A S tudy on Elem entary S chool Children 's S ex u al Know ledg ea ttiude and A ctu al S t ate of S ex Educ ation 200 12
A S tudy on Elem entary S chool Children 's S ex u al Know ledg ea ttiude and A ctu al S t ate of S ex Educ ation 200 12
. 200 12
. 1 1. 1 2. 3 3. 3 4. 3 5. 4. 5 1. 5 2. 9 3. 12 4. 13 5. 19. 23 1. 23 2. 23 3. 24 - i -
. 25 1. 25 2. 29 3. 44 4. 50. 55 1. 55 2. 58 62 Ab str act 65 : 68 - ii -
< 1> 23 <2> 24 <3> 25 <4> 2 27 <5>,, 28 <6> 29 <7> 30 <9> 31 <9> 32 <10> 33 <11> 34 <12> 35 <13> 36 <14> 37 <15> 38 <16> 39 <17> 40 <18> 41 <19> 42 <20> 43 <21>, 44 <22>, 46 <23> 47 <24> 48 <25> 49 - iii -
< 26>, 50 <27>, 52 <28>, 54 <29>, 54 - iv -
,,..,,?,,?,?,? 4, 5, 6 457. 40. SPSS Chi- square..,.,., 6. - v -
.,,,,,,.,,.,,,.,... 9.2%.,.,,,,,,.,,. - v i -
I. 1...,.,,,,, (, 1998).,. 289 89142.7%, 36.1%, 17.9%. (, 1997).. - 7 -
.,, 15, 1, 3, 13, (, 2000 ).. 70,, T V,, 80, T V,, (, 1996). 5,,,, T V, PC /.. 1314 1011..,,.,.,,, - 8 -
..,. 2..,.,.,.,. 3..,,, - 9 -
?,,,?,?,? 4..,,,,..,,,..,. 5., 4, 5, 6-10 -
., (,,,, ).,. - 11 -
II. 1.. 2.. (sex ),,,,.,,,,,,,,,.,,, (, 2000). (sex ) (gender ).,.,,.,.. - 12 -
19 (sexuality ).,,..,,., (, 1998).,.. (, 1996).,,,., (, 2000).. - 13 -
,. 1. 2 (, 1996). 814 10111016 1213, 2...., 2...... 4 5, 6. 5, 6 2, 3-14 -
3 (, 1990)..,,, (, 1999)... 2, (, 1989)...,...,,,,.,,,.., - 15 -
.. (, 1994)... (, 2000).. 2.. (, 1997).. - 16 -
.,.....,..,...,,,,,. ( - 17 -
. 98 100-1, 43-44)....,,,,,.,....... - 18 -
...,..,...,.,.. 70% 25% (, 1998).,... - 19 -
,.. ()...,..,..,... (. 98 100-1,45-51). 3.... - 20 -
.,..,...,.,.., (, 1998)...,..,..,.. - 2 1 -
.. (, 1996). 4. (, 1997).. (2000).,.,.,..,,.,..,, - 22 -
.,..,. 10,.,....,....,..,. - 23 -
. (1993)., 06 ( )., 712 (,, ),., 1316,,,,,., 1719,,,.,,,,,, (, 1983)..,.,,,, - 24 -
.,,., 2,.,,.,.. 1983,,, 10,,,,, 5.. :,, : :, : :, - 25 -
(1988). 1 :,,,, 2 :,,,. 3 :,,, 4 :,, T V, 5 : 2,, 6 :, 2,. (1995). 1) (1, 2, 3 )..... - 26 -
. 2) (4, 5, 6 )...... (1997) 5, 6 55.4%. (1987)2, (1997) 45.6%. (, 1998). (1996).. - 27 -
5.. (1987), 6,., 5, 6, 40%.., 65.10%, 63.09%., 41.98%. - 28 -
., 83.95% 44.56%..,,. 50%,,... (1992),, 7 5, 6 613., 19.7%. 68.6%, 55.0%., 79.6% 62.4%. 44.8% - 29 -
51.5%. 54.9% 84.2% 52.5%.,.,., 3.77... (1997), - -,,, 4 4,5, 6 497497., 2.92..,,.., 64. - 30 -
.,...,,.,,.. (1999), 6.,., 50%., - 3 1 -
70%...,.,, 70%..,.. - 32 -
III. 1. 4 4, 5, 6 623., 457. < 1> 4 5 6 74 82 74 230 84 65 78 227 158 147 152 457 2. - 33 -
<2>.,, < 2 > 11 1-11 15 1-15 11 1-11 3. SPSS. Chi- square. 0, 10(5.00), Chi- square. - 34 -
