J Korean Soc Phys Ther Vol.26, No.5, October 2014 The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy plssn elssn X Original articles
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1 J Korean Soc Phys Ther Vol.26, No.5, October 2014 The Journal of Korean Society of Physical Therapy plssn elssn X Original articles 편측뇌성마비아의볼기테이핑이앉은자세에서골반경사및몸통안정성과균형에미치는영향 서혜정 1, 김중휘 2, 최명진 3, 정혜수 3 1 대구가톨릭대학교일반대학원물리치료학과, 2 대구가톨릭대학교의료과학대학물리치료학과, 3 보바스어린이병원물리치료실 The Effects of Gluteal Taping on Pelvic Alignment, Trunk Stability, and Balance during Sitting in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Hye-Jung Seo 1, Joong-Hwi Kim 2, Myung-Jin Choi 3, Hye-Su Jeong 3 1 Department of Physical Therapy, General Graduate School, Catholic University of Daegu, 2 Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine Science, Catholic University of Daegu, 3 Department of Physical Therapy, Bobath Children s Hospital Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gluteal taping on pelvic alignment, trunk stability, and balance during sitting posture in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Thirteen children with unilateral cerebral palsy (six females. seven males; mean age 8.5) participated in this study. All participants were evaluated before and after gluteal taping using an Inclinometer for pelvic lateral inclination, trunk impairment scale (TIS) for trunk stability, and modified functional reaching test for balance during sitting. The collected data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: The results of this study were as follows: 1) Statistically significant decreases in the angle of pelvic lateral inclination were observed after gluteal taping in children with unilateral CP (p<.05). 2) Statistically significant increases in TIS score were observed after gluteal taping (p<.05). 3) Statistically significant increases in the range of reaching during sitting were observed after gluteal taping (p<.05). Conclusion: : In conclusion, this study showed that gluteal taping improves pelvic alignment, trunk stability, and balance during sitting in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Further studies will be required to determine the short- and long-term effects of gluteal taping on improving postural symmetry, trunk stability, and balance. Key Words: Gluteal taping, Pelvic alignment, Trunk stability, Balance, Sitting, Unilateral cerebral palsy Ⅰ. 