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1 Journal of Korean Society of Oral Health Science Vol. 1 No. 1 pp.107~115 October 2013 ISSN : 일부지역대학생의구강보건지식과구강건강인식에대한조사 윤현서, 남유영, 유현아, 김혜진, 이민경, 이정화 동의대학교치위생학과 A Survey on Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Health Perception of University Students in Some Districts Hyun-Seo Yoon, You-Young Nam, Hyun-A Ryu, Hye-Jin Kim, Min-Kyung Lee, Jung-Hwa Lee Dept. of Dental Hygiene, Doung-eui University ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to survey the oral health knowledge and the oral health perception of university students in some districts. It divided it into by department for one month in March of 2013, surveyed totally 310 people, and then finally analyzed 302 people. The results are as follows. In the oral health care knowledge, a percentage of correct answers as saying of 'needing to receive regular check-up once per 6 months' was the highest with 97.7%. A percentage of correct answers as saying that 'food of containing lots of sugar is good for health of teeth' was the lowest with 10.9%. The oral health knowledge according to general characteristics was high in women(p=0.036). The age was the highest in years old and was the lowest in years old(p=0.001). In department, the health department was indicated to be the highest. The natural-science department was indicated to be low, thereby having shown difference(p<0.001). In academic year, sophomore was the highest. Senior was indicated to be the lowest(p=0.030). A case of non-smoking was high in knowledge level(p=0.027). A case of not having part-time job was indicated to be high in knowledge level(p=0.032). A case of recognizing that the whole health status is very healthy was low in oral health perception level(p<0.001). The more perception as saying that the oral health status is very healthy led to the lower even in the oral health perception level(p<0.001). To improve the oral health of college students develop a systematic curriculum and teaching methods are needed for the distressed people. Key words : Oral health knowledge, Oral health perception, Subjective oral health Corresponding author(yoonhs@deu.ac.kr)

2 Journal of Korean Society of Oral Health Science Vol.1 No.1 October 2013 Ⅰ. 서론 오늘날구강건강에대한개념은상병에이환되어있지않고허약하지않을뿐만아니라정신적으로나육체적으로사회생활에장애가되지않는치아와구강악안면조직기관의상태이며 [1], 유전적으로나환경적으로주어진조건아래에서적절한생리적구강기능을나타내는상태라고정의되어있다 [2]. 오늘날건강의개념은단순한심신의건강만을의미하는것이아니라사회생활의개념으로까지확대되어삶에있어건강은필수적인요소이며, 특히그중하나인구강건강의비중은계속적으로증가추세에있다 [1]. 전세계적으로발생빈도가가장높은구강병인양대구강병은치아우식증과치주조직병이다. 치아우식증과치주조직병은공중구강보건학과예방치학의분야에서장기간많은노력을기울이고있으나지난 30년간계속증가되는양상을나타내고있다 [3,4]. 2012년국민구강건강실태조사에서우리나라국민이치아의기능을잃게되는원인으로치아우식증은 55.22%, 치주조직병은 9.25% 로나타났다 [5]. 또한 2010년도한국보건사회연구의보고에의하면만성질환으로치주질환이 3위, 치아우식증이 8위로나타났으며 [6], 건강보험심사평가원의발표자료에서도성인의경우 22.6% 가치아우식증과관련한진료를받은것으로나타났다 [7]. 구강건강에있어서발생의빈도가높고치아의손실의가장큰원인이되는치아우식증과치주질환을체계적으로관리하기위한예방법과지속적인관리프로그램이필요하다. 개인의구강질환을예방하고건강한구강상태를유지하기위해서는정기적치과방문과, 올바른칫솔질방법및보관법, 올바른식습관등과같은구강보건관련올바른지식을습득하는것이무엇보다중요할것이다. 그러나현재구강보건교육은유치원과초등학교저학년을대상으로하는교육이이루어지고있으나, 초등학교고학년부터는거의이루어지 지못하고있는실정이다 [8]. 학령기에형성되지못한구강보건교육에대한지식들은대학생이되었어도제대로관리하기가힘들다. 특히대학생들은성인이며생활적인부분에서독립적으로행동하거나판단을하기에이시기의구강보건관련지식은관리행태에도많은영향을주어개인의평생구강건강에중요한영향을줄수있다 [9]. 구강보건지식의효율적인전달부분에있어서놓쳐서안되는부분이개인의인식부분이다. 획일화된구강보건교육이아니라개인에게맞는구강보건교육이무엇보다요구되고있다. 이는이 [10] 의연구결과에서객관적인임상검사결과보다는본인이직접인지하고판단하는것이구강건강증진에관련성이더높은것으로나타났다. 주관적으로느끼는건강상태에따라서관리법이달라지고개인이판단하는기준이달라진다는것이다. 이에본연구에서는일부지역대학생들의구강보건지식과인식에대하여조사하고이에맞는구강보건교육프로그램개발에기초자료를제공하고자한다. II. 연구대상및방법 1. 연구대상 본연구는 2013년 3월 11일부터 3월 31일까지부산지역일부대학재학생을대상으로인문사회계열, 자연과학계열, 공과계열, 의료보건계열과학년별로구분하여연구의목적과취지를설명하고동의한학생을대상으로자기기입식설문조사를실시하였다. 총 310명을조사하였으나응답이불충분한 8명을제외한 302명 (97.4%) 을최종분석하였다. 2. 연구방법설문지는윤 [11] 의논문을참고로하여본연구