IV. 1. <3>. < 3 >, ( % ) 4 5 6 126 (79.7) 137 (93.2) 146 (96.1) 202 (87.8) 207 (91.2) 68 (94.4) 341 (88.6) 409 df=6 =29.481 p =.000 df=3 =2.438 p =.487 df=3 =4.532 p =.209 (89.5) 88 (55.7) 91 (61.9) 91 (59.9) df=6 =3.309 p =.769 128 142 (55.7) (62.6) df=3 =3.561 p =.313 47 (65.3) df=3 223 (57.9) =2.359 270 (59.1) p =.501 32 31 49 (20.3) (21.1) (32.2) df=6 =23.556 p =.001 49 36 63 (31.0) (24.5) (41.4) df=4 =10.921. p =.027 55 57 (23.9) (25.1) df=3 =11.881 p =.008 56 92 (24.3) (40.5) df=2 =18.002 p =.000 19 (26.4) df=3 93 (24.2) =2.413 112 (24.5) p =.491 19 129 (26.4) (33.5) 148 df=2 =1.790 (32.4) p =.409-35 -
< 3>,. 89.5%. 4 (79.7%)5 (93.2%)6 (96.1% ) p<.001.., 59.1%, 24,5%.. (1997)34.7%., p<.01,.. p<.05, p<.001.,... - 36 -
< 4 > 54.7%, 53.6%. 29.2%. p <.05, p <.001. 6. p <.01. < 4 > 2 ( % ) 4 5 6 86 67 97 98 152 40 210 (54.4) (45.6) (63.8) (42.6) (67.0) (55.6) (54.5) 250 df=6 =16.208 df=3 =30.469 df=3 =2.128 (54.7) p =.013 p =.000 p =.546 69 77 99 114 131 45 200 (43.7) (52.4) (65.1) (49.6) (57.7) (62.5) (51.9) 245 df=6 =18.727 df=3 =4.096 df=3 =3.174 (53.6) p =.005 p =.251 p =.366-37 -
100 (63.3) df=4 110 (74.8) 122 (80.3) =11.940 p =.018 147 185 (63.9) (81.5) df=2 =17.983 p =.000 49 (68.1) df=2 283 (73.5) =5.001 332 (72.6) p =.082 48 30.4 45 30.6 61 40.1. df=4 =15.561 p =.004 87 67 37.8 29.5 df=2 =3.577 p =.167 27 37.5 df=2 127 33.0 =.862 154 33.7 p =.650 <4> 72.5%. p<.05, p<.001,., 33.7%.,. p<.01. < 5 >,, ( % ) 4 5 6 69 (43.7) df=6 87 95 (59.2) (62.5) =17.334 p =.008 129 (56.1) df=3 122 (53.7) =3.131 p =.372 44 (61.1) df=3 207 (53.8) 251 =1.922 (54.9) p =.589-38 -
61 (38.6) df=4 50 (34.0) 68 (44.7) =9.305 p =.054 17 11 15 (10.8) (7.5) (9.9) df=4 =2.206 p =.698 83 (36.1) 96 (42.3) df=2 =2.034 p =.362 20 23 (8.7) (10.1) df=2 =.994 p =.608 37 (51.4) df=2 142 (36.9) =6.304 179 (39.2) p =.043 6 37 (8.3) (9.6) 43 df=2 =.121 (9.4) p =.942 <5> 54.9% p<.01.. 39.2%. p <.05...,. 2. <6>. < 6 > - 39 -
( % ) 4 35 (22.2) 1. 5 30 (20.4) 6 28 (18.4) 49 (21.3) 44 (19.4). 19 (26.4) 74 (19.2) 93 (20.4) 80 (50.6) 85 (57.8) 74 (48.7) 117 (50.9) 122 (53.7) 33 (45.8) 206 (53.5) 239 (52.3) 34 (21.5) 23 (15.6) 45 (29.6) 51 (22.2) 51 (22.2) 18 (25.0) 84 (21.8) 102 (22.3) 9 (5.7) 9 (6.2) 5 (3.3) 13 (5.7) 10 (4.4) 2 (2.8) 21 (5.5) 23 (5.0) 158 df=6 147 = 9.848 152 p =.131 230 df=3 227 72 385 457 <6> 72.7% ( 20.4%, 52.3%). 22.3%, 5%.. (, 1992, 1999). < 7 > =.747 p =.863 df=3 = 3.353 p =.340-40 -
