(A Study on the Standards for Effective Operating in detail of Obligation Provision System in Broadcasting Services for persons with Disabilities) 2012. 11. : ( ) - i -
- i -
1 1 1 1 2 6 2 9 1 9 1. 9 2. 10 3. 13 4. 16 5. 17 2 18 1. 18 2. 22 3 28 1. 28 2. 29 - ii -
3 36 1 37 1. 37 2. 41 2 42 1. 42 2. 50 3 52 1. 52 2. 53 4 56 4 62 1 63 2 67 1. 67 2. 72 3. 83 4. 93 5. 97 6. 103 7. 106 8. 107 9. 108 - iii -
5 111 1 111 1. 111 2. 114 3. 118 6 121 1 122 1. 123 2. 125 2 126 1. 126 2. 127 7 130 1 130 2 133 138 143 - iv -
< 2-1> (: %) 16 < 2-2> (: ) 18 < 2-3> 24 < 2-4> 2012 31 < 2-5> 31 < 2-6> ( 12.4, : ) 32 < 2-7> 32 < 2-8> 34 < 2-9> (: %) 34 < 3-1> ( ) 45 < 3-2> 45 < 3-3> (2010 /60 ) 46 < 3-4> KBS 47 < 3-5> MBC 48 < 3-6> SBS 48 < 3-7> EBS 49 < 3-8> 4 49 < 3-9> (57 ) 51 < 3-10> 53 < 3-11> 54 < 3-12> 54 < 3-13> (, :%) 56 < 3-14>, PP (, :%) 58 - v -
< 3-15> ( SO) : 40 (75 ) 58 < 3-16> (PP) : 21 (37 ) 60 < 4-1> ( ) 64 < 4-2>, 70 < 4-3> () 73 < 4-4> ( +) 74 < 4-5> ( ) 75 < 4-6> () 75 < 4-7> 76 < 4-8> 78 < 4-9> 78 < 4-10> 80 < 4-11> 80 < 4-12> 83 < 4-13> () 85 < 4-14> 95 < 4-15> 96 < 4-16> / 96 < 4-17> 96 < 4-18> 97 < 4-19> ( ) 98 < 4-20> 99 < 4-21> 99 < 4-22> 100 < 4-23> 101 < 4-24> 101 - vi -
< 4-25> 102 < 4-26> 103 < 4-27> 103 < 4-28> 104 < 4-29> ( +) 104 < 4-30> 105 < 4-31> 105 < 4-32> () 106 < 4-33> 106 < 4-34> 108 < 4-35> 109 < 5-1> 111 < 5-2> NICT 115 < 6-1> 126 < 6-2> 128 - vii -
[ 2-1] 29 [ 4-1] 87 [ 4-2] TV 87 [ 4-3] 89 [ 4-4] MBC 91 [ 5-1] 117 - viii -
32. 25 1,258, 26 1,067. 206. 1990. 1995 TV, 2002, 2005 DMB, 2009 IPTV.,. 2000., (information gap) (digital divide).,. UN,,, - ix -
...,.. 1%.,..,.,,. 2. 2012 2013..,.. 2013. 2012 11 8 SO 40 (75 ), PP 21 (37 )... - x -
,. 2012, 2013...,....,,,. 4.,,..,,,, - xi -
,,.,.. 57,.,, 1%, 0.2%, 2012.,. 6.,.,,..,...,. - xii -
.,.,.,,.. 2012. 2012, 2013 2012,. 2013.,,,..,., - xiii -
...,.,,,.,,. 2012., 2013., 2013 2012.. 2013 - xiv -
.,.,,,.,,,....,,,,,. - xv -
A Study on the Standards for Effective Operating in detail of Obligation Provision System in Broadcasting Services for persons with Disabilities Since 1990s, environment of broadcasting media in Korea has changed rapidly. But not all of people can enjoy the convenience of using innovative broadcasting media because the progression of broadcasting media arouse the information gap or digital divide. In this perspective, it is needed for Korea government to protect the accessibility of disabled persons with audio and visual to broadcasting media. From 2012 year, Korea government made for broadcaster to provide the closed captioning, descriptive video service, sign language service compulsory according to reformed broadcasting act in 2011. As for, this study set the purpose of research as followings. First, making the detailed criteria for designating broadcasters which will assume the providing obligation of broadcasting service for disabled people. Second, making the detailed criteria for evaluating the performance of broadcaster which assumed the providing obligation of broadcasting service for disabled people. Third, making the detailed criteria of government s cost supporting to broadcasters which make the broadcasting service for disabled people. Fourth, exploring the policy of building infrastructure to activate broadcasting service for disabled people. - xvi -
Content and scope of this research is to making the detail criteria for designating broadcasters which will assume the obligation of providing broadcasting service for disabled people and for evaluating broadcasters performance of providing broadcasting service for disabled people and for government s cost supporting to broadcasters s cost in providing broadcasting service for disabled people. And exploring the policy of building infrastructure to activate broadcasting service for disabled people. First, detailed criteria for designating the broadcaster which will assume the obligation of providing broadcasting service for disabled people is as following. At first stage, unit cost and average cost derived from 57 broadcasters which supported by government relating to providing broadcasting service for disabled people. At second stage, the broadcasters which will assume the obligation of providing broadcasting service for disabled people are identified according to the criteria of notification. Second, detailed criteria for evaluating the