3 A Survey on Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Health Perception of University Students in Some Districts 목적에맞도록수정 보완하였다. 설문지구성은구강건강관리지식 20문항, 구강건강인식은 6문항, 자신이생각하는전반적인건강상태와구강상태각 1문항으로구성하였으며, 일반적특성은성별, 연령, 혈액형, 학과계열, 학년, 월총소득, 총가족수등을포함한 11문항으로구성하였다. 3. 분석방법수집된자료는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을이용해서분석하였다. 일반적특성, 구강건강관리지식, 구강건강인식빈도분석을하였고, 일반적특성에따라구강건강관리지식과구강건강인식수준을알아보기위해 t-test와일원배치분산분석 (ANOVA) 을실시하였다. III. 연구결과 1. 연구대상자의일반적특성 조사대상자의일반적인특성은 <Table 1> 과같다. 연구대상자 302명중남자가 43.7%, 여자가 56.3% 였고, 연령은 18-20세와 21-22세가각각 31.8%, 23-24세 24.9%, 25-27세가 11.5% 순이였으며, 혈액형은 A형 31.1%, B형 29.1%, AB형 17.9%, O형 21.9% 였다. 학과계열은인문사회계열 22.2%, 자연과학계열 30.7%, 공과계열 24.5%, 의료보건계열 22.5% 이였고, 학년은 1학년 32.1%, 2학년 23.5%, 3학년 26.2%, 4 학년 18.2% 였다. 월평균총소득은 200만원미만이 13.9%, 201~300 만원미만이 14.9%, 301~400만원미만이 28.8%, 401~500만원미만이 21.9%, 501만원이상이 20.5% 였 고, 가족수는 1-3명이 17.3%, 4명이 63.2% 로가장많았고 5명이상이 19.5% 였다. 흡연여부에서 예 가 16.9%, 음주횟수는 안마신다 가 28.7%, 주 1-2회 가 41.7%, 주 3-4회 가 14.2%, 주 5-6회 가 4.0% 주 7회 가 1.3% 였다. 아르바이트는 예 가 28.5%, 이성친구는 예 가 39.1% 였다. 2. 구강건강관리지식수준조사대상자의구강건강관리지식수준은 <Table 2> 와같다. 구강건강관리지식도파악을위한설문에서 6개월에한번씩정기검진을받아야한다 의정답률이 97.7% 로가장높았고, 치아는음식물을씹고, 말하고, 입모양유지기능이있다 의정답률이 97.4%, 잇솔질을할때피가나면치주질환이다 의정답률이 96.4% 순으로높게나타났다. 당분이많이함유된음식은치아건강에좋다 의정답률은 10.9% 로가장낮게나타났고, 잇솔질을세게할수록치아건강에좋다 의정답률이 13.6%, 치통이있을때약만먹어도된다 의정답률이 18.9% 순으로낮게나타났다. 3. 구강건강인식응답률구강건강인식에대한응답률은 <Table 3> 과같다. ' 잇몸상태가안좋다고생각한다 ' 에 ' 그렇다.' 고응답한사람이 103명 (34.1%) 로가장많았고, ' 나는입냄새가난다고생각한다 ' 에 128명 (42.4%), ' 나는치열상태가나쁘다고생각한다 ' 에 93명 (30.8%), ' 나는이가누렇다고생각한다 ' 에 122명 (40.4%) 비율로 ' 보통이다 ' 라고응답한사람이가장많았다. ' 나는치료받을것이있다고생각한다 ' 에 ' 그렇지않다 ' 가 126명 (41.7%) 으로가장높게나타났다

