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1 z J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 11«4y, 2009 Vol. 11, No. 4, pp (2009) { û x Ÿ 1) Á«2) 1) ITÁ, 2) q Classification of body types of male heelchair users Kang-e Park 1) and Young-h Kon 2) 1) Institute for IT & Design, Silla University, 2) Div. of Fashion Design & Industry, Silla Universty, usan, Korea bstract : The purpose of this study as to analyze the physical characteristic of the heelchair users by directly measuring the disabled men ho use a heelchair and to classify body types. The subjects ere 178 male heelchair users years range of age. The results of this study ere as follos. The cause of disability as classified into four groups; Poliomyelitis(P), Spinal Cord Injury(S), Cerebral Palsy(C), mputee(). There as a remarkable difference in the physical characteristic of the heelchair users due to their cause of disability. have greater values in all the dimensions. P have the largest drop values and smaller values in the loer body dimensions. S have greater values in the height of upper body trunk, back interscye length, and chest circumference, hereas smaller values in aist front length and thigh circumference. C have smaller values in most body dimensions except circumference of loer limb. y the factor analysis on the anthropometric data came out the result to be eight factors. The result of cluster analysis using factor scores shos the body types of heelchair users can be divided into four body types; PY, R, TP, R. PY type is short and has the largest drop values, hereas R type tends to have the smallest drop values. TP type is tall and the torso tends to be larger than those of the other types. R type has smaller values in front body dimensions and moderate values in other dimensions. The diversity in body types should be considered among the heelchair users. Key ords: heelchair users, disabled men, Poliomyelitis, Spinal Cord Injury, Cerebral Palsy, mputee, ody Type. 1. ù m 8 eá ÁzÁyy š, eá ÁzÁyy."š» «ƒ (, 2008). z y ƒ». ƒ» ÁÁ 3 ù. p z ƒ ù ù z ƒ. ù x¾, m, l, r Ì Corresponding author; Kang-e Park Tel , Fax liebpark@naver.com ù š (x, 1999). x ù k r { û 80%» š» ùkûš, ƒ j ùkû(ÿ, «, 2008). k ƒ x» pù, p d Ákƒ r t š (, 1999). ƒ p š»» r»» ƒ š p x š k ƒ. ƒš p v. (2005) k 621
