20112015 - 공공질서및안전분야보고서 - 2011. 8 국가재정운용계획공공질서및안전분야작업반
공공질서및안전분야작업반
목차 제장우리나라의범죄발생추이및주요국가와의비교 1 제1절서론 1 제2절우리나라의범죄발생 2 1. 전체범죄 2 2. 형법범죄 3 3. 흉악범죄 5 4. 소결 10 제3절주요국가범죄발생추세와의비교 11 1. 범죄통계비교선정국가및자료출처 11 2. 전체범죄비교 11 3. 주요지표범죄의국제적동향 17 4. 주요국가지표범죄발생추세소결 22 제4절결론 23 제2장범죄예방및수사에있어경찰, 해경, 검찰의장비실태 24 제1절서론 24 제2절예산을통해본장비실태 25 1. 경찰 25 2. 해양경찰 40 3. 검찰 50 제3절장비실태관련주요쟁점 51 1. 경찰 51 2. 해양경찰 61 3. 검찰 68 제4절결론 70
제3장치안투입의범죄억지효과에대한평가 72 제1절서론 72 제2절기존연구에대한검토 73 1. 개념적인틀 73 2. 실증연구의개관 75 3. 경찰력과범죄율에대한실증연구 76 4. 인력이외의요인에대한연구 78 5. 종합 79 제3절경찰인력, 장비, 예산및범죄율의추이 79 제4절치안투입의범죄억지효과에대한실증분석 83 1. 실증분석모형 83 2. 자료의소개및요약통계량 84 3. 추정결과 85 4. 결과에대한논의 88 제5절경찰인력과장비의대체관계에대한검토 89 제6절소결 92 참고문헌 93
표목차 < 표 1-1> 우리나라의전체범죄 (1989~2009) 3 < 표 1-2> 우리나라의형법범죄 (1989~2009) 4 < 표 1-3> 우리나라의살인범죄 (1989~2009) 6 < 표 1-4> 우리나라의강도범죄 (1989~2009) 7 < 표 1-5> 우리나라의성폭력범죄 (1989~2009) 9 < 표 1-6> 미국의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 13 < 표 1-7> 영국의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 14 < 표 1-8> 독일의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 14 < 표 1-9> 프랑스의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 15 < 표 1-10> 일본의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 15 < 표 1-11> 주요국가의전체범죄의 10만명당발생비 (1999~2009) 16 < 표 1-12> 주요국가의살인범죄발생건수1999~2009) 18 < 표 1-13> 주요국가의강도범죄발생건수 (1999~2009) 20 < 표 1-14> 주요국가의성폭력범죄발생건수 (1999~2009) 21 < 표 2-1> 경찰예산의변화 26 < 표 2-2> 경찰예산의구성 28 < 표 2-3> 경찰장비예산에포함돤항목과예시 29 < 표 2-4> 경찰청예산구조 30 < 표 2-5> 경찰총예산대비장비예산비율 31 < 표 2-6> 경찰기본경비와사업비대비장비예산비율 33 < 표 2-7> 경찰인건비대비장비예산비율 35 < 표 2-8> 경찰수사부서예산대비장비예산비율 37 < 표 2-9> 경찰지구대, 파출소예산대비장비예산비율 38 < 표 2-10> 해양경찰청예산의변화 41 < 표 2-11> 해경의예산구성 42 < 표 2-12> 해양경비 44 < 표 2-13> 정보수사 45 < 표 2-14> 장비지원 46
< 표 2-15> 해양안전 48 < 표 2-16> 해양오염 49 < 표 2-17> 검찰청예산의변화 50 < 표 2-18> 검찰정원 50 < 표 2-19> 지역경찰의장비보유현황 51 < 표 2-20> 지역경찰의기타장비보유현황 51 < 표 2-21> 순찰차량보유현황 52 < 표 2-22> 지하철경찰대장비보유현황 52 < 표 2-23> 내수면구조대의장비보유현황 52 < 표 2-24> 산악구조대의장비보유현황 52 < 표 2-25> 과학수사장비구매현황 54 < 표 2-26> 지방청및경찰서과학수사장비목록 56 < 표 2-27> 사이버수사분야인력현황 59 < 표 2-28> 디지털증거수집장비보유현황 59 < 표 2-29> 디지털증거수집프로그램보유현황 59 < 표 2-30> 디지털증거분석장비보유현황 59 < 표 2-31> 디지털증거저장장비보유현황 59 < 표 2-32> 관서별운용현황 60 < 표 2-33> 지방청별함정보유현황 62 < 표 2-34> 장비가격대별함정보유현황 62 < 표 2-35> 내용연수별 ( 구입년도기준 ) 함정보유현황 63 < 표 2-36> 지방청별항공기보유현황 64 < 표 2-37> 항공기가격 ( 도입당시기준 ) 64 < 표 2-38> 함정수리종류 65 < 표 2-39> 연도별예산소요액 67 < 표 2-40> 검찰의디지털수사팀설치 68 < 표 2-41> 국내디지털수사 ( 포렌식 ) 센터운영현황 69 < 표 3-1> 최근흉악범죄발생건수및범죄율 80 < 표 3-2> 경찰예산, 경찰공무원수, 차량보유 82 < 표 3-3> 요약통계량 85 < 표 3-4> 범죄율의회귀분석결과 86 < 표 3-5> 검거율의회귀분석결과 87 < 표 3-6> 인력과장비의대체탄력성 91
그림목차 [ 그림 1-1] 우리나라의전체범죄발생비 (1989~2009) 2 [ 그림 1-2] 우리나라의형법범죄발생비 (1989~2009) 4 [ 그림 1-3] 우리나라의살인범죄발생비 (1989~2009) 5 [ 그림 1-4] 우리나라의강도범죄발생비 (1989~2009) 7 [ 그림 1-5] 우리나라의성폭력범죄발생비 (1989~2009) 9 [ 그림 1-6] 주요국가의공식통계상의전체범죄발생추세 (1999~2009) 12 [ 그림 1-7] 주요국가의전체범죄발생비추세 (1999~2009) 16 [ 그림 1-8] 주요국가의살인범죄발생비추세 (1999~2009) 18 [ 그림 1-9] 주요국가의강도범죄발생비추세 (1999~2009) 19 [ 그림 1-10] 주요국가의성폭력범죄의발생비추세 (1999~2009) 21 [ 그림 2-1] 국민 1인당치안예산규모 27 [ 그림 2-2] 국민 1인당치안예산규모 27 [ 그림 2-3] 경찰총예산대비수사부서의장비별예산비율 32 [ 그림 2-4] 경찰총예산대비파출소, 지구대의장비별예산비율 32 [ 그림 2-5] 경찰기본경비와사업비대비수사부서의장비별예산비율 34 [ 그림 2-6] 경찰기본경비와사업비대비지구대, 파출소의장비별예산비율 34 [ 그림 2-7] 경찰인건비대비수사부서의장비별예산비율 36 [ 그림 2-8] 경찰인건비대비지구대, 파출소의장비별예산비율 36 [ 그림 2-9] 수사부서예산대비장비별예산비율 37 [ 그림 2-10] 지구대 파출소예산대비장비별예산비율 39 [ 그림 2-11] 총예산대비장비별예산비율 47 [ 그림 2-12] 장비지원예산대비장비별예산비율 47 [ 그림 3-1] 흉악범죄발생건수 81 [ 그림 3-2] 경찰인력, 차량, 예산의추이 82 [ 그림 3-3] 인력대비장비의비율과상대가격 90
제 1 장우리나라의범죄발생추이및주요국가와의비교 박미랑 ( 한국형사정책연구원 ) 제 1 절서론,,.... 20,,, () 20.. 10.,.,,,, 5. 5, (,, ).
(FBI),,,,. 제 2 절우리나라의범죄발생 1. 전체범죄 1989 2009 20 10. 1989 10 1990 10% 1998 1989 10 1.5, 2004 1.7. 2005 2006 2009. 20 71.91%( 1.7). [ 그림 1-1] 우리나라의전체범죄발생비 (1989~2009) (: ) 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 1989 1991 1993 1995 1 997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
< 표 1-1> 우리나라의전체범죄 (1989~2009) (: ) 10 1) (1989=100) 1989 1,073,997 2,534.0 100.00 1990 1,171,380 2,737.0 108.01 1991 1,230,118 2,843.0 112.19 1992 1,241,102 2,842.0 112.15 1993 1,356,914 3,080.0 121.55 1994 1,373,407 3,090.0 121.94 1995 1,399,085 3,119.0 123.09 1996 1,494,846 3,304.0 130.39 1997 1,588,613 3,454.0 136.31 1998 1,765,887 3,803.0 150.08 1999 1,732,522 3,716.5 146.67 2000 1,867,882 3,973.5 156.81 2001 1,985,980 4,193.6 165.49 2002 1,977,665 4,152.8 163.88 2003 2,004,329 4,188.0 165.27 2004 2,080,901 4,331.6 170.94 2005 1,893,896 3,934.3 155.26 2006 1,829,211 3,733.7 147.34 2007 1,965,977 3,987.7 157.37 2008 2,189,452 4,419.5 174.41 2009 2,168,185 4,356.1 171.91 : 1) 10. 2. 형법범죄, 1989 10 500 1992 10% 1993 15% 10 1000. 2001 2002 2009. 20 2.5.
