군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 : 사이버전문사관을중심으로 심재용 *, 김병조 ** 1) Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 사이버전문인력의중요성및주요국사례 Ⅲ. 사이버전문사관현황과한계점분석 Ⅳ. 군사이버전문인력운영정책발전방안 Ⅴ. 결론 Abstract Suggestion for Management Policy of Cyber Professionals in Military Cyberspace is a kind of battlefield and recruitment of cyber warriors is keenly focused in many nations. People who has technical knowledge can conduct cyber war, so the demand for well-educated cyber professionals is sharply increasing these days. Therefore, the Korea Ministry of Defense started a new recruiting system for cyber warrior, which is titled Professional officers in cyber-technology. But this system encountered some issues, caused by inadequacy of human resource management. This paper suggests several strategies for solving these problems; setting up a human resource management model for cyber professionals, making a new branch in the military, establishing certification system, inducing social support for cyber professionals. Key Words : Cyber warrior, Professional officers in cyber-technology, HR management *,, genesims@add.re.kr **,, bjkk@kndu.ac.kr
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) Ⅰ. 서론 ( 超 ). 2018 0.98 ( ) 18 ( 超低出産 ) 1), 2019 65 14.8%( ) 2030 ( 超高齢化 ) 2)., (IoT), (Hyperconnected Society), ( 超格差 ) 2018.,,.,..,. ( ),., 1) OECD 2.1, 1.3 2) UN 65 20%, 14%, 7% 104
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언, 2014, 2012., 2016.,.,.. 4,. 80.,. 3), ADD 4),.,. 3),, 2017.10.12. 4) () 8, ADD 9. 105
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) Ⅱ. 사이버전문인력의중요성및주요국사례 1. 사이버분야의중요성과사이버위협의현실화 (Cyberspace), (, 2015).,,., ICT (Information and Communications Technologies) OECD 40, 2018 95% 5) ITU ICT, 6) UN, 7) 8) 10 1~4.,. ICT,. Deloitte(2016) 1., 2008 ~2012 5 7, 9) (2016:, 2016 ) 5) Pew research(2018) 6) ICT: ITU, Measuring the information society. ICT,, 7) UN, United Nation E-Government survey. ICT 8) UN, United Nation E-Government survey. 9) 2008 7,965, 2009 10,659, 2010 21,245, 2011 16,905, 2012 16,256 73,030 106
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 (1 7 ) 2 (3 6 ). ICBM( IoT, Cloud, Big Data, Mobile) (, 2014).. 1990 EMP (Electro Magnetic Pulse),., NCW(Network Centric Warfare).,.,, 5 ( - ),. < 1>. < 표 1> 주요사이버전사례 () (1991) (1999) (2003) (2007), (EMP) NATO,, CIA,,,, 2 107
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) () (2008) (2010) - (2014) *: (2016.03.15), 1000,,,,.,. (2015) 2003 11 1. < 2>. < 표 2> 북한의대남사이버공격사례 () 2009.07 PC 11 5 36 DDos 2011.03 DDos(,, IT 40 ) 2011.04 2013.03, 6 2013.06 DDos(, 155 ) 2014.12 -, 2015.10 1~4 2016.01 2016.01 2016.03 2016.04 ( ) 2016.05 ( ) / 1,030 2016.09 ( ) *: (2016); (2017) 108
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언. (, 2018). 2. 사이버전문인력확보의중요성 (, 2016).,. (2012) 1 2 IT 3 4 4. (2012),. (2014) -, -,,,,. (2016) 5.,,. 109
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ),., ( ), (2016), (). 2016~2020 7 ( 5 ).,, /. 2018 (, 2018).,,.. 2012 (, ), 2015 ( ), 2017,. (, 2018)., 2010,. 110
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 3. 타국가사이버분야인력현황과획득정책. ().,.,,.,. < 3>. < 표 3> 주요국사이버인력현황 (2012) 121 /3 (2013) (2014) (2015) (2017) / 5 / 8, 6 8200/ 7 /1,700, 4,200 6 6,800 (2016 ) 61398 / ~ 4 /130,000 18 () 2 5 () 111
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) Nichols on & Gibbs (2017) Cyber Mission Force / 6,200,. 가. 미국 (NICE: National Initiative for Cyber security Education), 2012. NICE 20 (,,,, ) ()., US Cyber Challenge 1, ( A) (, 2012). (JTF-GNO: The Joint Task Force for Global Network Operations) (JFCC-NW: Joint Functional Component Command for Network Warfare) 2010 5 (USSTRATCOM: U.S. Strategic Command) (USCYBERCOM: U.S. Cyber Command),. 5 (, 2018)., (Computer Science) (Information Technology) 112
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 (, 2017). (Cyber Science), (Cyber Security) (, 2017). /(Computer and Network Security) (, 2017). 10), CMF(Cyber Mission Force) CPF(Cyber Protection Team), NMF(National Mission Forces), CMF(Combat Mission Forces) 133 6,200. 2014, 2015 355 (Cyber Operation Officer-17A), 205 (Cyber Operation Technician-170A), 700 (Cyber Operation Specialist) (Tice, 2015). 나. 이스라엘 770, 2., (GDP) (R&D) 1, 1 1, 3 94 (2017 ) 11). (ICT). 312, (GDP) 12% 30%.,,, - (, 2016). 10) DOD Cyber Strategy(2015) 11),, (2017.4.6.). 113