2 622 z 11«4y, 2009 ƒš ,449, ,148, ,200 ƒš, y r % š. ƒ y š z 89% ùkû. (2006) mšù š,»k š z û j ùkû. p û» 19 z ƒ ùk ù»ƒ š óùš zy»» š. û { 88.1% ƒ. ƒš x š p ùkù. p { ü š, { i yƒ ùkùš ƒ ùkù. ½ (1991) { ƒ» q ƒ š š, Quinn, M. D., & Chase, R. W.(1990) {» ¼ ƒš ¼ û x» ƒ š» r ö š.» x» y { p ù xš. x (2003) eƒ 8cm, 6.45 cm ¼ƒ š, x 1.4 cm š.»» { x. (2006) e eš. ù x ù kš, v x e ƒ. ¾ ƒ p x r, (1987) r d, (1990) d, ½ (1991) û d x ƒ. p»»x» š(, 1990) x xƒ v (½, 1991)š. x( g, 2006)ƒ ƒ v x. r Rolli-Moden { x y k 1988 {» z» qš š(rundschau, 2000) x t š. x ù z y ƒ x š q. x y š. z y š û»» r { d p š. de k x xy š x x p qš.» ƒ { œm ƒš x š p q p { e ƒ š. x» { yy d» { û l ¾ z ƒ Table 1. s 20~29 30~39 40~49 50~59 60~69 Total 8(4.5%) 31(17.4%) 47(26.4%) 24(13.5%) 11(6.2%) 121(68.0%) 2(1.1%) 12(6.7%) 18(10.1%) 2(1.1%) 2(1.1%) 36(20.2%) 4(2.2%) 3(1.7%) 0(0%) 0(0%) 1(0.6%) 8(4.5%) 3(1.7%) 3(1.7%) 3(1.7%) 3(1.7%) 1(0.6%) 13(7.3%) Total 17(9.6%) 49(27.5%) 68(38.2%) 29(16.3%) 15(8.4%) 178(100%)
3 휠체어를 사용하는 성인 남성의 체형분류 (울산), 부산 척수장애인협회, 부산 창원 장애인복지관 및 스 포츠회관 이용자, 대전 전국장애인 탁구대회 참가자, 부산 장애 인직업훈련원생 등 실제적인 활동을 하고 있는 성인 장애인 180명에 대해 인체 측정을 실시하였다. 그 중에서 측정 자료가 미미한 2명을 제외한 178명을 연구 분석에 사용하였다. 연구대 상자의 장애원인과 연령분포는 Table 1과 같다. 본 연구대상자 의 연령분포는 20~29세 9.6%, 30~39세 27.5% 40~49세 38.2%, 50~59세 16.3%, 60세 이상 8.4%로 40대, 30대, 50대 20대 순으로 나타났다. 장애원인을 살펴 본 결과 척수장애가 68%로 가장 많았고 소아마비 20.2%, 하지절단 장애 7.3%, 뇌 병변 장애 4.5% 순으로 나타났다. 측정 방법 및 항목 인체측정은 Martin의 인체측정법과 지식경제부 기술표준원 KS 7003(인체측정용어) 및 KS 7004(인체측정방법) 에 설정된 기준선과 기준점 그리고 독일의 Forschungsinstitut Hohenstein(1984)에서 휠체어 장애인에게 사용한 계측방법을 참 고하여 측정하였다. 피측정자가 휠체어에 의존하는 장애인으로 써 특수한 상황이기에 장애인이 착용한 옷차림에서 최대한 간 편한 차림인 얇은 티셔츠와 바지 착용 상태에서 측정에 임하였 다. 또한 선 자세를 취할 수 없기 때문에 키는 누운 자세에서 측정하고, 하지절단장애인의 키는 절단 이전의 키를 적용시켰 다. 다른 항목에 대해서는 인체측정학적 앉은 자세를 기본으로 측정하였다. 인체측정 시 오른 쪽을 기준으로 하지만 피측정자 의 장애원인에 따라 좌우의 크기가 다를 경우 큰 부위를 측정 하였다. 엉덩이둘레는 앉은 자세에서 사선으로 위치가 바뀌기 때문에 앉은엉덩이사선둘레 항목을 추가하였다. 하지절단장애 인의 하지 높이항목은 의족을 착용한 상태에서 측정하였다. 측 정항목은 높이항목 14, 길이항목 18, 둘레항목 15, 너비항목 6, 두께항목 5로 총 58 항목에 대해 측정 하였다. 또한 성인 남 자의 체형을 구분할 때 대체로 드롭치수를 이용하게 된다. 드 롭치수는 가슴둘레와 허리둘레의 차로 계산에 의해서 산출하여 분석항목으로 추가하였다. 항목별 측정항목과 측정방법은 Fig. 1과 Table 2에 나타내었다. 휠체어남자 장애인의 인체측정방법 참고자료: Forschungsinstitut Hohenstein (1988). ekleidung fuer maenliche Rollstuhlfahrer: Koermasstabellen, Konstruktionsmass-Tabellen, Hineise Fig. 1. fuer die Gestaltung der Kleidung. oennigheim.