[ 그림 1-2] 우리나라의형법범죄발생비 (1989~2009) (: ) < 표 1-2> 우리나라의형법범죄 (1989~2009) 10 1) (1989=100) 1989 242,332 572 100.00 1990 240,145 561 98.14 1991 241,667 559 97.69 1992 258,176 591 103.40 1993 287,451 652 114.12 1994 325,343 732 128.02 1995 361,175 805 140.82 1996 404,965 895 156.55 1997 397,580 864 151.19 1998 452,260 974 170.35 1999 462,253 992 173.50 2000 523,609 1,114 194.84 2001 553,673 1,169 204.46 2002 797,395 1,674 292.78 2003 857,488 1,792 313.42 2004 826,886 1,721 301.00 2005 825,840 1,716 300.13 2006 828,021 1,690 295.58 2007 845,311 1,715 299.95 2008 897,536 1,812 316.92 2009 993,136 1,995 348.92 : 1) 10. (: )
,, (). 3. 흉악범죄 가. 살인 1).,, 20., 1989 10 1.4 1998 2.1 2009 10 2.8. 1989 2. 10% 1997-1998 2008-2009 30%. [ 그림 1-3] 우리나라의살인범죄발생비 (1989~2009) (: ) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 1)..
< 표 1-3> 우리나라의살인범죄 (1989~2009) 10 1) (1989=100) 1989 578 1.4 100.00 1990 666 1.6 114.11 1991 630 1.5 106.77 1992 615 1.4 103.27 1993 806 1.8 134.15 1994 705 1.6 116.31 1995 646 1.4 105.60 1996 690 1.5 111.83 1997 789 1.7 125.79 1998 966 2.1 152.55 1999 984 2.1 153.99 2000 964 2.1 153.99 2001 1,064 2.2 161.32 2002 983 2.1 153.99 2003 1,011 2.1 153.99 2004 1,082 2.3 168.65 2005 1,091 2.3 168.65 2006 1,064 2.2 161.32 2007 1,124 2.3 168.65 2008 1,120 2.3 168.65 2009 1,390 2.8 205.32 : 1) 10. (: ) 나. 강도 1989 10 9.6 1994 1998 10.1 11.6. 1998 2003 2004 2008. 2009 12.8. 20 2004 2008 2009.
[ 그림 1-4] 우리나라의강도범죄발생비 (1989-2009) (: ) < 표 1-4> 우리나라의강도범죄 (1989~2009) 10 1) (1989=100) 1989 4,085 9.6 100.00 1990 4,195 9.8 101.70 1991 2,766 6.4 66.33 1992 2,549 5.8 60.56 1993 2,876 6.5 67.73 1994 4,469 10.1 104.32 1995 3,414 7.6 78.97 1996 3,586 7.9 82.24 1997 4,282 9.3 96.60 1998 5,407 11.6 120.82 1999 4,712 10.1 104.79 2000 5,349 11.4 118.28 2001 5,546 11.7 121.39 2002 5,953 12.5 129.69 2003 7,327 15.3 158.74 2004 5,762 12.0 124.50 2005 5,266 10.9 113.09 2006 4,684 9.6 99.60 2007 4,470 9.1 94.42 2008 4,827 9.7 100.64 2009 6,379 12.8 132.80 : 1) 10. (: )
다. 성폭력 2) 20, 1989 10 12 2009 32.5 3. 1989 1998 1994 1999 10 18.9,.,.,. 90%. 3). 2010.,. 2),. 3),, (),,,,. (, 2010). ().
[ 그림 1-5] 우리나라의성폭력범죄발생비 (1989~2009) (: ) < 표 1-5> 우리나라의성폭력범죄 (1989~2009) (: ) 10 1) (1989=100) 1989 5,102 12.0 100.00 1990 5,519 12.9 107.13 1991 5,175 12.0 99.36 1992 5,447 12.5 103.62 1993 7,051 16.0 132.96 1994 6,169 13.9 115.30 1995 4,912 11.0 90.97 1996 5,688 12.6 104.44 1997 5,665 12.3 102.32 1998 6,016 13.0 107.63 1999 8,830 18.9 157.01 2000 10,189 21.7 180.27 2001 10,446 22.1 183.59 2002 9,435 19.8 164.48 2003 10,365 21.7 180.27 2004 11,105 23.1 191.90 2005 11,757 24.4 202.70 2006 13,573 27.7 230.11 2007 13,634 27.7 230.11 2008 15,094 30.5 253.37 2009 16,156 32.5 269.98 : 1) 10.
4. 소결 20., 20 20 1989 10 1.5.., 1989 10 572, 2009 1995 3.7. -,, - 1998 1999,.,,.,.
제 3 절주요국가범죄발생추세와의비교 1. 범죄통계비교선정국가및자료출처,,,,, 5.,.,,,,, 6.. FBI,,,,,. 2. 전체범죄비교,,,,, 20,,, 10. < 1-6> < 1-10> 10.
[ 그림 1-6] 주요국가의공식통계상의전체범죄발생추세 (1999~2009) ( 좌 우, 상 하순서로, 미국, 영국, 독일, 프랑스, 일본, 한국순 ) (: ) 1999 2004 6.85% 2009 10 18.2% 3,466. 2000 2002 2004. 1999 10 10,046 2009 8,066 20%. 2002, 2002. 2009 10 7,383 1.5. 2001 2004 2005 2009
1999 2009 4%.,. 2000 2002 2003 1999 2009 7.5%.,,,,. 1/3, 1/8. 1999 10 1,709 2002 20%, 2003, 2009 1,703,369 10 1,336 1999 10 10 21.8%., 1999 2002 2003 2009. 1999 2006,,,. < 표 1-6> 미국의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 10 1) (1999=100) 1999 11,634,378 4,267 100.0 2000 11,608,070 4,125 96.7 2001 11,876,669 4,163 97.6 2002 11,878,954 4,125 96.7 2003 11,826,538 4,067 95.3 2004 11,679,474 3,977 93.2 2005 11,565,499 3,901 91.4 2006 11,467,310 3,838 89.9 2007 11,294,805 3,749 87.9 2008 11,167,778 3,669 86.0 2009 10,639,369 3,466 81.2 : 1) 10. (: )
< 표 1-7> 영국의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 10 1) (1999=100) 1999 5,301,187 10,046 100.0 2000 5,170,843 9,799 97.5 2001 5,525,024 10,470 104.2 2002 5,974,960 11,323 112.7 2003 6,013,759 11,308 112.6 2004 5,637,511 10,531 104.8 2005 5,555,174 10,328 102.8 2006 5,427,558 10,091 100.4 2007 4,951,173 9,205 91.6 2008 4,702,717 8,743 87.0 2009 4,338,604 8,066 80.2 : 1) 10. (: ) < 표 1-8> 독일의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 10 1) (1999=100) 1999 6,302,316 7,682 100.0 2000 6,264,723 7,625 99.3 2001 6,363,865 7,736 100.7 2002 6,507,394 7,893 102.7 2003 6,572,135 7,963 103.7 2004 6,633,156 8,037 104.6 2005 6,391,715 7,747 100.8 2006 6,304,223 7,647 99.5 2007 6,284,661 7,635 99.4 2008 6,114,128 7,436 96.8 2009 6,054,330 7,383 96.1 : 1) 10. (: )
< 표 1-9> 프랑스의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 10 1) (1999=100) 1999 3,567,864 6,097 100.0 2000 3,771,849 6,421 105.3 2001 4,061,792 6,880 112.8 2002 4,113,882 6,932 113.7 2003 3,974,694 6,666 109.3 2004 3,825,442 6,386 104.7 2005 3,775,838 6,235 102.3 2006 3,725,588 6,103 100.1 2007 3,589,293 5,833 95.7 2008 3,558,329 5,751 94.3 2009 3,521,256 5,639 92.5 : 1) 10. (: ) < 표 1-10> 일본의전체범죄발생건수및발생비 (1999~2009) 10 1) (1999=100) 1999 2,165,626 1,709 100.0 2000 2,443,470 1,925 112.6 2001 2,735,612 2,149 125.7 2002 2,854,061 2,239 131.0 2003 2,790,444 2,185 127.9 2004 2,563,037 2,006 117.4 2005 2,269,572 1,776 103.9 2006 2,051,229 1,605 93.9 2007 1,909,270 1,494 87.4 2008 1,818,374 1,424 83.3 2009 1,703,369 1,336 78.2 : 1) 10. (: )
[ 그림 1-7] 주요국가의전체범죄발생비추세 (1999~2009) (: ) 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 연도 1999 2000 2001 2002 20 03 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 미국영국독일프랑스일본한국 < 표 1-11> 주요국가의전체범죄의인구 10 만명당발생비 (1999~2009) (: ) 1999 4,267 10,046 7,682 6,097 1,709 3,716 2000 4,125 9,799 7,625 6,421 1,925 3,973 2001 4,163 10,470 7,736 6,880 2,149 4,193 2002 4,125 11,323 7,893 6,932 2,239 4,152 2003 4,067 11,308 7,963 6,666 2,185 4,188 2004 3,977 10,531 8,037 6,386 2,006 4,331 2005 3,901 10,328 7,747 6,235 1,776 3,934 2006 3,838 10,091 7,647 6,103 1,605 3,733 2007 3,749 9,205 7,635 5,833 1,494 3,987 2008 3,669 8,743 7,436 5,751 1,424 4,419 2009 3,466 8,066 7,383 5,639 1,336 4,356
3. 주요지표범죄의국제적동향,,.,.,, (). 가. 살인.,,.,,,. (). 10. 10 5,, 2 3. 1, 10 2. 5 2006 2009 2.8 10. 1999 3.5 2009 2.8, 1999 2.1 2009 2.8. 10 5 10 1,,, 2.3~2.8 2.