performance of providing broadcasting service for disabled people by designated broadcasters is suggested. At first stage, the process for evaluating the designated broadcasters is showed. At second stage, the methods of evaluation is proposed like documentary evaluation and monitoring evaluation. And format for collecting data, evaluation category, sanctions policy according to the result of evaluation. Also it is suggested that qualitative evaluation methods are needed to be introduced for raising the quality of broadcasting service for disabled people in the long term. Third, it is suggested the policy connecting the result of evaluation to the support - xvii -
fund of government. For example, support fund is divided into general support fund and special support fund. General support fund is used for supporting the obligation broadcasters and special support fund for broadcasters which showed excellent performance. Also special fund should be used for broadcaster needed in social and cultural perspective. Fourth, infrastructure building method to activate the providing broadcasting service for disabled people is suggested. Audience Support Center in Gwangju, Pusan and will be constructed in Daejun, Incheon, Chuncheon should be the hub of local broadcaster in broadcasting service for disabled people. And co-work system should be constructed by three parts like local broadcaster, local disabled group and Audience Support Center. Part of results in this research is already used by government for designating broadcaster which will assume the obligation of providing broadcasting service for disabled people. Also, rest results of this research will be helpful for government in executing the policy of providing broadcasting service for disabled people. And many ideas from broadcaster, disabled groups and so on should be collected to establish the detailed criteria and stabilize the policy providing broadcasting service for disabled people. We will expect this report to be use as a valuable reference for government to make a stabilizing disabled broadcasting policies and to provide useful information for broadcasting sector. - xviii -
- xix -
1 1 1990. 1995 TV, 2002, 2005 DMB, 2009 IPTV.,.,,,.,,., PC, TV... SNS(social network service)., SNS. ( 3,400~3,500 ) 28~29%. 1),, 1) http://magazine.hankyung.com/business/apps/news?popup=0&nid=01&nkey=2012031400 849000271 &mode=sub_view - 1 -
.. 2000., (information gap) (digital divide). 2),.,, (1999). (2000),.,, (2001). (2002), (2002). (2003),. 2) 32. 2011 12 251 9,241. 25 1,258, 26 1,067 (, 2012). 51 2,325.. 65 38% (http://www.otologicsociety.or.kr/info/?article=9). 2010 65 542 206. - 2 -
2000 (, 2006;, 2009;, 2009;, 2010;, 2011,, 2011).. 2006 12 UN, 2009 1. 2008 4 ( ). 2011 7 14 69.. FCC(Federal Communications Commission).., 1 2%, 1 3. 2012 1, 25 4 (ABC, NBC, CBS, FOX), 50( ) /. 5 (MVPD) 5 ( ) 50 /. FCC. FCC,. Ofcom 2003 303~305-3 -
(code). TV, TV(TLCS), DPS (S4C), BBC 0.05%., 0.05% (relevant turnover) 1%. Ofcom. CSA 81. 2.5%. 2.5% 40%. 2.5%. TF1, Canal+ M6 2011 1, 2013 1. 2.5% TCM(Turner Classic Movies) 2011, 2013 1.... NHK, 5, 5, 5 2008 2017 7 24 100%, 10%. 2000-4 -
,,.,. UN,,,,.,.,,...,.. 1%.,..,.,,. 2-5 -
. 2012 2013..,.. 2013. 2012 11 8 SO 40 (75 ), PP 21 (37 )...,. 2012, 2013...,... 2. - 6 -
,,,,,,.,,.. (authenticity), (completeness), (representativeness), (meaning of words), (classification scheme)., (authenticity), (freedom from distortion), (representativeness), (clarity of meaning) (Leger, 1993).,,,,,,.,. (,,, )..,, - 7 -
..,,..,,,, 20 2012 11 12 23 2,,.. - 8 -
2 1 1.. 0 1..,, (pooq) (tving).,. 3D TV. UHD TV(Ultra High Definition TV) HDTV 16 22.2. PC,, PC, TV N Screen. N Screen TV, PC, (seamless). N Screen.... - 9 -
,,..,....,,.. 2. (, 2012) 3)... 3),,,, (public access) (, 2010).., (, 2012). - 10 -
,..,,,, (, 2010). (Information Gap) (Digital Divide). 4),, 1996 (, 2012). (, 2003)..,, TV 4) (information gap)..,.. (digital divide).,,,., (, 2007). - 11 -
. 5)..,..,,,, (, 2009)... 5).,,,. (convergence of network), (convergence of business), (convergence of service), (convergence of terminal)...,..,,. - 12 -
.. UN,,,., 69. 2012, 2013.. 3. 2,,,..,.,,... (closed captioning), TV. (open captioning) (closed captioning). TV - 13 -
,., TV., TV.,., (off-line captioning) (real-time captioning).,,.,..,. 4 2 2 1, 1.. TV., TV., 4.5... (descriptive video service) - 14 -
