w z wz 16(2) : 239~252, 2011 Korean J Community Nutr 16(2) : 239~252, 2011 DOI:10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.2.239 경남지역일부갱년기 폐경기여성의식사와건강보조식품에관한신념 - 포커스그룹심층면접연구 - Á½ 1) Á x w t w, 1) w t w Climacteric and Menopausal Women's Beliefs on Daily Meals and Food Supplements - A Focus Group Interview Study - +FPOH4PPO1ZVO.J+FPOH,JN,ZVOH)FB-FF Department of Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea 1) Department of Food and Nutrition, Silla University, Busan, Korea "CTUSBDU The aim of the study was to explore the current status as well as personal views, attitudes, and beliefs regarding daily meal consumption (DM) and food supplement use (FS) in conjunction with the improvement of health condition of the women. Eight focus group interviews were performed and the interview material was condensed systematically with the aim to extract core meanings related to DM, FS, and menopause-associated health. Participants were 40 in number and showed ages ranging from 45 and 60 years with various menopausal status. Current status and beliefs about DM, resources of purchase motivation of FS, types of FS that are currently used, and perceived effects and personal beliefs about FS are discussed. Theme content analysis revealed 3 themes for beliefs about DM, 5 themes for beliefs pertaining FS, and 4 themes for the association between DM and FS. Non-dietary factors such as positive mental attitude and exercise appeared to be also important to maintain good health. The bottom line message from this study may be that proper nutrition through daily meals is essential for good health, while food supplement are used merely to supplement the diet. Findings from this study may deepen our understanding of how women who translate their lifespan through menopause perceive the roles and meaning of DM and FS, suggesting health professionals need to monitor and evaluate DM and implement strategies targeting the improvement of daily meal quality of middle and older aged women. (Korean J Community Nutr 16(2) : 239~252, 2011) KEY WORDS : focus group interviewámenopausal womenádaily mealsáfood supplementsáclimacteric symptoms 서 p p# # tp# p #p p# p#lq #p 1# ~#q # /#r# #l p t rp# ˆ t #tol +Phgldq#djh,p#5343 # q #6<13 p /#5353 #7816 /#5363 #8319 /#5383 r p=#5344 #6o#35p#r rp=#5344 #6o#49p# r }ˆp=#5344 #7o#37p#}ˆ *This study was supported by the 2009 research fund(09-41) from Management Center for Health Promotion in Republic of Korea. Corresponding author: Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon University, #9 Sarim-Dong, Changwon 641-773, Korea Tel: (055) 213-3514 Fax: (055) 281-7480 E-mail: khl@sarim.changwon.ac.kr 론 #8;1; l# # p # /#n #l p# p#5343 # q#;51< p /#5353 /#5363 /#5383 l # #;71: /#;916 /#;;1< # l #r p t p #l p p#v #m +Nruhdq#Qdwlrqdo Vwdwlvwlfdo#Riilfh#533;,1# #n #r~#l #t 78 #p p# v #p pp#r #v l#5353 l #p p#p #4/4:< p #r~#l p p#7816( l#p # +Nruhdq#Qdwlrqdo#Vwdwlvwlfdo#Riilfh#533;, p #m #pl# /# #l l# # ep#k p #v # p 1#p # q # #p #tn ev#tp# #l p# kt #tl # #p p# p# l# #o # l #p #rp 1#m # p#;3 # r #83 l# # #l p# n qep# #t#k#73( # # l# # # p 1# 239