서론 뇌성마비는미성숙한뇌의병변으로인한운동과자세조절에 장애를일으키는비진행성질환을말한다. 뇌성마비는마비 유형에따라사지마비 (quadriplegia), 삼지마비 (triplegia), Received Sep 11, 2014 Revised Oct 8, 2014 Accepted Oct 14, 2014 Corresponding author Joong-Hwi Kim, charmpt@gmail.com Copylight c 2014 The Korea Society of Physical Therapy This is an Open Access article distribute under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License ( creativecommons.org/license/by-nc/3.0.) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution,and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 양측마비 (diplegia), 반마비 (hemiplegia) 로분류된다. 1 그중 32% 는한쪽팔, 다리및몸통의근육들에서근력약화와강직을보이는반마비장애를갖는다. 2 편측뇌성마비아동은경직, 마비, 감각결손, 협응저하와같은신경학적증상들로인해환측팔다리의효율적인움직임의조절이어렵다. 또한움직임에대한협응과자세조절이불안정하고, 신체협응과운동타이밍제어능력이부족하여, 정상적인일상생활을수행하는데어려움을보인다. 1 반마비환자의임상양상은다양하게나타나지만, 그중에신체좌우의비대칭성이공통적으로나타난다. 반마비환자의골반과다리사이의비대칭적인골반정렬은다리의근위부와 J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
2 Hye-Jung Seo, et al : Effect of Gluteal Taping during Sitting in Hemi CP 몸통안정성에영향을주어정상움직임을원활하게하는일련의기능을제대로수행할수없게한다. 특히골반의비대칭성은기립, 중간선및공간에대한인식능력을어렵게하고척추를똑바로유지할수없으며, 몸통의회전, 몸통과팔다리의분리운동, 체중이동시골반의앞, 뒤운동및균형반응을어렵게한다. 3-5 이러한성인반마비환자와마찬가지로편측뇌성마비아동에서도주로나타나는비대칭적인자세는효과적인자세및균형조절을어렵게하며, 근력약화와같은주요문제점들로인해수의적인움직임을통한운동기능을수행하기어렵게만든다. 6,7 이러한자세조절에중요한역할을하고, 효율적인균형반응을수행하기위해서는몸통의안정성이선행되어야한다. 몸통조절은팔다리움직임을하는동안안정적인기저면을제공하는데필수적이고, 또한손뻗기시에몸통을능동적으로참여하게한다. 8 특히외부의지지가없이앉은자세에서는다른자세와는달리엉덩관절이중간범위에있고, 몸통이상대적으로인대에의해고정하는것이어려워근육활동에의한몸통의안정성이요구된다. 9 경직형뇌성마비의주요임상적특징중하나인근력약화로인해, 뇌성마비아동은정상적인신체정렬을유지할수없어균형능력이저하될뿐만아니라아동의운동기능에도직접적인영향을준다. 10 이로인해뇌성마비치료에서는근력강화를위한다양한재활프로그램이사용되어왔으며, 지금까지뇌성마비아동의근력강화운동에의한긍정적결과중한가지가반마비에서근력의비대칭성이감소되는것이다. 11 근력약화를위한재활치료의한분야로기능적테이핑이이전부터사용되어왔다. 일반적으로기능적테이핑은스포츠손상에서손상된관절을지지하고, 약화된구조를보호하며감각되먹임을증진시키는목적으로사용되어왔으며, 최근에는성인반마비환자에게다양한부위에다양한목적으로사용되기시작하였다 특히 McConnell의연구에서는큰볼기근에테이핑을적용하는볼기테이핑 (Gluteal taping) 이피부자극을주어근육활성도를향상시킬수도있고, 고유수용성감각의민첩성을향상시킬수있으며, 또한엉덩관절폄근의활성을증가시켜골반이넙다리뼈위에안정적으로위치할수있게한다고하였다. 15 이러한볼기테이핑을성인반마비환자에게적용한연구에서는보행시기립단계에서엉덩관절폄이증가되어환측의보행길이가증가되었다고보고하였다. 12 최근소아재활프로그램에서도약화된근육을강화시키고, 관절불안정을조절하고, 자세적정렬을보조하고, 과사용된근육을이완시키기위한목적으로테이핑이사용되고있다. 16 이에본연구에서는뇌성마비아동중신체비대칭이주요문제가되는편측뇌성마비아동을대상으로앉은자세에서신체, 특히골반의대칭을위한중재방법으로볼기테이핑을적용하여골반의대칭성이변화되고, 이로인하여몸통안정성및조절능력, 그리고동적균형에어떠한영향을미칠것인지알아보고자하였다. II. 연구방법 1. 