서론 1. 연구대상 1) 정상군 연구대상및방법 2) 성격장애군 526

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1 KISEP Original Articles J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc Vol 39, No 3 국문초국문 연구목적 : 한국판성격장애검사 (Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4+:PDQ-4+) 의신뢰도와 타당도에관한예비적연구 김동인 * 최말례 * 조은정 ** The Preliminary Study of Reliability and Validity on the Korean Version of Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4PDQ-4 Dong In Kim, M.D.,* Mal Rye Choi, M.D.,* Eun Chung Cho, M.A.** 방법 : 결과 : 결론 : 중심단어 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Presbyterian Medical Center, Chonju Department of Psychology, Chonbuk National University, Chonju Corresponding author 525

2 서론 1. 연구대상 1) 정상군 연구대상및방법 2) 성격장애군 526

3 Table 1. Demographic distribution of both general population and personality disorder groups SEX AGE JOB General population groupn540 MARRIAGE Personality disorder groupn39 Male Female Housewife Doctor Nurse Officer Officeperson Student None Married Unmarried Bereavement Divorce EDUCATION 6 years years years years years RELIGION 18 years Protestant Buddhism Catholicism Others & None Frequency% Table 2. Distribution of clinical diagnosis of patients in the personality disorder group 1st testno 2nd testno Paranoid PD 4 3 Schizoid PD 2 2 Schizotypal PD 1 0 Antisocial PD 2 1 Borderline PD 3 2 Histrionic PD 4 2 Narcissistic PD 2 1 Avoidant PD 5 3 Dependent PD 4 2 Obsessive-Compulsive PD 6 3 Depressive PD 3 1 Negativistic PD 3 1 Total39 Total21 2. 연구도구 1) 성격장애측정도구 (PDQ-4+) 527

4 2) PDQ-4+ 의문항구성 3) 채점방법 3. 연구방법및절차 1) 문항번안 2) 연구절차 3) 통계처리 1. 신뢰도 결 과 528

5 Table 3. Internal consistensy of PDQ-4 Categories of PDs Cronbach a Total.9141 Paranoid PD.5687 Schizoid PD.4007 Schizotypal PD.5684 Antisocial PD.5018 Borderline PD.5993 Histrionic PD.5512 Narcissistic PD.4943 Avoidant PD.6693 Dependent PD.6516 Obsessive-Compulsive PD.4357 Depressive PD.6444 Negativistic PD.6201 Too Good.2994 Suspect Questionnaire.0542 Table 4. Split-half reliability of PDQ-4 Item No Mean SD Split-half reliability Odd items ** Even items **p.01 Table 5. Test-retest reliability of PDQ-4 No Mean SD Test-retest reliability 1st Test ** 2nd Test **p 타당도 고 찰 529

6 Table 6. Correlation of item score of subscale and mean of subscale of PDQ-4 Item No/C.c* Item No/C.c* Item No/C.c* Item No/C.c* Paranoid PD Schizoid PD Schizotypal PD Antisocial PD ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 9.416** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 8.342** Borderline PD Histrionic PD Narcissistic PD Avoidant PD ** 4.614** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 1.551** ** ** 5.401** ** ** ** ** ** ** 6.382** Dependent PD Ob-Com PD** Depressive PD Negativistic PD ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** 3.444** ** ** 2.520** ** ** ** ** ** ** 7.416** ** ** Too good Suspect questionnaire ** ** ** ** ** ** C.c*Correlation coefficient Ob-Com PD**Obsessive-Compulsive PD **p

7 Table 7. Group difference of the total scores between general population group and personality disorder group Group No Mean SD t-value df Probability General population Personality disorder

8 Table 8. Frequency of above 30 of total scores in general population group and personality disorder group Group Total no Above 30 of total scoresno Percentage% General population Personality disorder Table 9. Frequency of total scores in general population group and personality disorder group Total scores No of general population group% No of personality disorder group% Above % 39100% Above % % Above % % 감사의글 532

