 4. 4,,, 4....., 19), < >, 1999. 5, 62~70,, < >, 2000, 63.
26.,. WT O,,. VCD. TV,,,... 3) (1).,. 20.. 90% 10, 1999 622 GNP 0.7%, 9,000 TV, 2,000 TV.
. 27,.. 13, 13,.,.. < >2000. 5. ( ).,,.,. [ - 1]
28 (2) :..,... [ - 2]
. 29.,..,., TV,., 4..
30. TV 30. TV 21 ( 47% ) TV 9,000 12. TV 2005 40.,, TV.,. TV. < - 1> 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 ( ) 1211 1219 1219 1237 1247 GDP ($ ) 434 559 - - - ( ) 300.0 311.0 330.8 335.0 345.0 T V ( ) 227.0 241.0 255.0 280.0 295.0 T V (% ) - 77.5% 77.1% 83.6% 85.5% V CR ( ) 20.0 30.0 40.0 - - T V V CR (% ) 8.3% 10.8% 13.3% - - T V 12.0% 12.0% 18.0% 19.8% 23.0% T V - 1% 2% - - 569 2,146 19,739 16,320 17,255 T V ( $ ) 515.0 817.0 1,225.0 1,715.0 2,144.0 : Kagan Asia Media Ltd., A sia Cable & Satellite Guide 2001, 2000, p.279.
. 31 1. 300. AC Nielsen Media International, 1999 2000 290. 1999 2000 11 9. 2001. 1 2 9. < - 2> ** * %(2000) %(1999) 9,692 57 16 5,150 24 33 3,539 17 14 3,370 18 8 1,651 16-1,234 17 15 1,151 23-854 23 3 810 24 14 751 45 40 701 5 2 101 31 6 29,004 *. **. : AC Nielsen Media International, television A sia, 2001.5. p.28. (1) 2000 2000. 70,747 1999 9.04%.
32 641,116 9.13%. 712 14.57%. < - 3> (2000 ) 1999 (%) 70,747 9.04 100.00 40,497 11.99 57.24 11,108 3.56 15.70 TV 3,607 2.85 40.34 720-5.64 1.02 2,226-1.15 3.15 3,835-2.74 5.42 TV 285-9.81 0.40 9,009 16.43 12.73 : www.mediachina.net < - 4> (2000 ) 1999 (%) / (10,000RBM) 641,116 9.13 100.00 11.4 408,250 10.75 63.68 7.87 91,394-1.77 14.26 4.17 TV 28,824 7.98 4.50 58.60 6,996 7.70 1.09 21.72 21,556 4.19 3.36 67.95 22,506 24.14 3.51 5.04 TV 1,756-2.50 0.27 3.16 59,834 15.09 9.33 2.40 : www.mediachina.net 2000 100 57%. 57% 36% 21%.
. 33. 10. (2) 2001 2001 2001 1 7.., 2%,,,,,, WTO.. 2002 1,000. 4.. 2000 9 590 ( 71 ),. AC Nielsen (Phil Rich)., OTC,..,., 20). AC Nielsen 42%. 2000 300 TV 300. AC Nielsen TV 20) Cahners Business Information, T o have and to spend, television A sia, 2001.1/ 2. p.43..
34 TV 72.4%, 434. < - 5> (2000.1-9) RMB YOY*% (2000 ) (1999 ) 1 & 8.26 221% 2 OT C 3.31 171% 3 / 2.18 45% 4 / 1.58 118% 5 & 1.43 17% 6 1.30 168% 7 & ( ) 1.20 18% 8 1.19 16% 9 1.18 109% 10 & 1.06 33% *year- on- year. AC Nielsen. : television A sia, 2001.1/ 2. p.43. AC Nielsen (Rita Chan) TV. CCTV- 1 7%. OTV 1( ) 71%. 21) < - 6> (2000) ( : %) T V 32.5 2.7 45.9 3.0-15.9 48.1 3.5 26.0 2.4-20.0 27.6 9.7 45.9 4.6-12.3 : W orld P ress T ends 2001 21) Ibid., p.43..