연구대상본연구는 2014년 5월에서 6월까지경기도성남시에소재한보바스어린이병원에서외래를통한치료를하고있는아동중편측뇌성마비로진단받고, 본연구의내용에흥미를보이며, 아동의부모또한참여의사를밝힌아동에한해다음조건에만족하는아동을대상으로하였다. 보조장비없이독립보행가능한아동 (GMFCS 1 level), 연구자의지시를따를수있는정도의인지능력을가진아동, 시각적장애및시야결손, 청각에이상이없는아동, 균형에영향을주는탈구와같은근골격계이상이없고최근몇개월외과적수술및약물투입등을하지않은아동으로하였다. 2. 실험방법 1) 실험절차본연구는선정기준에적합한대상아동의부모에게연구에대한설명을충분히한후자발적참여동의서를작성한후에시작되었다. 사전검사로 13명아동의신체적특성과자세를평가한뒤에골반외측경사각과몸통안정성및동적균형검사를실시하였다. 10분간의휴식뒤에볼기에테이핑을적용한후즉각적으로같은검사를시행하였다. 2) 볼기테이핑 (Gluteal Taping) 2002년 McConnell의연구 15 에서사용된방법을바탕으로선자세에서환측엉덩이에테이핑을적용하였으며, 총 3개의조각으로엉덩이를감싸듯이적용하였다. 첫번째로볼기주름의내측에서시작하여대퇴큰돌기방향으로외측및상측으로당기면서하나를붙이고, 두번째로볼기주름의내측에서시작하여엉덩이위쪽방향으로큰볼기근위로붙이고, 마지막으로두번째테이프위쪽끝부분에서시작하여대퇴결절까지붙였다 (Figure1). 309 J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
3 서혜정외 : 편측뇌성마비아의볼기테이핑이앉은자세에서골반경사및몸통안정성과균형에미치는영향 신뢰도는 , 측정표준편차는 으로신뢰 도가입증되었다. 18 Figure1. Schematic drawing of gluteal taping (3) 동적균형의측정앉은자세에서동적균형을평가하기위해 Modified functional reaching test를사용하여관찰하였다. 이평가도구는안정성의한계를평가할수있는도구로 Katz-Leurer 등 19 의연구에서평가-재평가신뢰도가 으로높은수준으로입증되었다. 대상자를벽옆에 10 cm 떨어진위치에서등받이가있는의자에엉덩관절, 무릎관절, 발목관절이 90 로유지된상태로앉게한다음주먹을쥔상태로어깨를 90 굽힘시킨후팔을바닥에평행한방향으로최대한앞으로뻗게하여셋째손가락의손허리뼈머리끝의이동거리를측정하였다. 같은방법으로팔을 90 외전하여최대한옆으로뻗게하여건측과환측의이동거리를측정하였다. 각 3회씩측정한값의평균을각측정값으로사용하였다. 3) 측정방법 (1) 골반외측경사각의측정앉은자세에서골반의대칭성정도를검사하기위하여 Dualer IQ inclinometer (JTECH medical, USA) 를사용하여골반의외측경사각을측정하였다. 대상자를등받이가없는의자에앉아엉덩관절, 무릎관절, 발목관절이 90 로유지된상태로중립자세를취하고정면을바라보게한상태에서측정하였다. 첫번째센서를의자바닥에두어수평면을기준점이되도록하였으며, 두번째센서는양쪽 PSIS를연결한선에두어골반의외측경사각을측정하였다. 3회반복측정하여평균값을사용하였다. (2) 몸통안정성및조절능력의측정대상자들의앉은자세에서몸통안정성및조절능력을측정하기위해 Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) 을사용하여평가하였다. TIS는 2010년 Saether 와 Jorgensen 17 에의해개발된도구로, 5 12 세의뇌성마비아동을대상으로크게 3가지영역인정적앉기균형및동적앉기균형과몸통의협응조절력을평가하는데목적을두고설계되었다. 세부적으로는정적앉기균형에서는 3개항목, 7점만점, 동적앉기균형에서는 10개항목, 10점만점, 협응조절력에서는 4개항목, 6점만점으로총 17개항목으로구성되어있으며, 총 23점만점으로점수화된다. 평가자내, 평가자간 3. 분석방법자료의분석은 SPSS for Windows (Ver. 19.0) 의통계프로그램을이용하였고, 통계학적유의수준은 0.05로하였다. 연구대상자의연령, 체중, 신장에대한평균값과표준편차를구하였고, 볼기테이핑을적용하기전과후의골반외측경사각, 몸통의안정성및조절능력, 동적균형의차이를비교하기위해짝비교 (paired t-test) 를하였다. III. 연구결과 1. 연구대상자의일반적특성본연구에참여한편측뇌성마비아동의일반적특성을살펴보면, 남자가 7명, 여자가 6명, 손상부위는오른쪽반마비 7명, 왼쪽반마비 6명이었다. 연령은 6에서 11세아동으로평균나이는 8.54세였으며, 표준편차는 1.56세였다. 이중 9세가 6명으로가장많았다. 신장은 103 cm 에서 141 cm로분포되었으며, 평균신장은 cm였으며, 표준편차 cm였다. 몸무게는 15 kg에서 43 kg 으로분포하였으며, 평균체중은 kg, 표준편차는 1.56 kg 이었다. 2. 볼기테이핑적용전 후의골반외측경사각의변화골반외측경사각은볼기테이핑적용전의경우 5.85 에서 J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