., (narrator)..,.,,,.. HDCAM.. (original audio) (primary audio channel), DVS (DVS Audio) (Secondary Audio Channel), SAP.... (Sign Language),,., (Mixing).. TV, - 15 -
. 4. 1979 KBS. KBS, MBC, SBS 1999, EBS 2000, 1996 4,. KBS, MBC 2001, MBC 2001, KBS 2003 (, 2011). 2006., 2006 64% 2010 95.8%. 2006 2.2% 2010 5.0%. 2006 4.6% 2010 5.6%. < 2-1> (: %) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 64.0 78.0 92.8 94.6 95.8 2.2 2.9 3.8 4.0 5.0 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.5 5.6 : 1) 2010 9 30 2) KBS1, KBS2, MBC, SBS, EBS :, 2011 11., 2010, - 16 -
95.8%, 5.0%, 5.6%.,. OBS 2.9%. SO, PP. 5 PP TV 4. 3 SO. IPTV, (, 2011). 5...,. 1 (1~6 ), 2 (1~3 ), 3 (4~6 ), 4 2000~2008,., 3,. 2009 16,600, 15.2%, 9.3%, 3.8% - 17 -
. 67%, 41.9%, 34.1% (, 2010b). < 2-2> (: ) 2010 2009 1,326 7,373 1,125 4,000 680 660 300 5,267 261 70 69 40 37 EBS - 712, 222 260 2,416 2,412 :, 2010 11, (2010) 2 1. 2006 12 13 61 UN (convention on the rights of persons with disabilities). 2001 56 (Vincente Fox). UN, 8-18 -
, 2006 8 14 25 2 (Working Text). 2006 12 13 192. 6),,, 50. 9,,,.,,,,.,,, 6) http://blog.naver.com/1004purme?redirect=log&logno=150042513741-19 -
,,. 9,,... 6 ( ), 9 ( ), 19 ( ), 20 ( ). 2007 3 30, 2008 5 30. 2008 6 18, 1, 2008 12 2. 2008 12 12 UN, 30 2009 1 10.., ( ).. 2000. 2001 2, 2002 4, 2003 4 50-20 -
2005 9. 2006 8,,,, 2006 12 18. 2007 2 22,,, 2007 3 6 ( 197 196 1 ). 2007 4 4 4 10, 4 11..., 21 3,,,,,,,,.,,,,, (, 2008). 2010 5 11 21 3 23 25,, - 21 -
.,,,. 2011 7 14 69., 69 8 ( ), 24. 9 8,. 52 1. 52 2,, ( SO) ( PP),, ( PP, PP). 69 52 2011 12 26 ( ). 2. 69.,, - 22 -
..,..,.,,,, PP, PP. 2013 12 ( ) 100%,, 10%, 5%. 1 2014 12. 2015 12. ( ) 2016 12 70%, 7%, 4%. PP, PP 2016 12 100%, 10%, 5%. SO, PP, PP, IPTV CP,,. SO() 2016 12 70%, 7%, 4%, PP PP, IPTV CP 70%, 5%, 3%. - 23 -
< 2-3> ( ) ( ) () SO () PP PP IPTV CP (%) 2012. 1. 2012. 7. 100 10 5 2013. 12. (: 2014. 12.) 2012. 1. 2012. 7. 100 10 5 2015. 12. 2012. 1. 2013. 1. 70 7 4 2016. 12. 2012. 1. 2013. 1. 70 7 4 2016. 12. 2012. 1. 2013. 1. 100 10 5 2016. 12. 2012. 1. 2013. 1. 70 5 3 2016. 12. : (2011.12.26.) 5. 91 (, ), 91 70 (, ), 95. 2012 11 23 ( 2012-134 )., 2, 100 1-24 -
.,,. 0.2% ( 0.2% ). 2012 11 8 ( 2012-125 ).,,,,.,. IPTV., IPTV CP..,.,.. - 25 -
.,.., VOD,, DMB., 10,,,,,,,.,. 10 3,,,,,,,,, - 26 -
. 11,, 2.,, (1 6, ) 1., ( (2 ), ( :, ),,, ),,. 14,.,.,,. - 27 -
3,,. 2011 7 14 69,... 1..,.,.,,.., 1 (70%)., 2 (30%).,.,.,. - 28 -
[ 2-1] : ( 12.5.3) 2.. 2006. 9,, (SO),, (PP, PP, PP)(, 2012).,. 2~3. 1 1 12 31 1.,. - 29 -
70% 1. 1/4 3/4.,,. 4/4 30%. 4/4.,.. 1)., 1~2 7.,. 2),, 3 5. 5 100., 60. < 2-4> 2012 (40 ) 20-30 -
(30 ) (30 ) 20 ( ), () 10 20 : (2012),. 30 100. 1), 2006 9 2010 41. SO, PP. < 2-5> 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 5 5 5 5 5 KBS - 3 4 6 9 MBC 1 4 8 10 9 2 8 10 10 10 3 15 22 26 28 SO - - - 2 3 PP 1 2 1 4 5 9 22 28 37 41 :, 2010 11, (2010b) 2),, 2006 15 2007 2 30. 30 2011 33 700. - 31 -
2012 27 6,000. < 2-6> ( 12.4, : ) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ( 06~ 11) KBS 325 871 810 643 499 732 739 3,880 (kbs1) (150) (281) (272) (213) (234) (360) (373) (1,510) (kbs2) (175) (590) (538) (430) (265) (372) (366) (2,370) MBC 139 408 399 389 326 342 354 2,003 SBS 186 466 389 303 304 300 312 1,948 EBS 205 494 602 809 990 865 684 3,965 15 93 139 324 494 682 479 1,747 SO PP 43 198 54 340 232 167 192 1,034 913 2,530 2,393 2,808 2,845 3,088 2,760 14,577 1,500 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,307 2,760 16,807 : 3). 2011 KBS1, KBS2, MBC, SBS 25%, EBS 50%, OBS 40%,. < 2-7> KBS1 KBS2 MBC SBS EBS OBS 75% 75% 75% 75% 50% 60% 25% 25% 25% 25% 50% 40%. 1) - 32 -
. 2/4, 2012 7.,. 2.,. 2) 4/4.,. 3).. 2012 5~6, 9~11 1,. 4) 2012 4, 7, 10, 2013 1... - 33 -
< 2-8> - - - - - : (2012)... 1) (,, )., 2006 64%, 2.2%, 4.6%, 2010 95.8%, 5.0%, 5.6%. < 2-9> (: %) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 64.0 78.0 92.8 94.6 95.8 2.2 2.9 3.8 4.0 5.0 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.5 5.6 : 1) 2010 9 30 2) KBS1, KBS2, MBC, SBS, EBS :, 2011 11. 2),,,. - 34 -
,.,.., : ( ) 3.,. - 35 -
3 2011 12 26 5.,,. ( DMB ),, PP, PP.. 5 4 2, 100 1.,, PP, PP, IPTV CP 0.2%, 0.2%.,,., ( ).. 7) 8) - 36 -
.. 1 2.,...,. 1. (cost) (,,,, ).,. (material) (labor) (capital).,, 9). 7) (1 ) 8), (1 ). 9). - 37 -
, (expense). (inventory)..., (),..., ( ) (activity).,,,....,....,. - 38 -
