歯 F.PDF

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고영재 노
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32 . 39 T OGS (T he T est of Graphing in Science). 1., T OGS (McKenzie, 1984). T OGS T OGS,,. T OGS 0.83(KR- 20). T OGS 0.85( : 0.72, : 0.76). - 1 (% )

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35 x AN OVA (S S ) (df) (M S ) F * p<.05 post hoc Bonferroni. post hoc Bonferroni (i - j)

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43 (1998).., 16(2), ,,, (1995)... (1999)... (2000). ( )SPSS : DOS Windows 9.0.,, (1995).. ( ).,, (1995)...,, (1995)...,,, (1995).. ( ), (1997).., 17(1), ,,,,,,,,.,, (1995)...,, (1995).. ( ).,, (1995).. ( ).,,,,,,,,,,, (1995)...,,,, (1995).. ( ).,,,, (1995).. ( ).,,, (1995). ( ).,,,,,,,, (1995)... McKenzie D., & Padilla, M. (1986). T he construction and validation of the test of Graphing in Science(T OGS ). Journal of Research in

44 Science T eaching, 23, Lohse, G. L. (1993) A Cognitive Model for Under standing Graphical Perception, Human- Computer Interaction, 8(4), Jones, R. W. et al. (1999). investigating student of understanding graphs: a successful methodology and results of a study, National Association for Research in Science T eaching. Pinker, S. (1990). A theory of graph comprehension. in R. Freedle(Ed.), Artificial Intelligence and the Future of T esting (73-126). Hillsdale, N. J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Fisher, M. A. (1992). Categorization, or schema selection in graph comp rehension. A Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Am e rican Educational Research Association, SanFrancisco, CA (ERIC Docment Reproduction Service NO. ED ). Roth, W. M. & McGinn, M. K. (1997). Graphing : Cognitive Ability or Practice? Science Education, 81(1), Roth, W. M. et al. (1999). Differences in Graph- Related Practices between High School Biology T extbooks and Scientific Ecology Journals, Journal of Research in Science T eaching, 36(9),

45 A BSTRA CT An Empirical Investigating in the Interpretation and Comprehension of Line Graphs Kim, Eun M i Major in Physics Ed ucation Gradu ate Sch ool of Korea N ation al University of Ed ucation. Chung-Buk, KOREA Su p erv ised by Professor Kim, Beom -Ki, Ph. D. A ccording t o a research, stu dent s feel difficulties to com prehen d a scientific concept becam e if a lack of th eir graphing abilities so m any studies about how stu dent perceiv e and comprehen d graph s h av e been b ein g proceeded an d m any m odels if graphing perception and cognition hav e b een bein g present ed. How ev er, still, there is no em pirical stu dy about how stu dent s read, and int erpret graph s in science edu cation of korea T hu s, this research is based on a em pirical inv estigation det erm in ed on the lin e graph w ith Grapin g Compon ent s dev eloped by Johnes. Specifically the purpose of this research is t o find a st atistically significant order in w hich the part s of a graph t end t o be view ed by readers. and t o m easure the am ount of specifically significant tim e reader s spen d view in g each com pon ent. In result, stu dent hav e a reading habit to view the dat a fir st, legend secon d an d title la st, and th ey spent significant tim e t o view x - label the m ost, title

46 less an d leg end th e lea st. this result sh ow s that they spend m ost tim e t o int erpret in dependent v ariables. In con clu sion, student s has readin g habit s t o view rapidly x - ax is scale alm ost st th e som etim e and to find the an sw er throu gh legend and x - label. A thesis submitted to the Committee of the Graduate School of Korea N ational University of Education in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Education in Au gu st,

48 [ 1]. ' :, ' : 'form 1: Private Sub Cmd_Click() Dim check A s Byte ' 0 1. check = 0 If man.value = T rue T hen data.sex = "M" ElseIf woman.value = T rue T hen data.sex = "W " Else MsgBox " " check = 1 End If If Option1.Value = T rue T hen data.grd = "1" ElseIf Option2.Value = T rue T hen data.grd = "2" ElseIf Option3.Value = T rue T hen data.grd = "3" ElseIf Option4.Value = T rue T hen data.grd = "4"

49 Else MsgBox " " check = 1 End If Open "data.txt" For Output A s #1 'data txt. temp = "start > > " + "," + data.sex + "," + data.grd Print #1, temp Close #1 If check = 0 T hen F orm2.show '. Unload Me End If End Sub 'form 2 : Private Sub Comm and1_click () Form4.Show '. Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() T xt.t ext = ".." End Sub 'form4 form

