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대한안과학회지 008 년제 9 권제 10 호 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 008;9(10):1589-1596 DOI : 10.1/jkos.008.9.10.1589 엑시머레이저굴절교정수술을이용한백내장수술후잔여난시에의한부등시의교정 이경민 김은철 김만수 가톨릭대학교의과대학안과및시과학교실 목적 : 백내장수술후에존재하는난시를교정하는데있어 Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) 또는 laser assisted in situ keratomileusis () 의임상적교정효과를알아보고자하였다. 대상과방법 : 00 년 월부터 005 년 11 월까지본병원에서백내장수술을받은환자중각막난시가 1.5 디옵터이상인 11 명 11 안을대상으로후향적으로조사하였다. 11 안중 안은 PRK, 9 안은 을시행받았다. 결과 : 백내장수술후평균구면렌즈대응치는 -.7±1.D, 평균난시는.±D 이었다. 굴절교정술후평균구면대응치와난시는술후 6 개월에 -0.66±0.58D, 0.7±0.9D 로유의하게감소하였다 (p<0.05). 나안시력과최대교정시력은술후 6 개월에 0.65±0.17, ±0.11 으로술전에비해유의하게개선되었으며, 술후합병증은총 안 (7.%) 에서경한각막혼탁이나타났으나시력저하없이회복되었으며그외합병증은관찰되지않았다. 결론 : 백내장수술후잔여난시발생시 PRK 와 을이용한굴절교정수술은난시교정효과가좋아임상적인적용이유용할것으로생각한다. < 대한안과학회지 008;9(10):1589-1596> 1967 년백내장수술에초음파유화술이도입된이후백내장수술법은빠르게변하고발전해왔다. 최근에는술후시력개선외에도비구면렌즈를이용한수차의최소화, 다초점렌즈를이용한원근거리주시력의개선등환자만족도를높이기위한다양한노력들이이루어지고있다. 1 난시와잔여굴절이상은성공적인초음파유화술후환자의만족도를결정짓는중요한문제중하나이다. 잔여굴절이상이발생된경우에대부분안경착용등으로교정이가능하지만일부에서는굴절부등으로인해안경착용이힘들거나환자가안경착용을거부하는문제가발생할수있으며눈부심, 단안복시, 눈피로, 왜곡, 시야제한등이초래될수있다. -5 전층각막이식후발생한굴절이상을엑시머레이저를이용하여교정한임상결과는여러편문헌보고되었으 < 접수일 : 008 년 월 일, 심사통과일 : 008 년 6 월 일 > 통신저자 : 김만수서울시서초구반포동 505 가톨릭대학교강남성모병원안과 Tel: 0-590-15, Fax: 0-599-705 E-mail: mskim@catholic.ac.kr * 본논문의요지는 007 년대한안과학회제 98 회추계학술대회에서포스터로발표되었음. 나, 6,7 국내에서는아직까지백내장수술후발생한잔여굴절이상을엑시머레이저를이용하여교정한효과에대한임상결과는보고된바없다. 이에저자들은백내장수술후 6 개월까지도 1.5 디옵터이상의난시가지속되어원거리시력교정이안되거나안경또는콘택트렌즈착용이힘들어굴절부등으로인한불편감을호소하는환자를대상으로엑시머레이저를이용한 Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) 또는 laser assisted in situ keratomileusis () 을시행한후임상결과와굴절력변화를분석하였다. 대상과방법 00 년 월부터 005 년 11 월까지한술자에게백내장수술후발생한잔여굴절이상으로굴절교정수술을시행한 11 안을대상으로후향적으로조사하였다. 굴절교정술은각막난시가 1.5 디옵터이상이며 개월이상경과관찰시굴절력변화가 0.5 디옵터이하로안정적이고, 굴절부등으로인해안경착용이어렵거나, 콘택트렌즈에적응하지못하고불편증상을호소한환자를대상으로시행하였다. 대상군중경과관찰이 6 개월미만이거나굴절교정수술후잔여각막두께가 00 µm 미만인환자와당뇨, 전신적결체조직질환, 각막병증, 1589

이경민외 : 백내장수술후잔여난시의교정 녹내장이동반되거나백내장이외의다른수술적조작이가해진경우는제외하였다. 술전검사로나안및최대교정시력, 현성및조절마비굴절검사, 각막지형도검사, 세극등검사, 안압, 각막두께및각막곡률을측정하였다. 백내장수술은 10 안에서환자의각막을 0.5% pro paracaine hydrochloride (Alcaine, Alcon TM, USA) 으로점안마취후, 이측각막윤부에 mm 투명각막절개를시행후전방에점탄물질을주입한후 0 gauge 바늘을이용하여수정체낭원형절개술을시행하고, 평형염류용액 (Balanced salt solution, BSS) 을이용하여수력분리술후수정체유화술을시행하였으며, 전방과낭내에점탄물질을채운후절개창을통해후방인공수정체를후낭내에삽입하였다. 절개부는모두무봉합처리하였다. 굴절수술방법은먼저환자의각막을 0.5% propar acaine hydrochloride (Alcaine, Alcon, USA) 으로점안마취후 PRK 는 spatula 로각막상피를제거하였으며, 의경우에는 Moria M microker atome (Moria SA, Antony, France) 를이용하여 8.5 mm 직경및 10 micron 두께를가진비측기저의원판모양각막절편 (corneal flap) 을만들었다. PRK, 모두 VISX STAAR (AMO, Inc, USA) 를이용하여 160 mj/cm 과 10 Hz 의에너지로 6.0 mm 직경의 ablation zone 에레이저를조사하여정시를목표로구면굴절량과난시량모두를교정하였다. 