4 624 z 11«4y, 2009 Table 2. d d 1.j 2.j Á Õ 10.x 11.Ö ¼ 16. ¼ 17.¼ 18.Õ¼ 19.Õx¼ 20.Á¼ 21.Áƒ ¼ ¼ 22. ¼ 23. ¼ 24. ¼ 25. ¼ 26.q¼ 27.q¼ 28.¼ 29.Ö¼ 30.¼ 31.ƒ¼ 32.s¼ ƒ q 38.qäe x 41.Ö Õ 50.ƒ 51.x 52.Ö 53. Ì 54.Ì 55. Ì 56.ƒÌ 57.xÌ 58.Ö xì 2.3. SPSS 12.0 m v š p» flp š,, m x xy š xx p», flp. xx s». 3. š 3.1. { û p { û 178 d,,, 4. p šš flp Table 3. Table 3. de { û s³ j cmš cm, cm, cm, 174 cm ùkû. z š ƒ š j g jƒ ƒ j ùkû. j ùkù,,,, Õ, jš, ƒ ùkû. d P < ùkü. Ö,, ƒ ƒ ùkû. Ÿ, «(2008) k eƒ f š e š. ¼ Á¼ q¼ ¼ (n=121) (n=36) (n=8) (n=13) Total(n=178) M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD (: cm) F-Value j *** j *** *** *** *** Á *** C *** *** Õ *** x *** Ö *** C C *** ** **
5 { û x 625 ( : cm) Table 3. de ( ) ¼ * ¼ * ¼ * Õ¼ * Õx¼ * Á¼ Áƒ¼ * ¼ ¼ *** ¼ ** ¼ * ¼ * q¼ * q¼ ¼ ** Ö¼ ** ¼ C C *** ƒ¼ C C *** Ì s¼ C C *** * ƒ * q qäe * x Ö * ** 42.5 C C *** C *** 30.1 C C *** C *** e Õ * ƒ * x * Ö C C ** *** Ì * Ì ƒì * xì ÖxÌ * P <0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < > > C: flp ƒ t.
6 626 z 11«4y, 2009 Table 4. de x x Ì sj» Ì sj» j ¼ ¼¼ t t q q qäe ƒ Ì Õ¼ ƒì Õ ƒ Ì x Ö xì ÖxÌ x Ö Á 0.07 o j qäe Õ x ¼ ¼ j q¼ ¼ Õx ¼ ¼ ¼ Ö¼
7 { û x 627 Table 4. de ( ) Áƒ¼ Á¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ š P < 0.05 ùkþ. ¼ ƒ j ùkûš ùkû. t t, ƒ j ¼ Ö ¼, ƒ¼, ¼, s¼ Ì ùkû. ¼ P < 0.01 ùküš, j ùkû. k d»š., ƒ,, P < 0.05 ùküš, P < ùkü. ƒ j ùk ûš,,, j ùkû. eƒ j. j» š. ƒ j ƒ š,, ƒ ù kû. ƒš k» ù š»š. š. ƒ, x, Ö, P < 0.05 ùkþ. ù kûš ùkû. x j ùkû. Ì Ì ƒì P < 0.05 ùkþ. ƒ É ùkû x { x š t q» j» xk p x v» de 52. šeƒ 1.0 ùkü y š Varimax ƒz gš,. Table 4 ùkü. de šeƒ ùkûš %. 1 x Ì s j» ùkü š 18.06, 34.07% 1. Õ¼ ¼ û x ƒ, Ì j x š x (, 2002) Õ¼ƒ ƒ ƒ üsš s j» ùkü, Ì Ì. 2 x Ì s j» ùkü š 8.21, 15.50% ù kû. 3,, j, Á, x ùkü š 5.70, 10.75% ùkû. 4 ƒ¼, ¼, j, q¼ j, ¼ ùkü š 2.91, 5.49% ùkû. 5 ¼ ¼