[ 그림 1-8] 주요국가의살인범죄발생비추세 (1999~2009) (: ) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 미국영국독일프랑스일본한국 < 표 1-12> 주요국가의살인범죄발생건수 (1999~2009) (: ) 1999 15,522 (5.7) 1,516 (2.9) 2,851 (3.5) 1,997 (3.4) 1,338 (1.1) 984 (2.1) 2000 15,586 (5.5) 1,558 (2.9) 2,770 (3.4) 2,166 (3.7) 1,462 (1.2) 964 (2.1) 2001 16,037 (5.6) 1,747 (3.3) 2,641 (3.2) 2,289 (3.9) 1,436 (1.1) 1,064 (2.2) 2002 16,229 (5.6) 1,869 (3.5) 2,664 (3.2) 2,415 (4.1) 1,489 (1.2) 983 (2.1) 2003 16,528 (5.7) 1,792 (3.4) 2,541 (3.1) 2,173 (3.6) 1,530 (1.2) 1,011 (2.1) 2004 16,148 (5.5) 1,608 (3.0) 2,480 (3.0) 2,097 (3.5) 1,508 (1.2) 1,082 (2.3) 2005 16,740 (5.6) 1,646 (3.1) 2,396 (2.9) 2,107 (3.5) 1,458 (1.1) 1,091 (2.3) 2006 17,318 (5.8) 1,391 (2.6) 2,468 (3.0) 1,937 (3.2) 1,361 (1.1) 1,064 (2.2) 2007 17,157 (5.7) 1,395 (2.6) 2,347 (2.9) 1,866 (3.0) 1,243 (1.0) 1,124 (2.3) 2008 16,442 (5.4) 1,233 (2.3) 2,266 (2.8) 1,899 (3.1) 1,341 (1.0) 1,120 (2.3) 2009 15,241 (5.0) 1,203 (2.3) 2,277 (2.8) 1,630 (2.7) 1,094 (0.9) 1,390 (2.8) : 10 ().
나. 강도,,,,. (). 2009 10 182.2, 139.0, 133.0, 60.0, 12.8, 3.5,. 3.5, 1/10. 10, 1999 150 2009 133. 1999 160 2002 229, 2003 2009 139. 1999 74.9 2009 60. 1999 3.3 2003 6.0 2004 2009 3.5. 1999 10 2004, 2004~2007 2008 2009 12.8.,,, 1/10, 3. [ 그림 1-9] 주요국가의강도범죄발생비추세 (1999~2009) (: )
< 표 1-13> 주요국가의강도범죄발생건수 (1999~2009) (: ) 1999 409,371 (150.1) 84,277 (160.8) 61,420 (74.9) - 4,237 (3.3) 4,712 (10.1) 2000 408,016 (145.0) 95,154 (180.7) 59,414 (72.3) - 5,173 (4.1) 5,349 (11.4) 2001 423,557 (148.5) 121,359 (229.3) 57,108 (69.4) - 6,393 (5.0) 5,546 (11.7) 2002 420,806 (146.1) 110,271 (207.4) 58,867 (71.4) - 6,984 (5.5) 5,953 (12.5) 2003 414,235 (142.5) 103,736 (192.8) 59,782 (72.4) 125,286 (210.1) 7,664 (6.0) 7,327 (15.3) 2004 401,470 (136.7) 91,010 (171.0) 59,732 (72.4) 119,641 (199.7) 7,295 (5.7) 5,762 (12.0) 2005 417,438 (140.8) 98,198 (183.8) 54,841 (66.5) 124,600 (205.8) 5,988 (4.7) 5,266 (10.9) 2006 449,803 (150.6) 101,376 (188.7) 53,696 (64.3) 127,190 (208.4) 5,108 (4.0) 4,684 (9.6) 2007 447,155 (148.4) 84,748 (157.7) 52,949 (64.3) 112,885 (182.5) 4,567 (3.6) 4,470 (9.1) 2008 443,574 (145.7) 80,134 (149.1) 49,913 (60.7) 106,633 (172.3) 4,278 (3.4) 4,827 (9.7) 2009 408,217 (133.0) 75,101 (139.7) 49,317 (60.1) 112,765 (182.2) 4,512 (3.5) 6,379 (12.8) : 10 (). 다. 성폭력 4) 2009, 28.7, 28.9, 24.4, 8.9, 1.0, 32.5. 10. 1999 32.7 10. 1999 18.8, 2009 10. 1999 9.2 2004 10.7 5 2005 2009 8.9. 2003 27.5 2009 24.4. 1999 1.5 2003 1.9 4 2004 2009 2009 10. 1999 18.9 2008, 2009 10 32.5. 30, 3. 10% (, 4) 2.
). [ 그림 1-10] 주요국가의성폭력범죄의발생비추세 (1999~2009) (: ) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 200 9 미국영국독일프랑스일본한국 < 표 1-14> 주요국가의성폭력범죄발생건수 (1999~2009) 2) (: ) 1999 89,411 (32.7) 9,860 (18.8) 7,565 (9.2) - 1,857 (1.5) 8,830 (18.9) 2000 90,178 (32.0) 9,985 (19.0) 7,499 (9.1) - 2,260 (1.8) 10,189 (21.7) 2001 90,863 (31.8) 11,231 (21.2) 7,891 (9.6) - 2,228 (1.8) 10,446 (22.1) 2002 95,235 (33.1) 13,993 (26.5) 8,615 (10.4) - 2,357 (1.8) 9,435 (19.8) 2003 93,883 (32.3) 15,395 (28.9) 8,766 (10.6) 16,423 (27.5) 2,472 (1.9) 10,365 (21.7) 2004 95,089 (32.4) 14,449 (27.5) 8,831 (10.7) 16,699 (27.9) 2,176 (1.7) 11,105 (23.1) 2005 94,347 (31.8) 14,581 (27.8) 8,133 (9.9) 15,574 (25.7) 2,076 (1.6) 11,757 (24.4) 2006 94,782 (31.7) 13,841 (26.4) 8,118 (9.8) 15,125 (24.8) 1,948 (1.5) 13,573 (27.7) 2007 91,874 (30.5) 12,670 (24.2) 7,511 (9.1) 15,587 (25.2) 1,766 (1.4) 13,634 (27.7) 2008 90,479 (29.7) 13,155 (25.1) 7,292 (8.9) 15,920 (25.7) 1,582 (1.2) 15,094 (30.5) 2009 88,097 (28.7) 15,165 (28.9) 7,314 (8.9) 15,103 (24.4) 1,402 (1.0) 16,156 (32.5) : 1) 10 (). 2) 2003. 2004. 2005 Norfolk.