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242Áˆ»Ás» t w Table 1. Recruitment of participants for 8 focus group interviews Characteristics of each focus group interview Interview session 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 Total (Mean) Number of participants 85 83 84 85 85 85 85 88 40 Ages of participants (yrs) 53 60 51 57 48 60 45 57 45 54 46 50 47 60 45 54 52 Preclimacteric 81 82 83 80 83 89 Menopausal Climacteric 81 83 82 81 82 82 82 84 17 status Menopausal 84 82 83 81 82 12 Artificial 1) 81 81 82 Duration (min) 72 58 67 80 75 68 65 90 72 1) Artificial: artificial menopause Table 2. General characteristics of subjects Variables Menopausal status Preclimacteric Climacteric Menopausal Artificial 1) Age (Mean)* 45.8 4.3 50.4 2.9 57.4 3.4 54.50 7.0 52.0 7.5 Marital status Education Monthly income (104 won) Religion Single 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) Marriage 9 (100.0) 17 (100.0) 10 (680.0) 2 (100.0) 38 (695.0) Widowed 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (610.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (662.5) Divorced 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (610.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (662.5) Middle school 0 (660.0) 1 (667.7) 8 (657.2) 0 (660.0) 9 (622.5) High school 8 (672.7) 9 (669.2) 3 (621.4) 2 (100.0) 22 (655.0) College 2 (618.2) 3 (623.1) 3 (621.4) 0 (660.0) 8 (620.0) Post-graduate 1 (669.1) 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (662.5) 100 200 0 (660.0) 1 (666.7) 6 (646.2) 1 (650.0) 8 (620.0) 200 300 8 (680.0) 13 (686.7) 3 (623.1) 1 (650.0) 25 (662.5) 300 400 2 (620.0) 1 (666.7) 3 (623.1) 0 (660.0) 6 (615.0) 400 500 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (667.7) 0 (660.0) 1 (662.5) Buddhism 7 (663.6) 10 (658.8) 6 (660.0) 2 (100.0) 25 (662.5) Protestant 2 (618.2) 3 (617.7) 1 (610.0) 0 (660.0) 6 (615.0) Catholic 2 (618.2) 3 (617.7) 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 5 (612.5) None 0 (660.0) 1 (665.9) 3 (630.0) 0 (660.0) 4 (610.0) Other than housewife 3 (633.3) 8 (653.3) 6 (642.9) 1 (650.0) 18 (645.0) Occupation Housewife 6 (666.7) 7 (646.7) 8 (657.2) 1 (650.0) 22 (655.0) Body Mass Index* 22.2 1.5 22.0 1.4 22.8 2.9 24.0 4.8 22.8 2.7 Drinking Smoking None 4 (636.4) 6 (646.2) 9 (664.3) 2 (100.0) 21 (652.5) Light 7 (666.7) 7 (653.9) 5 (635.7) 0 (660.0) 19 (647.5) Yes 0 (660.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (610.0) 0 (660.0) 1 (662.5) No 9 (100.0) 17 (100.0) 11 (690.0) 2 (100.0) 39 (697.5) Yes 7 (663.6) 10 (658.8) 5 (650.0) 1 (650.0) 23 (657.5) Regular exercise No 4 (636.4) 7 (641.2) 5 (650.0) 1 (650.0) 17 (642.5) 1) Artificial: artificial menopause, Values are frequencies (%) and *Mean SD Total Table 3. Characteristics of daily meals described by subjects Major description of daily meals N (%) The contents of meals are usually deficient 11 (642.5) Having meals at home is less preferred 8 (620.0) My occupational condition affects the type and G content of my meals 8 (620.0) I usually eat alone 7 (617.5) I usually enjoy well-prepared meals 6 (615.0) Total 40 (100.0) p #sk #q#} p p#9 +4813(,m 1# p e l# #l # np# # v #nk #k m# 1# e np# e 0# # # p# #~ #p l # # # r # 111111 0# # # lk# # #er #vv 11