( % ) 8 4 (5.1) 7 5 (4.8) 5 6 2. (3.3) 11 (4.8) 9 (4.0) 0 (0) 20 (5.2) 20 (4.4) 27 (17.1) 25 (17.0) 20 (13.2) 37 (16.1) 35 (15.4) 11 (15.3) 61 (15.8) 72 (15.7) 52 (32.9) 43 (29.3) 70 (46.1) 79 (34.3) 86 (37.9) 33 (45.8) 132 (34.3) 165 (36.1) 71 (44.9) 72 (49.0) 57 (37.5) 103 (44.8) 97 (42.7) 28 (38.9) 172 (44.7) 200 (43.8) 158 df=6 147 = 152 230 227 72 385 457 <7>.. 20.1% ( 4.4%, 15.7%). 36.1%, 43.8% 79.9%. MBC 34.4%, 65.7%,. 10.457 p =.107 df=3 =.713 p =.870 df=3 =.6.457 p =.091-4 1 -
. < 8 > ( % ) 4 39 (24.7) 3. 5 16 (10.9) 6 28 (18.4) 39 (17.0) 44 (19.4) 19 (26.4). 64 (16.6) 83 (18.2) 69 35 15 158 (43.7) (22.2) (9.5) df=6 64 51 16 147 = (43.5) 80 (52.6) 997 (43.0) 114 (50.2) 29 (40.3) 184 (47.8) 213 (46.6) (34.7) 37 (24.3) 67 (29.1) 56 (24.7) 23 (31.9) 100 (26.0) 123 (26.9) (10.9) 7 (4.6) 25 (10.9) 13 (5.7) 1 (1.4) 37 (9.6) 38 (8.3) 152 230 227 72 385 457 18.723 p =.005 df=3 = 6.111 p =.106 df=3 = 9.654 p =.022 <8> p<.01, p<.05. 18.2%, 46.6% - 42 -
. 4 68.4% ( 24.7%, 43.7%) (69.6%)(69.0%). 66.7%(64.4%). < 9 > ( % ) 4 21 (13.3) 5 12 4. (8.2) 6 19 (12.5) 27 (11.7) 25 (11.0) 18 (25.0) 34 (8.8) 52 (11.4) 52 61 24 158 (32.9) (38.6) (15.2) df=6 72 45 18 147 = (49.0) 74 (48.7) 96 (41.7) 102 (44.9) 31 (43.1) 167 (43.4) 198 (43.3) (30.6) 51 (33.6) 79 (34.3) 78 (34.4) 18 (25.0) 139 (36.1) 157 (34.4) (12.2) 8 (5.3) 28 (12.2) 22 (9.7) 5 (6.9) 45 (11.7) 50 (10.9) 152 230 227 72 385 457 16.833 p =.010 df=3 =.965 p =.810 df=3 = 17.362 p =.001 <9> - 43 -
., 25.0%, 43.1%.. 45.3%.. < 10 > ( % ) - 44 -
4 26 (16.5) 5 22 (15.0) 5. 6 33 (21.7) ( ) 46 (20.0) 35 (15.4) 19 (26.4) 62 (16.1) 59 (37.3) 69 (46.9) 71 (46.7) 103 (44.8) 96 (42.3) 28 (38.9) 171 (44.4) 46 (29.1) 41 (27.9) 39 (25.7) 51 (22.2) 75 (33.0) 16 (22.2) 110 (28.6) 27 (17.1) 15 (10.2) 9 (5.9) 30 (13.0) 21 (9.3) 9 (12.5) 42 (10.9) 158 df=6 147 = 13.451 152 p =.036 230 df=3 = 227 7.880 p =.049 72 df=3 = 385 5.070 p =.167 81 (17.7) 199 (43.5) 126 (27.6) 51 (11.2) 457 <10>, p<.05. 6( 21.7%, 46.7%). 61.2%. 54.7%. - 45 -
< 11> ( % ) 10 4 (6.3) 7 5 (4.8) 6. 8 6 (5.3) 13 (5.7) 12 (5.3). 11 (15.3) 14 (3.6) 25 (5.5) 11 (7.0) 16 (10.9) 20 (13.2) 26 (11.3) 21 (9.3) 11 (15.3) 36 (9.4) 47 (10.3) 58 (36.7) 57 (38.8) 72 (47.4) 95 (41.3) 92 (40.5) 22 (30.6) 165 (42.9) 187 (40.9) 79 (50.0) 67 (45.6) 52 (34.2) 96 (41.7) 102 (44.9) 28 (38.9) 170 (44.2) 198 (43.3) 158 df=6 147 = 10.434 152 p =.108 230 df=3 = 227.782 p =.854 72 df=3 = 385 19.730 p =.000 457 <11> p<.001. 15.8% 30.6%... - 46 -
< 12 > ( % ) 4 101 (63.9) 5 99 (67.3) 7. 6 82 (53.9) 143 (62.2) 139 (61.2) 43 (59.7) 239 (62.1) 282 (61.7) 43 (27.2) 34 (23.1) 51 (33.6) 64 (27.8) 64 (28.2) 21 (29.2) 107 (27.8) 128 (28.0) 9 (5.7) 9 (6.1) 15 (9.9) 19 (8.3) 14 (6.2) 6 (8.3) 27 (7.0) 33 (7.2) 5 (3.2) 5 (3.4) 4 (2.6) 4 (1.7) 10 (4.4) 2 (2.8) 12 (3.1) 14 (3.1) 158 df=6 147 = 7.702 152 p =.261 230 df=3 = 227 3.366 p =.339 72 df=3 = 385.265 p =.967 457 <12> 88.7% ( : 62.7%, : 28.0%). 10.3%. - 47 -