. 35 : Media Partners Asia Ltd., The A sia M edia J ournal Q3 2001, p.24. [ - 1] 2005 TV 47% 73. WTO (2001 2002 ). 8,600, 11 (TV 62%, 6%, 5%). Oglivy & Mather 31,400 (23% ) 1, Saatchi & Saatchi, Leo Burnett, J. Walter Thompson Bates China. 22) 13% 7% ( 48 ).,,. TV,, ( 8% 3% ), ( 22) A sia M edia Journal Q3 2001, p.22.
36 40% 85% ), ( 6 12, ), ( 2%, News Corp 15%, CCTV 30% ). < -7> 10 TV (2000) ( : ) 8 10 11 1 CCTV 1 35.89 CCTV 1 35.26 CCTV 1 29.22 2 CCTV 2 19.76 CCTV 2 20.91 CCTV 2 20.07 3 15.57 BTV 1 16.41 BTV 1 15.27 4 Zhejiang 14.94 CCTV 3 14.9 CCTV 8 14.32 5 CCTV 8 13.70 14.51 Zhejiang 12.60 6 BTV 1 12.76 Zhejiang 13.58 11.86 7 CCTV 6 12.59 CCTV 6 12.97 CCTV 8 9.95 8 Shandong 8.82 Shandong 8.91 Shandong 8.35 9 Sichuan 7.88 CCTV 5 8.72 Hunan 7.66 10 Hunan 7.87 Hunan 8.32 Sichuan 7.14 : www.mediafriend.com 2. 1)
. 37. 1958 9 TV TV, 1978 CCTV. CCTV 80%( 5 ). CCTV. 1950. TV,..,. The City Network Company. The City Network Company. (Zhonggia Group) TV.. 1993 5 1100 1998 21. 1999 TV 23) 352, TV 75, 1,250, 1. 42,830, 8,022Kw 91.7%. 1,696, 790,874, TV 8,144 681.. < - 8> 140,529 125,276 23,048 252,247 249,774 790,874 23) <2000 > <2000 >.
38 1. < - 9> 171 301 31 424 55 5,099 5,026 1,221 33,234 4,816 5,270 5,327 1,252 33,658 4,871 (1) CCTV (CCTV) TV. CCTV 1958 5 1 9 2. 1973 PAL-D TV. 1988 CCTV, 3,900. CCTV, (25 TV, 2, 100, ). CCTV TV, 2,., CCTV,. CCTV 11, 138. CCTV 11. CCTV- 1. CCTV- 2,3,5,6,7,8,9. 1996 4 1 CCTV Pan- American Corporation 3 4. 7 10 CCTV Pan- American Corporation
. 39. 2001 7 2, PAS- 2, PAS-4, Asiasat- 2, Asiasat- 3S CCTV- 3,4,9. CCTV- 3,5,6. CCTV-3,4 4 PAS- 2,3,4. CCTV 2 TV (, ). < - 10> CCTV 1 1958. 9, 2 1973. 5 3 1986. 1 (, ) 4 1992.10 ( ) 5 1995.11 (, ) 6 1995.11 (, ) 7 1995.11 ( ) 8 1996. 1 ( ) 9 2000. 9 10 2001. 11 2001. :, < >, :, 2001, 196 (www.cctv.com). CCTV- 1. CCTV- 1 84%, 9, 2 8,000 TV. CCTV- 4 ( ). CCTV- 4 2000 1 1 6 1 4 8 3.,,
40 1, 1 30 30.. CCTV- 9. 2000 9 25, 24. 9.. CCTV 4 Panamsat- 2,3,4,5, Asia- 2, Galaxy- 3 ( 3S ).,,,. CCTV ( 6, 30% ), CCTV- 1 CCTV 80%. 4,. CCTV TV. 30 15,000 CCTV TV. 1999 165, CCTV 47 28%. CCTV 1999 57% 26 8,000. 2000 CCTV 7 6,000. CCTV 62%(37,200 ), 6, 9, 4, 3,900. 6%,
. 41. CCTV 3.,. CCTV. CCTV. (The China TV Drama Production Centre) 1983. 1984 100 TV,,,. (The China International TV Corporation) TV 1984. 1997.,,,.,,,,,. 54, TV (The China TV Program Agency). CTPA, TV,.,., 47 TV TV. (The Beijing Science and Education Film Studio) 1960 3. 1994 CCTV,
42. (The Central Satellite Transmission Centre) (RTPRC) CCTV. CCTV 3,5,6,8.. CCTV TV. 130 250. CCTV., CCTV.,. CCTV.. WTO. CCTV, 7, TV.., TV 7 4. CCTV 24) CCTV TV 24),, < > 131, 2001.5.31, p.33.