.., 1..,,.,. 1.,.,..,,..,,. - 39 -
.,...,., 60 100, 50,. 100.,.,,,. KBS., - 40 -
.,,,.. 2...,.,.,..,.., - 41 -
.,....,.. KBS KBS.,.., 57.,,,. 2 1.. - 42 -
KBS1, KBS2, EBS,, KTV, Y, MBC. SBS, OBS.,.. 10)., SO, HFC.. KT (9,600bps).. 10~20.,. ( ),,. 1999 MBC KBS, SBS. 2,600 ~2,800, 1 3~4. 2003 ~2004, KBS 3,300., 2012 1 24 2,700 ~2,800.,,. PP 3,200 ~3,300, PP. 11) 10). - 43 -
,.,... SBS., 2,700 ~2,800.,. 1 1 8 3,200, 1 24 2,700 ~2,800.,... 1... 11) 1 6 1. 1 4 6 24. 4 2... - 44 -
2,800 60%, (, ) 20%, (,, ) 20%. 3,000, 2,000,. < 3-1> ( ) (%) ( ) 60 1,500 6 - // 8 2-4 2 20 400 ( ) 20 400 100 2,700,, SO. 3,000, 4,500. < 3-2> 3,000 4,500 11,000, - 45 -
.,,,,... (KBS, MBC, SBS, EBS). 2010 60,. < 3-3> (2010 /60 ) 400,000 60 4 (1 100,000 ) 250,000 150,000 40,000 10,000 20,000, 870,000 14,500 400,000, 250,000, 150,000, 40,000, 10,000, 20,000..,,,,,.. - 46 -
..,. 14,500.,, KBS 50 70 398,100. 'KBS '.. KBS KBS 481,900.,. KBS. < 3-4> KBS - KBS 227,880 KBS 170,220 KBS - - - - - - 398,100 MBC ( 14,500 ). 40, 25, 15, 4, ( ) 1, (, ) 2 870,000. - 47 -
< 3-5> MBC 400,000 60 4 (1 100,000 ) 250,000-150,000-40,000-10,000 20,000, 870,000 - SBS ( 14,500 )., 5. SBS 80% (50,000 ). SBS 80 92, 120 115, 120 138. < 3-6> SBS 400,000 250,000 150,000 40,000 10,000 60 4 (1 100,000 ) () 50,000 20,000, 920,000-48 -
EBS 80%.. 60 801,000, 13,350. < 3-7> EBS 300,000 60 3 200,000 (250,000 200,000 ) 120,000 (150,000 100,000 ) 120,000 20,000 (40,000 20,000 ) 21,000 20,000, 801,000 4. 60 830,020, 13,884. < 3-8> 4 KBS - 227,800 170,220 - - - 398,100 MBC 400,000 250,000 150,000-40,000 10,000 20,000 870,000 SBS 400,000 250,000 150,000-40,000 60,000 20,000 920,000 EBS 300,000 200,000 120,000 120,000 20,000 21,000 20,000 801,000 366,670 231,950 147,600-33,400 30,400 20,000 830,020 EBS - 49 -
.,.,.. 2. 57 (2011 ). 57 (KBS1TV, KBS2TV, MBC, SBS, EBS),,. (KBS 17, MBC 12, 9), OBSTV,,. PP,, PP YTN. SO TV, HCN, HCN,, HCN, HCN,,,,. 57,,. - 50 -
. < 3-9> (57 ) KBS1TV, KBS2TV, MBC, SBS, EBS KBS, KBS, KBS KBS, KBS, KBS KBS, KBS, KBS KBS, KBS, KBS KBS, KBS, KBS KBS, KBS MBC, MBC, MBC, MBC, MBC MBC, MBC, MBC, MBC, MBC MBC, MBC KNN,,,,,,, OBSTV PP PP PP TV, HCN HCN, HCN, HCN SO,,,,., 57,, - 51 -
. OBSTV, PP SO.., SO, PP.. SO, PP 13,. 57. 2013,. 3 1.,. ( ). 2011 57. - 52 -
,. 2.. 57 (,, ),. < 3-10> = 1) 2) 1) - ( + ) 2) - ( )*.,. SO, PP.,,. - 53 -
. 57. 2011 57 (2011. 9.3~10). 57,. /. ( ).. < 3-11> 2,083 3,635 12,109 2013 2012, /, /.. ( ). - 54 -
< 3-12> = 1) 2) 1) - 2) - ( ) = * x x - PP. TVN 2010 12 (31 ) 1, 1 365 (). ex) TvN : 33,984 (2010 12 ) TvN 2010 : (33,984 /31 ) 365 =400,134.9 () - TvN : 400,134.9 (2010 ) 0.280() 0.3( 30%) MPP ( ). ( ),,. PP 1, 365.. 2012 (2011 ), 2011 (2010 ). 2011 () - 55 -
, PP.. 4 5 1. SO, PP,, IPTV CP. 2, 100 1, 0.2%., 0.2%., 2012 11 23 ( 2012-134 ). < 3-13> (, :%) [( ) ] 12 13 14 15 12 13 14 15 12 13 14 15 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 2 91.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.1 8.5 10.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 3 SBS 89.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.2 6.0 10.0 10.0 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.0 4 99.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.5 8.0 10.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5 6 7 () () () 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0-56 -
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 [( ) ] () () () () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 12 13 14 15 12 13 14 15 12 13 14 15 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 95.0 95.0 95.0 100.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 23 70.6 77.0 85.0 100.0 4.7 6.0 8.0 10.0 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 24 70.0 75.0 80.0 100.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 25 82.0 88.0 95.0 100.0 7.1 8.0 9.0 10.0 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 26 71.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 5.1 10.0 10.0 10.0 5.5 5.7 6.0 6.5 27 80.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 6.0 6.5 8.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.5 28 75.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 7.1 7.5 9.0 10.0 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 29 72.5 75.0 90.0 100.0 5.7 6.0 7.0 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 30 MBC() 80.3 85.0 90.0 100.0 6.3 7.0 8.0 10.0 6.3 6.5 6.8 7.0 MBC() 80.3 80.9 85.0 100.0 6.3 6.9 8.5 10.0 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 31 80.0 85.0 90.0 100.0 6.8 7.0 8.5 10.