(2000) 55%.. < 13 > ( % ) 8. 4 50 72 22 14 158 (31.6) (45.6) (13.9) (8.9) df=6 = 5 48 74 15 10 147, (32.7) (50.3) (10.2) (6.8) 3.767 p =.708 6 54 71 20 7 152 (35.5) (46.7) (13.2) (4.6) 81 97 33 19 230 df=3 (35.2) (42.2) (14.3) (8.3) = 6.078 71 120 24 12 227 (31.3) (52.9) (10.6) (5.3) p =.108 23 (31.9). 129 (33.5) 152 (33.3) 32 (44.4) 185 (48.1) 217 (47.5) 11 (15.3) 46 (11.9) 57 (12.5) 6 (8.3) 25 (6.5) 31 (6.8) 72 385 457 df=3 = 1.053 p =.789 <13>. - 48 -
80.8%... < 14 > ( % ) 9. 5 54 (36.7) 6 59 (38.8) 69. (30.0) 107 (47.1). 26 (36.1) 150 (39.0) 176 (38.5) 4 63 (39.9) 60 (38.0) 54 (36.7) 66 (43.4) 92 (40.0) 88 (38.8) 30 (41.7) 150 (39.0) 180 (39.4) 24 (15.2) 31 (21.1) 22 (14.5) 50 (21.7) 27 (11.9) 14 (19.4) 63 (16.4) 77 (16.8) 11 (7.0) 8 (5.4) 5 (3.3) 19 (8.3) 5 (2.2) 2 (2.8) 22 (5.7) 24 (5.3) 158 df=6 147 152 230 227 72 385 457 = 5.511 p =.480 df=3 = 23.312 p =.000 df=3 = 1.578 p =.664-49 -
< 14>, p<.001. 77.9%, (199 ) 70.7%. 70%, 30% 85,9%, 14.1%.. < 15 > ( % ) - 50 -
4 22 (13.9) 10. 5 31 (21.1) 6 33 (21.7) 42 (18.3) 44 (19.4) 17 (23.6) 69 (17.9) 86 (18.8) 47 (29.7) 56 (38.1) 60 (39.5) 71 (30.9) 92 (40.5) 15 (20.8) 148 (38.4) 163 (35.7) 51 (32.3) 39 (26.5) 43 (28.3) 78 (33.9) 55 (24.2) 22 (30.6) 111 (28.8) 133 (29.1) 38 (24.1) 21 (14.3) 16 (10.5) 39 (17.0) 36 (15.9) 18 (25.0) 57 (14.8) 75 (16.4) 158 df=6 147 = 15.650 152 p =.016 230 df=3 = 227 6.803 p =.078 72 df=3 = 385 10.219 p =.017 457 <15>, p <.05.,. 54.5% ( 18.8%, 35.7%), 45.5%,. - 5 1 -
< 16 > ( % ) 5 4 (3.2) 11. 6 5 (4.1) 8 6 (5.3) 10 (4.3) 9 (4.0) 5 (6.9) 14 (3.6) 19 (4.2) 20 (12.7) 21 (14.3) 44 (28.9) 45 (19.6) 40 (17.6) 27 (37.5) 58 (15.1) 85 (18.6) 66 (41.8) 65 (44.2) 73 (48.0) 104 (45.2) 100 (44.1) 20 (27.8) 184 (47.8) 204 (44.6) 67 (42.4) 55 (37.4) 27 (17.8) 71 (30.9) 78 (34.4) 20 (27.8) 129 (33.5) 149 (32.6) 158 df=6 147 = 30.698 152 p =.000 230 df=3 = 227.734 p =.865 72 385 457 df=3 = 24.065 p =.000 <16>, p <.001.. 44.4% ( 6.9%, 37.5%) 18.7%. - 52 -
. < 17 > ( % ) 3 5 12. T V (2.0) 9 6 (5.9) 5 (2.2) 10 (4.4) 4 3 (1.9) 9 (12.5) 6 (1.6) 15 (3.3) 13 (8.2) 7 (4.8) 25 (16.4) 30 (13.0) 15 (6.6) 22 (30.6) 23 (6.0) 45 (9.8) 31 (19.6) 38 (25.9) 58 (38.2) 73 (31.7) 54 (23.8) 18 (25.0) 109 (28.3) 127 (27.8) 111 (70.3) 99 (67.3) 60 (39.5) 122 (53.0) 148 (65.2) 23 (31.9) 247 (64.2) 270 (59.1) 158 df=6 147 152 230 227 72 385 457 = 40.644 p =.000 df=3 = 11.994 p =.007 df=3 = 70.238 p =.000 <17> T V,,., 4.4%. - 53 -