Á½ Á xá243 p# # p 111111# 0#k # # # #re/#r #r# q# #r # p # # # # #p #k n1# #k l# # p# #re/# #r # 111111# vl #e # p# v#kp# 0# q# 11# #e #t #vl #k # p 111111 0#vl # v# p#e p#k#j 1# vll#p #e ˆm# np#m p# p# 0#k l#ˆ #e # p# # # #p# # p lkv111111 0#p #n p#~w# p# p# lk# # p# k p 111111 e # q# # 0# q# p # p# # # 111111 0# q# p # d# p # l# q111111#r # v v111111 0# # #nn # q # d# l# 111 e # p #sk #q#} p# 0# # # # #k 1# p# # # 1 0#e # # #skn1 0#e # p # 11111 ¼j # lq p# v #p #e l# #tn#e p# /#56 +8:18(,p#l p# p#vˆ #o # q# p# # p#e p #l mp /# p# k p #e p# m 1# /# s # #e # p#t n +5518(,/#vlp#plk#e # #r rp # #p +5313(, #l m +Wdeoh#7,1# e l# #e p# vrp #nk # p # k 1# e # p# p # # p # ~ # #lp 0#rp#tn # #e v 0#n # q#tn # p#e pt 0# p# # lk# 11# p# kp 111111 0# se #e # #tn t# 11# se p#l v # s 111111 Table 4. Beliefs about daily meals Major beliefs about daily meals N (%) Daily meals are the basis of being healthy 23 (657.5) It is very important to have meals with family 9 (622.5) It is easier to have meals at regular times due to working 8 (620.0) Total 40 (100.0) 0# # #pep 111# se # p# # kn 0#t p#r # sp# p# # se p p # # p #kj # # #rp# p#s#q le p# #vl # # #p # # #s# p# k# n1# 0# kp#pl #e # p # #e #sr # 111111 0# #kž # d# p #no # # p # #e # p#vˆ # 111111# # s # #e # p#tn # 0# l # s #p #m # # # # #v np # 111111# 0#vv#p #m # p # t #r # # # # # # 111111# 0#r # q# ev# e /# # # k 111111 0# p# l # v# s # # # l r #k # #l 111111 vq#p #e p# # 0#n # # #p k# # # lk# v111111 0#p #n p#~w# p# p# lk# # p# k p 111111 0#n # #šp #pp# v#k#šp # # #k 111111 Õv h n Õv h # lq p# se # p l# #r # # s# #t p p# ol#p #5< +:518(,/#WY #p p # # n #: +4:18(,/ r p# o #5 +813(,/#dd # # n#5 +813(,p # ˆ +Wdeoh#8,1 s# #t p p# o 0#t l # p# p # #s # 111111
244Áˆ»Ás» t w 0# nl#p # # # tn1# # p # p l 111111 0#m #6 #l #u #l #83 p # l # 111111# 0# l # p#s # 111111# 0# # p#s # # p#k # lv 111111# dƒp #p # 0#WY # dƒl #kžvp #p # 111111+s #, 0#n #Š rp #p l# #r # p# lm 111111 0#}# #WYl #vrrp # # # pp# t1 r # o 0#p # # #pp # # p#k #p o k #p #eˆ# 111111# dd # 0# r k# rp # # #k# # # #k# #el # v# 111111# pn 0# # #k #p # 1# # s 111# # ˆ r # j# # v#m p#pp #p # # #nvp# # p #o # # # # ln1# 0# # # p# n #s #q# n11111# 0# p# # lk # # k 111111# 0# # p # v #q# # #qe p #t # # ln1 pn v#k 0#r # se p# p#k# # p 111111# 0#e #nl # #e #j # #lln1#mke #p # #kv#k# l ln1 0#pr # #ep # # s # l# #n # #v # #p #k # # e # v # p #sv # p#l #pd B# #405 # p# p#l #pd B#k # #t #53 o/#63 o tk# # q# v #n l# l # l 1 Õv h s #er# qp# se #pneˆ #Wdeoh#9l /#4 v#s #p p# # n #46 +6513(,/ v#k # q #5: +9:18(,p /# # se p # /# ˆ r/# dr/#m 6# p# #pl 1 se #pn # v#k # qp#pom#p n #r l# #k #p #r # # p # 1# Table 5. Major sources of purchase motivation for food supplements Sources of purchase motivation for food supplement N (%) Suggestion from family and acquaintances 29 (672.5) Purchase through TV and internet advertisements 7 (617.5) Suggestion from health experts such as physician and dietician 2 (665.0) Purchase by own will 2 (665.0) Total 40 (100.0) # se #s 0# #k d # # # # #k d # p # #e# 1# 0# # p# #l~# l # # #k#sp #el # #k# 111111# 0#nv# #p # # ˆ # #pln1 0#63 # dr #p # # ltk#s #r #m kr # # k d # # # #q# # v n1# 0# d #m 6/# 11# v#e p# # p# p# #pd 1 Õv h n # lq p#pv #p # se p# # # /# e p# sl p# #p # p# q kp +7518(,# #n# rerp #kr #r +5313(,/ Table 6. Current status of food supplement use Food supplements use N (%) Whether use at least one kind of food supplements currently Kinds of food supplements that are frequently used Yes 13 (32.5) No 27 (67.5) Red ginseng, vitamin pills, calcium pills, omega-3pills, etc.