4 Journal of Korean Society of Oral Health Science Vol.1 No.1 October 2013 <Table 1> General characteristics of study subjects Characteristic Classification N % Gender Age Blood type Department of Science Grade Mon household gross income Family members Smoke drinking times part-time job Male Female A B AB O Humanities and Social Natural science Engineering Health care <200만원 ~ ~ ~ < < Yes No No ~2회 ~4회 ~6회 회 Yes No Yes Girlfriend No Total

5 A Survey on Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Health Perception of University Students in Some Districts <Table 2> Level of oral health knowledge For oral health knowledge Correct answers can(n) Tooth have functions that chewing foods, speaking, maintaining shapes Kids have 18 baby teeth in total Adults have 30 permanent teeth in total. (except wisdom tooth) Sometimes can`t feel the pain when tooth decays (decayed tooth), Don`t need get treatment at baby tooth Decayed tooth or periodontal disease will become worse if don`t brush one`s teeth It is periodontal disease if bleeding when brush one`s teeth Periodontal disease makes tooth loose, and can`t chew the food You should brush your tongue when you brush your teeth If baby teeth comes out early, around teeth slant When you have toothache, you can just take a medicine Food contained much sugar is good for tooth health It is desirable that picking one`s teeth Hard tooth brush head can clean one`s teeth more clean than soft one Brushing your teeth hard is good for tooth health The best time of brushing one`s teeth is right after a meal You should have regular checkups at once every six months Correct answers can(%) You should change your tooth brush at once every 3 months So for your upper teeth, you brush from top to bottom, and from bottom to top for your lower teeth Oral health runs in family <Table 3> Response rate of oral health awareness Characteristic Very Yes So so No Never I think smells 39(12.9) 98(32.5) 128(42.4) 31(10.3) 6(2.0) I do not think that periodontal status 37(12.3) 103(34.1) 100(33.1) 57(18.9) 5(1.7) I think bad dental condition 59(19.5) 77(25.5) 93(30.8) 54(17.9) 19(6.3) Author thinks that nureotda 16(5.3) 57(18.9) 122(40.4) 96(31.8) 11(3.6) I think that would be treated 22(7.3) 50(16.6) 74(24.5) 126(41.7) 30(9.9) I think that a cavity 41(13.6) 63(20.9) 70(23.2) 105(34.8) 23(7.6) N(%)

6 Journal of Korean Society of Oral Health Science Vol.1 No.1 October 일반적특성에따른구강보건지식과구강건강인식수준 일반적특성에따른구강보건지식과구강건강인식수준은 <Table 4> 와같다. 일반적특성에따른구강보건지식은여성이높았고 (p=0.036), 연령에서는 21-22세가가장높았고, 25-27세가가장낮게나타났다 (p=0.001). 계열에서는보건계열이가장높게나 타났고, 자연과학계열이낮게나타나차이를보였으며 (p<0.001), 학년에서는 2학년이가장높았고 4학년이가장낮게나타났다 (p=0.030). 흡연을하지않는경우지식수준이높았고 (p=0.027), 아르바이트를하지않는경우지식수준이높게나타났다 (p=0.032). 일반적특성에따른구강건강인식도는남자가높았고, 18-20세가높았으며, 이성친구가없는경우높게나타났으나통계적으로유의하지는않았다. <Table 4> According to the general characteristics of dental health knowledge and oral health awareness Characteristic Classification Oral Health Knowledge(20) Oral Health Awareness(30) Gender Age Blood type Department of Science Grade Mon household gross income Family members Male 15.21± ±4.56 Female 15.85± ±4.25 p ±2.28b 17.59± ±2.60b 16.89± ±2.63b 17.36± ±3.12a 17.28±5.77 p A 15.65± ±4.35 B 15.57± ±3.97 AB 15.24± ±4.99 O 15.74± ±4.36 p Humanities and Social 15.76±2.18bc 17.28±4.55 Natural science 14.69±2.76a 17.12±4.66 Engineering 15.62±2.52b 17.39±4.21 Health care 16.54±2.67c 17.35±4.11 p p< ±2.30b 17.80± ±2.32b 16.82± ±2.64ab 16.95± ±3.36a 17.40±5.28 p <200만원 15.45± ± ~ ± ± ~ ± ± ~ ± ± < 15.73± ±4.52 p ± ± ± ±4.11 5< 15.47± ±4.43 p