4. 주요국가지표범죄발생추세소결,,, 1999 2002 2003 2009. 1999 2006,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,., 2006, 2005. 2003. 2009. 133, 28.7, 5.0. 26.6, 5.7. 139, 28.9, 2.3. 60.4, 12.5. 60, 8.9, 2.8, 22.2, 3.3. 182, 24, 2.7, 67.4, 8.9. 3.5, 1.0, 0.9, 3.9,. 12.8, 32.5, 2.8, 4.6, 11.6..,.
제 4 절결론. 20 10, 1999 2009 5.,.,.,., 20, 3.,, 10 1.3~2.7. 20 1998 1999 1997.,,,, 5. 1997, 5 1999 2009..
제 2 장범죄예방및수사에있어경찰, 해경, 검찰의장비실태 박경래 ( 한국형사정책연구원 ) 제 1 절서론......,,,,,, ( 2 4). 5),,,.. 5) 1, 1. 2 1.
., 10.,.,.,. 제 2 절예산을통해본장비실태 1. 경찰 가. 일반적인경찰예산추이 1991 2010 20,. 1995 2 1996 3, 2008 7., 1997 5% 2003 3% 3%. 1 (138,000) (351,000), 1 GDP 0.42% 0.78% 0.36%p.
< 표 2-1> 경찰예산의변화 (: ) / (%) (%) (%) 1991 17,643 313,823 17,002 641 () - - - - (23.4) (27.2) 5.60 1992 20,625 335,017 19,766 859 () - - - - (16.9) (6.8) 5.90 1993 23,559 1,071 380,500 21,858 670 - - - (14.2) () (13.6) 5.70 1994 26,085 432,500 24,396 855 834 - - - (10.7) (13.7) 5.60 1995 29,363 499,879 27,388 1,090 885 - - - (12.6) (15.6) 5.50 1996 34,019 579,621 31,732 1,309 978 - - - (15.9) (16.0) 5.50 1997 36,078 675,786 33,678 1,458 942 - - - (6.1) (16.6) 5.00 1998 34,833 755,800 32,711 1,152 970 - - - (-3.5) (11.8) 4.30 1999 34,754 836,852 32,557 1,203 994 - - - (-0.2) (10.7) 4.00 2000 36,744 864,740 34,566 880 410 888 - - (5.7) (3.3) 4.20 2001 43,847 991,801 40,332 1,065 1,580 870 - - (19.3) (14.7) 4.60 2002 49,279 1,058,761 43,169 1,102 4,100 908 - - (12.4) (6.8) 4.60 2003 54,894 1,181,323 45,958 1,275 6,519 1,142 - - (11.4) (11.6) 3.89 2004 54,400 1,201,393 47,973 1,483 3,641 1,303 - - (-0.9) (1.7) 3.99 2005 58,339 1,352,155 52,477 1,532 3,082 1,248 - - (7.2) (12.5) 3.88 2006 62,876 1,469,625 56,379 1,672 3,372 1,453 - - (7.8) (8.7) 3.83 2007 66,506 1,565,177 64,620 - - 1,563 323 - (5.8) (6.5) 4.12 2008 70,059 1,795,337 68,289 - - 1,443 327 - (5.3) (14.7) 3.80 2009 73,023 2,035,497 70,979 - - 1,454 319 269 (4.2) (13.4) 3.48 2010 75,807 2,012,834 71,768 - - 1,799 321 1,919 (3.8) (1.1) 3.56 : 010 ().
[ 그림 2-1] 국민 1 인당치안예산규모 : 1) OECD 2008 (PPT). 2) -, -, -,. : 2008. [ 그림 2-2] 국민 1 인당치안예산규모 : - / - / - /. : 2008.
< 2-2> 70%..,. 2000. < 표 2-2> 경찰예산의구성 (: ) / (%) 2001 43,707 28,684 15,023 65.63 2002 49,278 31,368 17,910 63.66 2003 54,764 33,719 21,045 61.57 2004 54,269 35,812 18,457 65.99 2005 58,205 39,003 19,202 67.01 2006 62,468 42,672 19,796 68.31 2007 65,936 45,928 20,008 69.66 2008 69,633 49,204 20,429 70.66 2009 72,684 51,760 20,924 71.21 2010 74,987 52,329 22,658 69.78 : (). 나. 장비관련경찰예산추이 1) 장비예산의추계 < 2-4> ( ).,..,,,,,,,.,
., 2011 2010.,.,,. < 표 2-3> 경찰장비예산에포함된항목과예시,,, (, ),,
< 표 2-4> 경찰청예산구조 (: ) (/) ( - ) (/) ( ) (/) (/) ( ) ( ) 2001 43,707 28,684 (90,819) 15,023 13,044 (34,548) 1,032 (14,894) 947 (41,377) 924 109 870 77 23 86 64 13 2002 49,278 31,368 (91,592) 17,910 15,763 (34,570) 1,179 (14,976) 968 (42,046) 1,082 97 867 101 20 78 56 45 2003 54,764 33,719 (92,165) 21,045 18,839 (34,361) 1,185 (15,558) 1,021 (42,246) 1,104 80 898 123 16 65 51 71 2004 54,269 35,812 (93,271) 18,457 16,222 (34,433) 1,203 (17,309) 1,032 (41,529) 1,126 77 893 139 14 64 41 99 2005 58,205 39,003 (95,336) 19,202 16,963 (35,490) 1,289 (18,173) 950 (41,673) 1,204 86 791 159 16 70 45 114 2006 62,468 42,672 (95,613) 19,796 17,341 (35,567) 1,455 (18,295) 1,000 (41,751) 1,271 184 817 183 18 166 55 129 2007 65,936 45,928 (96,324) 20,008 17,588 (35,984) 1,442 (18,428) 978 (41,912) 1,279 163 800 178 18 146 51 127 2008 69,633 49,204 (97,732) 20,429 17,955 (36,417) 1,534 (18,563) 940 (42,752) 1,370 164 763 177 20 145 54 124 2009 72,684 51,760 (99,554) 20,924 18,570 (38,435) 1,466 (18,534) 888 (42,585) 1,322 144 714 174 15 129 49 126 2010 74,987 52,329 (101,108) 22,658 20,239 (40,087) 1,577 (18,457) 842 (42,564) 1,372 204 648 194 14 189 46 148
2) 장비예산추이분석 가 ) 총예산대비장비예산추이 10 77 204. 0.14% 0.29%. 2001 0.05% 0.02-0.03%, 0.12% 0.27%.. 10,... < 표 2-5> 경찰총예산대비장비예산비율 (: ) A E E/A *100 F F/A *100 G G/A *100 H H/A *100 I/A I *100 J J/A *100 2001 43,707 109 0.25 77 0.18 23 0.05 86 0.20 64 0.15 13 0.03 2002 49,278 97 0.20 101 0.20 20 0.04 78 0.16 56 0.11 45 0.09 2003 54,764 80 0.15 123 0.22 16 0.03 65 0.12 51 0.09 71 0.13 2004 54,269 77 0.14 139 0.26 14 0.03 64 0.12 41 0.08 99 0.18 2005 58,205 86 0.15 159 0.27 16 0.03 70 0.12 45 0.08 114 0.20 2006 62,468 184 0.29 183 0.29 18 0.03 166 0.27 55 0.09 129 0.21 2007 65,936 163 0.25 178 0.27 18 0.03 146 0.22 51 0.08 127 0.19 2008 69,633 164 0.24 177 0.25 20 0.03 145 0.21 54 0.08 124 0.18 2009 72,684 144 0.20 174 0.24 15 0.02 129 0.18 49 0.07 126 0.17 2010 74,987 204 0.27 194 0.26 14 0.02 189 0.25 46 0.06 148 0.20 60,593 131 0.21 151 0.24 17 0.03 114 0.19 51 0.09 100 0.16 :.