. 43. TV, CCTV 4,,, TV TVB8( 2,000 ) ( ). CCTV,,,. (2) TV TV(BTV) 1979. BTV,.. 1/3. 1,500 1,500. 4. BTV- 1 33, BTV- 2 BTV-3. BTV-4. 4 78. 22. 150, TV, 50%. BTV BTV. CNN World Report,,,.
44,. BTV,.,.,.. 25) 5 28 TV,,, TV, 10 TV, 5,. BTV,. 50. BTV,,,. TV,.. TV. (3) TV. <2000,, TV >.. 25) Cahners Business Information, Scaling new heights, television Asia, 2000.6. p.39.
. 45, 2 TV... TV 1958 10 1. 1974. TV,,, TV, TV TV. TV 2. 8, 14,,. 8 2. 38. 1,300 1.2.,. TV,,,,. TV 50, TV TV., 10 TV.
46 TV. 3 ( ) 5 ( ), 5 ( ) 700.. 3 ( ): ( ), ( ), ( ) 5 ( ): ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ) 5 ( ): ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ) TV (, Shanghai Broadcasting Network,, SBN) 1998 10 1 24. TV,,,, TV, TV, TV 20,. TV Sinosat- 1. 1,230 4,000 2. TV., TV. ( )- ( ). TV TV..
. 47... -. H/W..,,. 26,,.... -. 1999 299, 740, 6,720, 45,535.9Kw 90.35%. 1,696 8 1,688. 17,987 357. 357 13,203 74.9%. 2,118 359. 34,
48 43.. < - 11> 112 112 16 87 20 1,635 2,712 585 5,338 1,840 1,747 2,824 601 5,425 1,860 1. < - 12> 463,730 787,172 115,616 1,401,800 810,510 3,578,828 2) TV (1) TV 1992 5 4. 1980, 1995 3,000. 1999 6,800, 2000 TV 9, 1,000 2001 11 1. 10 5 (2001-2005 ) 1 2,000. 1.5
. 49,,. TV 2000 5 7 40. < - 13> TV 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 T V 300 306 312 318 324 330 84 90 95 99 102 105 % 7 6 4 3 3 TV % 28 29 30 31 31 32 0.1 0.4 1 2 3 5 $ 1 2 2 2 2 3 $ 3 3 4 4 5 5 $ 1,166 1,566 1,998 2,444 2,894 3,353 $ 2 9 30 74 146 248 $ 1,168 1,575 2,028 2,518 3,040 3,601 % 35 29 24 21 18 : Media Partner Asia Lt d., A sia M edia Journal Q3 2001. p.21. (2) TV. 3 30 16. TV 2,000, 242.,,,. 1999 3, (China Academy of Science),, (China Network Communication Corps/ CNC). CNC
50 15 4 25% 3 3. (China Telecom),, (Ministry of Railway), (People's Liberation Army) 4,. (3) TV TV. TV.. WTO TV.., 2000. TV, TV. TV. (Information Network Center), 3,000 31.,
. 51., (Ministry of Information Industries), (Ministry of Culture) 3.. HFC.. 3,. 2004. ( ) TV -, -.. 9, 3,000. (4) WTO. 2001.. WTO. WT O 1 25%, 2 35%, 3 49%
52. TV. TV 2000 6,300, 1,700 9,000. TV, 10 TV,,, 24. 2010 2000 5 7 70, 45, 23, 3 1 6 47% 1 5 TV 26) (5) 10 5 (2001-2005 ) TV 1 5,,, TV 2.,, 24,. TV,,. INC TV 3., 40% 750MHz 860MHz HFC( )., TV. 26) Kagan Asia Media Ltd., A sia Cable & Satellite Guide 2001, 2001, p.62.