(43.1%)(7.6%).. < 18 > ( % ) 4 20 24 57 57 158 (12.7) (15.2) (36.1) (36.1) df=6 = 13. 5 15 23 47 62 147 (10.2) (15.6) (32.0) (42.2) 16.020 p =.014 6 26 38 52 36 152 (17.1) (25.0) (34.2) (23.7) 27 33 79 91 230 df=3 (11.7) (14.3) (34.3) (39.6) = 9.760 34 52 77 64 227 (15.0) (22.9) (33.9) (28.2) p =.021 11 10 25 26 72 df=3 (15.3) (13.9) (34.7) (36.1) = 1.388 50 75 131 129 385 (13.0) (19.5) (34.0) (33.5) p =.708 61 853 156 155 457 (13.3) (18.6) (34.1) (33.9) <18>., p<.05. 68.0% ( 34.1%, 33.9%)(2000) - 54 -
. 63.6% 525.8% ( 10.2%, 15.6%)642.1% ( 17.1%, 25%),. < 19 > ( % ) 4 16 (10.1) 5 14 (9.5) 14. 6 21 (13.8) 31 (13.5) 20 (8.8) 12 (16.7) 39 (10.1) 51 (11.2) 17 (10.8) 7 (4.8) 8 (5.3) 11 (4.8) 21 (9.3) 5 (6.9) 27 (7.0) 32 (7.0) 35 (22.2) 34 (23.1) 44 (28.9) 53 (23.0) 60 (26.4) 18 (25.0) 95 (24.7) 113 (24.7) 30 (19.0) 19 (12.9) 18 (11.8) 30 (13.0) 37 (16.3) 12 (16.7) 55 (14.3) 67 (14.7) 42 (26.6) 45 (30.6) 51 (33.6) 69 (30.0) 69 (30.4) 18 (25.0) 120 (31.2) 138 (30.2) 18 (11.4) 28 (19.0) 10 (6.6) 36 (15.7) 20 (8.8) 7 (9.7) 49 (12.7) 56 (12.3) 158 df=10 147 = 152 22.060 p =.015 230 df=5 = 227 11.215 p =.047 72 df=5 385 = 3.771 p =.583 457 < 19>, p<.05. - 55 -
4 > > > >. >, 5 > > > >>6 > >> > >.... < 20 > ( % ) - 56 -
4 49 (31.0) 5 51 (34.7) 6 78 (51.3) 15. 81 (35.2) 97 (42.7) 36 (50.0) 142 (36.9) 178 (38.9) 5 (3.2) 3 (2.0) 10 (6.6) 9 (3.9) 9 (4.0) 5 (6.9) 13 (3.4) 18 (3.9) 6 (3.8) 3 (2.0) 9 (5.9) 10 (4.3) 8 (3.5) 2 (2.8) 16 (4.2) 18 (3.9) 10 (6.3) 5 (3.4) 8 (5.3) 12 (5.2) 11 (4.8) 1 (1.4) 22 (5.7) 23 (5.0) 88 (55.7) 85 (57.8) 47 (30.9) 118 (51.3) 102 (44.9) 28 (38.9) 192 (49.9) 220 (48.1) 158 df=8 147 = 31.770 152 p =.000 230 df=4 = 2.848 227 p =.584 72 df=4 = 385 8.706 p =.069 457 <20> p<.001.. 48.1%.. 36.9%. - 57 -
(39.1%)(46.7%). 3. < 2 1>, ( % ) 46 4 (29.1) 53 5 (36.1) 72 6 (47.4) 79 (34.3) 92 (40.5) 23 (31.9) 148 (38.4) 171 (37.4), 52 (32.9) 50 (34.0) 28 (18.4) 57 (24.8) 73 (32.2) 18 (25.0) 112 (29.1) 130 (28.4) 10 (6.3) 15 (10.2) 16 (10.5) 28 (12.2) 13 (5.7) 12 (16.7) 29 (7.5) 41 (9.0) 2 (1.3) 2 (1.4) 3 (2.0) 4 (1.7) 3 (1.3) 0 (0) 7 (1.8) 7 (1.5) 12 (7.6) 5 (3.4) 2 (1.3) 13 (5.7) 6 (2.6) 6 (8.3) 13 (3.4) 19 (4.2) 10 (6.3) 7 (4.8) 5 (3.3) 11 (4.8) 11 (4.8) 3 (4.2) 19 (4.9) 22 (4.8) T V, 18 (11.4) 9 (6.1) 20 8 (5.1) 6 (4.1) 6 158 147 152 df=14 = 30.551 p =.006 (13.2) (3.9) 24 14 230 df=7 (10.4) (6.1) = 23 6 227 14.369 (10.1) (2.6) p =.045 9 1 72 df=7 (12.5) (1.4) = 38 19 385 13.801 (9.9) (4.9) p =.055 47 20 457 (10.3) (4.4) <21>, p <.01 p<.05. 4 > >T V,> >,,> > 5-58 -