수술후항생제 (0.5% Ofloxacin drop, Ocuflox, Samil, Korea 또는 0.5% Levofloxacin drop, Cravit, Santen, Japan) 와스테로이드 (0.1% Flu orometholon drop, Ocumetholone, Samil, Korea) 를 1 일 회점안하였으며, PRK 인경우는상피재생이완전히이루어진후부터스테로이드점안액을 6 개월간회수를줄이면서중단하였고, 인경우는 1 개월간점안하면서근시와각막혼탁정도에따라스테로이드점안액용량과점안기간을조절하였다. 수술후 1 개월, 개월, 6 개월동안시력은한천석시력표를이용하여, 난시의양과방향은 Auto Ref R-50 (Canon, USA) 을이용하여각각측정하여 Student t-test (SPSS ver.1) 를이용하여비교분석하였다. 통계학적유의성은 P value 가 0.05 미만인경우로정의하였다. 결 과 환자의연령분포는 5 세에서 86 세로평균연령은 65.7±10.05 세였으며, 남자 6 안, 여자 5 안의성별분포를보였다. 백내장수술전평균구면렌즈대응치는 -.6±.99D (+.15~-11.75D), 평균난시량은.80±1 (1.75~5.00D) 였으며, 1.75D 의난시를보인 안을제외하곤 9 안 (81.8%) 에서수술전난시량이 디옵터이상을보였다. 백내장수술후평균구면렌즈대응치는 -.7±1.D (-0.5~-5.5D), 평균난시량은.±D (.00~5.50D) 로평균구면렌즈대응치는술전에비해감소했으나평균난시량은 0.D 증가하였다 (Table 1). 백내장수술이후엑시머레이저를이용한굴절교정술까지의기간은평균 9.6 개월 (9 개월 96 개월 ) 이었으며 안은 PRK 가시행되었으며, 나머지 9 안에서는 이각각시행되었고각각의안에대한엑시머레이저술의술전과술후 6 개월의시력과굴절결과는 Table 에요약하였다. Table 1. Patient characteristics and results before and after cataract surgery but before eximer laser surgery Exam Preoperative state Postoperative state Age Sex (Male:Female) Axial Length (mm) 65.7±10.05 6:5.5±1.59 * UCVA BCVA Cylinderical refraction (D) Spherical equivalent (D) Pachymetry (um) Keratometry Sim K s Astigmatism 0.18±0.1 ±0.0.80±1 -.6±.99 5.71±.6.10±..61±1.7 0.7±0.1 0.76±0..± -.7±1. 551.5±5.57.99±1.97.0±7 * UCVA=uncorrected visual acuity; BCVA=best corrected visual acuity; Sim K s=simulated-keratometric values; The mean spherical equivalent was.7±1.d (-0.5~-5.5D) and the mean astigmatism was.±d (.00~5.75D) after cataract surgery. 1590

대한안과학회지 008 년제 9 권제 10 호 Table. Refractive and visual acuity data before and after excimer laser surgery following cataract surgery in 11 eyes Preoperative state Postoperative 6 months NO Age/Sex Procedure * UCVA Manifest Refraction BCVA UCVA Manifest Refraction BCVA 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 86/M 59/F 66/M 5/F 78/F 60/M 67/M 68/M 7/F 57/M 58/F PRK PRK 0.1 0.5 0. 0. 0.1 0.5 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. +0-5.5 180 +0.75 -.5 150 -.50 -.00 85-1.75 -.00 175 -.00 -.50 180 +0 -.50 5 +0.50 -.50 155-1.5 -.50 175-1.5 -.5 95 +0.5 -.75 0-0.75 -.50 165 0. 1 0. 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0. 0.6 0. 