. 53, / / 3., 20 VOD. PPV.. TV DVB. TV DVN Holdings ( ) Seachange( ), NDS(conditional access TV), Open TV(middleware), Liberate Technologies( TV). (6) TV ( TV, TV). 1992 TV 750MHz, 320. 1998 TV 3,600 ( 2,400, 1,200 ). TV (Shanghai Cable Network/ SCN) SCATV. SCN 750MHz 2,200 4,000km, SCATV 6 CCTV 20 26. SCN 3 2. 27) SCATV SCN 25%,. SCATV 5.5%. TV 1992 TV(BCTV) 250 27) A sia M edia Journal Q3 2001, p.31
54. 3) (1) TV 84.4%.. 1984. 1984 4 8 ( )2 (DFH- 2) 125 E. 28), TV. 1990. 1990... CCTV 9, CETV 3 29, 40 TV. ( ), TV. 29) ( 30), CETV ) 28) 90,,, < > 134,, 2001. 7. 15, pp.9 16. 29), TV, < > 13 11, 2001.6.16, pp.65 68..
. 55, 1993 10.,. 31),.. < - 14> ChinaSat DFH ChinaSat SinoSat,, SinoSat China OrientSat ChinaStar APT Satellite (, 80%), Apstar Holding Ltd. 10%( ) Asia Satellite telecommunica- t AsiaSat ion Holdings (, 60%) Ltd. :,,, 1999.. (2) 30) (Phoenix Satellite TV) News Corp 4,000.,, < 21>,, 2001.11. 18, pp.118 123. 31) MII 8, < TV >,. 84..
56 1970-1(DFH- 1). DFH- 2 DFH- 2A- 1, 2A- 2, 2A- 3 1988 3 1988 12, 1990 2 ( ChinaSat- 1, ChinaSat- 2, ChinaSat-3 ). 3 1994. 1993 DFH. DFH-3. ChinaSat A. ChinaSat 1985. (Ministry of Post and Telecommunications, MPT ) (MII). ChinaSat 1983,., MPT. ChinaSat China T elecom. ChinaSat, ChinaSat-5, 6, 8, 3. B. MPT (Ministry of Post and Telecommunications) C. 1998 25 D. ChinaSat-5: 18 C- 6 Ku- ChinaSat-6: 1997 5. 24 C- ( 1
. 57 120 ) ChinaSat-8: 36 C- 16 Ku-... E. ChinaSat 2,000,, VSAT.,,,,,.,,,.,,. SinoSat A. ChinaSat. B. 1994 5 C. SinoSat- 1: 24 C- 14 Ku-.,,. D. (People s Bank of China). E.,,,
58. China OrientStar A. MPT 1995 4. B. 1995 4 C. MPT ( ) D. Lockheed Martin Astro Space. E. ChinaStar- 1: 18 C- 20 Ku- < - 15> C- Ku- ChinaSat- 5 18 6 CCTV ChinaSat ChinaSat- 6 24 DFH- 3B ChinaSat- 8 36 16,, SinoSat SinoSat- 1 24 14, China OrientSat ChinaStar- 1 18 20 :,,, 1999. p.67.. (3)
. 59 Apstar A.,. B..,. < - 16> Apstar (36MHz ) C- Ku- Apstar- I 1994. 7 24 - Apstar- IA 1996. 7 24 - Apstar- IIR 1997. 10 28 16 :,,, 1999. p.67. C. ChinaSat Apstar I 8 IA 4, CLT C(China Satellite Launch & Tracking Control General) IA 2. Apstar 10 ESPN, HBO, Turner, Sony Pictures Entertainment.. D. Apstar,,..
60. DBS. AsiaSat A. 1997 12,, AsiaSat 19%. AsiaSat Satellite Control Facility. B. 1990 4 1 : AsiaSat 1.. 1990 11 28 : AsiaSat 1,. 1999 3 31 : AsiaSat 3S. C. AsiaSat CITIC(China International Trust and Investment Corp) 30%, Cable and Wireless 28%, Hutchison Whampoa 12%, 30%. < - 17> AsiaSat (36MHz ) C- Ku- AsiaSat 1 1990. 4. 1 24 - AsiaSat 2 1995. 11. 28 24 (4 72MHz) 9 (54MHz) AsiaSat 3S 1999. 3. 21 28 16 :,,, 1999. p.51.
. 61 D. TV AsiaSat. TV AsiaSat 1 12. AsiaSat 2 C- 4. TV AsiaSat. AsiaSat 3S. TV. TVBS, CNN Internatioal, CTN, TNT, CETV, CNBC NBC. AsiaSat, CCTV AsiaSat 2 Ku- C-, C- Ku- 14. 4) 32), TV 47.7, 36. 4, 20. 1998 4 3. 47.7 18.4, 7.6., 21,953, 1.2, 9,742, 7,997, 602, 7,301. 38 538, 8,500. 1999,. 32) <2000 > <2000 >. < - 17> < - 18>..