[ 그림 2-3] 경찰총예산대비수사부서의장비별예산비율 (: %) 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 수사부서장비예산비율 수사부서개인장비예산비율 수사부서비개인장비예산비율 0 [ 그림 2-4] 경찰총예산대비파출소, 지구대의장비별예산비율 (: %) 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 지구대, 파출소장비예산비율 지구대, 파출소개인장비예산비율 지구대, 파출소비개인장비예산비율
나 ) 사업비대비장비예산 2003 0.38% 2006 0.93%, 0.8%.. 2001 0.51%, 2000 0.9%.,. < 표 2-6> 경찰기본경비와사업비대비장비예산비율 (: ) (- ) E B E/B *100 F F/B *100 G G/B *100 H H/B *100 I I/B *100 J J/B *100 2001 15,023 109 0.73 77 0.51 23 0.15 86 0.57 64 0.43 13 0.09 2002 17,910 97 0.54 101 0.56 20 0.11 78 0.44 56 0.31 45 0.25 2003 21,045 80 0.38 123 0.58 16 0.08 65 0.31 51 0.24 71 0.34 2004 18,457 77 0.42 139 0.75 14 0.08 64 0.35 41 0.22 99 0.54 2005 19,202 86 0.45 159 0.83 16 0.08 70 0.36 45 0.23 114 0.59 2006 19,796 184 0.93 183 0.92 18 0.09 166 0.84 55 0.28 129 0.65 2007 20,008 163 0.81 178 0.89 18 0.09 146 0.73 51 0.25 127 0.63 2008 20,429 164 0.80 177 0.87 20 0.10 145 0.71 54 0.26 124 0.61 2009 20,924 144 0.69 174 0.83 15 0.07 129 0.62 49 0.23 126 0.60 2010 22,658 204 0.90 194 0.86 14 0.06 189 0.83 46 0.20 148 0.65 19,545 131 0.67 151 0.76 17 0.09 114 0.58 51 0.27 100 0.50 :.
[ 그림 2-5] 경찰기본경비와사업비대비수사부서의장비별예산비율 (: %) 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 수사부서장비예산비율 수사부서개인장비예산비율 수사부서비개인장비예산비율 [ 그림 2-6] 경찰기본경비와사업비대비지구대, 파출소의장비별예산비율 (: %) 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 지구대, 파출소장비예산비율 지구대, 파출소개인장비예산비율 지구대, 파출소비개인장비예산비율
다 ) 인건비대비장비예산 2001 2010 10 82.4%, 87.2%, 152.0%., 2005 0.18% 2010 0.36%., 2001 0.05%, 0.3% 10. < 표 2-7> 경찰인건비대비장비예산비율 (: ) C E E/C *100 F F/C *100 G G/C *100 H H/C *100 I I/C *100 J J/C *100 2001 28,684 109 0.38 77 0.27 23 0.08 86 0.30 64 0.22 13 0.05 2002 31,368 97 0.31 101 0.32 20 0.06 78 0.25 56 0.18 45 0.14 2003 33,719 80 0.24 123 0.36 16 0.05 65 0.19 51 0.15 71 0.21 2004 35,812 77 0.22 139 0.39 14 0.04 64 0.18 41 0.11 99 0.28 2005 39,003 86 0.22 159 0.41 16 0.04 70 0.18 45 0.12 114 0.29 2006 42,672 184 0.43 183 0.43 18 0.04 166 0.39 55 0.13 129 0.30 2007 45,928 163 0.35 178 0.39 18 0.04 146 0.32 51 0.11 127 0.28 2008 49,204 164 0.33 177 0.36 20 0.04 145 0.29 54 0.11 124 0.25 2009 51,760 144 0.28 174 0.34 15 0.03 129 0.25 49 0.09 126 0.24 2010 52,329 204 0.39 194 0.37 14 0.03 189 0.36 46 0.09 148 0.28 41,048 131 0.32 151 0.36 17 0.05 114 0.27 51 0.13 100 0.23 :
[ 그림 2-7] 경찰인건비대비수사부서의장비별예산비율 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 수사부서장비예산비율 수사부서개인장비예산비율 (: %) 수사부서비개인장비예산비율 [ 그림 2-8] 경찰인건비대비지구대, 파출소의장비별예산비율 (: %) 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 지구대, 파출소장비예산비율 지구대, 파출소개인장비예산비율 지구대, 파출소비개인장비예산비율
라 ) 수사부서총예산대비장비예산 2001 1,032 2010 1,577 52.8%. 2001 109 2010 204 87.2%. 2001 2.2% 2010 0.9% 2004 5.3%, 2010 12.0%. < 표 2-8> 경찰수사부서예산대비장비예산비율 (: ) K E E/K *100 G G/K *100 H H/K *100 2001 1,032 109 10.6 23 2.2 86 8.3 2002 1,179 97 8.2 20 1.7 78 6.6 2003 1,185 80 6.8 16 1.4 65 5.5 2004 1,203 77 6.4 14 1.2 64 5.3 2005 1,289 86 6.7 16 1.2 70 5.4 2006 1,455 184 12.6 18 1.2 166 11.4 2007 1,442 163 11.3 18 1.2 146 10.1 2008 1,534 164 10.7 20 1.3 145 9.5 2009 1,466 144 9.8 15 1.0 129 8.8 2010 1,577 204 12.9 14 0.9 189 12.0 1,336 131 9.6 17 1.33 114 8.3 :. 마 ) 지구대총예산대비장비예산 2001 947 2010 842 11.1%, 77 194 152.0%. 5.37% 10, 2001 1.4% 17.6%.
[ 그림 2-9] 수사부서예산대비장비별예산비율 (: %) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 장비예산비율개인장비예산비율비개인장비예산비율 0 < 표 2-9> 경찰지구대, 파출소예산대비장비예산비율 (: ) L F F/L*100 I I/L*100 J J/L*100 2001 947 77 8.1 64 6.8 13 1.4 2002 968 101 10.4 56 5.8 45 4.6 2003 1,021 123 12.0 51 5.0 71 7.0 2004 1,032 139 13.5 41 4.0 99 9.6 2005 950 159 16.7 45 4.7 114 12.0 2006 1,000 183 18.3 55 5.5 129 12.9 2007 978 178 18.2 51 5.2 127 13.0 2008 940 177 18.8 54 5.7 124 13.2 2009 888 174 19.6 49 5.5 126 14.2 2010 842 194 23.0 46 5.5 148 17.6 957 151 15.86 51 5.37 100 10.55 :.
[ 그림 2-10] 지구대 파출소예산대비장비별예산비율 (: %) 25 20 15 10 5 장비예산비율 개인장비예산비율 비개인장비예산비율 0 3) 소결 2.,. 2001 10 82.4%, 87.2%, 152.0%..,. 10...,.,,.
2. 해양경찰 ( )...,. 가. 일반적인해양경찰청예산추이 1 1/10. 2011 1. 1996 2 2004 5 10%. 2000 0.4% 0.45%,., 2011 8, 1/8.,.
< 표 2-10> 해양경찰청예산의변화 (%) 1996 2,000 (-) 833 1,048 119 1997 2,531 (26.6) 922 1,473 136 1998 2,964 (17.1) 1,058 1,770 136 1999 3,041 (2.6) 1,002 1,657 382 2000 3,347 (10.11) 1,306 1,787 254 2001 3,769 (12.6) 1,524 1,978 267 2002 4,412 (17.1) 1,779 2,357 276 2003 4,901 (11.1) 1,973 2,637 291 2004 5,311 (8.4) 2,282 2,729 300 2005 5,854 (10.2) 2,551 2,969 334 2006 6,443 (10.1) 2,907 3,178 358 2007 7,488 (16.2) 3,235 3,947 306 2008 8,134 (8.6) 3,516 4,290 328 2009 8,613 (5.9) 3,750 4,523 340 2010 9,559 (11.0) 3,888 5,337 334 : 2011 (). (%) 579,621 (16.0) 675,786 (16.6) 755,800 (11.8) 836,852 (10.7) 864,740 (3.3) 991,801 (14.7) 1,058,761 (6.8) 1,181,323 (11.6) 1,201,393 (1.7) 1,352,155 (12.5) 1,469,625 (8.7) 1,565,177 (6.5) 1,795,337 (14.7) 2,035,497 (13.4) 2,012,834 (1.1) (: ) / (%) 0.35 0.37 0.39 0.36 0.39 0.38 0.42 0.41 0.44 0.43 0.44 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.47
나. 장비관련해양경찰청예산추이 1) 개관 < 2-11> 40%, 70%. 4 2007 2,042, 2008 1,827, 2009 1,975, 2010 2,511, 27.3%, 22.9%, 22.9%, 26.3%. 98%, 1%. < 표 2-11> 해경의예산구성 (: ) ( %) ( %) ( %) ( %) ( %) ( %) 2007 748,773,710 340,294,725 425,248,258 219,408,297 204,239,961 3,386,973 200,852,988 (45.45) (56.79) (29.30) (27.28) (0.45) (26.82) 2008 798,936,670 327,598,089 (41.00) 2009 861,294,474 365,138,056 (42.39) 2010 955,915,731 377,684,217 (39.51) 471,338,581 (59.00) 496,156,418 (57.61) 578,231,514 (60.49) 283,934,964 (35.54) 298,662,776 (34.68) 327,119,574 (34.22) 182,650,617 (22.86) 197,493,642 (22.93) 251,111,940 (26.27) 3,717,000 (0.47) 3,597,000 (0.42) 3,713,000 (0.39) 178,933,617 (22.40) 193,896,642 (22.51) 247,398,940 (25.88) 2) 기능별장비예산추이 가 ) 해양경비와정보수사. 2010 2,619, 1,714 65.5%,.,. < 2-12>,,.