0.6 +0.50-1.5 180 +0.50-0.5 150-0.50-0.75 90-0.50-0.75 170-0.5-0 180 +0.50-0.50 0-0.5-1.5 155-0.75 sphere -0-0 90-0.50-0.50 0-0.75-0.75 170 0.6 0.6 1 * UCVA=uncorrected visual acuity; BCVA=best corrected visual acuity; At 6 months after refractive surgery, best corrected visual acuity was equal to or better than preoperative one. (A) Figure 1. Spherical equivalent refraction (A) and cylindrical refraction (B) over 6 months after excimer laser surgery to correct residual refractive error following cataract surgery in 11 eyes. Spherical equivalent and cylindrical refraction decreased significantly after excimer laser surgery (* p<0.05). (B) 굴절교정술후평균구면대응치는술전 -.7± 1.D 에서 주에 -0.±0.5D, 1 개월에 -0.55±0.5D, 개월에 -0.61±0.9D, 술후 6 개월에 -0.66±0.58D 로술후 주, 1 개월, 개월과 6 개월에유의하게감소하였다 (p<0.05)(fig. 1A). 평균난시는술전.± D 에서술후 주에 ±0.1D, 1 개월에 0.55±0.1D, 개월에 0.59±0.0D, 술후 6 개월에 0.7±0.9D 로술전에비해유의하게감소하였으며 (p<0.05), 술후 6 개월에평균.50 D 의난시감소를보였다 (Fig. 1B). 술후 주에평균구면렌즈대응치가 -0.±0.5D 에서술후 1 개월에 -0.55±0.5D 로약 간의근시퇴행을보였으며 1 개월이후에는굴절상태가안정적으로유지되는경향을보였다. 교정수술을받은 11 명중 을시행받은안에서는술후 주에평균구면렌즈대응치가 -0.56±0.9D 에서술후 6 개월에 -±0.7D 로 0.7D 의경한정도의근시퇴행을보였으며근시퇴행은 9 안중 6 안에서관찰되었다. PRK 를시행받은안에서는평균구면렌즈대응치가술후 주에각각 +0.75D, -0.5D 에서술후 6 개월에 -0.15D, +0.75D 로 1 안에서만약간의원시퇴행경향을보였다. 술전과비교하여술후난시의교정효과는술후 주에 71.% 에서 100% 의분포를보였으 1591

이경민외 : 백내장수술후잔여난시의교정 Table. Postoperative change in refractive astigmatism in 11 eyes after excimer laser surgery following cataract surgery NO 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Corrected astigmatism (D) Correction rate of astigmatism(%) wks 1 mo mo 6 mo wks 1 mo mo 6 mo 5.5.75.75.5 95.5 86.6 86.6 77.7.5.5 85.71 9.86 85.71 9.86 1.75 1.5 1.5 1.5 87.50 6.50 75.00 6.50.5.5.5 8. 66.67 8. 75.00.5 88.89 88.89 88.89 77.78 1.5 1.5 80.00 60.00 60.00 80.00.5.75.5 71. 85.71 78.57 6.9.5.5.5 80.00 100.00 90.00 100.00.75.75.5 9.1 8.6 8.6 69..75.5.5.5 100.00 90.91 81.8 81.8 1.5.0 1.75 1.75 60.00 80.00 70.00 70.00 Mean±SD.75±8.68±.6±1.50±5 8.06±11. 81.68±8 80.9±9.0 77.±11.9 The mean percentage of astigmatic correction was 77.±11.9% (range 6.9 to 100%) at 6 months after refractive surgery. Table. Predictability of excimer laser surgery for spherical equivalent refraction (SE) and cylinder (C) following cataract surgery in 11 eyes Follow-up ±0.5D ±0.50D ±0.75D ±0D SE C SE C SE C SE C weeks 1 month months 6 months (6.) (7.) 1 (9.1) (18.) (6.) (7.) 1 (9.1) (18.) 7 (6.6) 6 (5.5) 5 (5.) (6.) 7 (6.6) 7 (6.6) (6.) 8 (7.7) 8 (7.7) 6 (5.5) 7 (6.6) 8 (7.7) 8 (7.7) After 6 months after surgery, eyes (6.%) had a spherical equivalent refraction within ±0.50D of emmetropia, and 8 eyes (7.7%) were within ±0D of emmetropia. Four eyes (6.%) had a cylinder refraction within ±0.50D and 9 eyes (81.8%) were within ±0D. 며평균 8.06±11.