Á½ Á xá245 # # # +4:18(,/# k # +4313(,/ p# # mt # # v # #tn # #l l +Wdeoh#:,1# e # sr# 0# #nl# p # #m # t1# se p# # sl # #r 111111 0# # # # # # 111111# 0#l # l # # v #n # n111111 0# # # #s # # l # # # l # # kn1 0# l #skv # # # p 1# vv#kp #p # #ov # v111111 rer#kr 0# # p #p p#rerp #krp# # mn1 k1#p # p# # l#p #mkp # s v#kp# p # p# k #kr p#t 111111 0# #p v # /# rp /# pp/# s # ln1 # # 0# p# # # # kn 0# p# #pr 1# # # #v #ˆ # p # v 111111# k #v 0#kŽvp#s# k #q 111111# 0#kŽ #krp#t v#qp#q#m 111111 Õv h j q p# se p# #p l# #e p# # /# e l # s #mk# p#p # q# p l p +4;,# #nl# vvp#o #; /# v m p#o #8 /# vlp#pl#pp#q #o #7 # p tn #e pl +Wdeoh#;,1 mk# 0#mkp# #o # 11# #6 # p# p #mk np # l 0#vl # #pep# # e # p #s v111111# Table 7. Reasons for food supplements use Effect of food supplements N (%) Meal substitutes 17 (542.5) Mental comfort 8 (520.0) Fatigue relief 7 (517.5) Elevation of blood circulation (or Better blood circulation) 4 (510.0) Sound sleep 3 (557.5) Others (anti-aging) 1 (552.5) Total 40 (100.0) Table 8. Beliefs about food supplements use Beliefs about food supplements N (%) Nutrient supplementation 18 (545.0) Health improvement 8 (520.0) Meal substitutes 5 (512.5) Disease prevention 5 (512.5) Better health condition at workplace 4 (510.0) Total 40 (100.0) 0# /#e #r #ƒ #k# t1# /# ˆ p v# # p# p#s # 111111# 0#k1#s # # s # p# ltk 1 0#e l# # # #mk# t 111111 vv 0#v # q# #l #k #p # p#k # l 11# vvp#o #r# p# nl # p# ln1 0# # # #j# l#s 1# # p # # #m 111111 0# # l# v#qt# p#sv#kk # e#s np# #el 111111 e n 0# # # p#k# # # #k#r /# #ƒdr # l# p # np # 111111 0# p#k# # l#psp# p# n1# p# l 405# #q#k# ln1# p#sk v#kkn1 0# # # # #p # #s #p # n1# v m 0#kp #s # #k #pr# 111# /#m # ol 111111 0# # # p # lp#ˆo # v #el # 111111#
246Áˆ»Ás» t w vql p# vv 0#k # #pp# k# # e p# # ltlk# # t1#e p #šl# ~ n1# Õv k ² q p# l#m p# # # #np p# # # rr# p v +46,/# n +<,/ rp# d +:,/# vq +9,/# +5,/# n +5,/# +4,p# q#tn #npp #p m 1#p p# p#o # rrp # }rp# p vp# v #n p# rp # # p# rp # m /# #nl# rp# d /# /# n/ #qe p# ovl#m p# # m +Wdeoh#<,1# rp# d 0#v # # rp# p# # # q#tn t1 0# rp# p# kp # v111111 0# e # # # l # sp# # # # n1 # # 0# # # # p#sn # # k111111 0# n#pl# r # # p 1#k/# # /#p r#v #pr# # # /# # #rer# p#} #o~rp #} # k 111111 0# # # #433 ln1# # # #v p#š # # # # kk# #pp# 111111 rrp# p v+r, 0# # p vp# q#tn 111111 0# rrp #v # # # l#sv111111 0#r #tn # # rrp# pvn1 0# # p# # #s #v # p# p # p# # #k v#k # k p# # p 111111# n 0# p# v # # # # #n p# v111111 0#e # #n p# k # p# # ln1 Table 9. Other factors except for meals that affect daily health condition Factors N (%) Positive mental attitude 13 (532.5) Exercise 9 (522.5) Lifestyle regularity 7 (517.5) Diligence in daily life 6 (515.0) Shopping and sauna 3 (557.5) Social relationship (friends) 2 (555.0) Total 40 (100.0) /# n 0#e #s #nn v # # p # # # # #p # 0# # # # nˆ # # # w # # p # # # #lv# # # r# +, 0# 1# # # #v # # 1# # #v # p#s# Õv j Õv h ¼j q p#l # l#m p# #e # se p# #nk #Wdeoh#43 # 1# e #t # # se p# sp# p #p p#v rplp +4:,/# #n/# kvp# se p n#lp +;,/# se p#e #mr # ~ v # +:,/# e #t # # se p#p mk # p# ~ +8,# # se p# n +6,p ˆ 1# Table 10. Beliefs about the associations between daily meals and food supplements consumption in view of health improvement Beliefs about daily meals and food supplements N (%) Proper nutrition through daily meals is essential for good health, while food supplement are used merely to supplement the diet 17 (542.5) I don't need food supplements yet (because I am not too old or having health problems) 8 (520.0) Food supplements cannot completely replace meals 7 (517.5) Food supplements may substitute for some nutrients 5 (512.5) I need food supplements 3 (557.5) Total 40 (100.0)
Á½ Á xá247 e #t # # se p# sp# p# 0#p #e # # p#tn # # pl# s e p# lk# 1 0# # # # e p# p # p# l #r # sd # rn1 0#pr #e # # l# n # #tv # s # # # # mn1 0#r # # # q#tn #k #n # se p m # l # p # lp # ltk# # 111111# kvp# se p# n#l # # 0#r #kv v# se #s # l #rp#lln1 0# # s#e # # # p # 11# # #e p#k#j n1# # se # # l # p#l # # kn1# 0#mke #p # #kv#k# l# ln1 0# #ep# # # # # p # #mkpv# # #lln1 0# se p # # #l 111111 0#r # # # l p #s # p#k# ln111111 0# k2 #kp# # p#pp # se # # p#l 1# p# # #r# #sp # # # l #ep# p#l 111111 # se p#e #mr # ~ v# # 0#e # e # # l # #}otk# v#k 111111 0# p # #} # p# # p# p# # l # # #} n # # t # # # # # n1 0#vl # #pep# # e #mkp# # #o # 11111 e #t # # se p# rmk p# ~ 0#m p# p# p#k# # # #r 11# #s # # s # # n1# # ˆ # p# # ltk# # # kn1 0# # v#r 111#m 6#p # # 111111 0# # #q#} # d# p# p#q# #k# # # # r # lk# # n11# se p# n # # 0#k$#p # rp 1# p#} p1#p p#p p111# # # n1# # p# n #} # n1# # se p# lk# # # v111111 0# # lk # p# #k #k# # # # p# v#el# # n1 0# # # p# n #s #q# n1# # # # #s #p# # n1# 고찰 #l l # Ë #l p# vvp# rp # ˆl# q#m p#t #e # eˆ# #e /# # se p#pneˆ# # ˆ# # #npp# #o # ƒd # p# m 1# ƒd# # p# # v #q #Frodl}}l+Mhrqj#5343, #re r# l# l# m 1# p #ˆ #tl#p # p# vp# # p /# p# r p#p # p# p#vrrp # l#p #p l# lp # /# /#e p#l qp#pql e rp #p # p 1# # #l l # r#r p# #t #l p#qep#e #l # /# se p# #po # p f#p l p# vvl#pl#e m# se p#l #p #kk q# m 1# l q p#e l# #e p# # /# p ov #o # se l#ps #p rp e # #tn # se p# sp# #e #mr # ~ # #l #e p#tn # ˆ 1# #l p#p e p# vp # e np# e +7518(,/# q #e +4:18(, #vr m /#p # s # # s sm# p #p l# ˆ p # p 1#p e l# #l l # s # #e pv/# v #o /# v #o /# vl#o # # t p# p#np p#e l#m p# # p # m 1#v # q# # #e # n # ~ # rp#e # # p# m 1# #vlp#p # q #e l# # ep# np #pl /#vq m# #e # #en #s /#e #n# ep# #qt# m 1#p # #l +Fkrl#533:>#Edhn# #533;,l #vlp#e p#vl#m p#t # # m#o # p # 1# #l l # Ë #l p# vv #v m p#o # l #p e # # #q #mk