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 32 75.0 77.0 80.0 100.0 5.3 5.8 6.5 10.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 33 66.0 70.0 75.0 100.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 10.0 5.5 4.5 4.7 5.0 34 78.0 80.0 85.0 100.0 5.6 6.0 7.0 10.0 6.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 35 80.0 70.0 75.0 100.0 7.1 5.2 5.7 10.0 7.0 4.0 4.5 5.0 36 72.8 73.0 75.0 100.0 5.5 5.7 6.0 10.0 6.0 5.7 5.7 5.0 37 70.8 78.0 85.0 100.0 6.2 6.8 7.5 10.0 5.4 6.0 6.5 6.5 38 70.1 75.0 80.0 100.0 5.2 6.0 8.0 10.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 5.0-57 -
[( ) ] 12 13 14 15 12 13 14 15 12 13 14 15 39 70.5 85.0 100.0 100.0 5.5 7.0 10.0 10.0 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.0 40 74.0 74.5 75.0 100.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 10.0 7.5 7.5 5.0 5.0 41 KNN 60.0 65.0 65.0 100.0 5.7 5.0 5.0 10.0 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.0 42 60.0 64.0 68.0 100.0 5.2 5.4 6.0 10.0 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.0 43 62.5 62.6 62.7 100.0 4.9 5.0 5.1 10.0 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.0 44 62.7 62.8 62.9 100.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 10.0 6.0 5.2 5.2 5.0 45 65.0 66.0 68.0 100.0 5.1 6.0 7.0 10.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 46 63.6 63.6 63.6 100.0 5.3 5.3 7.5 10.0 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.0 47 62.1 64.0 66.0 100.0 5.3 6.0 7.0 10.0 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.0 48 66.2 77.0 77.0 100.0 5.2 5.2 5.4 10.0 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 49 G1 68.9 68.8 68.3 100.0 5.4 6.2 7.0 10.0 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 50 39.3 45.0 60.0 100.0 3.1 4.0 6.0 10.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 < 3-14>, PP (, :%) 1 2 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 12 13 14 15 16 30.0 45.0 60.0 70.0 3.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 30.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 3 ( ) 30.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 4 30.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5 30.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6 30.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 7 30.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 < 3-15> ( SO) : 40 (75 ) 1 2 3 4 ABC - 58 -
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TV TV - 59 -
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 TV TV 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 TV TV 38 39 TV TV 40 < 3-16> (PP) : 21 (37 ) 1 ( )SBS SBS ESPN 2 TvN CGV XTM O Live Tooniverse Mnet 3 TV 4 CNTV - 60 -
5 Dramax Y-star TV 6 SBS SBS E!TV 7 SBS SBS 8 MBC SPORTS+ 9 MBC LIFE MBC every1 MBC OCN 10 OnStyle Story on SUPERACTION 11 E 12 JEITV 13 KBSNSports KBSJoy KBSDrama KBSPrime 14 FOX FX 15 CHING 16 ( ) QTV 17 ( ) Cartoon Network 18 CJ 19 20 GSSHOP 21,,, PP.,. - 61 -
4 2011 7 2011 12... 2012 7 1. 2012 7 1 2012 12 31. 2013 1 1., (), PP, PP SO(), PP, IPTV CP. 2. 2. 6 1.. 20 (, SO, PP,,, ) 2012 11 28 30,, - 62 -
.,.,,. 1 11, 2 ( 1 ). 12,, 1.,,. 2.. 1.,,,,,. - 63 -
< 4-1> ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 1. 2. 2-1. ( ) 2-2. (4 / ) 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 1-1. (4 / ) 2. 2-1. 1. ( 1 ) 2. 3. ( ) 4. 1. ( 2 ) 2. 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 6 1. ( ) 2. 2.. ( ), ( ).,., - 64 -
.,.,,,.,,.,. 3. 1,,. 12). 4.. 12) 13,,. (2 ), ( :, ),,,.. - 65 -
5.,., (Code on Television Access Services). Ofcom 9., Ofcom., Ofcom. 2,..,. 6.,,,.., 1..,. - 66 -
.,,...,,. 2 1..,,,,.,... - 67 -
,.,, SO,, IPTV, PP,...,,,. (2010).,,,, 37%..,... 13), - 68 -
. 14),,.,,,..,.,...,.,, (,, 2011).,,,,, 13).. 14),. - 69 -
. < 4-2>,....... / TV. / TV. / TV. / TV. : (2011).., 77. 134-161..,.,,.,,,.. 2.,., - 70 -
,..,,. 4....,,...,,....,.,,,., - 71 -
...,,,,..,.,....,. 2..,.. - 72 -
. 1),. < 4-3> () : : 2012 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 : : ( /) 100 : ( / ) 100 (matching fund), - 73 -
.. 2) ( ).. TV.,.... < 4-4> ( +) : : 2012 ( (A) + (B)) ( ) - 74 -
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ( ) ( ) ( ) : : ( /) 100 : ( / ) 100 < 4-5> ( ) 2012 ( : A) : : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : : / 100 : / 100-75 -