% 의교정률을보였으며, 술후 6 개월에교정률은평균 77.±11.9% 로약간감소하였으나차이는보이지않았다 (Table ). 술후 6 개월간측정한굴절검사에서술후 주에 7 안 (6.6%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내, 10 안 (90.9%) 에서 ±0D 이내의구면렌즈대응치를보였고, 9 안 (81.8%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내, 11 안 (100%) 에서 ±0D 이내의난시를보였다. 술후 6 개월에는 안 (6.%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내, 8 안 (7.7%) 에서 ±0D 이내의구면렌즈대응치를보였고, 안 (6.%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내, 9 안 (81.8%) 에서 ±0D 이내의난시를보였다 (Table ). 술후굴절력의안정성은 주와 1 개월사이에구면렌즈대응치는 8 안 (7.7%) 에서난시는 11 안 (100%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내의변화를보였고 1 개월과 6 개월사이에구면렌즈대응치는 11 안 (100%) 에서난시는 10 안 (90.9%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내의변화를보여 1 개월이후 에는굴절력의변화가거의없이안정된굴절상태를유지하였다 (Table 5). 굴절교정수술후나안시력은술후 1 개월에 0.7± 0.16, 술후 6 개월에 0.66±0.17 로, 최대교정시력은술후 1 개월에 6±0.1, 술후 6 개월에 ±0.11 으로술전에비해유의하게개선된양상을나타내었다 (Fig. )( 각각 p<0.05). 술후 6 개월에 11 안중 9 안 (81.8%) 에서스넬렌시력표에서 0.5 이상의나안시력을보였고, 9 안 (81.8%) 에서나안시력이술전교정시력과비슷하거나더향상된시력을보였다 (Table ). 최대교정시력은술후 6 개월에 안 (6.%) 에서술전에비해시력표 1 줄이상시력향상을보였으며, 7 안 (6.6%) 에서술전최대교정시력과같았으며, 교정시력의감소를보인경우는없었다 (Fig. ). 술후합병증은 PRK 를시행받은 1, 번안모두와 을시행받은 11 번 1 안총 안 (7.%) 에서 159

대한안과학회지 008 년제 9 권제 10 호 Figure. Time course of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for 11 eyes with excimer laser surgery for residual refractive error after cataract surgery. UCVA and BCVA improved at weeks after surgery and were stable until 6 months after surgery. (* p<0.05) 시력에영향이없는정도의경한각막혼탁이 1~ 개월에나타났으나 6 개월최종경과관찰시모든대상안에서각막혼탁을보이지않았으며, 혼탁에따른난시량등의굴절력변화는보이지않았다. 그외수정체위치또는각막절개창의변화와각막상피내생등의합병증은관찰되지않았다. 고 찰 최근들어백내장수술에서초음파유화술또는백내장낭외적출술후인공수정체를삽입하는방법이일반적으로많이사용되고여러수술기법과기구들의발달로인해과거와같은심각한수술중합병증들은감소하게되었다. 8 따라서최근에는술중합병증에대한관심보다술후환자의시력의향상과만족도에대해더많은연구들이이루어지고있으며, 그중대표적인문제가수술로야기된난시와굴절력오차등으로인한잔여굴절이상이다. 9 잔여굴절이상발생시난시의동반여부에관계없이근시가백내장수술후가장흔한굴절이상이며, 백내장수술후발생하는예기치못한굴절이상은안축장길이나각막곡률같은안구생체계측의오차나부적절한인공수정체굴절력계산등에의한굴절이상과수정체낭내에서인공수정체의불안정한고정또는중심이탈, 섬모체고랑에인공수정체를고정한경우, 창상수축또는각막봉합에의한높은난시등에의해발생한다. 10-1 Figure. Postoperative change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in 11 eyes after excimer laser surgery for induced astigmatism following cataract surgery. The final BCVA improved by 1 line in eyes (6.%) and was unchanged in 7 eyes (6.6%) at 6 months. 수술후발생하는난시정도는절개창크기, 형태와위치등다양한요인에의해서영향을받는다. 무봉합소절개창수술의시행으로창상과연관된예기치못한술후난시를줄일수있지만, 1,15 술후난시를완전히교정하지는못하며계획치못했던높은구면렌즈측정치오차 (spherical error) 문제는여전히남아있을수있다. 안경이나콘택트렌즈를착용못하거나부등시에의한심한증상을호소할경우에수술적치료를고려하게된다. 