62 < - 18> 479,499 438,197 340,164 84,453 32,150 22,702 < - 19>, 438,228 73,748 26,691 104,663 84,278 5,531 59,627 83,750 100% 16.8% 6.1% 23.9% 19.2% 1.3% 13.6% 19.1%, TV.. < -20> 1985 1990 1995 1999 100 T V 100 T V 17.2 59 89.79 111.57 11.74 44.44 80.73 100.59 (%) 68.3 74.7 78.8 90.5 T V (% ) 68.4 79.4 84.5 91.7 TV 1 1 TV. TV 2 40~50 TV.
. 63 TV. TV TV..,. TV. TV.,,. TV.... < -21> 1994 ~1998 ( ) ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ) 1994 22 148 32 182 22 1995 30 146 37 40 111 1996 30 110 58 33 39 1997 31 88 28 34 95 1998 31 82 9 30 54
64 < -22> 1985 ~1999 TV 1985 1990 1995 1998 1999 ( ) T V ( ) 127 134 146 82 82 38,056 91,572 383,513 477,893 526,483
65. 1. (, State Administration of Radio, Film and Television/SARFT, )., 11 WTO... 1) 1, 3, 12. 24 31,, TV. 2000 6 ( ) 98 4 (, ), ( ), 2001 3 ( ). 1. ( : ( )), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ) 12.
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. 71 : : 86-01-8609-3293 (12) ( ),,..,,,,,,. : ( ) :,, : 86-01-8609-3814 2. 1978 12 18 22 11 3 1996 2 33) 4, 3 80. 76 43 1.,. 1996 10 1 33)..1 :. ( ), 2 :. ( ), 3 :. ( ), ( )
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. 73 1,..,., 2 1. 1993 4, 1.. 4. 3. 1) :, TV 1997 8 11 228, TV ( ) 2001., TV, TV, TV,, 6 55.
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. 75,,,..,.. 4 TV. TV. 35),. 35), T V, ( ), 5, 2000 1 4.
76 < - 1> /, TV 1997 2 8... TV, 228 8. 1 1/ 19,, TV 97.9.1.. 2 10..., TV,, TV.,. TV.,, TV. 2 13.... 3 20...,,. 3 23..., TV. TV TV. 4 37...,, TV. 4 45...,.
. 77 < -2> 1999. 1. 1 10,, TV TV. 2.,, TV,, TV. 3. TV ( ), TV., TV 1 9 9 9 5, TV 714 11. 12, TV, TV TV., TV, TV.
78 < -3> TV, 2000. 5 1.4 1., TV.... 25%. 2. (18 ~22 ) 15%., 19 21 30. 3. 3. <TV ( )> 60 20 1 TV. TV,,. 2) 1996 6 19 200 ( ), TV. TV ( ).
. 79 < -4> 200 1996. 6.19 1 4,, TV. 2 7. 9,, TV,. 17,,,... 18. 22,. 4 29,, TV. 5 45... 2/ 3. 16 1995. 9.1 5,.,. 2000. 10.25 3 3. 4. (2) 1000. (4), ( ),. (5) 51%..
80, TV,. 1995 9 1 16 ( ) 5,,..,,. 2000 10 25, 3 ( ),.,,, (2 22 ), 1/3 (5 45 ). 3) 1993 10 5 129 ( ),.,,, ( 3 ) ( 4 ).,
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. 99 2. News Corp.. News Corp. News Corp. 1) PSTV PSTV 4, Phoenix Chinese Channel, Phoenix Movies, Phoenix CNE(Europe), Phoenix North America Chinese Channel.. 51) PSTV 5. PSTV Growth Enterprise Market. PSTV,, CCTV. PSTV 4,500 CCTV. 4,500, 2%. PSTV 2001 1 24 Phoenix InfoNews Channel., 51) Cahners Business Information, "news too much", television Asia, 2000.12. p.53.