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) (2017) - ---. (INCB, The Israel National Cyber Bureau).,., (IDF),,,. (Talpiot), (Havatzalot)., (Shaul Yatziv) (Felix Dothan) 1979. 50, 3 6.. 3,,,,,, (, 2017)., 8200(Unit 8200). 1952 8200, (, 2015)., 2010 8200 (Stuxnet), 8200, 114
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언. (Cabinet Office)., (Bletchley Park) (Government Code & Cipher school), (Cyber Security Challenge UK) (, 2017)., 2017 4. (Cyber-Reserve), (, 2017).,, (, 2011). 2013, IT (, 2013). 1(), 2(,,, ), 3(414, 258 ) (, 2016)..,. 115
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) Ⅲ. 사이버전문사관현황과한계점분석 1. 사이버전문사관현황과성과. 3,,,,,. 2009 7.7 DDoS, 2010 1,..., 2011 6. 2012, 20, 10. 4, (1),, (2), (3),, (4). 7. 2012 1 2016 1, (ADD) ADD 3, 1~3.,,,, 5 < 4>. 12) 116
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 *: (2018) < 표 4> 군과학기술전문인력인사관리 ( ) 30 :, : ADD / ( ) 12,.,., 26 CTF(DEFCON 26 Capture The Flag) 2018 5, 5 DEFKOR00T, (, 2018). < 표 5> 사이버전문사관장학금연도별예산집행액 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 11.8 3.2 6.1 8.9 11.8 11.8 () () *: (2018) 12) (2019 ). 117
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) 2. 사이버전문사관운영한계점분석 8, 4.,. 2017 ( ).,, ( ).,., 5,, ( ) (, 2017). < 표 6> 고려대사이버국방학과연도별경쟁률추이 ( 정시모집 ) () 2014 3.57 2.50 2015 4.64 2.18 2016 4.00 2.50 2017 4.12 2.08 2018 5.36 2.17 *: (2018.11.20.),. 118
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언.,.,. 2018 1,. < 표 7> 사이버전문사관 / 과학기술전문사관 / 전문연구요원직무만족비교 6 3.44 3.71 3.69 3.73 2.08 3.06 3.29 3.28 3.93 4.41 4.16 4.03 2.68 4.36 3.93 4.07 4.02 4.40 4.20 4.08 3.74 4.15 4.10 4.13 *: (2018), (2018),, 3,. 57, 29, 48 134. 6 5 1 5. 6, 6 (+)., 119
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ). 6., 6.,.,. 가. 인사관리미흡 1, 4 3 7. 2 3., - -.,,,.,,.,.,. ( ), 120
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언.. 나. 직무역량발휘및개발의제한. NICE 27 (, 2018),,.,..,.. 2016 /,. 1 () 3~4, 2016.,. 121
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ) 다. 군인 으로서의정체성모호..,..,..,.. (),.,..,. 122
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 Ⅳ. 군사이버전문인력운영정책발전방안,,,. 가. 사이버전문인력인사관리모델확립 (2017),,,.,, (920),,.,..,,. 2015,. 123
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ), (Up or out),,, (, 2017).,. 나. 사이버병과창설및주특기신설 (2012) /. 7. 3, /,. 2013 (, 2013) (2017).,,.,.,., 3. 124
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언 다. 사이버전문인력인증제도수립,.,., (KISA) K-Shield (KITRI) (BoB: Best of Best)., (2014)., () /.,. 라. 사이버전문인력에대한사회적지원유도 (2013: (2011.6.1.) (2013.3.21.) ),,.,,, () 400. 125
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ),. Jason Gewirtz(2018),. 18 (Adam Kariv), 400 ( ), 3~4.,., (Dan Senor & Saul Singer, 2010)., IT 8200, 8200 (, 2015).,.,. 마. 군인화교육,.,. 126
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언,.,. Ⅴ. 결론 (2018),, / / / 4 10.,, 3.,.,.,.,. /, 127
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ).,,. 논문접수 : 2019 2 28 논문수정 : 2019 4 1 게재확정 : 2019 4 5 참고문헌. (2014).... (2014). :.. (2017)..... (2012).... (2012.09.26.). (2018)..... (2017)... (2012)..... (2016). :., 28 18... (2015).... (2018)... (2016).., 23 3. 128
군사이버전문인력운영정책에대한제언.. (2014). :., 7 2.. (2017).., 33 1... (2014).... (2016)... (2016.03). (2013).., 29 4... (2017)..... (2017). FACT BOOK-. (2017.10.12.). (2012). 軍... (2012.09.26.). (2015)... (2015.03.25.). (2016.03.15) (2).. (2013.04.30). 軍,.. (2018.11.09).,.. (2013.03.22).. (2015.07.24) 8, 18 6 500.. (2015.02.02) 8200.. (2013.11.05) 3.. (2011.05.09).. (2018).. (2018.08.13). (2016) ( ).. (2018).. (2018.08.09). (2018). 2017 ( ). (2018.04) 129
국방정책연구제 35 권제 1 호 2019 년봄호 ( 통권제 123 호 ). (2018).. (2018.08.13). (2017).. Dan Senor, Saul Singer. (2010). ( ).. p. 98. Deloitt. (2016). Asia-Pacific Defense Outlook. Jason Gewirtz. (2018). ( ). :. Nicholson, Gibbs. (2017). Recruiting the cyber leader. Master s thesis. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. Tice, J. (2015). Staffing goals for cyber branch totals nearly 1,300 officers, enlisted soldiers. Army Times. 130