9 참고문헌 1) Blashfield RK, Breen MJ(1989):Face validity of the DSM-Ⅲ-R personality disorders. Am J Psychiatry 146: ) Widiger TA, Trull TJ, Hurt SW, et al(1987):a multidimensional scaling of the DSM-Ⅲ personality disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44: ) American Psychiatric Association(1987):Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(3rd edn, revised)(dsm-Ⅲ-r). Washington, DC:APA American Psychiatric Association(1994):Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(4th edn)(dsm-Ⅳ). Washington, DC:APA 4) World Health Organization(1979):International Classification of Diseases 9th revision. Geneva: WHO World Health Organization(1992):The ICD-110 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders. Geneva:WHO 5) Tyrer P(1988), Alexander P(1979):Classification of personality disorder. Br J Psychiatry 135: ) Mann A, Jenkins R, Cutting JC, et al(1981):the development and use of a standardised assessment of abnormal personality. Psychological Medicine 11: ) Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M, et al(1990): Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅲ-R. Washington, DC:American Psychiatric Press 8) Pfohl B, Stangl D, Zimmerman M(1982):The Structured Interview for Personality Disorders SID-O. Iowa City:University of Iowa 9) Loranger AW, Susman VL, Oldham JM, et al (1985):Personality Disorder Examination(PDE) A Structured Interview for DSM-Ⅲ Personality Disorder Diagnosis. New York, White Plains NewYork 10) Hyler SE, Reider RO(1987):Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised. New York, New York State Psychiatric Institute 11) Skodol AE, Oldham JM, Rosnick L, et al(1991): Diagnosis of DSM-Ⅲ-R personality disorders:a comparison of two structured interviews. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research 1: ) Zimmerman M(1994):Diagnosing personality disorders:a review of issues and research methods. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51: ) Hyler, Skodol, Oldham JM, et al(1992):validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-revised: A replication in an outpatient sample. Comprehensive Psychiatry 33: ) 채영래 (1995): 한국판성격장애검사 (PDQ-R): 신뢰도와타당도검증. 신경정신의학 34: ) Hyler SE(1998):Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Ⅳ. New York. New York State Psychiatric Institute 16) Reich JH(1989):Update on instruments to measure DSM-Ⅲ and DSM-Ⅲ-R Personality Disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 177: ) American Psychiatric Association(1994):Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn)(dsm-Ⅳ). Washington, DC:APA:630 18) Dowson J(1992):Assessment of DSM-Ⅲ-R Personality disorder by Self report Questionnaire. Br J Psychiatry 161: ) Hyler SE, Skodol AE, Kellman HD, et al(1990): Validity of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire- Revised:Comparison with two Structured Interviews. Am J Psychiatry 147: ) Reich J, Yatcs W, Nduaguba M(1989):Prevalance of DSM-Ⅲ personality disorders in the community. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 24: ) Zimmerman M, Coryell WH(1990):Diagnosing personality disorder in the community:a comparison of self report and interview measures. Archives of General Psychiatry 47: ) Hunt C, Andrews G(1992):Measuring personality disorder:the use of self-report Questionnaires. Journal of Personality Disorder 6(2):

10 ABSTRACT J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc Vol 39, No 3, May, 2000 The Preliminary Study of Reliability and Validity on the Korean Version of Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4PDQ-4 Dong In Kim, M.D., Mal Rye Choi, M.D., Eun Chung Cho, M.A. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Presbyterian Medical Center, Chonju ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and the validity of the Korean version of Personality Disorder Questionnaire-4PDQ-4. MethodsPDQ-4 was administered to 540 subjects of general population group and 37 subjects of personality disorder group. For measuring concurrent reliability, we tested internal consistency, splithalf reliability, test-retest reliability and correlation of item score of subscale and mean of subscale. And also, we performed factor analysis for the evaluation of validity, and t-test to group difference of the total scores between general population group and personality disorder group. ResultsIn general population group and personality disorder group, internal consistency was above.500range of Cronbach alpha.4007 to.6693 in most of the Personality disorder categories. Split-half reliability was.839 between even and odd items. Test-retest reliability done 2 weeks interval was.868. Item scores of subscales and mean of subscales showed high correlation coefficient. Group difference of the total scores between general population and personality disorder group showed very significant differencet9.146, df76, p.000. ConclusionThe PDQ-4 shows a reasonable degree of reliability and validity and could be a valuable tool in screening for overall personality disturbances. KEY WORDSPDQ-4 Personality disorder Reliability Validity. 534

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1. 연구대상 연구방법 2. 측정도구 3. 명상법소개및연구절차 492 KISEP Original Articles 38 3 1999 J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc Vol 38, No 3 명상이정서상태에미치는효과 * 이정호 ** 김영미 ** 최영민 ** The Effect of Meditation on Depression and Anxiety* Jung-Ho Lee, M.D.,** Young-Mee Kim,