100. PSTV InfoNews (Chen Shuiban). PSTV 220 (1 3 ) 1,000 ( 130 ). ( 2% ) 1 5,200 15%(1/ 4 ), 1 6,000 1 8,700 (InfoNews ), 6 12. 2). 2 19 China Netcom Corp(CNC) News Corp Goldman Sachs CNC(27 ) 3 2,500 12%. CNC 17 2002. CNC,,.., WTO. CNC. News Corp,,. News Corp Star TV CNC. News Corp Goldman Sachs WT O. 2 (Chinabyte.com, RenRen.com), (Tianjin) TV.
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. 103 7.9%, 93%.. 55).,,... 90, ( ) 90...,,,,...... 1) (1) 13. 55),, < > 479, 2001.8.2. p.18.
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. 145 1997 2000. 97 < - 2> 16 9 TV 4 3 21 2 6%. TV 15 3 1%. 97 7 1 582 3 TV 36 5 94 7 26%. 3,727 TV 68 4 18% (67%) 2. 97. 92 93 94 95 2 96 2 97. 98. < -3> 98 202 3 29.5%. 64 5 9.4%,, 4. 10 5.
146 < -3> (1998 2000) ( : ) TV 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1,077 (23.1%) 1,316 (22.2%) 2,433 (42.4%) 630 (28.6%) 480 (28.2%) 509 (35.2%) 1,707 (24.9%) 1,796 (23.6%) 2,952 (41.1%) 1,800 (38.6%) 1,750 (29.6%) 956 (16.7%) 223 (10.1%) 30 (1.8%) 17 (1.2%) 2,023 (29.5%) 1,780 (23.4%) 973 (13.5%) 407 (8.7%) 404 (6.8%) 247 (4.3%) 238 (10.8%) 172 (10.0%) 105 (7.3%) 645 (9.4%) 576 (7.6%) 352 (4.9%) 468 (10.0%) 883 (14.9%) 570 (9.9%) 290 (13.2%) 418 (25.0%) 32 (2.2%) 758 (11.0%) 1,301 (17.1%) 602 (8.4%) 99 (2.1%) 80 (1.4%) 125 (2.2%) - - 24 (1.4%) 159 (11%) 99 (1.4%) 104 (1.4%) 284 (4.0%) 205 (4.4%) 137 (2.3%) 54 (0.9%) 230 (10.4%) 115 (6.8%) 305 (21.1%) 435 (6.3%) 252 (3.3%) 359 (5.0%) - - 119 (2.0%) 10 (0.2%) 1 - - - 8 (0.5%) 1-119 (1.6%) 18 (0.3%) 54 (1.2%) 119 (2.0%) 44 (0.8%) 11 (0.5%) 10 (0.6%) 34 (2.3%) 65 (0.9%) 129 (1.7%) 78 (1.0%) 77 (1.7%) 260 (4.4%) 9 (0.2%) 121 (5.5%) 2 (0.1%) 5 (0.3%) 198 (2.9%) 262 (3.4%) 14 (0.1%) 1 - - - 2 (0.03%) - - - - - - 1 - - - 2-476 (10.2%) 852 (14.4%) 1,288 (22.4%) 461 (20.9%) 444 (26.1%) 273 (18.9%) 937 (13.7%) 1,296 (17.0%) 1,561 (21.7%) 4,664 (100%) 5,920 (100%) 5,738 (100%) 2,205 (100%) 1,695 (100%) 1,447 (100%) 6,869 (100%) 7,615 (100%) 7,185 (100%) * 592 6. :, 2000 2001. 2 98 266 8 38.9% 1. 99 235 6 31% 23.6% 17.1%.