8 628 z 11«4y, 2009 Table 5. s³ x 1 x Ì sj» Ì sj» 3 4 j, ¼ 5 ¼ ¼ 6 7 t 8 t * P <0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < x1(n=28) x2(n=47) x3(n=31) x4(n=72) M SD M SD M SD M SD C C C > > C: flp ƒ t C C F *** *** *** *** *** *** ** *** ùkü š 2.35, 4.42% ùk û. 6,, j» ùkü š 1.51, 2.85% ùkû. 7 t ùkü š 1.09, 2.05% ùkþ. 8 ¼, ¼ t ùkü š 1.08, 2.04% ùkû { û x xy { û x xy» 8. jp š K-means y x. 2~5 z p r š x p ùkù 4 x. Table 5 x ty flp t { û x s³ ƒ P<0.001 š. x p q» d e(ƒ -x) fl p š, Table 6 ùkü. x1 Ì sj» ùkü 2 ùkü 3 j» ùkü 6 š t ùkü 7 ƒ ùkû. ¼ ¼ ùkü 5 x2, x3 Ì j ùkû. de s³ jƒ cm ƒ ùkûš, e 18.0 cm ƒ j ùkû. x 1 jƒ š x ƒ ƒ ƒ x. ƒ xƒ ƒ x. x2 Ì sj» ùkü 2 ùkü 3, ¼ ¼ ùkü 5, t ùkü 7 j ùkûš, t ùkü 8 ƒ j ùkû. ù x Ì sj» ùkü 1 ƒ ùkû. d e s³ j cm j» ù kþš, q¼ q, q, e ƒ ùkû. x ƒ ùš x. x3 t ùkü 8 j ùkû. p de r j cm ƒ j ùkûš, ƒƒ cm, ƒ cm xš. ƒ ¼š Ë ùkû. e 12.8 cm ùkû. x4 ¼ ùkü 5 t ù kü 8 ƒ. ùkü 3 t ùkü 7 j ùkû. j cm xš, e ƒ 14.1 cm ùkû. { û x x p r. û x ƒ š e. û e ƒ
9 { û x 629 Table 6. x de ¼ x1(n=28) x2(n=47) x3(n=72) x4(n=31) M SD M SD M SD M SD (: cm) j C *** j 84.9 C *** *** 58.7 C *** 51.6 C *** Á 55.3 C *** 45.5 C *** 42.6 C *** Õ 36.2 C *** x 25.2 C *** 47.4 C *** ¼ 39.8 C C *** ¼ *** ¼ *** Õ¼ *** Õx¼ 40.7 C C *** Á¼ ** Áƒ¼ *** ¼ *** ¼ *** ¼ C *** ¼ C *** q¼ C C *** ¼ 68.6 C *** Ö¼ 60.5 C *** ¼ 55.4 C *** ¼ 89.5 C *** 38.6 C *** *** ƒ *** *** q C *** qäe *** q C *** *** x 80.1 C *** Ö 82.2 D C *** 86.6 C *** 90.5 C *** 38.1 C C *** 26.4 C *** e C *** F
10 630 z 11«4y, 2009 Table 6. x de ( ) Ì ( : cm) Õ ** ƒ C *** x 25.9 C *** Ö 26.7 C *** 28.8 C *** Ì ** Ì ** ƒì *** xì 21.2 C *** ÖÌ 22.3 C *** * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, ***P < > > C: flp ƒ t. x û m x xk q (, 2002). ù vp v û e x š. û e³ (KS K ) YY type(x, e; 22~28 cm), Y type( ƒx, e; 18~22 cm), type(mx, e; 14~18 cm), type(xƒ x, e; 10~14 cm), type(ƒ ù x, e; 6~10 cm). û x e j P(petite:155~165 cm), R (regular:165~175 cm)x, T(Tall:175~185 cm)x (x, 2003). Table 7 e { û xx. Table 7. xx p s x x p s() jƒ š, ƒ ƒ PYx ƒ. 28 x1 (j ¼ƒ ƒ. (15.73%) ƒx). eƒ ƒ j. x2 x3 x4 Rx (mj ƒ ù x) TPx (j j x) Rx (mx) ¼, xìƒ j. eƒ ƒ š ƒ ù. j»ƒ ƒ. jƒ ƒ jš, j ƒ ƒ j. ƒ ƒ š, t ƒ j. xƒ x. ƒ ƒ jš Ë. t j»ƒ j. t ƒ. ¼ƒ. eƒ mx. 47 (26.40%) 31 (17.42%) 72 (40.45%) x YYx ùkù. x1 jƒ š eƒ 18.0 cm ƒ j p ùkü PY( j ƒx)xš. x2 j m eƒ 8.2 cm ƒ p ùkü R(m j ƒ ù x)x š š. x3 jƒ ƒ jš, Á x p ƒš š, e 12.8 cm xƒ p ƒš TP(j j xƒ š x)x. x4 m j eƒ 14.1 cm m x p š š, Á ƒ x R(mx)x. Table 8 xx s» t. e xx ùküš x1 7.30%, 6.18%, 2.25% s š š, x %, 5.06%, 1.12% ùkþ. x %, 5.06%, 1.69% s. x %, 6.18%, ƒƒ 1.12% s. p ƒ ù x x2 e m t š x4 s. jƒ ƒx x x1 ƒ sš, x4, x2, x3 ùkü. x1 ƒ s š, s ƒ j x3 s ùkû.»» x s ùkü š, s ùk ü p x x
