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1. 공연권이란저작자가자신의저작물을공연할권리로공연이란저작물또는실연 음반 방송을상연, 연주, 가창, 구연, 낭독, 상영, 재생등의방법으로공중에게공개하는것을의미하며, 여기에는그러한공연물을녹음또는녹화한것을재생하여공중에게공개하는것도포함됨 ( 저작권법제2조제3호 ) 참고공연저작권료의구성 공연저작권료는 1공연사용료 ( 저작권자에게지불 ) 와 2공연보상금 ( 실연자및음반제작자에게지불 ) 으로구성되며, 구성공연사용료공연보상금공연보상금 지급대상 저작권자 ( 작사 작곡 편곡자등 ) 실연자 ( 가수, 연주자등 ) 음반제작자 ( 기획사, 제작사등 ) 결정방법 신탁관리단체의 < 사용료징수규정 > 을문화체육관광부장관이승인 당사자간협의에의하되, 협의불성립시문체부장관이고시 ( 공연사용료의 50% 수준에서결정 ) 좌동 통상총공연보상금액은공연사용료와동일한수준으로결정 2. 세계무역기구-무역관련지식재산권협정 (WTO-TRIPS), 한-EU 자유무역협정 (FTA) 등의 예외적제한 국제규범과달리우리는반대급부없는상업용음반재생공연권의원칙적제한, 일부시설예외적으로인정하고있음. 이에, 국내학계와권리자단체등은현행저작권법개정을통한공연권행사범위를확대를지속적으로요구해왔으며, 266

유럽연합 (EU) 측도우리공연권제한규정이한-EU 자유무역협정 (FTA) 과세계무역기구 (WTO) 협정을위반하고있음을지적하며분쟁절차개시가능성을언급하는등국제적분쟁의소지가있어온바, 창작자의권익보장과국제조약이행등을위해공연권행사범위를일부확대하는것임. 3. 현행저작권법규정에따르면저작권법시행령제11조에서정한시설에서만권리자가공연권을행사할수있음. 기존에도단란주점, 스키장, 에어로빅장, 대형마트등에서는공연권료를납부하고있었으며, 이번저작권법시행령제11조개정을통해예외적으로공연권을행사할수있는시설 ( 업종 ) 을확대한것임. 음악의중요도가높은 커피전문점등비알코올음료점, 생맥주전문점및기타주점, 체력단련장 을포함하고, 유통산업발전법상 대규모점포 (3,000m2이상 ) 중기존징수대상에서제외되었던 복합쇼핑몰, 그밖의대규모점포 를추가하였음 ( 전통시장은제외 ). ( 공연권범위확대업종 ) 분류 ( 시행령제11조 ) 기존공연저작권료징수대상공연권확대신규업종 1. 식품위생법 단란주점 유흥주점 2. 한국마사회법 경마장 경륜장 경정장 3. 체육시설의설치 이용에관한법률 4. 항공법, 해운법, 철도사업법 5. 관광진흥법 6. 유통산업발전법 골프장 스키장 에어로빅장 무도장 무도학원 전문체육시설 여객용항공기 해상여객운송 사업용선박 여객용열차 호텔 휴양콘도 카지노 유원시설 대형마트 백화점 전문점 쇼핑센터 커피전문점 기타비알코올음료점 생맥주전문점 기타주점 체력단련장 복합쇼핑몰 그밖의대규모점포 * ( 전통시장제외 ) 267