7 A Survey on Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Health Perception of University Students in Some Districts Characteristic Classification Oral Health Knowledge(20) Oral Health Awareness(30) Yes 14.82± ±5.52 Smoke No 15.70± ±4.13 p drinking times part-time job Girlfriend No 15.44± ±4.83 1~2회 15.48± ±4.03 3~4회 16.28± ±4.17 5~6회 15.75± ±4.74 7회 14.00± ±4.19 p Yes 15.06± ±4.38 No 15.78± ±4.39 p Yes 15.36± ±4.57 No 15.71± ±4.23 p 전반적인건강상태및구강상태에따른구강건강인식수준 조사대상자의전반적인건강상태및구강상태에따른구강건강인식은 <Table 5> 와같다. 건강신념총점은최저 6점 ~ 최고30점으로낮을수록구강건강인식에대한기대치가높다는것을의미한다. 구강 건강인식평균값이낮아질수록건강상태와구강상태가전혀건강하지않다고응답하였다. 매우건강하다 고답변한응답자의건강신념은 13.96점, 구강상태가 매우건강하다 고답변한응답자의건강신념은 11.26점으로건강및구강상태가양호한응답자일수록건강인식수준이높은것으로평가할수있었다 (p=0.000). <Table 5> Overall health status and oral status of oral health in accordance with the level of awareness Characteristic health status Classification Health awareness Mean±S.D F p Is not healthy at all 22.66± *** Is not healthy 18.30±4.552 Is usually 18.06±3.359 Healthy 16.68±4.225 It is very healthy 13.96±5.391 Is not healthy at all 22.50± *** Is not healthy 19.63±3.749 oral status Is usually 17.70±3.508 Healthy 15.21±3.206 It is very healthy 11.26±