248Áˆ»Ás» t w p# m#m #ed p# p#tn # p#e # # q#tn #e p # p /#p # #Ohh# +4<<9,p#l l # p l 1#e l# #e p#m # # l#rl # # kp# # n#e #e # # #plp /# rp # vp p # nl#no# #or # m# /# p# #o # p# p# # p # ˆ #e # p#vˆ q #e p# # #pl 1#p #Kduulvrq# +5337,p l #e #v p#pl # p /# #o #n #p # p#o p# #o # ˆ /# vp / # # # p# r # # r # m / rm# p# #v p#p # # p# # # r # # p# k # /#pl# l# q p#e l# #e p# # p # ˆ 1# Ë #l p# se # #eˆ #Žk #o l# se p# p /# po/#q #pv # # se l# # pp#e # p#s m 1# Sdn}dug# +533:,p#l l #r # # #e sr#pn# l # # k /# #l l # q # sp #vpp# # se p# p #plp #r # o # pp#pv # p # n #r~p#43(l# m 1#p # se p#p krm# #tn # vp #l v /#p #l p# # p l# # e p#pnp# # #p # 1# se # #r #le# sp # } # r rp#t pp# #l # p # ˆ # l +Sdun# 5333># \rr# # 5335># \rr# )# Nlp# 5336># Nlp #5343,m# d # pl 1# l# l #l p#k#í26p#s #erl # # v#p p# se p#pn #pl /#p # m ks +Plqlvwu # iru#khdowk/#zhoiduh# dqg# Idplo Diidluv# )# Nruhd# Fhqwhuv# iru# Glvhdvh# Frqwuro# dqg Suhyhqwlrq#533<,l # pp#k#53( # se #p n #p # p # ˆ # l# l# p# m 1# l #ee # mks p#q +Ndwk # #5337, l # se #pneˆ # # p#t#85( #v l#ep r # # #t#68( # Ž ˆ 2 Ž vp# #p m 1# #l p /# p p /# p# p /#e~# p# p /# # #r~tqp /# #qep# #n # #ep# r # Ž ˆ 2 Ž vp# # p # ˆ 1#Sdn}dug# +533:,p# #mˆ mtl t # #l #;33 l# # # # se p#pn# # #pql# # #s l # m /#r~p#97( # sr #pn # # p#pp 67( p# q#pn #p # m 1# #l p# Ë #l p# #v p#m #o # se l#ps # p# mks # # kp # # v l# # v#kp# p # p 1# se p# #po # vv# #ov/#v m # p# n # k# l +Ohh# #4<<9>#Mxq#) Ohh#5333>#\rr# #5335>#Nlp# #5338>#Nlp#)#Nlp 5339>#Nlp#5343,m#o m 1#\rr# +5335,p# n vl# p p# se # eˆ #l # l # l#m p#t #npp #ed +716;,/# e# # +716;,/# rp# +7166,/#d d# +7164, p se p#pv +519<, # q# k 1#Nlp+533;, #Nlp# +5343,p#l l#p # se # l m p# #oprp# # nq #q p# s e # # # rp#o pplp /#t #l p# se # # rp# rr# tp# p# /#qe p# l# # e # p# /# sp# se p# # # k 1#Lqjolv# +5338, #l p# rr# ˆl# #l p#e l# p # ˆ # # vp#re m #p # p#e l# # l # / s# #vq#p# p #p #e p# s/# # o # n# #l #npp#pe # tp# # p # m 1# #l l # nq #q # #t # s p o # #r pp f# se p# # p# mp # rp# r# rl# # v# #l #pl #o # p# # #pl 1# Pxowlhwkqlf#Frkruw#Vwxg +Mdqhw# #5335,p#l l # r #ps l # # ep# v #p p# se p# # p# k # p/# o/#o~r# /# p# # #ep o# m#r # # p /# l /#epv p# # kv # p# m 1# XN# Zrphq v# Frkruw# Vwxg +XNZFV,p# se #pnl#l +Vdud# #4<<;,l # se p#pn # p# # # p #mk# #rr mv /#mk# p# # r #pn # n #l #p p# k 1#p # #l l # ˆ # ovl#pl #e #rp#tn # q #e #r # #p #ep# r # sp#p p# p #l #o # # lt #p 1# Nqxgvhq# +5334,p# # #l l # se pnp# l# l #v p#p # p # p#l