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. 149 < -4> (1998 2000) ( : ) TV 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000 1,639 (10.7%) 1,215 (6.0%) 1,803 (6.6%) 152 (1.3%) 214 (2.5%) 550 (23.4%) 1,791 (6.6%) 1,429 (5.0%) 2,353 (8.0%) 27 (0.2%) 22 (0.1%) - - 8 (0.1%) - - - - 35 (0.1%) 22 (0.1%) - - 1,304 (8.5%) 550 (2.7%) 953 (3.6%) 297 (2.5%) 258 (3.0%) 100 (4.3%) 1,601 (5.9%) 808 (2.8%) 1,053 (3.5%) - - 498 (2.5%) 3 - - - 36 (0.4%) - - - - 534 (1.9%) 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 159 (0.6%) 10,781 (70.1%) 13,878 (69.1%) 20,504 (76.7%) 10,579 (90.8%) 6,416 (74.3%) 1,363 (58.0%) 21,360 (79.0%) 20,294 (70.6%) 21,967 (75.0%) 350 (2.3%) 597 (3.0%) 871 (3.3%) 80 (0.7%) 678 (7.8%) 40 (1.7%) 430 (1.6%) 1,275 (4.4%) 911 (3.0%) 695 (4.5%) 2,728 (13.6%) 1,462 (5.5%) 397 (3.4%) 820 (9.5%) 139 (5.9%) 1,092 (4.0%) 3,549 (12.4%) 1,601 (5.4%) 53 (0.3%) 230 (1.1%) 75 (0.2%) 14 (0.1%) 15 (0.2%) 19 (0.8%) 67 (0.2%) 245 (0.9%) 94 (0.3%) 44 (0.3%) 30 (0.1%) 220 (0.8%) 6 (0.1%) 10 (0.1%) - - 50 (0.2%) 40 (0.1%) 220 (0.8%) 493 (3.1%) 315 (1.7%) 852 (3.3%) 117 (1.0%) 191 (2.2%) 139 (5.9%) 610 (2.4%) 536 (1.9%) 991 (3.4%) 15,386 (100%) 20,093 (100%) 26,743 (100%) 11,650 (100%) 8,639 (100%) 2,350 (100%) 27,036 (100%) 28,732 (100%) 29,093 (100%) :, 2000 2001. 2. 97 IMF 97 7
150.. 2. TV 1) TV TV,,. 97, 93 MBC < >, 94 MBC < >, 95 KBS < >, < >, < >, SBS < >, 96 KBS < >, < >, MBC < >, 97 MBC < >. TV 93, 97. 93 < > (KBS), < > (MBC), < > (MBC), 94 < > (KBS), < > (MBC), < > (MBC), < > (SBS), 95 < > (SBS), 96 < > (SBS), 97 < > (KBS), < > (KBS), < > (MBC). < > < > 81) 81) 90 99 GTV.
. 151 TV TV(, Phoenix TV) 82) TV ( ) 83). TV. 97 MBC < > CCTV 1. < > 97 6 15 12 14 9 11 CCTV 1 < >, 4.2% CCTV 2., 98 7 29 10 13 9 10 CCTV 2. 84) TV. < ( )> < ( )> < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>, < ( )>. < ( )>, <Mr. Q( )> < ( )>. < > 4.3% 99 5, < > 2.5% 12. 2000 < > 5.8% 2.. 82) 91 TV ( ), 96 3 31 ( ).,. 83) 90,,,.. 84), TV - MBC,, 2001, 37.
152 TV., 97 5 1 TV. < > 99 3, < > 99 10, < > 2000 8 <Mr. Q> < > 2001 1 2 TV 1 < > 1 28 TV 2. AC Nielsen 85) 300. [ - 1] < > 85). 96 457 1 3 ( 372 ), 74, 78 643 (, 1997).
. 153 < > 6 3.5%., 45 15 24, 500 2000. 5%, 4.6%. 55,.. 1919 5 4,.,.. TV < >. < - 2>, 15 24 3 5 44 26 34. 500. 6.9%, 5.7%, 5.2%. ( ) ( ) (telenovelas). ( )
154.. [ -2] < > < >, 55 1,500 2,000. 3.6% 3.5%.
. 155 [ -3] < >,. ( ). < > 2 18 TV 1 5 20 30. 1.4%, 55 (2.3%) (2%).
156 <Mr. Q> 1 6 TV 1 9 30 30, 1.7% 10 30., 20 30. [ -4] < > [ - 5] <MR. Q>
. 157..,,. 2) TV 2001 2 ( ) 15. 19 23 79,.. (1) TV TV, TV.,,,,,,,,,, HOT,,, NRG 20, <
158 >, < >, < >, < >, < >, < >, < >, < >, <8 >, < >, <8 >, < > < >, < > 15. 10.. 5, 60 90. 90,.,., 1/ 3...,...,.,. < >,
. 159. 95 KBS < >. TV......,. 96 SBS <8 >,. (2).,,. ( ).. 88,
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169 1., < 1, 2>, :, 2001. G.,, < >, :, 2001., <2001 >, 2000., < >,, 2001., < >, :, 2000., < >, :, 2000., < >,, 1999.10.30., < >, :, 1992., < >, :, 1998., < >, :, 2001. 12.,, < >, :, 2001. 2., TV, <, >, 2001, 2001.