4. 주요업종의음악사용실태조사및경제적분석 ( 16. 10.~ 17. 2.) 결과 * 를반영하여음악이영업과밀접한업종과, 음악사용률 : 비알코올음료업점 97.5%, 기타주점업 81.8%, 스포츠시설운영업 76.7% 공연권제한으로저작권자이익침해가능성이높은대규모시설을중심으로저작권법시행령개정을개정안을마련하고, 주요이해관계자와의충분한의견수렴과협의를거쳐최종적으로선정하였음. 5. 한국음악저작권협회와함께하는음악저작인협회저작권사용료징수규정 ( 18. 3. 개정 ) 을보면해당업장의공연사용료를알수있음. 음료및주점업 ( 카페, 호프집등 ) 의경우 50m2이상의경우에만면적별로월 2,000원에서 10,000원까지차등해서공연사용료가부과됨. 따라서약 15평미만의소형가게들은여전히징수대상에서제외될것임. 다만, 동징수규정상의요율은공연사용료 ( 작사 작곡가등저작권자에게지불 ) 에해당하며공연보상금 ( 실연자및음반제작자에게지불 ) 은한국음악실연자연합회와한국음반산업협회를통해별도로청구될예정이며, 통상총공연보상금액은공연사용료와동일한수준으로결정됨. 공연권확대 ( 18.8.23. 시행 ) 에따른저작권료징수예상금액 1 음료점및주점업 ( 최저월정액 4,000원부터최고 20,000원 ) 등급 영업허가면적 총액 ( 월 ) 사용료 ( 월 ) 보상금 ( 월 ) 비고 - 50m2미만 면제 1 50m2 ~ 100m2미만 4,000 2,000 2,000 2 100m2 ~ 200m2미만 7,200 3,600 3,600 3 200m2 ~ 300m2미만 9,800 4,900 4,900 4 300m2 ~ 500m2미만 12,400 6,200 6,200 5 500m2 ~ 1,000m2미만 15,600 7,800 7,800 6 1,000m2이상 20,000 10,000 10,000 농어촌지역의읍면단위에서는 1 등급씩하향적용 (1 등급제외 ) 268

2 체력단련장 (11,400 원 ~ 59,600 원 ) 등급 영업허가면적 총액 ( 월 ) 사용료 ( 월 ) 보상금 ( 월 ) 비고 - 50m2미만 면제 1 50m2 ~ 100m2미만 11,400 5,700 5,700 2 100m2 ~ 200m2미만 22,000 11,000 11,000 3 200m2 ~ 300m2미만 28,800 14,400 14,400 4 300m2 ~ 500m2미만 37,000 18,500 18,500 5 500m2 ~ 1,000m2미만 46,400 23,200 23,200 6 1,000m2이상 59,600 29,800 29,800 3 복합쇼핑몰 기타대규모점포 농어촌지역의읍면단위에서는 1 등급씩하향적용 (1 등급제외 ) - 기존대규모점포 ( 대형마트 전문점 백화점 쇼핑센터 ) 에적용하던징수규정을그대로적용하여최저월정액 ( 사용료 ) 80,000원 ( 영업장면적 3,000m2이상 5,000m2미만 ), 다만전통시장은규모와상관없이제외 6. 저작권은권리의다발 (bundle of rights) 로저작권법에서규정하고있는것은복제권, 공연권, 공중송신권 ( 방송, 전송, 디지털음성송신 ), 전시권, 배포권, 대여권, 2차적저작물작성권이있으며, 이러한권리들은개별적으로행사가가능하기에저작권자는복제권또는전송권만을허락할수있음. 권리자는 CD 판매를위해복제, 배포를허락하거나음원서비스사업자에게복제, 전송 ( 또는디지털음성송신 ) 권한만을부여했을뿐이지매장에서그음원을트는행위 ( 공연권, 저작권법에서는이처럼음원을재생하여불특정다수인에게공개하는것을공연으로정의 ) 에대하여는허락하지않았으므로권리자의허락없이불특정다수인이들을수있도록매장에서음원을트는것은저작권자의공연권을침해할수있다는것임. 따라서, 서비스비용과별도로권리자에게공연권에대한이용허락을받고사용료를납부해야하는것으로, 이중징수가아닌지금까지보장받지못했던창작자의권리를보장해주는것임. 269