,,,. 2010 766. 나 ) 장비지원.,,,,, (),. 22%~27%, 47% 57%. 1%, 21% 26%, 46% 56%., < 2-14>,,,,,,,,,. 다 ) 해양안전과해양오염관리,,,,,.. 2010 2,675, 1,656. 0.5%, 2%..,,. 2010 264 2,215. 29( 13.1%),.
< 표 2-12> 해양경비 2007 748,773,710 2008 798,936,670 2009 861,294,474 2010 955,915,731 () (/) (/) 555,277,181 193,496,529 (3,868) (3,298) 608,378,183 190,558,487 (3,960) (3,425) 659,480,246 201,814,228 (4,208) (3,489) 694,049,947 261,865,784 (4,409) (3,638) (: ) () () () 151,914,481 41,582,048 41,582,048 - - - 156,445,683 34,112,804 34,112,804 - - - 165,668,506 36,145,722 36,145,722 - - - 171,486,921 90,378,863 90,378,863 - - -
< 표 2-13> 정보수사 2007 748,773,710 2008 798,936,670 2009 861,294,474 2010 955,915,731 () (/) (/) 674,712,617 74,061,093 (6,413) (753) 723,738,877 (6,623) 75,197,793 (762) 784,419,250 76,875,224 (6,933) (764) 878,161,099 77,754,632 (7,281) (766) (: ) () () () 38,923,588 35,137,505 33,537,505 - - - 33,520,554 41,677,239 36,924,239 - - - 39,062,770 37,812,454 37,812,454 - - - 37,819,414 39,935,218 39,935,218 - - -
< 표 2-14> 장비지원 2007 748,773,710 2008 798,936,670 2009 861,294,474 2010 955,915,731 () (/) 383,889,219 (6,446) 423,970,390 (6,666) 473,153,492 (6,978) 527,342,159 (7,343) (/) 364,884,491 (720) 374,966,280 (719) 388,140,982 (719) 428,573,572 (704) : 1) ( /.). 2) ( / ). 3) ( / ). () 36,580,923 328,303,568 125,737,607 30,528,009 344,438,271 164,741,654 35,576,993 352,563,989 162,535,348 34,823,155 393,750,417 148,020,977 (/) () (% / %) 1) (% / %) 2) (% / %) 3) 202,565,961 (27.05/55.52) 179,696,617 (22.49/47.92) 190,028,641 (22.06/48.96) 245,729,440 (25.71/57.34) 3,386,973 (0.45/0.93) 3,717,000 (0.47/0.99) 3,597,000 (0.42/0.93) 3,713,000 (0.39/0.87) (: ) 199,178,988 (26.60/54.59) 175,979,617 (22.03/46.93) 186,431,641 (21.65/48.03) 242,016,440 (25.32/56.47)
[ 그림 2-11] 총예산대비장비별예산비율 [ 그림 2-12] 장비지원예산대비장비별예산비율 (: %) (: %) 30.0 70.0 25.0 60.0 20.0 50.0 15.0 10.0 장비예산 개인장비예산 비개인장비예산 40.0 30.0 20.0 장비예산 개인장비예산 비개인장비예산 5.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 2007 년 2008 년 2009 년 2010 년 2007 년 2008 년 2009 년 2010 년
< 표 2-15> 해양안전 () (/) (/) 2007 748,773,710 632,442,113 116,331,597 (5,024) (2,142) 2008 798,936,670 650,456,059 148,480,611 (5,160) (2,225) 2009 861,294,474 694,662,537 166,631,937 (5,236) (2,461) 2010 955,915,731 790,339,802 165,575,929 (5,372) (2,675) : ( / ). () () (% / %) 98,523,997 17,807,600 16,133,600 99,973,737 48,506,874 45,552,874 113,743,123 52,888,814 49,406,813 122,654,681 42,921,248 40,429,248 1,674,000 (0.22/1.44) 2,954,000 (0.37/1.99) 3,482,001 (0.40/2.09) 2,492,000 (0.26/1.51) () (: ) - 1,674,000-2,954,000-3,482,001-2,492,000
< 표 2-16> 해양오염 2007 748,773,710 2008 798,936,670 2009 861,294,474 2010 955,915,731 () (/) 732,004,437 (6,913) 789,203,171 (7,131) 833,462,371 (7,433) 933,769,917 (7,783) (/) 16,769,273 (253) 9,733,499 (254) 27,832,103 (264) 22,145,814 (264) () () (% / %) () 14,351,736 2,417,537 2,417,537 - - - 7,130,106 2,603,393 2,603,393 - - - 11,086,664 16,745,439 12,762,439 10,900,046 11,245,768 8,355,268 3,983,000 (0.46/14.31) 2,890,500 (0.30/13.05) (: ) - 3,983,000-2,890,500 : ( / ).
3. 검찰 2009 9,616 ( 1,847) 6. 75%,,. < 표 2-17> 검찰청예산의변화 (: ) 2001 341,735,207 250,274,685 91,460,522 2002 387,062,834 283,778,747 103,284,087 2003 422,398,357 304,971,248 117,427,109 2004 460,632,990 339,907,886 120,725,104 2005 492,422,086 361,446,544 130,975,542 2006 523,826,851 384,060,548 139,766,303 2007 552,343,603 405,361,046 146,982,557 2008 586,308,728 433,644,424 152,664,304 2009 606,606,729 455,356,829 151,249,900 2010 620,149,784 458,746,882 161,402,902 : (,,,,,,,,,,,,, ) < 표 2-18> 검찰정원 (: ) 2000 1,287 6,689 7,976 2001 1,287 6,715 8,002 2002 1,357 6,873 8,230 2003 1,427 7,029 8,456 2004 1,507 7,175 8,682 2005 1,587 7,336 8,923 2006 1,627 7,468 9,095 2007 1,667 7,685 9,352 2008 1,752 7,681 9,433 2009 1,847 7,769 9,616
제 3 절장비실태관련주요쟁점 6) 1. 경찰 가. 범죄예방분야 1) 일반적인보유장비현황 < 2-19> < 2-24>. < 표 2-19> 지역경찰의장비보유현황 (:, ) () PDA 4,611 1,748 11,113 416 3,274 8,075 512 4,317 2,988 4,298 < 표 2-20> 지역경찰의기타장비보유현황 (:, ) 6,352 33,581 4,059 19,230 1,975 171 2,020 6),.
< 표 2-22> 지하철경찰대장비보유현황 (:, ) ( ) ( ) (, ) 6 430 34 923 2,020 4 < 표 2-23> 내수면구조대의장비보유현황 (: ) 4 46 23 1 2 8 4 46 496 12 1 2 8 2 3 1 4 1 < 표 2-24> 산악구조대의장비보유현황 (:, ) () 32 351 6 1 () 32 351 5 1 () 38 403 < 표 2-21> 순찰차량보유현황 (: ) (1,600cc) (2,000cc) (8001,000cc) 3,675 3,359 210 106
2) 경찰장비취득과운용상의문제점., 50%. 30%. 2 6....( 1 11,782, 3,663 3.2 1,, 2 1 2.5 1.),.. 1990..,.,. 100%.. 나. 범죄수사분야 1) 과학수사관련보유장비현황과문제점 < 2-25>. 15 1,522, (CIMS), (e-cris).
< 표 2-25> 과학수사장비구매현황 (: ) 2006 2005 PC 8 9,116 55 38,903 110 274,000 139 32,000 1 650,000 29 1,300,000 11 438,591 74 250,416 60 671,006 18 13,589 18 14,652 870 169,562 250 51,407 3 93,972 GPS 18 12,562 174 180,517 16 4,726 123 192,219 125 353,100 15 17,461 250 7,563 CCTV 15 90,500 1 447,904 15 3,063 2 977,005
< 표 2-25> 의계속 (: ) 25 291,294 3 133,356 LED 500 8,650 250 61,267 1 10,700 260 47,052 252 45,318 14 11,060 2004 80 12,100 12 84,722 90 55,494 1 297,994 15 115,061 15 90,474 1 19,999 126 291,108 1 528,900 1 870,000 : 2006...,.,,,,. DNA,,,..,,,,,,,,. < 2-26>,.