8 Journal of Korean Society of Oral Health Science Vol.1 No.1 October 2013 IV. 고찰 과거치료목적의구강건강관리법에서인식의변화로치아우식증과치주질환을예방하기위한다양한방법들이모색이되어오고있으며, 특히구강보건교육에대한인식이높아지고있다 [12]. 이는적은비용으로많은효율을가지고올수있으며, 특히주관적인구강건강인식에대한관심이높아지고있는시점에서는더욱더중요하겠다. 개인의구강보건지식수준이관리행태에영향을주게되고이를바탕으로본인의구강건강상태를인지하고판단하기때문에중요성이부각되고있는실정이다 [10]. 일반적인특성에서흡연과음주여부에서는흡연을하는경우 16.9% 로나타나박과문 [13] 의연구에서 23.7% 보다낮아차이를보였으며, 음주에서는마시지않는다가 28.7% 로나타나박과문 [13] 의연구와유사한결과를보였다. 구강건강관리지식에서치주질환과관련된지식수준은평균 82.7로높은편으로나타났으며, 이는성인을대상으로한박과문 [13] 의논문에서치아우식증은 34.9%, 치주질환 32.9% 보다높게나타났다. 이는본연구는대학생이대상이되고박과문 [13] 의연구에서는 40대이상이 50% 에가까운것을감안하여도다소큰차이를보이고있다. 일반적특성에따른구강보건지식수준은성별에서는여자가남자보다높았으며 (p=0.036), 이는윤과김 [14] 의연구와일치하는결과였으며 Jassem Al-Ansari의연구결과에서 10점만점에 7.4점과유사한결과를보였다 [15]. 학년에서는 2학년이가장높은 16.1점으로나타났으나, 윤과김 [14] 의연구에서는 3학년이가장높은것으로나타나차이를보였다. 이는대상자가보건계열학생만을대상으로한것에서차이를보이는것으로사료된다. 학과계열에따른지식수준을살펴보면보건계열이전반적인구강보건지식수준이 16.54점으로가장높았으며이는이등 [16] 의논문에서보건계열학생들이칫솔질과불소, 구강질환의유전등과같은구 강보건지식이보건계열이높게나타난것과일치하였다. 주관적건강상태에대한구강건강인식수준에서는건강하다고인식하는경우 16.68점, 매우건강하다고인식하는경우 13.96점으로낮게나타나긍정적으로판단하는것으로나타났으며, 이는김등 [17] 의연구에서전신적인건강이좋지못하다고인식하는경우구강건강상태인식도역시나타난결과와일치하였다. 물론김등 [17] 의연구는노인을대상으로하여그정도가더심하게나타나긴했으나상당부분일치하였다. 본연구는일부지역대학생을대상으로하여지역이다소편중되어전체를대표할수없기때문에이연구의결과를일반화하여확대해석하기에는부족한점이있다. 그러나대학생들을대상으로구강보건지식과구강건강인식수준을파악한연구들이많이이루어지지못한점을감안하여본논문을계기로하여추가적인많은연구들이이루어져야할것이다. 또한구강건강에관심이적은시기인대학생들의구강건강향상을위한체계적인교육내용개발과교육방법에대한고민들이필요할것으로사료된다. 참고문헌 1. Dental health materials development committee: Public oral health. Seoul, Komunsa. pp.6, Lim BC: Public oral health. Seoul, Chung Ku Publisher, pp.13, Kang SY, Kim JB: A Study on the Casuses and Needs for Extraction of Teeth in Korean. Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 7(1):7-20, Dental Prevention Study Group: Preventive dentistry. Seoul, Kunsa, pp.113, Ministry of Health & Welfare: National Oral

9 A Survey on Oral Health Knowledge and Oral Health Perception of University Students in Some Districts Health Survey. Seoul, Ministry of Health & Welfare, pp.1-178, National Health Insurance Service: One quarter of primary health care statistics. Seoul, National Health Insurance Service, Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service: Press screening for caries determined, Seoul, Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Jung YH, Sin HM: The Effects of Oral Health Education Activities in Kindergarten and Elementary Schools. The journal of Korea Early Childhood Education 16(2): , Kim YH: Comparative Study of the Students' Oral Health Knowledge and Behavior between the Elementary Schools With or Without Dental Clinic. Journal of the Korea Contents Association 12(1): , Lee EJ: A study on self-perception of oral health, oral health behavior recognition and oral health practice of adult. Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 34(4): , Yoon HS: A Study on Knowledge and Use of Oral Hygiene Devices among Adults, Journal of Dental Hygiene Science September 9(3): , Choi HS, Hawng SH: Impact of Oral Health Education on the Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of College Students. The Journal of Korean Society for School Health Education 11(1):7-15, Park HR, Moon SJ: Connections between the Subjective Awareness Characteristics of Oral Health of Certain Adults and Their Oral Health Knowledge and Practice Behavior of Oral Health. Journal of the Korea Contents Association 13(1): , Yoon HS, Kim YS: Relationship between oral health knowledge and behavior - in college students. J Kor Soc. Hygienic Science 12(2):69-77, Jassem Al-Ansari, Eino Honkala, Sisko Honkala: Oral health knowledge and behavior amomg male health sciences college students in kuwait. BMC Oral Health 3(2), Lee JD, Shin DM, Park JT: Oral Hygiene knowledge and the actual condition of oral care for the students in the public health and non-public health departments. Journal of Korean Acedemy of Dental Technology 34(4): , Kim NH, Kim HD, Han DH, Jin BH, Paik DI: Relationship between perceived oral symptoms and perceived oral health status among the elderly in welfare institutions in Seoul. Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 30(2): , 접수일자 2013년 9월 23일심사일자 2013년 10월 1일게재확정일자 2013년 10월 8일

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of