< 4-6> () : : 2012 ( : B) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) : : ( /) 100 : ( / ) 100 3),. < 4-7> : : : ( ) - 76 -
(: ) (: ) 00:00 ~00:00 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (: ), ex),,,,,... 4).. - 77 -
< 4-8> ( ) ( ) ( ) 000 00:00~00:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 - ~ - 6 6-00:00~00:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 0 0 7 7 - ~ - 12 12-5)... - 78 -
< 4-9> 1 ( ) ( ) 000 00:00~00:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 0 1 - ( ) ~ ~ - 6 0 00:00~00:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 0 6-7 7 - ~ - 12 12-6).. - 79 -
< 4-10> 1 () ( ) ooo 12:00~13:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 ( ) - - 6 - - 7 12 - - < 4-11> 1 () ( ) ( ) ooo 00:00~00:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 - - 6 - - 7 12 - - - 80 -
. 1)..,,.,.,., ( ). SO, IPTV.,.. 2),,, - 81 -
...,. (6). 1. (6) 1. 1 1.,. 3),,., Ofcom. BBC..,. - 82 -
3... < 4-12>.,. 3D,,,.,.,, - 83 -
.,,..,.,.,,.,. 2012 6 22. - 84 -
< 4-13> (). ~ ~.. ( ) 14 2,. 3,, - 85 -
. 2012 11 27 30 4 2013 (18). 15) 16) 17). 1) KT Skylife ( ) KT Skylife 6. SkyChoice VOD, Erotica,. SkyPlus,,. (Kids talktalk) ( ). Sky3D 3D. ( ), ( 15) (4 ) : YTN, TV, TV, skylife ( SO 4 ) :,CMB, HCN,, (PP 10 ) : CJE&M (M NET,XTM,, ), TV,,,, CJ, GS, MBC (MBC ), KBSN, SBSESPN 16). 17). - 86 -
). [ 4-1] SkyChoice Skyplus ( ) TV TV. [ 4-2] TV 1 2,., - 87 -
. (CHING) 60%, 40%. ()..,. CJ E&M ( ) (,, )... (,,GS,CJ).,. - 88 -
( )..,.,,,, ( : ). [ 4-3] - 89 -
(M.NET) M.NET 80%, ( )... (YTN, Y) YTN.,,,. 01 04 30 20,, ( ). Y, 24,. 2) (MBC SPORTS+, SBSESPN, KBSN SPORTS,CJ E&M(XTM), CMB, TV, HCN), - 90 -
... [ 4-4] MBC 폐쇄자막방송위치 수화 폐쇄자막방송위치 수화.,. - 91 -
(CJ E&M( ), TV, HCN )... (, TV),, TV,E.R,,. (CJ E&M, TV, C&M) CJ E&M TV, C&M,.. 3) C&M, SO - 92 -
10.. CMB,,. 4.. 69 ( ) 8 9,,, 18) 52 ( ),,.... 31 173 1,. 12,,. 18) 40, 14,,. - 93 -
,,,.,,,,.,,,., 19). PP,,, SO. PP. 19). - 94 -
< 4-14> SO TV PP 60 20 35 10 70% 9 24-14 - 5% 9 12-7 - 5% 9 24-14 - - 10 - - ( 0 / ) - 10-10 : < > 300 60 (20%), PP 215 35 (16.3%). 2. 200 20 (10.0%), 250 10 (4.0%), 200 10 (5.0%)., (,, ). SO/., KBS1 EBS. PP,.,, 50%, 2.5%. - 95 -
< 4-15> 70% 70% 62% 62% 54% 54% 46% 46% 38% 38% 30% 30% 22% 22% 14% 14% 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 < 4-16> / / 5% 5% 4.2% 12 10.5 4.2% 3.5% 3.5% 2.8% 2.8% 2.1% 2.1% 1.4% 1.4% 0.7% 0.7% 0% 0% 9 7.5 6 4.5 3 1.5 0 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 0 < 4-17> SO PP(), PP( ) 1 30 10 5 0 2007 KBS1 45 2011 KBS2 OBS 57.,. - 96 -
< 4-18> (60) 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 KBS1 52.5 58.5 60 60 58.5 KBS2 33 42 42 39 42 MBC 45 45 54 51 57 SBS 45 51 51 57 57 EBS 42 30 28.5 51 60 (9 ) 42.17 52.5 53 54.8 57.5 OBS - - 6 12 36 - (24 ) : 50% 9 - (24 ) : 5% 9 - (12 ) : 50% 9 KBS MBC. : (2009 ~2011 ), (2011), 2010., 24, 12, 50% 70%, SO,. 2012. 5.,,.,,., PP, - 97 -
SO, IPTV..,,. < 4-19> ( ) PP, SO IPTV 70 70 30-20 20 60 90 10 10 10 10 100 100 100 100 - (33.4%) - (33.3%) - (33.3%) - (100%) - (50%) - (50%) * IPTV. 1) (, PP), (, SO). - 98 -
, PP 23.4, 23.3. SO 10. < 4-20> < 4-21> (23.4 ), PP (23 ) ( ) (10 ), SO ( ) (1) 100(%) 23.4 23.3 23.3 10 10 10 98~100(%) 21.4 21.3 21.3 9.2 9.2 9.2 96~98(%) 19.4 19.3 19.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 94~96(%) 17.4 17.3 17.3 7.6 7.6 7.6 92~94(%) 15.4 15.3 15.3 6.8 6.8 6.8 90~92(%) 13.4 13.3 13.3 6.0 6.0 6.0 88~90(%) 11.4 11.3 11.3 5.2 5.2 5.2 86~88(%) 9.4 9.3 9.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 84~86(%) 7.4 7.3 7.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 82~84(%) 5.4 5.3 5.3 2.8 2.8 2.8 80~82(%) 3.4 3.3 3.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 78~80(%) 1.4 1.3 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 78(%) 0 0 0 0 0 0, - 99 -
1 10%. 2) (, PP), (, SO), (IPTV )., PP 20,, SO 60, IPTV 90. PP, SO, IPTV PP. < 4-22>., PP TTA, 0., SO, IPTV, - 100 -
0. < 4-23> (20 ) PP (20 ), SO (60 ) IPTV (90 ) - : 20 - : 0 - : 20 - : 0 - : 60 - : 0 - : 90 - : 0 3) (, PP), (, SO)., PP,, SO 5. < 4-24> PP SO 5 5 5.. - 101 -
1 10%. < 4-25> (5 ) PP (5 ) SO (5 ) * 100(%) 5 5 5 98~100(%) 4.5 4.5 4.5 96~98(%) 4 4 4 94~96(%) 3.5 3.5 3.5 92~94(%) 3 3 3 90~92(%) 2.5 2.5 2.5 88~90(%) 2 2 2 86~88(%) 1.5 1.5 1.5 84~86(%) 1 1 1 82~84(%) 0.5 0.5 0.5 82 (%) 0 0 0 * = [ ] 100 4) (, PP), (, SO), ( IPTV ). 2.5, PP 5, SO 10, IPTV 10. - 102 -
