11 1 (2002 ), pp. 168~19,,,,,..,,..,.,,,,,. BK.,.,,.. 169
2002 ( 11 1 ). 1987. 1997 IMF. (2001 212), 50,., (, 1986),.,.,, (, 1999, 2000). 1),. (dual legitimacy). (divided government) (stalemate or gridlock),.,.. 1 ) 1) (historical institutionalism) (rational choice institutionalism) (Thelen and Steinmo, 1992).,.,,...,.,. 170
/,,..,.. 1. -, (parliamentary sovereignty). (parliamentary government), (presidential government) (Lijphart, 1992). D. Waldo (1948),, (administrative state), (, 1996). 2 (bureaucratic state), (welfare state), (developmental state),, (, 2001 246-322)..,, (Institutionalized Administrative State) (, 2000) 171
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/,,,,.?. 2.,,,. ( )... (divided government),, (Sartori, 1997 83-100)., (dual democratic legitimacy)" (Linz, 1994 3-87). ( ).,.,.,.,.,. 5) 5) (Financial Times, 2000. 5. 30), (Financial Times, 2001. 6. 7). 175
2002 ( 11 1 ), [ ] (Linz, 1994 7)..,. 6),. 7) (Lijphart, 1999 127-129),. (partisan power), (Mainwaring and Shugart, 1997). ( )., (divided government).. 3.,,.,. (2001), 6) Linz (rigidity), (1994 8-10). 7) Riggs (1988), 2 33, 1945-1985., 43 2/3.,. 176
/,,,.,,. < 1>. < 1> - (2001, 4) (ideal type).. 1),. 8) Sartori (ideological unprincipleness), (weak and undisciplined parties), (localitycentered politics) (1997 89). (policy coalition). (pork-barrel) (log-rolling).,. Neustadt (1980), 8),. (Aberbach and Rockman, 1999 Coleman, 1999). (Mayhew, 1991 Peterson and Greene, 1993). 177
2002 ( 11 1 ), ( ) (power to persuade),..,. 2) (dual executive system).,.., (cohabitation). 9),, ( ). ( ) (Safran, 1995 161-200).. 10) Shugart and Carey (1992 56-58),,. 9),. 10) EU. 178
/,,. 11). 3). (cross voting) (party voting) (, 2001).. 3,,, DJP (, 2001). (party government) (, 2001 9 1999 269).,,.,. (, 1999 36, 1989, 1986).,. 11),. Kovac Miciar 14 (Hague, Harrop, and Breslin, 1998, 211-215). 179
2002 ( 11 1 ) (coattail effect).,., Mainwaring and Shugart (1997) (partisan power).. 1. 1987, 3.. ( ) 2. 12) 2, 5.16. 4 (, 1998 40-68).,.,,. 12),. 180
/,,. 1/3 ( ) 4. 5, 1/3 2/3 (, 1998 11).., 3 1963. ( ) 13), (, 2000, 1996 192-200)..,,., (, 1998 48). 5,.,.,. 2. 1987 1) 6 3 1987 13)..,,. 3 1966 150 1,500 (, 1996 192-200). 181
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/,,. 21,. 14. 1996 4 11 15. 15 299 11 139 6. 4 18,,.,,. (, 2000 5-6, 1996). 139 158,. 6,,. 3) 1997... 293 77 (26.3%), 43 (14.7%) 120 (41%), 161 (54.9%). 8 (2.7%) 4 (1.4%).. 183
2002 ( 11 1 ),. 6,, IMF 2 (, 1999, 1998).,. 1998 4 5 8 29 6, 18 105. 11 54. 159 (53.5%), 6 10..,.,.,,.., (coalition government)., DJP. (, 2001). 15. 184
/,,,..,.,.,,.,,,, < 2 >. < 2> 1987 + 1/3 ( ) + 2/3 3 / +,.. 185
2002 ( 11 1 ).,...,., (the political executive).,,..,.,.,, (bureaucratic politics).,, (Allison and Halperin, 1972)., 186
/,,,.,.,.. 1,..,,.., -,.,,.,,,,. 187
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