50 Private Sub Comm and1_click () '. Form5.Show Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() T ext 1.T ext = ", y, y, x, x,... " End Sub 'form5 form Private Sub Comm and1_click () '. Form6.Show Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() T ext 1.T ext = " ' '

51 ." End Sub 'form6 form Private Sub Comm and1_click () '. Form3.Show Unload Me End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() T ext 1.T ext = ". 3 a b?" End Sub 'form lable backsty le 1 0. Private Sub Label1_Click() If Label1.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label1.BackSty le = 0 Label1.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label2_Click() If Label2.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label2.BackSty le = 0 Label2.Caption = "" End If End Sub

52 Private Sub Label3_Click() If Label3.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label3.BackSty le = 0 Label3.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label4_Click() If Label4.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label4.BackSty le = 0 Label4.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label5_Click() If Label5.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label5.BackSty le = 0 Label5.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label6_Click() If Label6.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label6.BackSty le = 0 Label6.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label7_Click() If Label7.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label7.BackSty le = 0 Label7.Caption = ""

53 End If End Sub 'form3 form Option Explicit Dim temp1, temp2, temp3 ' temp temp1, temp2, temp3 Dim tempcount A s Integer ' Dim ttot As String ' Dim outtemp As String ' Private Sub Comm and1_click () ' lable. Dim sum, sumtot As String ' data.txt temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) InputBox " " '. tempcount = tempcount + 1 '

54 Open "data.txt" For Input As #1 ' data.txt. Line Input #1, sumtot Do Until EOF (1) Line Input #1, sum sumtot = sumtot + sum Loop Close #1 Open "data.txt" For Output As #1 ' data.txt data.txt. outtemp = sumtot + ttot + " ## " Print #1, outtemp Close #1 ttot = "" '. Call setup ' setup. Call reset 'lable reset. MsgBox T ext 1.T ext, vbokonly, " " '. temp1 = T imer '. End Sub Private Sub setup() ' tempcount. Select Case tempcount '

55 Case 1 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex 1.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 1. A B. A 40 m B 40 m?" Case 2 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex2.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 2. A, B, C?" Case 3 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex3.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 3. A, B 4?" Case 4 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex4.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " m/ s A B?""" Case 5 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex5.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 5. A. A?" Case 6 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex6.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 6. V,?" Case 7 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex7.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 7. (Na) (Zn)?" Case 8 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex8.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = "

56 2, 6000 db?" Case 9 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex9.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " ?" Case 10 Picture1.Picture = LoadPicture("c:\ \ ex 10.bmp") T ext 1.T ext = " 10.,,?" Case Else '. MsgBox "." End End Select End Sub Private Sub reset () 'lable reset Label1.BackSty le = 1 Label2.BackSty le = 1 Label3.BackSty le = 1 Label4.BackSty le = 1 Label5.BackSty le = 1 Label6.BackSty le = 1 Label7.BackSty le = 1 Label1.Caption = " " Label2.Caption = "y " Label3.Caption = "X "

57 Label4.Caption = "y " Label5.Caption = "X " Label6.Caption = " " Label7.Caption = " " End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() tempcount = 1 ' Call setup ' setup. ttot = "" '. temp1 = T imer ' MsgBox " 1. A B. A 40 m B 40 m?", vbokonly, " " End Sub 'form lable backstyle 1 0 ttot. Private Sub Label1_Click() If Label1.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label1.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 1" ' ttot Label1.Caption = "" End If End Sub

58 Private Sub Label2_Click() If Label2.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label2.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 2" ' ttot Label2.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label3_Click() If Label3.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label3.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 3" ' ttot Label3.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label4_Click() If Label4.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label4.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 4" ' ttot Label4.Caption = "" End If End Sub

59 Private Sub Label5_Click() If Label5.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label5.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 5" ' ttot Label5.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label6_Click() If Label6.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label6.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 6" ' ttot Label6.Caption = "" End If End Sub Private Sub Label7_Click() If Label7.BackStyle = 1 T hen Label7.BackSty le = 0 temp2 = T imer '. temp3 = temp2 temp2 = temp2 - temp1 temp1 = temp3 ttot = ttot + Str (temp2) + " 7" ' ttot Label7.Caption = "" End If End Sub

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정봉수.PDF

정봉수.PDF A pplic ation of Continu ou s P re fle x Com po s it e Girder to Rig id F ram e by V ertic al Lo adin g 2001 2 A pplic ation of Continu ou s P re fle x Com po s it e Girder to Rig id F ram e by V ertic

歯 F.PDF

歯 F.PDF