4 Hye-Jung Seo, et al : Effect of Gluteal Taping during Sitting in Hemi CP Table 1. The comparison of mean changes for variables between before and after intervention Variation Pre-test Post-test t p Pelvic lat. Tilt ( ) 5.85 ± ± * Trunk Static sitting balance 6.15 ± ± Impairment Dynamic sitting balance 6.23 ± ± * Scale (point) coordination 2.69 ± ± * Total ± ± * Modified forward ± ± * Functional Affected side ± ± * Reaching Test (cm) Non-affected side ± ± * * p<0.05 적용후 2.08 로통계학적으로유의미한차이를보였다 (p<0.05)(table 1). 이러한결과는환측으로기울어진골반이볼기테이핑적용후에골반의외측경사가감소하여골반의정렬이대칭적으로변화한것을의미한다. 3. 볼기테이핑적용전 후의몸통안정성의변화 TIS의총점은볼기테이핑적용전에 15.08점에서적용후 17.54점으로통계학적으로유의한증가를보였다 (p<0.05). 세부적항목의점수를살펴보면, 정적균형에서는적용전 6.15점에서적용후 6.23점으로평균값은조금증가하였으나통계학적인차이는나타나지않았으나 (p>0.05), 동적균형과협응조절력에서는각 6.23점에서 7.23점, 2.96점에서 4.25 점으로통계학적으로유의미한증가를보였다 (p<0.05)(table 1). 4. 볼기테이핑적용전 후의동적균형의변화 Modified functional reaching test 항목중에전방으로손뻗기에서는볼기테이핑적용전에 cm에서적용후 cm로통계학적인유의미한증가가보였으며 (p<0.05), 환측으로손뻗기에서 cm에서 cm로, 건측으로손뻗기에서는 cm에서 cm으로통계학적으로유의미한증가를보였다 (p<0.05)(table 1). IV. 고찰뇌성마비아동들의임상적인특징으로비정상적인근긴장도와이상반사, 비정상적인중추조절기전, 감각운동정보통합작용의손상등으로인하여경직, 신체의비대칭및흔 들림, 관절의변형등이나타난다. 20,21 또한몸통및양측다리의무게중심을체중지지면위에유지하는능력등이감소하여대칭적인자세유지에필요한정위반응과평형반응, 체중부하이동이어렵게된다. 이러한이유로인하여뇌성마비아동들은보행및일상생활동작에심각한기능장애를야기하게된다. 7 특히반마비아동들은신체의편측운동성의상실과시각과감각의손실로인한균형장애등으로자세균형및보행과일상생활에어려움을초래한다. 6,22 그리고, 뇌성마비아동들은출생시에는운동조절의소실이나, 경직으로인한관절운동제한, 평형감각의발달지체등의상위운동신경계의문제점이우세한것으로보이지만성장함에따라근골격계의변형이나문제점이발달하는것을쉽게볼수있다. 7 이중편측뇌성마비아는특징적으로좌우비대칭을가지고있으며, 비대칭적정렬이지속되면서성장함에따라근골격계의변형등이발생할것으로야기된다. 이러한운동장애문제, 즉비대칭적인자세, 비정상적인균형능력, 체중이동능력결함및섬세한기능수행능력제한을통해기립및보행, 일상생활을수행함에있어장애를동반하게된다. 8 소아재활에서중요한치료목적은약화된근육을강화시키고, 능동적인관절범위를질적으로개선시키며, 일상생활활동을아동이독립적으로수행하도록하는데있다. 이러한목적을위해다양한운동프로그램들이사용되고있으며, 최근에는기능적테이핑이약화된근육을강화시키고, 관절불안정을조절하며, 자세적정렬을보조하고, 과사용된근육을이완시키기위한목적으로사용되고있다. 16 이러한테이핑은피부자극을통해근육활성화를개선하거나, 피부에테이프의당김을통해고유감각을개선한다 J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
5 서혜정외 : 편측뇌성마비아의볼기테이핑이앉은자세에서골반경사및몸통안정성과균형에미치는영향 이것은근육섬유방향으로적용된테이핑에의한촉각입력으로중추신경계의흥분성이변화되어근력이강하게활성화되어운동조절능력을변경시킨다고하였다. 특히 McConnell 15 에의해고안된볼기테이핑기술은큰볼기근의근육섬유방향을바꿀수있으며, 또한가는근육미세섬유와굵은근육미세섬유사이의결합을증가시켜잠재적인교차결합의상호작용을증가시킴으로인해큰볼기근이더강력하게수축하도록하여, 엉덩관절폄이증가된다고하였다. 23 이에본연구에서는편측뇌성마비아동의환측엉덩이에볼기테이핑을적용하는것이앉은자세에서골반의대칭성, 몸통의안정성및조절능력그리고동적균형에어떠한영향을미치는지알아보고자하였다. 그결과, 볼기테이핑중재후 TIS평가에서정적균형을제외한골반외측경사각, TIS 평가의동적균형및협응조절력, 그리고 Modified functional reaching test로평가한동적균형에서유의한향상을보였다. 