Emerging/re-emerging infectious diseases 1996 to 2001 Legionnaire s Disease Cryptosporidiosis Lyme Borreliosis Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Dengue haemhorrhagic fever E.coli O157 BSE nvcjd West Nile Virus Reston virus Lassa fever Yellow fever Buruli ulcer Ebola haemorrhagic fever Cholera Multidrug resistant Salmonella E.coli non-o157 Malaria West Nile Fever Typhoid Echinococcosis Cholera 0139 RVF/VHF O nyong-nyong fever Human Monkeypox Cholera Diphtheria Equine morbillivirus E.coli O157 Dengue haemhorrhagic fever Influenza A(H5N1) Nipah Virus Reston Virus Ross River virus Hendra virus
United States: E. coli O157 Food recall / destruction Periodic United States: Anthrax US$? million 2001 Peru: Cholera US$ 770 million 1991 United Kingdom: BSE US$ 9 billion 1990 1998 UR Tanzania: Cholera US$ 36 million 1998 Malaysia: Nipah virus Pig destruction US$ 540 millio 1999 India: Plague US$ 2 billion 1994 Hong Kong SAR: influenza A (H5N1) Poultry destruction US$ 22 million 1997 & 2001
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Distribution of caes by imorted and HW Imported HW 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 UK Gemany Tailand France Swiss Sweden Macao India Indonesia Italy Quwait Malysia NewZealand Irland ROK Rumania S Africa Spaine USA Ausralia Pilipine Mongole Canada Vietnam Singapore Teiwan imported case(%) HW(%)
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1 (Quarantine) (Isolation) SARS SARS :: ::,,,,,,
*Case 1 = 1; Case 2 = 6; Case 3 = 35; Case 4 = 130; and Case 5 = 127. Excludes 28 cases with either no or poorly defined direct contacts or who were cases translocated to Singapore with no further secondary transmission. MMWR 2003;52:405
) 1 st Cluster
(Based on a retrospective study from three major Hospitals in Guangzhou) Feb March April 2002 (AP) 112 115 140 2003(SARS) 720 320 180 Diagnosis clinically based Patients with atypical pneumonia may be misdiagnosed as having SARS
Joseph Malik Peiris was born in Sri Lanka, and graduated from the University of Ceylon in 1972. He then went to the UK, where he completed his DPhil at the University of Oxford in 1981 followed by his MRCPath at the Royal College of Pathologists in 1982. He returned to Sri Lanka and set up the first virology laboratory at the University of Peradeniya. He returned to the UK in 1988, and worked as a consultant virologist at the Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle Upon Tyne.(The Lancet Infectious Diseases website)
Coronaviruses, Hosts and Diseases Antigenic Group Virus Host Respiratory Enteric Other I HCoV-229E human X TGEV pig X PRCoV pig X FIPV cat X X X FECoV cat X CCoV dog X II HCoV-OC43 human X?? MHV mouse X X X RCoV rat X X HEV pig X X BCoV cattle X X III IBV chicken X X TCoV turkey X
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< Military Staffs in Quarantine Station>
Respirator : 13 EA Mask : 750 thousands Goggle : 150 thousands Protective Closing : 300 thousands <Personal Protective Equipment>
242 Health Center : Primary Fever Screening Center 13 SARS Hospital : Isolation <Designated SARS Hospital>
<Guideline> <Serious face of Audiences>
Continuing Medical Education hosted by Korean Medical Association
<Quarantine station> <Poster> < Pamphlet>
SARS HOME Page http://dis.mohw.go.kr/sars_index.asp
At Entrance : 13 National Quarantine Stations
사스 입국검역설문서 징구 Symptom & Sign of SARS Address, Telephone/CP No. 82
<Korean> <English> <Chinese>
Transient fever patient isolation room in Quarantine Station Health examination of fever patient in Quarantine Station
Transfer of suspect /probable case
: 4,161 2,281, 101, 341, 183, 1,255 : 574,458 260,579, 94,882, 62,183, 26,006, 130,808 - : 328 - : 498,695 - : 42 - : 273,911 - : 19 - : 378,980 - : 2 - : 1 5 - : 1,825 - : 200
Busy Hospital Early Detection and Isolation Infection Control Prevention of Hospital Infection Prevention of Community Spread Hand Washing Education
National Quarantine Station Internet NIH Internet Provincial HA Internet, FAX Internet Municipal HC Internet, FAX Telephone, CP, Direct visit Arrivals
Hospital of Infection Experts group NIH Data analysis Feedback Data analysis ER Info.Center Report Internet DB Server* Provincial HA Data analysis Case investigation Emergency Room *Web-based daily reporting system Feedback Specimen refer Municipal HC Data analysis Outbreak investigation
Result of Countermeasures Quarantine station Surveillance and Tracking
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SEIR
1850 1847 42 1900 1889 1918 29 39 30 40 1950 1957 1968 11 2000 35
Year Country/area Domestic birds affected Strain 1959 Scotland chicken H5N1 1963 England turkey H7N3 1966 Ontario(Canada) turkey H5N9 1976 Victoria(Australia) chicken H7N7 1979 Germany chicken H7N7 1979 England turkey H7N7 1983 1985 Pennsylvania(USA)* chicken,turkey H5N2 1983 Ireland turkey H5N8 1985 Victoria(Australia) chicken H7N7
Year Country/area Domestic birds affected Strain 1991 England turkey H5N1 1992 Victoria(Australia) chicken H7N3 1994 Queensland(Australia) chicken H7N3 1994 1995 Mexico* chicken H5N2 1994 Pakistan* chicken H7N3 1997 NewSouthWales(Australia) chicken H7N4 1997 HongKong(China)* chicken H5N1 1997 Italy chicken H5N2 1999 2000 Italy* turkey H7N1 2002 HongKong(China) chicken H5N1 2002 Chile chicken H7N3 2003 Netherlands* chicken H7N7