( 참고 : 음악저작권의종류 ) 복제권공연권공중송신권배포 대여권 음악을복제할수있도록허락할권리음악을공연할수있도록허락할권리방송, 스트리밍등을통해음악을제공할수있는권리원본혹은복제물을대가를받거나받지않고양도및대여할수있는권리 2 차적저작물작성권원저작물을바탕으로독창적인저작물로제작하고이용할수있도록하는권리 7. 음원을불특정다수인에게공개하는권리 ( 공연권 ) 를저작권으로인정하는이유는이를인정하지않으면무상으로음원을들을수있는기회가많아져음반판매가줄어들게됨으로써저작권자의이익이침해될수있다는우려때문임. 8. 저작권법은저작권자의공연권을보호하는한편, 상업용음반에대해이용자가자유롭게이용할수있도록하는규정도두어저작권자와이용자의균형을고려하고있음. 저작권법제29조제2항의해석상영업장에서배경음악으로상업용음반을재생하는경우점포이용객들은당해공연에대한반대급부, 즉돈을지급하는것이아니기때문에상업용음반을재생하는것이가능함. 다만, 저작권법제29조제2항에는이러한이용자의자유로운이용에대한예외를두어저작권자의공연권을보호하는단서조항이있으며, 동법시행령제11조규정에열거되어있는단란주점, 유흥주점, 경마장, 대규모점포 ( 대형마트, 백화점, 쇼핑센터등 ] 등의업종에서는상업용음반재생은제한되며, 이에따라신탁관리단체는징수규정을두고공연사용료를부과하고있음. 270

또한, 17. 8. 22. 저작권법시행령제11조가개정되어공연권이확대됨에따라 18. 8. 23. 부터커피전문점, 생맥주전문점, 체력단련장등에서배경음악으로사용하기위해상업용음반을재생하는경우, 음악저작재산권자가공연권행사를통해정당한보상을받는것이가능해지게되었음. 9. 공연권확대시행에따른시장부담증가등충격완화를위해 50m2 ( 약 15평 ) 미만영업장은공연권확대대상에서제외한바, - 국내음료 주점업의경우약 40% 가 50m2미만영업장에해당하여자영업자에대한부담이상당부분경감될것으로예상 국내음료 주점업면적기준사업체수 총사업체수 30 m2미만 50 m2미만 66 m2미만 비알코올음료점업 55,693 개 (100%) 9,749 개 (17.5%) 24,891 개 (44.6%) 31,592 개 (56.7%) 주점업 98,040 개 (100%) 10,128 개 (10.3%) 42,913 개 (43.7%) 56,565 개 (56.7%) [ 출처 : 통계청서비스산업총조사, 2014] 또한, 4개음악분야신탁관리단체와합의하여제도초기임을고려하여유사업종에적용되는징수요율대비낮은수준으로책정하였음. 10. 지난해공연권범위확대에따른공연사용료책정은 업종별음악사용실태조사등연구용역, 이해관계자대상의견수렴, 한국저작권위원회심의결과등을반영하여결정된것으로, - 소규모영세사업자의부담을최소화하고시장충격을완화하기위하여권리자단체와합의 * 한사항중하나임. 소규모 (50m2미만) 영업장징수제외, 기존보다낮은저작권료책정, 통합징수, 1년유예기간등 271

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23. 한국음악저작권협회는 160여개프랜차이즈업체에지난 5~7년간의공연사용료를지급하라는문서를보낸것으로알고있음. 이는, 2016년 8월하이마트와한국음악저작권협회간소송에서당시공연사용료의징수대상에포함되어있지않았기때문에손해배상소송으로제기가되었고, 하이마트가허락을받지않고음악을틀었기때문에그만큼손해가발생했다고보아 5년 (2009~2014년) 간의공연사용료 9억4000여만원을지급하라는판결을근거로한것임. 24. 신탁관리단체 사무실번호 누리집 ( 사 ) 한국음악저작권협회 ( 사용료 ) 02-2660-0532~4 www.komca.or.kr ( 사 ) 함께하는음악저작인협회 ( 사용료 ) 02-333-8766 www.koscap.or.kr ( 사 ) 한국음악실연자연합회 ( 보상금 ) 02-2659-6947 www.fkmp.kr ( 사 ) 한국음반산업협회 ( 보상금 ) 02-3270-5956 www.riak.or.kr 277

Q&A 2016 12 ( ) ( ) [ :52852] 19(LH 1,3,5 ) [ :04323] 107( 5,16 ) 1800-5455( ) http://www.copyright.or.kr ISBN 978-89-6120-332-6 ISBN 978-89-6120-038-7 ( ) * ( ).