Á½ Á xá249 l # p# pp# m 1#qep# p#k#s #l p# Ž ˆ r2 Ž v#rq # n # se # # p#pl 1# # q# p # r # # Ž ˆ r2 Ž vr+7;(,m /# # pp# pp# ˆ #F#r +43(,pl +Nqxgvhq #5334,1# #l l # q# #tn# se p # /# ˆ r/#m 6/# dr# p# # /#n p l +Nqxgvhq# #5334>#Kduulvrq# #5337>#Ndwk # 5337,l # q# p# #p # se p # Ž ˆ r2 Ž vrm 1# #Sdn}dug# +533:,p l l #Hfklqdfhd/# p /# /# +fdprploh, p# p # ˆ # k # kp#t #l l#pl# se p#s l # p #p # p#k# #pl 1# #l p# q # se p# n #po #e p# #rer#kr p#tn #l l # n l l # # p /#e~ p# p# /# o tp# p /#mk #q #pp # r # # # p # ˆ +Vdud# #4<<;>#Mdqhw #5335>#Ndwk # #5337,# p #pl 1# #Sdn}dug +533:,p#l l # #v p#m m#v #m p q#tn #po # ˆ p #~v v #63 nj2p 5 #p p # # p# sr # n # p # m 1# l l # p# # rp#l mp # q p#~o # r v# l# r#n /#~v v m se #pn p# p# # #ll 1 #Jhoohu#)#Vwxghh+5338,# #Wlhudrqd#+5338, # #v m #o #ep rp# n # l# #73l l# ~#l # p# l# # l #d p#k s#m m#vr #lvriodyrqhp# r# #rn #ep r # #v m l# v# #l # vl 1# #p +Jhoohu#)#Vwxghh 5338,p# r # p#lvriodyrq# # l# #l p# n # #n p# k l#l # # pr # l# # p#l /# n +483 pj2gd, p#q # n #kr # r #r m 1#p# p# p# # #l # q p#vr m p# se p# #v p#m # #e #tn /# r#mk # # sr #rer#kr # p#m # l # rrp# # #e p#l #r # rp# p #l v 1# # p# q p#r p# lvv# # # #v m m # vl# k # p # 1#v/# # m# # #o #p rp#e l# # # tp# l k# # se p# r#mk p# #r # # q p#e #ol #l #ep r# Jhoohu#)#Vwxghh+5338,# #Wlhudrqd+5338,p# l l #rk # p# p# l #p # #pp# p 1# # q p#vr # ˆ# l#m p# #npp # p v/#n /# r# # p#tn # p # ˆ 1#~tvll #p # d #s p#l p#l Nlp# +5338,p# l # p#o # q#tn # p#n +6916(,/#e sr+6415(,/# pp# # v # +471<(,/# e+<17(,/# n +519(,/# se # +514(,/# k+415(,p# p # ˆ /# se # kp# # rp#tn p# k 1 Sdun+5333,p#l l #n /#e sr/#kr/# ep#t n # p # l /# nvl# p p# p #l #Ohh# +4<<9,p#l l # ov #o # #tl#ed /#n /#ˆ #~v# p # l 1 Fkrl#)#Ohh+4<<<,l#p #qep# p#ov #o #m #ed p# v # # p# p# p # m 1# #Nlp+5343,p#l l # # p#vl#m p#t #m np#t# pskp# q#o p #m npp # l#t l p#r Ëe r# ˆ # # p#vl#tn p# ltl 1# #l l rrp# p v/# #ne# /#v # # # p#l #plp #p p#re p#tn p p# lt # p #kp#l # d #k p# lt l 1# # q p#e p# # se p# sr#l p /#e # kp # rp#ed p# # p#pl # q#tn # # plp /#p #t l p#pek p#q# # # p# p# vvp o # s lk# # +Nlp#5343,p # # m#o m 1#op# l # # #l l # # p#ov # #e m#n /# rrp# p vp#t n # # l#tl 1# /#Lqjolv# +5338,p# l#sp#e p#pn l# #l #e p# np# rr# tl# ˆ # p # #o # ev#kp # l#sp#e p#pn # /#qep#o # #n # #p #r # p# o lk# #tq m 1# d# l p# p # #mktql +Pdqlrv #533<,l # d # ˆ #G # #or # m#m