170, (1949 1996), < >, 43-1, 1998.,,, 1999., TV : MBC,, 2001.,,,, 2001.,, CEO Information ( 302 ),, 2001.6.27.,,,, 2001.,, <,, >, 2001, 2001.,,, 1994.,, CEO Information( 319 ),, 2001.10.24. (2001),, KBS TV, <,, >, 2001, 2001., TV, <21 >, -, 2001., ( ), <21 >, -, 2001.
171 He, Zi- Hua,,,,, 1993.11.15 16. Liu, Ji-nan,,,, 1994.5.12. 3.,, 139,, 2001.9.30.,,, 479, 2001.8.2.,, 214, 1999.4., CATV, 129,, 2001.4.30. - - - - - -, TV, 130,, 2001.5.15. - - - - - -,, 131,, 2001.5.31. - - - - - -, TV, 132,, 2001.6.15.,, 134,, 2001.7.15. - - - - - -,, 135,, 2001.7.31. - - - - - -,, 136,, 2001.8.16. - - - - - -, TV, 137,, 2001.8.31. - - - - - -,, 138,
172, 2001.9.15. - - - - - -,, 140,, 2001.10.15, TV, 13 11, 2001.6.16., TV, 137,, 2001.8.31.,, KBS, 637, 2001.8., < >, 1992. - - - - - -, < >, 1996. - - - - - -, < >, 1997. - - - - - -, < >, 1998,, KBS, 638, 2001.9. 1. Hong, J., The Internationalization of Tlevision in China, Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1998. Kagan Asia Media Ltd., A sia Cable & Satellite Guide 2001, 2000. S. Herman & McChesney, The Global M edia, London: Victor Gollancz Limitied., 1997(, < >, :, 1998.)
173 2. Asia Cable & Satellite Ltd., Cable confusion reigns supreme, A SIA Cable & Satellite W ORLD, 2000.12.- 2001.1. - - - - - -, Netcom closes historic media deal in China, A SIA Cable & Satellite W ORLD, 2001.3. A sia M edia J ournal Q3 2001. Cahners Business Information, Production Crunch In China, television Asia, 1999.7/8. - - - - - -, TV industry faces multiple changes in China, television A sia, 2000.1/ 2. - - - - - -, Unlicensed cartoons rubbed out in China, television A sia, 2000.5. - - - - - -, The great call of China, Scaling new heights, television A sia, 2000.6. - - - - - -, Imperial Court, television A sia, 2000.11. - - - - - -, news too much, television A sia 2000.12. - - - - - -, To have and to spend, television A sia, 2001.1/ 2. Cartledge, S., Open Season, televis ion A sia, 2001.5. Hu, Zhengrong, Chinese Contents Industry: Transitions and Issues, An International Symposium for the Recognition Shift and Future Prospective of Cultural Content, Seoul, Korea. 2001.9.7. 3., < >,, 2001 1 1. ( ), ( 228 ), 1998.
174, < >,, 2000.,, 1996.., 295 2000 11 5., < >, 129, 1993 10 5, < >, 96(1999.1) 101(1999.6), 103(2000.2), 105(2000.4) 109(2001.2 ) < >, < >,, 2000 10 -, < ( )>, 17(2001. 4. 22. 4. 28.) 18 (2001. 4. 29. 5. 5.)., < >,, 2001 1 1., < >,., 1999 4 1., < >, 2000. STV, <SBN - >, 2000., <STV - - 2000 >, 2000., <SBN - >, 2000. < >, 2000., <1997-1998 IMI >,,1997.. 2000. 5. < > 2001 8 30. < > 2001 25. http:// www.arirangtv.com www.cctv.com english.peopledaily.com www.ad007.com
175 www.china.org www.ft.com www.kdb21.com www.mediachina.net www.mediafriend.com www.sina.com www.sat- china.com/news/internal/ wszknew/80.htm www.dt.co.kr www.263.net
01-13 2001 11 2001 11 923-5 : 3219-5400 FAX : 2649-7312.. (http:// www.kbi.re.kr ). R1000-B80-01130765