< 표 2-26> 지방청및경찰서과학수사장비목록, (10), (5),,,,,, (6,000V), (10,000V),,,, AFIS, FTIS, (),,,, (),,,, (),,, (), (),, (), 3D
< 표 2-26> 의계속 (),,,,,,.,.,.......,....,..,, (), (),,, GPS, GPS,,,,,,,
,.,..,,....,. 2) 사이버범죄수사관련장비현황과문제점,.,..,,, (, 2006). < 2-27> < 2-31>,. 100 4~5., 960.
946 45 178 76 50 51 35 31 21 188 33 24 28 42 38 47 45 14 248. 31 15 9 9 5 5 4 41 17 11 15 15 21 24 23 3 < 표 2-27> 사이버수사분야인력현황 ( 11. 3, : ) 292 18 64 30 18 18 12 12 6 50 8 6 4 10 8 12 12 4 IDE / SATA 152 15 32 15 9 9 6 6 3 25 4 3 2 5 4 6 6 2 USB 140 3 32 15 9 9 6 6 3 25 4 3 2 5 4 6 6 2 < 표 2-28> 디지털증거수집장비보유현황 (: ) 88 26 8 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 < 표 2-29> 디지털증거수집프로그램보유현황 (: ) 24 6 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 < 표 2-30> 디지털증거분석장비보유현황 (: ) 17 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 < 표 2-31> 디지털증거저장장비보유현황 (: )
3) 범죄수사차량및기타장비.. < 2-32>,.,. 1,984 1,348 69.7%. 1... 1,..,. 40 10..,.,. 20 35,. < 표 2-32> 관서별운용현황 ('10 12, : ) 1 2 3, 265 135 39 74 17 () 1,934 1,350 234 222 128 1,348 995 151 82 85 (%) 69.7 73.7 64.5 36.9 66 : 1) : 1. 2) : 1 78.
2. 해양경찰 가. 장비보유현황. 1) 함정 29, 39, 130 535. 131, 165, 173, 62, 4.
< 표 2-33> 지방청별함정보유현황 (:, ) 535 25 37 38 31 44 44 37 40 44 40 36 31 22 62 4 29 4 3 1 6 2 1 3 3 3 3 39 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 6 130 8 7 10 7 9 12 9 11 12 14 12 4 4 11 26 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 3 2 3 1 1 3 53 2 1 2 3 5 4 4 5 6 9 6 2 2 2 6 1 1 1 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 13 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 61 3 5 5 3 5 5 4 4 5 6 5 3 2 6 16 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 3 RIB 131 4 13 10 7 16 9 9 6 8 4 4 12 8 21 26 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 < 표 2-34> 장비가격대별함정보유현황 (: ) 1500 1000 700 600 350 50 10 30 0.3 2.1 4.5 65 6 50
< 표 2-35> 내용연수별 ( 구입년도기준 ) 함정보유현황 (:, ) 29 39 130 26 53 4 1 6 2 17 33 1 32 3 31 2 30 1 4 29 1 3 1 28 1 1 26 1 25 1 1 24 1 23 1 1 2 22 1 3 2 1 21 2 2 20 1 1 4 19 1 2 18 1 4 1 1 1 17 1 6 1 16 8 1 2 15 1 9 2 1 14 7 2 5 2 13 1 6 1 2 12 1 4 3 25 1 1 11 1 1 4 2 1 10 1 1 3 2 9 3 1 3 1 4 1 8 1 6 1 3 2 7 3 10 1 2 6 2 20 1 2 1 2 5 2 20 1 4 1 12 2 3 3 4 2 1 1 2 6 6 2 1 3 6 2
2) 항공기 19 4, 5, 7, 3. < 표 2-36> 지방청별항공기보유현황 (: ) 21 3 1 3 2 2 2 3 5 4 1 3 17 3 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 < 표 2-37> 항공기가격 ( 도입당시기준 ) (:, ) CN-235 C-212 AW-139 1 4 1 8 6 3 1 273 305 115 50 98 180 27
나. 현행장비유지보수체계및문제점 1) 함정보수체계와문제점 < 표 2-38> 함정수리종류 (, ),, ( (3,500~36,000) ) - 2.5-1.5 2 (, - 3 1 ) - 120-30 - 3,000 20-110 - 20~15-1,500 18-80 - < 2-38>,,,. - 06 419 10 536 (117, 27.9% ) - : 06 47 10 54 (7, 14.8% 2,9% ) (1 1) (57, 0.52%) - (7%) (210, )
2) 항공기보수체계와문제점,. (). 다. 향후개선방향 2006 2011 45, 2017. 2011 1,099, 2002 1,428, 2013 4,080..,. 2005 31. 2005...,. ().
< 표 2-39> 연도별예산소요액 (: ) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 268,412 317,455 337,355 467,561 421,429 10,043 10,051 10,553 11,080 11,634 21,260 36,720 40,212 44,229 45,229 76,084 43,878 33,135 31,659 30,184 36,545 30,800 30,800 48,100 47,800 109,867 164,030 177,686 270,883 243,272 5,352 12,260 11,360 12,260 7,460 300 4,201 17,499 28,000 10,000 450 450 450 450 450 () 1,235 7,765 3,000 3,000 3,000 1,800 3,250 650 - - 5,476 4,050 12,010 17,900 22,400 : 2011~2015.
3. 검찰. (KD-NET). 2005, (4, 1 ). ( 19 100 ). < 표 2-40> 검찰의디지털수사팀설치 (: ) 2005. 8 33,,, 2007. 3 6 2008. 6 5 2009. 6 3 2010. 5 4 2010. 12 4 2011. 5 4 2012...,,.,,.
< 표 2-41> 국내디지털수사 ( 포렌식 ) 센터운영현황 16 2000,,,,,,, DB, 4,, 2008.11 5, 2 2008.11 2010.04 2010.04 2009 1,634...,.,.
제 4 절결론.,...,.,.,.,.,.,,..,.,,...,.
,.,,......,,..,,,,..
제 3 장치안투입의범죄억지효과에대한평가 민희철 ( 한성대학교 ) 제 1 절서론. 2000.,,, 1999 13,213 2009 25,791 10 2..,. Becker(1968).......,,
(Simultaneity)...,,,.. 2. 3 10. 4 5. 6. 제 2 절기존연구에대한검토 1. 개념적인틀.,.,..,.. Becker(1968),..,..
.,.,.,,.,,,,.., ( ),.. () (),.,,...,........
, (displacement),,.,.,.,,.. Becker(1968) (risk)..,... (program evaluation). 2. 실증연구의개관..,,..,,.
(cross-section). (Cameron 1988). (simultaneity) (endogeneity).,,. 1990..,.,,.. 3. 경찰력과범죄율에대한실증연구 Marvell and Moody(1996) 1968~1993 49, 1971~1992 56.., 10% 3%. Corman and Mocan(2000) 1970 1 1996 12., (month).., 10% 10%,. Marvell and Moody(1996) Corman and Mocan(2000)
,,. Levitt(1997) 1970~1992 59.,. 10% 3~10%,. Evans and Owens(2007) (Community Oriented Policing Services, COPS). 1 10% 9.9% 2.6%.., (racial profiling),. DeAngelo and Hansen(2010) 2003 (Oregon) (layoff). 35% 10~20%. Klick and Tabarrok(2005) 2001 911 (Department of Homeland Security). 5, 2002 3 2003 7. -0.3. (2006) 2003 2005 APEC.. 2003,,. 2005 APEC,.,,.
(2009),,., 1... 4. 인력이외의요인에대한연구,.,.. Gyapong and Gyimah-Brempong(1988) 1984~1985 130,, (),. -0.24, 1% 0.24%... Garicano and Heaton(2006) PC,, IT. IT,,. CCTV. Welsh and Farrington(2002) CCTV 22.. CCTV,.