> > >T V, >, >>> 6 > >T V,> > >, > >...., (28.4%)(37.4%). - 59 -
< 22 >, ( % ), T V, 56 (32.7) 63 (48.5) 7 (17.1) 3 (42.9) 6 (31.6) 10 (45.5) 15 (31.9) 160 (37.0) 88 (51.5) 47 (36.2) 12 (29.3) 0 (0) 6 (31.6) 11 (50.0) 16 (34.0) 180 (41.7) 24 (14.0) 15 (11.5) 14 (34.1) 2 (28.6) 3 (15.8) 1 (4.5) 11 (23.4) 70 (16.2) 3 (1.8) 1 (0.8) 7 (17.1) 2 (28.6) 4 (21.1) 0 (0) 5 (10.6) 22 (5.1) <22>, 37.0% 41.7%. - 60 -
34.1%, 17.1%.. < 23 > ( % ) 48 34 29 15 22 4 (30.4) (21.5) (18.4) (9.5) (13.9) 59 33 8 7 22 5 (40.1) (22.4) (5.4) (4.8) (15.0) 59 38 4 8 18 6 (38.8) (25.0) (2.6) (5.3) (11.8) 76 53 20 14 34 (33.0) (23.0) (8.7) (6.1) (14.8) 90 52 21 16 28 (39.6) (22.9) (9.3) (7.0) (12.3) 28 17 6 6 4 (38.9) (23.6) (8.3) (8.3) (5.6) 138 88 35 24 58 (35.8) (22.9) (9.1) (6.2) (15.1) 166 (36.3) 105 (23.0) 41 (9.0) 30 (6.6) 62 (13.6) 10 (6.3) 18 (12.2) 25 (16.4) 33 (14.3) 20 (8.8) 11 (15.3) 42 (10.9) 53 (11.6) 158 df=10 147 = 152 230 227 72 385 457 37.838 p =.000 df=5 = 5.098 p =.404 df=5 = 5.657 p =.341-6 1 -
< 23> p <.001.,. 36.3% >> >>.. < 24 > ( % ) - 62 -
19 4 (12.0) 10 5 (6.8) 6 6 (3.9) 18 (7.8) 17 (7.5) 4 (5.6) 318 (8.1) 35 (7.7) 40 (25.3) 50 (34.0) 49 (32.2) 69 (30.0) 70 (30.8) 25 (34.7) 114 (29.6) 139 (30.4) 31 (19.6) 19 (12.9) 13 (8.6) 27 (11.7) 36 (15.9) 7 (9.7) 56 (14.5) 63 (13.8) 22 (13.9) 19 (12.9) 21 (13.8) 37 (16.1) 25 (11.0) 8 (11.1) 54 (14.0) 62 (13.6) 33 (20.9) 28 (19.0) 32 (21.1) 47 (20.4) 46 (20.3) 15 (20.8) 78 (20.3) 93 (20.4) 7 (4.4) 6 (4.1) 20 (13.2) 11 (4.8) 22 (9.7) 8 (11.1) 25 (6.5) 33 (7.2) 3 (1.9) 3 (2.0) 1 (0.7) 5 (2.2) 2 (0.9) 2 (2.8) 5 (1.3) 7 (1.5) 3 (1.9) 12 (8.2) 10 (6.6) 16 (7.0) 9 (4.0) 3 (4.2) 22 (5.7) 25 (5.5) 158 df=14 147 = 152 230 227 72 385 457 34.448 p =.002 df=7 = 10.548 p =.160 df=7 = 5.351 p =.617 <24> p<.01. 4, 5, 6. 4, 5 6,.. < 25 > - 63 -
( % ) 19 4 (12.0) 10 5 (6.8) 13 6 (8.6) 22 (9.6) 20 (8.8) 7 (9.7) 35 (9.1) 42 (9.2) 87 (55.1) 89 (60.5) 67 (44.1) 106 (46.1) 137 (60.4) 31 (43.1) 212 (55.1) 243 (53.2) 14 (8.9) 15 (10.2) 19 (12.5) 26 (11.3) 22 (9.7) 12 (16.7) 36 (9.4) 48 (10.5) 4 (2.5) 4 (2.7) 5 (3.3) 5 (2.2) 8 (3.5) 1 (1.4) 12 (3.1) 13 (2.8) 19 (12.0) 10 (6.8) 25 (16.4) 34 (14.8) 20 (8.8) 15 (20.8) 39 (10.1) 54 (11.8) 11 (7.0) 8 (5.4) 17 (11.2) 25 (10.9) 11 (4.8) 3 (4.2) 33 (8.6) 36 (7.9) 4 (2.5) 11 (7.5) 6 (3.9) 12 (5.2) 9 (4.0) 3 (4.2) 18 (4.7) 21 (4.6) 158 df=12 147 = 21.044 152 p =.050 230 df=6 = 227 14.559 p =.024 72 df=6 = 385 12.808 p =.046 457 <35>, p<.05. > > > > > >, >. 20.8%. 9.2% - 64 -
. 4. < 26 >, ( % ) - 65 -