먼저앉은자세에서골반외측경사각의변화를살펴보면, 볼기테이핑적용전의경우평균 5.85 으로골반이비대칭적으로환측으로기울어져있었으나, 볼기테이핑적용후에는평균 2.08 로환측으로기울어진골반의외측경사가적용전에비해대칭적으로올바른정렬에가까워지게됨을알수있었다. 선행연구에서는양측뇌성마비아동들을대상으로균형수행능력을질적으로향상시키기위해서는근육의정상활동을통한관절운동기전을회복시키는것이더욱중요하다고하였다. 10 또한 Crenna와 Inverno 24 는자세장애는자세조절시스템의문제에서기인하기보다는마비에의한비신경적요소들 (non-neural factors) 과같은병리학적요소들에의해나타나는것일수도있다고했다. 본연구에서는이러한비신경적요소에대한접근으로테이핑중재를볼기에적용하였으며, 이러한볼기테이핑중재방법이큰볼기근의수축을도와주어엉덩관절폄이증가된다는선행연구 13,15,23 와같이편측뇌성마비아동의약해진큰볼기근의근활성을도와환측으로기울었던골반외측경사각이보다대칭적으로되었던결과를도출할수있었다고사료된다. 뇌졸중으로인한반마비환자에게몸통근력강화운동은균형능력을향상시키고일상생활동작개선시키는데효과적이라고하였다. 4,25 이것은몸통근력이향상되어몸통의안정성이증가할수록기능적인활동의기본이된다고할수있다. 이에본연구에서도볼기테이핑중재가경직성반마비아동의앉은자세에서몸통안정성에어떠한영향을미치는지알아보고자 TIS 평가도구를사용하여테이핑중재전 후를 비교평가하였으며, 그결과동적균형과협응조절력에서통계학적으로유의하게증가하였으며, 통계학적으로유의하지않았지만정적균형에서도평균값의증가가보였다. 이것은편측뇌성마비아의환측에적용된볼기테이핑으로앉은자세에서몸통안정성이향상되어과제수행에서아동이느끼는안정감및아동의만족도가향상되었음을본연구를통해확인할수있었다. Saether 18 는 GMFCS 단계에서기능이높을수록 TIS 점수가높다는것을발견하였으며, 이는본연구결과에서아동들이높은점수를받게되었던것과일치한다. 그리고본연구대상자모두가 GMFCS 1단계로기능이높은아동들이었기때문에테이핑중재전의 TIS 평가항목중에정적균형점수가이미높게나타났으며, 중재후의평균값비교에서통계적으로유의하게차이가나지않은것으로사료된다. 마지막으로앉은자세에서볼기테이핑적용전 후의동적균형능력을하기위한 Modified functional reaching test 에서는전방으로손뻗기뿐만아니라환측으로, 건측으로손뻗기모두에서통계학적으로유의한증가를보였다. 이는가까운범위로의뻗기에서는눈과손만의협응이필요한반면, 먼범위로의뻗기는눈과손뿐만아니라머리, 그리고몸통의협응이요구된다는선행연구 26 의주장과같이본연구에서적용한볼기테이핑에의해반마비아동의앉은자세에서몸통의안정성이증가되었다는것으로유추할수있었고, 이를통해볼기테이핑이몸통의안정성을증가시킨다는결론을얻을수있었다. 또한테이핑중재후의평균값비교를살펴보면, 건측으로의손뻗기거리의증가량보다환측으로의증가량이많다는것은주목할만한결과이다. 이는볼기테이핑이큰볼기근의수축을도와주어볼기신전이증가된다는이전의연구 13,15 와같이환측볼기에적용한볼기테이핑이환측의볼기근육을활성화시켜앉은자세에서, 특히환측으로의손뻗기시동적균형능력을향상시킬수있었고, 이로인해환측으로의손뻗기의범위가늘어났다고사료된다. 결론적으로본연구결과를통해편측뇌성마비아의환측엉덩이에적용한볼기테이핑에의해엉덩관절폄근이활성화되어앉은자세에서골반의비대칭적인외측경사각을감소시킴으로골반을보다대칭적으로올바른정렬을유지하게도와주고, 몸통안정성에도긍정적인영향을주어동적균형능력을향상시키는데효과적이었다는점을확인할수있었다. 따라서임상에서앉은자세에서의골반비대칭성을감소시키고, 몸통안정성및동적균형능력을향상시키는 J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
6 Hye-Jung Seo, et al : Effect of Gluteal Taping during Sitting in Hemi CP 중재방법으로볼기테이핑이사용하여기능을보다쉽게개 선하는데도움될것이라사료된다. 또한뇌성마비아동의 연령이증가할수록특히, 학령기에는학교생활로인해앉은 자세를취하는시간이많아지는반면, 재활치료는감소되는 경향이있어신체비대칭성이더욱증가될수있다. 이러한 경우에볼기테이핑의중재방법으로편측뇌성마비아의신체 비대칭성의감소및동적균형능력을향상시키는데도움이 될것이라사료된다. 그러나본연구에서는적은인원과특정지역, 특정연령 대를연구대상으로하여모든편측뇌성마비아에게일반 화하여해석하는데어려움이있다. 또한최근 Domagalska 22 의연구에따르면편측뇌성마비아동을환측을과사용하는 군과, 환측을사용하지않는군으로 2 가지유형으로구분하는 경향이있으나, 본연구에서는환측을사용하지않는대상자 로만구성되어폭넓은연구가되지못하였다. 본연구에서 는볼기테이핑중재의즉각적인효과를보았지만, 앞으로의 연구에서는지속적인볼기테이핑중재에의한아동의몸통의 안정성과조절능력, 균형능력에어떠한영향을미치는지를 추적할수있는후속연구가필요하리라사료된다. 