과거에는이를위해인공수정체교환술, 방사상각막절개술, ICRS (intrastromal corne al ring segment) 삽입술, PRK, 등이시도되었으나, 16,17 인공수정체교환술은전방각또는주변조직에손상과안압상승등의합병증발생가능성이높아질수있고, 방사상각막절개술은 등엑시머레이저를이용한굴절교정술에비해 0 세이상의환자에서예측도가낮고눈부심, 각막상피기저막변화와원시로의이행등의합병증의위험이높아최근에는거의이용되지않고있다. 18-0 일반적으로 PRK 는각막두께가얇거나안구건조증이심한경우또는외상의가능성이높은직업을가진환자에서적합하며, 은빠른시력회복을원하거나 -6.0D 이상의고도근시환자에서좀더적합한것으로알려져있으나 에비해 PRK 에서술후통증및늦은시력회복, 강한창상치유반응과심한근시퇴행가능성과고도근시환자의경우각막혼탁의발생가능성이높은단점이알려지면서 PRK 의사용이점차감소하고있다. 1, 이에반해 은각막상피를제거하는 PRK 와달리각막상피와보우만층의손상없이각막간질층에서절편을형성하여시력회복이빠르고술후통증과각막혼탁이적게발생하여절편에의한부작용의보고에도불구하 159

이경민외 : 백내장수술후잔여난시의교정 Table 5. Stability of eximer laser surgery for spherical equivalent refraction (SE) and cylinder (C) following cataract surgery in 11 eyes Follow-up ±0.5D ±0.50D ±0.75D SE C SE C SE C weeks to 1 month 1 to months 1 to 6 months to 6 months (18.) 6 (5.5) 8 (7.7) (6.) 6 (5.5) 6 (5.5) 8 (7.7) Changes between 1 and 6 months were less than or equal to ±0.50D in all eyes (100%) for spherical equivalent refraction and 10 eyes (90.9%) for cylinder refraction. 고최근에는각막절편을이용한 이주로시술되고있다. -6 Hersh et al 7 와 Hu et al 8 에따르면 0 세이상의고령군에서 후불충분한교정또는굴절이상으로인한재치료율이유의하게높아졌다고보고한반면, Artola et al 는평균 66 세의잔여굴절이상환자 0 안을대상으로시행한 PRK 에서 90% 이상이합병증없이구면렌즈대응치가 1D 미만으로현저하게감소하고, 평균나안시력이 0/00 에서 0/0 으로향상되었다고보고하였다. PRK 와 을이용한백내장수술후잔여굴절교정효과에대한 Kuo et al 9 의연구에서는통계학적인유의성은없었으나 PRK 에서는 에비해고령에서약간의원시성변화를보인점을제외하고모든환자에서유의한나안시력의향상을보였으며, 평균구면렌즈대응치도 -.76D 에서 -8D 로유의하게감소하여엑시머레이저를이용한굴절교정수술의안정성과높은교정효과를보고하였다. 본연구대상자에서는평균연령이 65.7±10.05 세였으며백내장외에다른안과적질병은보이지않았지만 6 개월에측정한나안시력이 0.66±0.17, 최대교정시력이 ±0.11 로젊은연령층에서의일반적인굴절교정수술에비해낮은시력을보였다. 이는근거리백내장후잔여굴절이상환자는일반적인굴절교정수술환자에비해난시량이많고, 노령에따른각막이나황반등의변화, 지속적인인공수정체의낭내고정또는공막고정의불안정성, 시행시 65 mmhg 이상의높은안압으로인한백내장수술절개창과수정체의위치변화에의한난시가능성등다양한요인들에의해영향을받았을것으로추정된다. 이같은기대보다약간적은시력호전에도불구하고술후 6 개월에평균구면렌즈대응치는 -0.66±0.58D, 난시량은 0.7±0.9D 로술전에비해각각 1.61D,.50D 감소하였고, 정도의차이가있으나모든환자가술후시력교정효과에대해만족감을나타내었다. 또 한 11 안중 8 안 (7.7%) 에서술후 6 개월에측정한구면렌즈대응치가 1D 미만으로이는 Norouzi and Rahmati-Kamel 9 (95%) 나 Artola et al (90%) 의보고보다는약간낮았지만만족할만한교정효과를보였다. 또는 PRK 후굴절력의변화는 1 개월에서 개월사이에안정적인굴절력이형성된다고알려져있다. 16,0,1 최근 Chen et al 의보고에따르면술후 1 개월사이에근시퇴행이급속히진행하다가, 1 개월에서 6 개월사이에완만하게감소한후 6 개월후에는안정적인굴절력을유지하며, 술전현성평균구면렌즈대응치가높을수록, 술전각막곡률도가.5D 미만인경우, 광학부직경이 6.0 mm 미만인경우근시퇴행이발생할가능성이더많다고하였다. 본연구에서는술전구면렌즈대응치가 -.7±1.D 로 -6.00D 미만이었고, 각막곡률도가.99±1.97 으로.5 이상이었으며, 주과 6 개월사이의굴절력변화에서 PRK 군에서는 Kuo et al 9 연구에서처럼 안중 1 안에서원시성퇴행을보였고, 을시행받은환자에서는 9 안중 7 안 (77.8%) 에서근시성퇴행을보였으나평균구면렌즈대응치의변화량은 0.7D 로근시퇴행정도가심하지는않았다. 술후 주에서 1 개월사이의구면렌즈대응치와난시의변화량이각각 안 (18.%), 안 (6.%) 에서 ±0.5D 이내, 8 안 (7.7%), 11 안 (100%) 에서 ±0.50D 이내의변화를보였고, 술후 1 개월과 6 개월사이구면렌즈대응치와난시의변화량이각각 6 안 (5.5%) 에서 ±0.5D 이내, 11 안 (100%) 과 10 안 (90.9%) 에서 ±0.50D 의변화량만보여, 1 개월과 6 개월사이의 ±0.50D 이내의굴절안정성을측정한 Guell et al 0 (9%), Norouzi and Rahmati-Kamel 9 (90%) 의보고와비슷한결과를보여, 술후 1 개월이후굴절력이안정적으로유지됨을알수있었다 (Table 5). 술후합병증은 안에서경도의각막혼탁이발생하였 159