11 { û x 631 Table 8. xx s (: ) x1 (PYx) x2 (Rx) x3 (TPx) x4 (Rx) Total 11 (6.18%) 35 (19.66%) 18 (10.11%) 57 (32.02%) 121 (67.98%) 13 (7.30%) 9 (5.06%) 3 (1.69%) 11 (6.18%) 36 (20.23%) 4 (2.25%) 1 (0.56%) 1 (0.56%) 2 (1.12%) 8 (4.49%) 0 (0%) 2 (1.12%) 9 (5.06%) 2 (1.12%) 13 (7.30%) Total 28 (15.73%) 47 (26.40%) 31 (17.43%) 72 (40.45%) 178 (100%). { v e š x p { e ƒ š ~69 { û 178 d p š, { û x xy p q { x e v» š.. 1. { û ù kþ. eƒ j ùkû. û s³j cmš, cm, cm cm, 174cm ùkû. ¼ ƒ j ùkû t ƒ ¼, j ùkû. ƒ j ùkû. eƒ j. ƒ š ùkû. x j ùkû. Ì ƒ É ùkû. 2. de 1 x Ì s j» ùkü š, 2 x Ì s j» ùkü š, 3 ùkü š, 4 j, ¼ ùkü ùkû, 5 ¼ ¼ ùkü š, 6 j» ùkü ùkû š, 7 t, 8 t ùkü ù kû % xx. x1 s³ jƒ cm ƒ ùkûš, x ƒ ƒ ƒ š ƒ. e 18.0 cm ƒ j p ùkþ PY(j ƒ x)xš. x2 ùk ü 3 j š, j cm j» ùkûš, e 8.2 cm ƒ ùkû ƒ ù x. R(mj ƒ ùx)x. x3 e š ƒ j j cm, ƒ cm, cm x. e 12.8cm xƒ p ƒš TP(jj x)x. x4 t j x š t ƒ x ùkû. j cm xš, eƒ 14.1 cm R( mx)x. 4. xx s x4 x2 s š, x1 ƒ sš x4, x2, x3 ùkü. x1, x3 s ùkû. { û ƒ.» xƒ. { p x e š ƒ y ƒ š. ù ƒ e { tš» š,» x x e ƒ. { x»», y š. z y ƒ y». m x ƒ d».
12 632 z 11«4y, ( ) (KRF C0069) šx, y, x, y. (2006). û e e (1). z, 30(8), (2002). 20 û dxk ey. ³. ½. (1991). x - û -. y. Ÿ, «. (2008). { û k. z, 10(4), , ½,. (1999). xy. y, 72(2), x. (1999).. z, 4(4), (2006). e ql d š(1).»t. pp , ½, û,,,,. (2002). x. :, pp x, y, ½. (2003). sd. :, pp x, Ÿ,,. (2003). {. ³ y, 6, z. (2005) k š.. e. (2006). g. 2009, 6. 20, (2008). zl. 2009, 6. 20, Quinn, M. D., & Chase, R. W. (1990). Design ithout Limits. Philadelphia: Drexel Design Press. Drexel University. p Forschungsinstitut Hohehstein. (1984). ekleidung fuer maennliche Rollstuhlfahrer: Koermasstabellen, Konstruktionsmass-Tabellen, Hineise fuer die Gestaltung der Kleidung. oennigheim. oennigheim. Fashion vom Feinsten: Rolli-Moden. (2000, 6). Herren-Rundschau, p y
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