참고문헌 1. Jung JH, Kim SK. The effects of interactive metronome on bilateral coordination, balance, and upper extremity function for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy : Single-subject research. Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy. 2013;21(2): Colver A, Sethumadhavan T. The term diplegia should be abandoned. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88(4): Kim GS, Seo HD, Lee BH et al. The effect of core program exercise on dynamic balance of the patient with post-stroke hemiplegia. Journal of oriental rehabilitation medicine. 2010;20(2): Kim EJ, Hwang BY, Kim JH. The effect of core exercises on balance and walking in patients with stroke. J Korean Soc Phys Ther. 2009;21(4): Kim SH, Lee DK, Kim EK. Effect of aquatic exercise on balance and depression of stroke patients. J Korean Soc Phys Ther. 2014;26(2): Domagalska ME, Szopa AJ, Lembert DT. A descriptive analysis of abnormal postural patterns in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Med Sci Monit. 2011;17(2): Rodby-Bousquet E, Czuba T, Hägglund G et al. Postural asymmetries in young adults with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013;55(11): Heyrman L, Desloovere K, Molenaers G et al. Clinical characteristics of impaired trunk control in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(1): Macias ML. Abnormal sitting postures in children with neuromotor disabilities and use of the pelvic corset or molded seat for adaptative sitting. Pediatric Physical Therapy. 1998;10(2): Choi HJ, Nam KW. The effect of weight-support treadmill training on the balance and activity of daily living of children with spastic diplegia. J Korean Soc Phys Ther. 2012;24(6): Shin HK, Chung BI. The effect of functional strengthening exercise on standing balance in a child with cerebral palsy. Physical Therapy Korea. 2001;8(3): Kilbreath SL, Perkins S, Crosbie J et al. Gluteal taping improves hip extension during stance phase of walking following stroke. Aust J Physiother. 2006;52(1): Mostert-Wentzel K, Swart JJ, Masenyetse LJ et al. Effect of kinesio taping on explosive muscle power of gluteus maximus of male athletes: Original research. South African Journal of Sports Medicine. 2012;24(3): Jaraczewska E, Long C. Kinesio taping in stroke: Improving functional use of the upper extremity in hemiplegia. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2006;13(3): McConnell J. Recalcitrant chronic low back and leg pain-a new theory and different approach to management. Man Ther. 2002;7(4): Yasukawa A, Patel P, Sisung C. Pilot study: Investigating the effects of kinesio taping in an acute pediatric rehabilitation setting. Am J Occup Ther. 2006;60(1): Saether R, Jorgensen L. Intra-and inter-observer reliability of the trunk impairment scale for children with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2011;32(2): Saether R, Helbostad JL, Adde L et al. Reliability and validity of the trunk impairment scale in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(7): Katz-Leurer M, Fisher I, Neeb M et al. Reliability and validity of the modified functional reach test at the sub-acute stage poststroke. Disabil Rehabil. 2009;31(3): Graham HK, Selber P. Musculoskeletal aspects of cerebral palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2003;85(2): Oh TY, Kim JH, Lee EJ. The effects of skeletomuscular operation of lower limbs for functional reaching and lower limbs movement in children with spastic dipleagia. The Education Journal for Physical and Multiple Disabilities. 2009;52(2): Domagalska-Szopa M, Szopa A. Body posture asymmetry differences between children with mild scoliosis and children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Biomed Res int. 2013;2013: Morrissey D. Proprioceptive shoulder taping. J Bodywork 313 J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
7 서혜정외 : 편측뇌성마비아의볼기테이핑이앉은자세에서골반경사및몸통안정성과균형에미치는영향 Movement Ther. 2000;4(3): Crenna P, Inverno M. Objective detection of pathophysiological factors contributing to gait disturbance in supraspinal lesions. Motor development in children. London: John Libbey & Company Ltd. 1994: Jang SH, Gong WT, Kim JS. The effect of using trunk control pelvic movement exercise in the sitting and standing positions on the relative impulse of hemiplegic patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2011;23(1): Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Motor control: translating research into clinical practice. 3rd ed. Maryland: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2007; J Korean Soc Phys Ther 2014:26(5):
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