대한안과학회지 008 년제 9 권제 10 호 으나시력과굴절력에큰변화없이호전되었으며, 각막확장증또는층판각염등각막절편으로인한합병증의발생은보이지않았다. 그외에총 11 명의환자중 6 명 (5.5%) 이물체가어둡게보이는증상을호소하였으며, 7 명 (6.6%) 의환자는근거리시력교정을위한안경이필요하였다. 백내장으로인한난시교정을위한굴절수술은일반굴절수술환자에비해대비감도와근거리시력이떨어지는경향이있으나, 이는후낭혼탁, 노령에의한망막기능저하, 노령과백내장수술에의한조절능력감소에의할것이라고사료되며향후이에대한연구가필요하리라생각된다. 결론적으로백내장수술후잔여굴절이상발생시엑시머레이저를이용한 PRK 와 은예측성이높고난시등굴절이상교정효과가뛰어나며안전하여안경또는콘택트렌즈착용이어려운환자의시력개선에많은도움을줄수있을것으로생각된다. 참고문헌 1) O Day DM. Management of cataract in adults. Quick reference guide for clinicians. The Cataract Management Guideline Panel of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research. Arch Ophthalmol 199;111:5-9. ) Joyal H, Grégoire J, Faucher A. Photorefractive keratectomy to correct hyperopic shift after radial keratotomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 00;9:150-6. ) Artola A, Ayala MJ, Claramonte P, et al. Photorefractive keratectomy for residual myopia after cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 1999;5:156-60. ) Trouman RC, Swinger C. Relaxing incision for control of postoperative astigmatism following keratoplasty. Ophthalmic Surg 1980;11:117-0. 5) Trouman RC. Corneal wedge resection and relaxing incisions for postkeratoplasty astigmatism. Int Ophthalmol Clin 199;: 166-8. 6) Kim KS, Kim MS. The effect of PRK and for the correction of postkeratoplasty astigmatism. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 00;5:76-8. 7) Kang SH, Chung ES, Kim WJ. Three cases of for myopia and astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 00;:1-8. 8) Desai P. The national cataract surgery survey: II. Clinical outcomes. Eye 199;7:89-9. 9) Norouzi H, Rahmati-Kamel M. Laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of induced astigmatism from cataract surgery. J Refract Surg 00;19:16-. 10) Salz JJ, Reader A. Lens implant exchanges for incorrect power: results of an informal survey. J Cataract Refract Surg 1988;1:1-. 11) Jaffe NS, Clayman HM. The pathophysiology of corneal astigmatism after cataract extraction. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1975;79:615-0. 1) Hovding C, Natvik C, Sletteberg O. The refractive error after implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens: the accuracy of IOL power calculation in a hospital practice. Acta Ophthalmol 199;7:61-6. 1) Erickson P. Effects of intraocular lens position errors on postoperative refractory error. J Cataract Refract Surg 1990;16: 05-11. 