1. 55 (25.6) 39 (15.7) 9 2. (4.2) 11 (4.5) 3. 58 (27.0) 25. (10.3) 4. 32 (14.9) 20 (8.3) 5. ( 46 (21.4) ) 35 (14.5) 6. 12 (5.6). 13 (5.4) 151 7. (70.2) 131 (54.1) 123 (57.2) 113 (47.9) 36 (16.7) 36 (14.9) 115 (53.5) 98 (40.5) 113 (52.6) 85 (35.1) 95 (44.2) 104 (43.0) 21 (9.8) 26 (10.7) 50 (23.3) 78 (32.2) 33 (15.3) 69 (28.5) 83 (38.6) 82 (33.9) 34 (15.8) 89 (36.8) 54 (25.1) 103 (42.6) 61 (28.4) 65 (26.9) 94 (43.7) 93 (38.4) 11 (5.1) 22 (9.1) 4 (1.9) 19 (7.9) 87 (40.5) 113 (46.7) 8 (3.7) 30 (12.4) 16 (7.4) 34 (14.0) 13 (6.0) 38 (15.7) 88 (40.9) 110 (45.5) 3 (1.4) 11 (4.5) 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 df=3 = 24.291 p=.000 df=3 = 1.998 p=.573 df=3 = 50.388 p=.000 df=3 = 27.001 p=.000 df=3 = 12.732 p=.005 df=3 = 1.432 p=.698 df=3 = 14.236 p=.003 <26>. - 66 -
1, 3, 4 p<.001. 82.8% ( 25.6, 57.2%) 63.6( 15.7%, 47.9).. 80.5% ( 27.0%, 53.5%) 50.8( 10.3%, 40.5% ). 80.5%, 50.8%. p<.01 (65.6%) (59.5%). 89.7%. 93.9%, 87.3% p<.01.. - 67 -
< 27 >, ( % ) - 68 -
8., 100 (46.5) 52 (21.5) 9. 97 (45.1) 79 (32.6) 10. 47 (21.9) 39 (16.1) 11. 8 (3.7) 11 (4.5) 12. T V 10 (4.7) 5 (2.1) 13. 34 (15.8) 27 (11.2) 93 (43.3) 124 (51.2) 86 (40.0) 94 (38.8) 72 (33.5) 914 (37.6) 49 (22.8) 36 (14.9) 30 (14.0) 15 (6.2) 38 (17.7) 47 (19.4) 16 (7.4) 41 (16.9) 24 (11.2) 53 (21.9) 70 (32.6) 63 (26.0) 93 (43.3) 111 (45.9) 59 (27.4) 68 (28.1) 74 (24.4) 823 (33.9) 6 (2.8) 25 (10.3) 8 (3.7) 16 (6.6) 26 (12.1) 49 (20.2) 65 (30.2) 840 (34.7) 116 (54.0) 154 (63.6) 69 (32.1) 86 (35.5) 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 215 242 df=3 = 40.744 p =.000 df=3 = 14.240 p =.003 df=3 = 8.816 p =.032 df=3 = 4.895 p =.180 df=3 = 11.096 p =.011 df=3 = 2.444 p =.485 <27> p<.001 89.8%, 72.7%. - 69 -
85.1%, 71.4% p<.01. p<.05. 56.4%, 53.7%. T V p<.05 (18.7% ) (8.3%).,. <28> p<.001. 21.9%, 7.4%, 9.8% 8.3%, 6.6%, 12.4%. - 70 -
< 28 >, ( % ) 14. 21 (9.8) 30 (12.4) 16 (7.4) 16 (6.6) 50 (23.3) 63 (26.0) 47 (21.9) 20 (8.3) 70 (32.6) 68 (28.1) 11 (5.1) 45 (18.6) 215 242 df=5 = 33.157 p =.000 < 29 >, ( % ) (50.7) 69 (4.7) 8 15. 109 10 8 11 77 215 df=4 (28.5) (3.3) (3.7) 10 (4.1) (5.1) 12 (5.0) (35.8) 143 (59.1) 242 = 27.778 p =.000 <29> p<.001-7 1 -
. 50.7% 28.5%. 59.1%. - 72 -
V. 1.,.,..,,?,,?,?,? 4 439( 230, 227). 340. - 73 -
.,.., 6...,..... - 74 -
...,,,,.,... 9.2%.,.,,,,,, p<.001.,,. - 75 -
2..,,. (1997) 6 4, (1999).. (1997).., - 76 -
.,.. 1983....,,,. (1992), (1997).. (1987) 44.5%, (199 ) 70%. (2000) 55% - 77 -
..,,..,.,,.,,,. (, )(1992) 59.5% 45.3%.., (1997) - 78 -
. (1991),,,,. (1998). 1, 2.., (1997)..... - 79 -
- 80 -.