(2009), 5 CCTV 2002 10.. CCTV,.. -, (difference-in-differences), CCTV. 5. 종합,..,. -0.3~-1.0.. 제 3 절경찰인력, 장비, 예산및범죄율의추이 10,,. (2009),,, 4. 4 (). < 3-1> [ 3-1] 1999 2009 4. 1999 13,213 2009 25,791 2. 100,000 1999 28.3
2009 52.9.,. 1999 6,410 2009 16,156, 2009 25,791 62.6%.,,. 4 10, 9.7%, 3.1%, 5.4%, 3.5%. [ 3-1]. < 표 3-1> 최근흉악범죄발생건수및범죄율 (: ) 1999 6,410 4,712 1,107 984 13,213 28.3 2000 6,982 5,349 1,278 964 14,573 31.0 2001 6,911 5,546 1,375 1,064 14,896 31.5 2002 9,435 5,953 1,388 983 17,759 37.3 2003 10,365 7,327 1,713 1,011 20,416 42.7 2004 11,105 5,762 1,590 1,082 19,539 40.7 2005 11,757 5,266 1,827 1,091 19,941 41.4 2006 13,573 4,684 1,685 1,064 21,006 43.5 2007 13,634 4,470 1,694 1,124 20,922 43.2 2008 15,094 4,827 1,946 1,120 22,987 47.3 2009 16,156 6,379 1,866 1,390 25,791 52.9 : 100,000. :.
[ 그림 3-1] 흉악범죄발생건수 (: ) 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 강간강도방화살인 < 3-2> 10,,. 1999 3.5 2009 7.2 10 2. 1999 90,623 2009 99,554. 1999 10,633 2009 12,339, 1 0.117 0.124., (aggregate). [ 3-2]. 10 2 10~16%.. 1999 1.9 2009 5.2. 1999 54% 2009 72%. 10.
< 표 3-2> 경찰예산, 경찰공무원수, 차량보유 (: 10, %,, ) 1 (10) (10) (%) () () () 1999 3,475 1,870 54 90,623 10,633 0.117 2000 3,701 2,458 66 90,670 11,169 0.123 2001 4,399 2,868 65 90,819 10,907 0.120 2002 4,936 3,122 63 91,592 10,926 0.119 2003 5,476 3,372 62 92,165 11,326 0.123 2004 5,427 3,581 66 93,271 10,959 0.117 2005 5,823 3,900 67 95,336 11,030 0.116 2006 6,251 4,267 68 95,613 11,361 0.119 2007 6,599 4,591 70 96,324 11,699 0.121 2008 6,968 4,920 71 97,732 12,008 0.123 2009 7,239 5,176 72 99,554 12,339 0.124 :. [ 그림 3-2] 경찰인력, 차량, 예산의추이 (:,, 10) 120,000 8,000 100,000 7,000 6,000 80,000 5,000 60,000 4,000 40,000 3,000 2,000 20,000 1,000 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 경찰인력차량예산 ( 오른쪽축 ) 0
. 10.,.. 1.,... 제 4 절치안투입의범죄억지효과에대한실증분석 1. 실증분석모형. () (), () ()... ( ),..,
. (1), (2). (), (), () (). (1)..,.,,.,. 2. 자료의소개및요약통계량 2001 2009 14,,. 7),,,,,,,,,,,,,. 8) 14 9. 126 2001, 112.,,, 4, 10. 4,.,. 15 7) 2000. 8) 2007..
~34. < 3-3>. 10,,, 4 41.5, 24.5 78.4. 10 200.7, 120.2, 257.1. 4. 92.0% 70.1% 108.2%. 100%.. 2010 1 95%,. < 표 3-3> 요약통계량 AR /*100 112 92.0 6.7 70.1 108.2 CR POL 10 10 112 41.5 8.8 24.5 78.4 112 200.7 35.6 120.2 257.1 GGRDP (%) 112 3.7 3.1-4.2 12.7 UNEMP (%) 112 3.1 0.9 1.3 4.8 PGRDP 1 () 112 19.0 6.6 10.8 41.1 YOUNG 15~34 (%) 112 29.9 2.5 25.2 37.1 3. 추정결과 < 3-4> (1), 1~6.,. 1, 4, 5, 6 ()
.. < 3-4>. 3 10. () (). 2, 4, 6 4.4~5.0 1%. 1% 10 4.4~5.0. 3, 6-3.9 10%.,. < 표 3-4> 범죄율의회귀분석결과 1 2 3 4 5 6 POL(t-1) -0.024 0.056-0.021 0.026 (0.099) (0.105) (0.100) (0.112) UNEMP 4.385*** 4.670*** 5.030*** (1.512) (1.632) (1.782) GGRDP -0.386* -0.385* (0.202) (0.203) PGRDP -0.121 (0.578) YOUNG -1.504 (1.616) 0.695 0.712 0.704 0.710 0.701 0.705 112 112 112 112 112 112 :. ***, **, * 1%, 5%, 10%. < 3-5> (2).
1~5. ( ). 0.19~0.22 5%.. 2 4. 3, 4, 5-0.2.... < 표 3-5> 검거율의회귀분석결과 POL(t-1) POL(t-2) CR(t-1) CR(t-2) UNEMP PGRDP YOUNG 1 2 3 4 5 0.218** 0.206** 0.202** 0.189* 0.212** (0.086) (0.097) (0.086) (0.100) (0.098) 0.000-0.005 (0.106) (0.114) -0.159* -0.232*** -0.185** (0.090) (0.087) (0.084) 0.056 (0.104) 2.551 (2.282) 1.316* (0.728) -3.772** (1.886) 0.630 0.629 0.636 0.641 0.651 112 98 112 98 112 :. ***, **, * 1%, 5%, 10%.
4. 결과에대한논의..... (2006) APEC,.,.,.,,.,.,..,.
제 5 절경찰인력과장비의대체관계에대한검토 (marginal rate of technical substitution)...,.,., 10%... - -... [ 3-3] 1983.,., 1,. 1983..,,
,.. [ 3-3].. [ 그림 3-3] 인력대비장비의비율과상대가격 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 ( 자동차물가지수 )/(1인당인건비 ) : /1 / 1983. < 3-6>. (/ ) ()/(1). 9) 1983~2009 0.35, 9).,
1% 0.35%. Gyapong and Gyimah-Brempong(1988) 0.24,. 1983~2009.. < 3-6>, 1983~1990-0.72, 1990~1999-0.45, 1999~2009-0.06.,.. 10 1, 10. < 표 3-6> 인력과장비의대체탄력성 1983~2009 1983~1990 1990~1999 1999~2009-0.35-0.72-0.45-0.06 : (/) ()/(1) 1980..,. 2000, 1.,.. 2000. (homothetic),.
. 제 6 절소결.,,.,,,,. 2001,...,.,. 1980,., 2000. 1..
참고문헌 1. FBI http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2009/index.html http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/science-research-statistics/research-statistics/crime-research/ hosb0611/?view=standard&pubid=885323 Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik 2010 http://www.bka.de/pks/pks2010/startseite.html http://www.inhesj.fr/fichiers/ondrp/anglais/synthe%20gb%20final.pdf http://hakusyo1.moj.go.jp/en/57/nfm/mokuji.html,, 2009.,, 2009. 2.,,,, 2011.,,.,, 13, 1997.,,, 2007.,,.,,, 2010., :,, 2010.,, 2010.
,,. 3.,,, 25, 47-77, 2006., " CCTV :,, 20 3, 213-238, 2009. Becker, G., "Crime and Punishment: an Economic Analysis," Journal of Political Economy, 78, 2, 169-217, 1968. Cameron, "The Economics of Deterrence: a Survey of Theory and Evidence," Kyklos, 41, 301-323, 1988. Corman H. and H. Mocan, "A Time-series Analysis of Crime, Deterrence, and Drug Abuse in New York City," American Economic Review, 90, 584-604, 2000. DeAngelo, G. and B. Hansen, "Life and Death in the Fast Lane: Police Enforcement and Roadway Safety," mimeo, 2010. Evans, W. and E. Owens, "COPS and Crime," Journal of Public Economics, 91, 181-201, 2007. Welsh, B. C. and D. P. Farrington, Crime prevention effects of closed circuit television: a systematic review, Home Office Study 252, London: Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate, 2002. Garicano, L. and P. Heaton, "Computing Crime: Information Technology, Police Effectiveness and the Organization of Policing," CEPR Discussion Paper 5837, 2006. Gyapong, A. and K. Gyimah-Brempong, "Factor Substitution, Price Elasticity of Factor Demand and Returns to Scale in Police Production," Southern Economic Journal, 54, 863-878, 1988. Levitt, S. "Using Electoral Cycles in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of Police on Crime," American Economic Review, 87, 270-290, 1997. Marvell, T. and C. Moody, "Specification Problems, Police Levels, and Crime Rates," Criminology, 34, 609-646, 1996.