1) Long DA, Monica ML. A prospective evaluation of corneal curvature changes with.0 to.5 mm corneal tunnel phacoemulsification. Ophthalmology 1996;10:6-. 15) Kohnen T, Burkhard D, Jacobi KW. Comparison of the induced astigmatism after temporal clear corneal tunnel incisions of different sizes. J Cataract Refract Surg 1995;1: 17-. 16) Ayala MJ, Pérez-Santonja JJ, Artola A, et al. Laser in situ keratomileusis to correct residual myopia after cataract surgery. J Refract Surg 001;17:1-6. 17) Park CY, Kim JH, Lee EH, et al. Transverse relaxing keratotomy for the correctionof astigmatism after cataract operation. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 199;5:85-90. 18) Waring GO, Lynn MJ, Nizam A, et al. Results of the prospective evaluation of radial keratotomy study five years after surgery. Ophthalmology 1991;98:116-76. 19) Tielsch JM, Sommer A, Katz J, et al. Racial variations in the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma; the Baltimore Eye Survey. J Am Med Assoc 1991;66:69-7. 0) Gothard TW, Agapitos PJ, Bowers RA, et al. Four incision radial keratopathy for high myopia after penetrating keratoplasty. Refract Corneal Surg 199;9:51-7. 1) Ambrósio R Jr, Wilson S. vs LASEK vs PRK: advantages and indications. Semin Ophthalmol. 00;18:-10. ) Yoon JT, Lee GJ, Tchah H. Flap Complications of. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 000; 1:116-50. ) Hersh PS, Brint SF, Maloney RK, et al. Photorefractive keratectomy versus laser in situ keratomileusis for moderate to high myopia. A randomized prospective study. Ophthalmology 1998;105:151-. ) Pallikaris IG, Siganos DS. Laser in situ keratomileusis to treat myopia: early experience. J Cataract Refract Surg 1997;:9-9. 5) Esquenazi S, Mendoza A. Two-year follow-up of laser in situ keratomileusis for hyperopia. J Refract Surg 1999;15:68-5. 6) Choi MS, Lee DH, Lee HB. Comparison of the clinical results in photorefractive keratectomy with that in Laser In Situ Keratomileusis for correction of moderate myopia. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 1998;9:897-90. 7) Hersh PS, Fry KL, Bishop DS. Incidence and associations of retreatment after. Ophthalmology 00;110:78-5. 8) Hu DJ, Feder RS, Basti S, et al. Predictive formula for calculating the probability of enhancement. J Cataract Refract Surg 00;0:6-8. 1595

