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1 J. Korean Home Econ. Assoc. Vol. 50 No. 6, 43-54, October e-issn p-issn Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association The Effects of Middle School Students Self-Efficacy on Clothing Behavior and Contents Application of the Unit Preparing and Managing Clothes Department of Clothing & Textiles, Kyungbook National University Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the factor structure of self-efficacy, clothing behaviors, contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes and the effects of self-efficacy on clothing behavior and contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes. Questionnaires were administered to 201 girl students in middle school, living in the Daegu area. Frequency, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression were used for data analysis. The findings are as follows. Self-efficacy was composed of five factors, namely interpersonal skills, task performance skills, anxiety, planned performance, and challenging action. Clothing behavior was composed of five factors, namely pleasure, coordinated clothes, uniform preference, learning behavior, and fashion oriented. Contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes was composed of two factors, namely usefulness of lectures in general, and usefulness of Hanbok lecture. The effects of clothing behavior and contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes on each of the self-efficacy variables, like interpersonal skills, task performance skills, anxiety, planned performance, and challenging action were explained by factors such as pleasure, coordinated clothes, uniform preference, learning behavior and fashion oriented, and usefulness of lectures in general and usefulness of Hanbok lecture. (self-efficacy), (clothing behavior), (the unit preparing and managing clothes ) Corresponding Author : Eun-Hee Park, Department of Clothing & Textiles, Kyungbook National University, 80, daehangro, Buk-go, Daegu, , Korea, Tel: , Fax: , parkh1987@hanmail.net Copyright 2012, The Korean Home Economics Association. All rights reserved

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5 Table 1. Factor analysis for self-efficacy Factor Variables Loading Eigen value Accumulation variance (%) Interpersonal skills Task performance skills Anxiety Planned performance Challenging action I can express myself well in front of many people..78 I present with confidence in front of lots of people in class or public meeting..78 I am good at presiding or being a leader in a group..76 I can lead conversation with a number of the opposite sex at first brush..75 I deliver exactly what I think in front of lots of people..72 I can attract interest from the other side, in conversation with a member of the opposite sex..70 I'm capable of dealing well with dangerous situations..80 I'm capable of coping with difficult situations..79 I'm capable of distinguishing what I can and what I.75 I'm capable of making good use of information to do the work given..71 My judgement on a problem is usually correct..68 When faced with a big problem, I can't do anything, and feel anxious..88 When faced with a difficult problem, I am all in a fog..86 When threatened, I feel too stressed, more than.65 I always establish my goal, and check my progress on the basis of the goal..80 I tend to deal with things systematically..79 If I have a choice on what to do, I'd choose easier courses of action than choose difficult ones..80 I prefer rather difficult things, to easy ones Cronbach s α (Mean).89 (3.03).87 (3.47).77 (3.05).64 (3.05).58 (2.59)

express myself well in front of many people..78 I present with confidence in front of lots of people in class or public meeting..78 I am good at presiding or being a leader in a group.

6 α α Table 2. Factor analysis for clothing behavior Factor Variables Loading Eigen value Accumulation variance (%) When I go out, my favorite clothes make my step light..75 When I go out, I care about what to wear..74 Pleasure Shopping together with friends makes me happy Talking about clothes makes me exited..69 I check my clothes are in harmony after putting them on..63 Coordinated clothes Uniform preference Learning behavior Fashion oriented I can choose clothes of my taste..83 I can wear my clothes by T.P.O..78 I can choose clothes of my favorite colors..77 My school uniform expresses my image well..85 I find myself looking pretty in school uniform..83 I feel easy with my school uniform..77 I wear my clothes understanding the effect of optical illusion which I learned in class..87 I wear my clothes by the principle of design..83 I try to wear the clothes following the way that entertainers do..84 Wearing clothes in vogue makes me happy Cronbach s α (Mean).79 (3.94).78 (3.92).77 (2.71).70 (3.00).65 (2.67)

.69 I check my clothes are in harmony after putting them on..63 Coordinated clothes Uniform preference Learning behavior Fashion oriented I can choose clothes of my taste.

7 Table 3. Contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes Preparing and managing clothes Variables M (SD) The class changed my way of wearing clothes (.95) Clothing Learning clothing brought me confidence in wearing my clothes (.82) I practically apply what I learned in class to wear my clothes (.88) Preparing clothes What I learned in class is helpful when I buy clothes (.95) Career path I could get some information on fashion-related jobs after the class (.95) Total lecturing I become to wait the class of preparing and managing clothes (.93) This class is helpful for me (.94) Emotions in wearing I feel confident in wearing Hanbok, after the class on wearing Hanbok (.93) Hanbok After class, I start to think of Korean emotions (.97) Practice of wearing Hanbok After class, I can tie Koreum of Jeogori (1.06) After class, I have learnt how to wear men s pants (women s skirt) (1.03)

88) Preparing clothes What I learned in class is helpful when I buy clothes. 2.74 (.95) Career path I could get some information on fashion-related jobs after the class. 2.29 (.

8 Table 4. Factor analysis for contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes Factor Variables Loading Eigen value Accumulation variance (%) Usefulness of lectures in general Usefulness of Hanbok lecture I practically apply what I learned in class to wear my clothes..80 This class is helpful for me..78 What I learned in class is helpful when I buy clothes..78 The class changed my way of wearing clothes..75 Learning clothing brought me confidence in wearing my clothes..70 I become to wait the class of preparing and managing clothes..70 I could get some information on fashion-related jobs after the class..67 After class, I can tie Koreum of Jeogori..89 After class, I have learnt how to wear men s pants(women's skirt)..88 I feel confident in wearing Hanbok, after the class on wearing Hanbok..76 After class, I start to think of Korean emotions Cronbach s α (Mean).88 (2.60).84 (2.92) α Table 5. Contents application of the unit handling and keeping clothes Handling and keeping clothes Hand wash n (%) Washing machine n (%) Ironing n (%) Never 124 (61.7) 109 (54.2) 132 (65.7) 1-5 times 61 (30.3) 43 (21.4) 47 (23.4) 6-10 times 11 (5.5) 16 (8.0) 12 (6.0) More than 11 times 5 (2.5) 33 (16.4) 10 (5.0) Total 201 (100) 201 (100) 201 (100) β β

Hanbok lecture I practically apply what I learned in class to wear my clothes..80 This class is helpful for me..78 What I learned in class is helpful when I buy clothes.

9 β β β β β β Table 6. The effects of self-efficacy on clothing behavior and contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes Dependent variable Independent variable β t F R 2 Clothing behavior Contents application of the unit preparing and managing clothes Pleasure Coordinated clothes Uniform preference Learning behavior Fashion oriented Usefulness of lectures in general Usefulness of Hanbok lecture *p <.05. **p <.01 ***p <.001. Interpersonal skills *** Task performance skills Anxiety Planned performance Challenging action Interpersonal skills Task performance skills *** Anxiety Planned performance Challenging action Interpersonal skills ** Task performance skills ** Anxiety Planned performance Challenging action Interpersonal skills Task performance skills ** Anxiety * Planned performance Challenging action Interpersonal skills * Task performance skills Anxiety *** Planned performance Challenging action Interpersonal skills Task performance skills * Anxiety Planned performance * Challenging action Interpersonal skills Task performance skills ** Anxiety * Planned performance Challenging action * 7.58*** ** ** ** *** * ***

application of the unit preparing and managing clothes Pleasure Coordinated clothes Uniform preference Learning behavior Fashion oriented Usefulness of lectures in general Usefulness of Hanbok

10 β β β β β

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