250Áˆ»Ás» t w kƒ Ž+8 o,p# # p# p # np#or # # # l# #LJI0L# #SWK# tp#op # l # m 1#v/# #l p#o #mktq #ƒ Ž # p#mk op# lk# # # # # #p pp#p # # # #p 1 #l l# l #l p# se p# srl# #e p# n#tn # p# s m #kp # # p#v # #p p#l p# #v # p #r}rp#vop # #q # v #e p#mo # #p #l # v# o k #r}p# n p 1# # n #m # se p# #p lv# #p # # o #tn # p 1# #p p#l p #v # p # rp #p p# # # #tn #p #pp #p#e #l p # # se # l#m p# #r#n p p# m #ƒ Žp# #~ r#mk o# # p# n # p # 1# 요약및결론 #l l # ƒd# # p#pn l# Ë #l p#e l# #e # # se # #eˆ m#e /#e m# se p# l# l#l pv #p v #kk q# m 1# ƒd# # q # vll# t #78 93 #l p # ev l # vll # #55 #4; p# l m 1# np# p lp # # q p#v p#š #p #p # np# #tr p+wkhph#foxvwhu, l# mp #tn# # p # k 1# 4,#e l# #e p# p#vˆ #o # q# p# # p#e p # se p# sp# # p# k p #e p# m +8:18(,/# s # #e p#tn +5518(,/# vlp#pl#e # #r r p # # #p +5313(,# m 1# #qep#p p e np# e +7518(,# m 1# 5,# se # p#p l# # e l # s #mk +7813(,/# vv +5313(,/# e n +4518(,/# v m +4518(,/# l l# r +4313(, p#tn #e p # ˆ 1# 6,# l#m p# # ˆ#npp # rrp# p v +6518(, # rp#n +5518(,/# rp# +4:18(,/# vlp# v # +4813(,/# n# # +:18(,/# +813(,# p# l 1# 7,# l#m p#t #e # se p# l# # e #t # s#e p# sp# p #p p# kp +7518(,/# kvp# se p# n l # #+53(,/# se p#e #mr # ~ v # +4:18(,#pe mp /#e #t # # # se p# s # #p # r#mk p ~ +4518(, #p # p# ˆ 1# #l # k# # #l # Ë #l p#e eˆm# se l# #e p# ƒd# p# #kk #e m #rl #pp #p 1# q p#qep#e # rrp#pe #p lp /#e p#tn # se p# sl l# # r# #e p# m 1#l # # s # #e # #p # r# o m# p#r /# q e v#k # # /#l p p# rp # n # # l # #r}r# # n # p # p 1# #p # np# #l # v# # p# Ë #l p# p#v# l#p v# p # 1# #l # ƒd# # rp #r r#l p # p#p # v#r #l n# p# p 1# # Î #l #l p#t # # kl # lr # #l p# # #p #l p#o #e # o #m # se l# #mk o # # l# # np# # 1# k ADA reports (2001): Position of the American Dietetic Association: Food fortification and dietary supplements. J Am Diet Assoc 101(1): 115-125 Baek SS (1998): An analysis of the relationship of menopausal symptoms of midlife women between urban area and rural area. Korean J Women Health Nurs 4(3): 297-306 Baek YA, Kim KN, Lee YA, Chang NS (2008): The effect nutrition education on visceral fat reduction and diet quality in postmenopausal women. Korean J Nutr 41(7): 634-644 Choi HJ (2009): A study on detailed classification of health functional food market according to lifestyle of female seniors. MS thesis, Graduate School Daegu University, pp. 22-41 Choi HJ, Lee HK, Park HM (2003): The Korean menopausal women's attitudes and awareness on menopause: Results of Korean Gallup Epidemiologic Survey on Menopause and HRT. Korean J Women Menopause 9(1): 36-43 Choi HS, Lee JK (1999): A survey of people on awareness of health in urban area. Korean J Diet Culture 14(3): 203-209 Choi MS (2001): Effect of a program for relieving menopausal symptoms. Ph.D thesis, Graduate School of Korea University, pp. 8-16
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