이경민외 : 백내장수술후잔여난시의교정 9) Kuo IC, O'Brien TP, Broman AT, et al. Excimer laser surgery for correction of ametropia after cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg 005;1:10-10. 0) Guell JL, Gris O, Muller A, Corcostegui B. for the correction of residual refractive errors from previous surgical procedures. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1999;0:1-9. 1) Zaldivar R, Oscherow S, Piezzi V. Bioptics in phakic and pseudophakic intraocular lens with the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. J Refract Surg 00;18:6-9. ) Chen YI, Chien KL, Wang IJ, et al. An interval-censored model for predicting myopic regression after laser in situ keratomileusis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 007;8:516-. =ABSTRACT= Excimer Laser Refractive Surgery to Correct Anisometropia due to Residual Astigmatism After Cataract Surgery Kyung Min Lee, M.D, Eun Chul Kim, M.D, Man Soo Kim, M.D, Ph.D. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul, Korea Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effect of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser assisted in situ keratomileusis () on eyes with anisometropia due to residual astigmatism after cataract surgery. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 11 eyes of 11 patients who had undergone cataract surgery from March 00 to November 005. PRK ( eyes) and (9 eyes) was performed on 11 eyes with refractive myopic or mixed astigmatism over 1.5D after cataract surgery. Result: Before laser surgery, the mean astigmatism was.±d and the mean spherical equivalent (SE) was -.7±1.D. Six months after laser surgery, the mean SE was 0.66±0.58D and the mean astigmatism was 0.7±0.9D. The changes in mean manifest SE and astigmatism were statistically significant between paired preoperative and postoperative values (p<0.05). At 6 months after surgery, the mean uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity significantly improved to 0.65±0.17 and ±0.11, respectively. Three eyes (7.%) developed mild haze and were treated without sequelae. There were no other complications. Conclusions: Excimer laser surgery appears to be a clinically useful procedure to correct residual astigmatism after cataract surgery. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 008;9(10):1589-1596 Key Words: Astigmatism, Cataract,, PRK Address reprint requests to Man Soo Kim, M.D, Ph.D. Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam St. mary s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea #505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul 17-701, Korea Tel: 8--590-15, Fax: 8--599-705, E-mail: mskim@catholic.ac.kr 1596