< 4-26> PP SO IPTV 5 5 5 10. 1 10%. < 4-27> (5 ) PP (5 ) SO (5 ) IPTV (10 ) * 100(%) 5 5 5 10 98~100(%) 4.5 4.5 4.5 9 96~98(%) 4 4 4 8 94~96(%) 3.5 3.5 3.5 7 92~94(%) 3 3 3 6 90~92(%) 2.5 2.5 2.5 5 88~90(%) 2 2 2 4 86~88(%) 1.5 1.5 1.5 3 84~86(%) 1 1 1 2 82~84(%) 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 82 (%) 0 0 0 0 * = [ ] 100 6... - 103 -
2012. 2013 1 31.,. < 4-28> - : - : 2012 6 1 ~2012 12 31 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 000 000 00% 000 00% 000 00% 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : : ( /) 100 : ( / ) 100 < 4-29> ( +) - : ( +) - : 2012 6 1 ~2012 12 31 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 000 000 00% 000 00% 000 00% 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : : ( /) 100 : ( / ) 100-104 -
,. < 4-30> ( ) ( ) ( ) () ( ) ( ) 000 00:00~00:00 0. 0. (0) 0 0 0 0 0 < 4-31> ( ) () / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ).. - 105 -
< 4-32> (). 90.0, 80.0~90.0, 80.0 3, 90, 80.0~90.0, 80. < 4-33> 90.0 90.0~80.0 80.0 7..,.,.., 14-106 -
,.,..,.,,. 8. Ofcom...,.... - 107 -
,,.,. < 4-34> KBS KBS1TV, KBS2TV 100%() 10%() 5%()............... CJ E&M TvN 30% 2% 1%............... 9.,. Ofcom., Ofcom.. 99. 6-108 -
16.,, 6, 16. < 4-35>.,,.,, 2.,, - 109 -
.,. IPTV. - 110 -
5 1 1. 3 ( ), 7 ( ),,.., 69 8, 24.,. < 5-1> 3 ( ). - 111 -
7 ( ) 26 ( ) 69 ( ) 18 ( ) 4.,,.. 10. ( " " ), 24. < 2011.7.14>... 2011 12.,, PP, PP, (). SO() PP... - 112 -
...,. 2012,.,.... / PP, PP, SO, PP..,,..,. - 113 -
.....,. 2. 20)., 1993,,. NICT( ).,,, NICT,,,, ( ),,,,,,. NICT,, TV 20) (2011) - 114 -
,,,,,,.,. NICT 2, 4 1 3 31. NICT,,,. 20, NICT. NICT 1993 2010,, TV, TV,. 1993 2010 15 1,280, 58 5,102., 2011 NICT.,, 2010 1993. - 115 -
< 5-2> NICT (: ) 1993 29 402-402 ( ) ( ) 1994 202 2,925-2,925 ( ) ( ) TV 1995 188 1,846-1,846 1996 150 1,878-1,878 1997 950 1,975 1 744 1 2,719 1998 938 1,329 1 1,028 1 2,356 1999 4,360 767 3 7,363 3 8,130 ( ) ( ) TV ( ) TV ( ) 2000 4,910 1,048 4 3,350 4 4,398 ( ) ( ) TV ( ) TV 2001 5,168 1,914 4 3,350 4 5,264 2002 6,435 2,251 5 1,102 5 3,353 2003 8,667 2,171 5 1,100 5 3,271 2004 15,063 1,000 6 3,941 6 4,941 2005 12,724 500 3 9,274 3 9,774 2006 16,043 500 4 6,198 4 6,698 2007 14,434 500 4 1,655 4 2,155 2008 12,622 500 4 385 4 885 2009 13,232 500 4 2,378 4 2,878 2010 35,165-4 1,230 4 1,230 151,230 2 2,005 56 3,097 58 5,102 :. 2011, 2011 50%, 50% - 116 -
. [ 5-1] :. 2011. 2011 47%, 23%, 14%, 16%. () 17%, ( ) 25%, 50%.. 50%. 2011 96.9%,, 6.2%, 7.8%... - 117 -
3...,,,... 2013,..,,.., - 118 -
...,.,...., 100%,,..,.,,.,,. - 119 -
., 60%, 40%,.., 100 A 98, B 86, C 80, 1 A..,,,..,., 703 54 2013 TV(( )) 2013 1 1 2013 12 31. PP., KTV,. - 120 -
6,.,.,. 2011 7, 2011 12,.. PP,,,. PP..,.. - 121 -
1.,.....,....,.,,.,,,.,. (, ),., - 122 -
,.,. 2.. 1....... 2012, 2013 PP, SO,.., PP..., SO.. - 123 -
........,,..,...,. - 124 -
,. (http://www.kbuwel.or.kr/release/view/158).,,. 2....,,.. - 125 -
2.., 2. 2012 11 3,. 1. 2004 1, 2005 11, 2007 6. 2012 1 7, 2012 11 (2013 ). < 6-1> ( 1472) ( 781-5) 2005. 11. 2007. 06. 1 ~4 ( 5,021m2) 1 ~4 ( 6,705m2) () 9~22 () 9~18 12 32 35 : (2012.12.7.)., 2. - 126 -
, 104,. (4.5 ), (1,342 ), (2,154 ), (24 ), (231 ). () 2., (201 ). 2. 2006, 2012,. 2011 37, 2006. 2011 118 2012 176.,. 3. 21) 2012, 2,. 21) (2012. 12. 7). - 127 -
. (), (), (). (), () 5.,, (KBS MBC G1), YTN, CBS ( 770-3)., (2014 ),. EXPO. (KBS MBC TJB) HD. < 6-2> EXPO 770-3 ( ) ( 13 ) 3, 4 (1,974 ) CT ( 10 ) 1, 4 (1,943 ) ( 85 ) 1 3 (1,667 ) HD,, IT - 128 -
, 50%,, 2( ), 2(), 1(), TV 1(), 1(), 1(). 1(), 2(), 2(), 1(), 2( ), 1(). ) 6() : 4( )..,,...,,,,,.,,. - 129 -
7.,.,,,. 1,,,,,. 57,.... - 130 -
,.,,,,,..,.,..,,.. 2012. 2012, 2013 2012,. 2013.. - 131 -
,,,.. (, 2012)..,.,....,.,,., - 132 -
,. 2 22) 1....,..,.,,,,,,,,,. Ofcom 'Guidance on Standards for Audio Description'. 22) (2012), (2012) - 133 -
,... (2012). () 17%, ( ) 25%, 50% (, 2011, 198 )...,..,... - 134 -
., 3. 2. PP..,,.,.,. (On-air).. SO,, IPTV PP.,, - 135 -
,. (Archive). PP, TV,, IPTV.. (, 2012). 3.., (must-offer).,,, (, 2011, 53 ;, 2012)..,,.. - 136 -
,,.. 2006,.,. 2011 2012 57, 2013 61 ().......,. - 137 -
(2009). ( 09-- -08), (2011). 2011.. (2010)... 167. 17. (2002)... (2008)., 22-5. 53-91. (2010)., NARS 112,. (2003). - TV.. (2002).. (2010).., 56, 477-511. (2006)..,, 7-30. (2011).., 77, 134-161. (2007). :. : KADO, 07-04. (2000)... (2006).,. - 138 -