(1998). 98 100-1 (1993). ( 98). (1989).. (1993).. (1998).. (2000).. 43 (1999). (1983).. (1991), 91 MBC (1999). 9. (1996).. (1990).. (1998).. (1990).. (1990).. (1997).. ( 97 ) (1996).. (2000).,. /. - 8 1 -
(1999).. (2000).. /. (1998).. (1997).. (1997).. (1988).. (1999).. (1997).,. (1997).. (1997). - -. (1998).. (1998).. - 82 -
(1991).,. (1998).. (1987).. (1999).. (1989).. - 83 -
A B S T RA CT T he purpose of this study w as to surv ey sexual know ledge lev el and attitude to sex of elem entary school children and actual situation of sex education, then to inv estigat e the r elation s betw een sexual knowledge lev el and attitude to it. F or attaining the purpose, following resear ch question s w er e posed: Fir st, what is the differ ence of elementary school childr en ' s sexual know ledge levels accor ding to sex distinction, gr ade, and experiences of contacting ob scene materials? Second, what kind of relation s do element ary school childr en hav e betw een attitude to sex and experiences of contacting ob scene materials? T hird, what is the actual state of sex education of elementary school children w ere given? F ourth, how much ar e sexual know ledge lev el and attitude to sex related to each other? T he subject s of this study w ere all 457 of 4, 5 and 6 gr ader s of elementary school childr en in the area of Inchon. F or the test in strument, a questionnaire consisted of 40 question s, had been m ade by my self based on pre- studies w as used. T he collected data w ere analyzed by SPSS program. - 84 -
T he results of this study were as follow s : First, children ' s sexual knowledge level w as generally low. T he highest one w as how a baby w as born and the low est one w as a knowledge of self- abu se. A ccording to sex distinction, girls ' sexual know ledge lev el w as higher than boy s ' and to gr ades, the highest one w as 6 grader s '. Only half of the children knew about m en struation and w et dr eam correctly, sexual knowledge lev el about sexual attacking w ere relatively low. Second, in analy sis of attitude t o sex, generally, positive an sw er s w ere m ade up large per centage about adolescent phy sical change, sexual attacking, defer ence of men and w omen, division of roles of m en and w omen and purity. About having acquaintances w ith the other sex, half of them w er e positiv e and the other s w ere negativ e, and about self- abu se, negativ e thought s w er e more. T he lar ger per centage of children show ed negative thought s about affectionat e expr ession, abortion and feeling of sex. T hird, many childr en got sexual know ledge and information from parent s or school. Children w ho thought sex education and sex information w ere helpful w ere more than childr en w ho did not think that, and w hen they had been given sex education fist - 85 -
tim e, children had felt w onder and shameful made up larger per centage. T he content of sex education which children w anted m ost w as about adolescent phy sical change, then the pr ev ention of sex attacking w as the next. When they had sexual pr oblem, they coun seled with m ostly their parent s, then children who did not coun sel w ere next. Childr en r egar ded teacher as coun selor w er e only 9.2%. F ourth, in comparison with attitude to sex according to sexual know ledge lev el, high posited gr oup show ed generally positiv e thought s to all question s than low one. About the attitude to phy sical change, self- abu se, necessity of know ing body of each sex, acquaintance w ith the other sex, differ ence of ability according to sex, feeling of sex and purity, tw o gr oups show ed significant differ ence that high posited group answ er ed mor e positiv ely than low one. Besides that, in attitude to sexual att acking, role of men and w omen and sex distinction by appearance, significant difference w ere shown. - 86 -
?.... 20009 1.. 2... 1. : 4 5 6 2. : - 87 -
3., P C.. 1.? 2.? 3.? (,, ) ( ) 4.? 5.? ( ) - 88 -
6.? 7. (,, ). 8.. 9. ( ). 10.,. 11... 1.? ( ) - 89 -
2.?. 3.. 4.. 5.. 6.. 7. ( ) 8.. 9.. 10.,. 11.. 12.. 13.. 14. T V. 15.. - 90 -
. 1, 2 8. 9. 1. (, )? (.) - 2-3 - 4-5 - 6, - 7 T V, - 8-9 2.? 3.? - 9 1 -
4.? 5.? 6.? 7.,? 8. T V,? 9.? ( ) - 92 -
10.? ( ) ( ) 11.? ( ). - 93 -