(2012.12.7.).,. (2001).., 55. 39-50. (2008).., 32-43. (2009).., 14 4, 56-63. (2003).,. (2003).. 147-178 (2006)... (2007). :,,,,. IABF, 2007. 12. 3. Available: http://www.iabf.kr/pds/trendview.asp?board=trend&bseq=2537 (2009).,. (2010). (10--00-52),. (2011). ( 11-- -16),. (2012).. 1,, 2012.10.11. (1997). TV.. (1997).., 261-283. - 139 -
(2012). -. 38, 242-249. (1999)..,44 1, 287-327. (2011). ( 11-- -21),. (2000).., 36 (2000. 6.), 25-39.. (2005)... (2012). -., 39, 397-420. (2012).. 1,, 2012.10.11. (2000).., 51, 119-138 (2010).,. (2010). 2010, 2010. 2. (2011). -. TTA Journal,, 52-56. http://ko.wikisource.org/wiki/%ec%9e%a5%ec%95%a0%ec%9d%b8%ea%b6%8c %EB%A6%AC%ED%98%91%EC%95%BD http://magazine.hankyung.com/business/apps/news?popup=0&nid=01&nkey=2012031400 849000271 &mode=sub_view - 140 -
http://www.kbuwel.or.kr/release/view/158 http://www.otologicsociety.or.kr FCC(2010.10.25). Public Notice: Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau seeks to refresh the record on Notice of Proposed Rulemaking regarding closed captioning rules. FCC(2011.7.13). First report of the video programming accessibility advisory committee on the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accesibility Act of 2010: Closed captioning of video programming delivered using internet protocol. FCC(2011.4.6). Report and Order: Implementation of the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accesibility Act of 2010, Section 105, Relay Services for Deaf-Blind Individuals. FCC(2011.3.3). Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: Video description: Implementation of the Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accesibility Act of 2010. Ofcom(2008) Access Services Audio Description : Research into awareness levels Ofcom(2009) Research into the awareness and usage of Audio Description Ofcom(2010) Code on Television Access Services Ofcom(2010.7) Television channels required to provide television access services in 2011 http://www.mediametrie.fr/ http://www.avh.asso.fr http://www.cfpsaa.fr - 141 -
http://espaceclient.canalplus.canal-plus.com/pid3732.htm http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/dglf/lang-reg/fiches-lang/lsf.htm http://www.france5.fr/oeil-et-la-main/ http://fr-fr.facebook.com/pages/mfp-multim%c3%a9dia-france-productions/2172290983 01115 http://www.medias-soustitres.com/ http://unisda.org http://description.brinkster.net/histoire.html http://www.medias-soustitres.com/spip.php?article1738 (2010), 21 (2011), NICT (2011), (2011), (2011), 20~22 (http://www.soumu.go.jp) (http://www.nict.go.jp) - 142 -
<>? ( ). < >.... 2012. 11. ( ).. - 69 8 9, 52,, 2012 1 (/,, /PP), (SO, IPTV, PP/IPTV CP) (,, ). -, 10 ~ 13 2012 7 /, 2013 1, SO, /PP, PP(IPTV CP) 2. 1. <1>.,.(ex.,,, ) - 143 -
<1> ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 1. 2. 2-1. [] ( ) 2-2. [] (2 / ) 2-3. [] ( ) 2-4. [] ( ) 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. 1-1. [] (2 ) 1-2. [] ( ) 2. 2-1. [] 2-2. [] 3. ( 1 ) 1. 2. 1. 2 2. 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 1. ( ) 2. - 144 -
2. [1 ] 2.. ([] ( ) ) 2-1. [] (2 / )?, (ex., O, OOO)? 2-2. [] ( )?, (ex.,,, )? 2-3. 3,. - 145 -
3. [1 ] 3.,, <2>,., (%), 100% <2>. 100% 0% 0% 0% ( ) 0% < 2>,,, (ex. ) - 146 -
(%) 1) + 2) 3) - - 100% 100% 100% 1) : ex. PP, PP, PP(IPTV CP) 2) + : ex. (/),, SO 3) : ex. IPTV 4. 3 (%), +,.,?,? 5..,. - 147 -
.. -. < 1>, < 1>. < 1> < 1> ( 12.4, : ) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ( 06~ 11) KBS 325 871 810 643 499 732 739 3,880 (kbs1) (150) (281) (272) (213) (234) (360) (373) (1,510) (kbs2) (175) (590) (538) (430) (265) (372) (366) (2,370) - 148 -
MBC 139 408 399 389 326 342 354 2,003 SBS 186 466 389 303 304 300 312 1,948 EBS 205 494 602 809 990 865 684 3,965 15 93 139 324 494 682 479 1,747 SO PP 43 198 54 340 232 167 192 1,034 913 2,530 2,393 2,808 2,845 3,088 2,760 14,577 1,500 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,307 2,760 16,807 *: - 2013 1 / (SO: 40 75, PP: 21 37 ).,. 5...? ( )??.., KBS/MBC/SBS 25%, EBS 50%, OBS 40%, SO, PP.., 2014, - 149 -
. 6-1. <3>. < 3> ( ) (1 ) ( ) (2 ) ( ), (3 ), ( ) + ( ) 6-2. <3>,. 6-3. < 6-1> < 6-2>,? - 150 -
. (ex.,,, ),. 7.,? 8.,? 9.,? 10., (, 1,,, ) (, ) - 151 -
. (ex.,, )? - - - 152 -
( ) ( ) ( ) 2012 12 2012 12 20 TEL: 02-750-1114 E-mail: webmaster@kcc.go.kr Homepage: www.kcc.go.kr