~ ì¬íë³µì§ Journal of Rehabilitation Research, Vol.15, No. 1, 2011. 3, pp. 4769 ë°ì§ì 1 ( ì죌ëíêµê°ížëíêµì ) ìí¬ì ( 충ëšëíêµê°íží곌êµì ) ê¹ì°œí¬ 2 ( ìëëíêµê°íží곌ì ìê°ì¬ ) ë Œë¬žììœ ì°êµ¬ëª©ì : 볞ì°êµ¬ì목ì ìì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëë°ìíëìì°šìŽë¥Œë¹êµë¶ìíëê²ìŽë€. ì°êµ¬ë°©ë² : ë°ì§ìë± (2009) ìŽê°ë°í 43묞íìŒë¡êµ¬ì±ëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìž¡ì ë구ì€ë¬žì§ë¥ŒìŽì©íì¬ 1ê°ì°ì ì¬íŽì 묞ë³ììì ìííì 211 ëª ê³Œê°ìë³ìì귌묎íëê°ížì¬ 150ëª ìŒë¡ë¶í°ìë£ë¥Œìì§íìë€. ì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œ : ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžì (M =4.17) ìŽíììì구ë (M =3.78) 볎ë€íµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ëê²ëíë¬ë€. ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ììë³ë¡ì°šìŽë¥Œë¹êµíŽë³Žë©Žì 첎 ì¹ë£ (t =8.622, p =.000), ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (t =3.772, p =.000), êµì¡ ì 볎 (t =6.409, p =.000), ì¬í ì§ì (t =4.870, p =.000) 몚ë ììììê°ížì¬ìì€ìëíê· ì ìê°íììì구ëíê· ì ììë¹íŽíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ëìë€. ë°ë©Žíììì구ë (M =3.78) ëê°ížì¬ììíë (M =3.48) 볎ë€ëê²ëíë¬ë€. ìŽë¥Œììë³ë¡ë¹êµíŽë³Žë©Žì 첎 ì¹ë£ (t =1.207, p =.229) ììë§ê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì ìê°ëëê²ëíë¬ê³ , ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (t =2.438, p =.015), êµì¡ ì 볎 (t =3.474, p =.001), ì¬í ì§ì (t =7.764, p =.000) ììììëëì§ëšê°ìíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²íììì구ëíê· ì ìê°ëê²ëíë¬ë€. ê²°ë¡ : ê°ížì¬ëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ëŽì©ìëíŽíì볎ë€ì€ìíê²ìžìíê³ ììŒëì 첎 ì¹ë£ììììíëë§íììì구륌충족íê³ ìë€. ì¬ëŠ¬, êµì¡, ì¬íì ììììíë륌ëìŽêž°ìíì 묞ì ìžêµì¡ê³Œìžë ¥ë³Žì¶©, ìë£ë°ê°ížìì€í ì첎ê³ííëì ëµìŽíìíë€. 죌ì ìŽ : ì¬íê°íž, ìžì, ê°ížìë¹ì€, íìì구 1 죌ì ì 2 êµì ì ì
48 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž â . ìë¡ 1. ì°êµ¬ìíìì±ìµê·Œê²œì 묞íì ë°ë¬ê³Œëë¶ìŽì§ë³ìë§ì±í, ë žë ¹ìžêµ¬ììŠê°, ì°ì ì¬íŽë°ì§ì ë³íìììŠê°ë¡ì¬íê°ížìëììê°ìŠê°íê³ ìë€ ( ê¹êžììž, 2005: 102). ëííê· ìëª ìì°ì¥, ë³µì§ì¬íìëíì¬íì ì구ìíšê»ì§ë³, ìžìë°ê°ì¢ ì¬íŽë±ìŒë¡ì¥ì 륌ê°ì§íìë€ìì¬íì구ìì¬íìë¹ì€ìì€ìì±ìëíìžììŽìŠê°íë©Žìì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ì구륌ë¶ìíëì°êµ¬ê°ì£Œëª©ìë°ê³ ìëë°, ìŽëê°ížëìììì구륌íìžíê³ ìŽë€ì구륌ì€ì¬ìŒë¡ê°ížì¬ë¥Œêµì¡íšìŒë¡ìšê°ížìì§í¥ìììŽë£°ììêž°ë묞ìŽë€ (Chang, Chenoweth, & Hancock, 2003: 32). ì§ (quality) ìíŒìì ìŽê³ 죌êŽì ìžì©ìŽìŒìëìì§ë§íšìšì±ê³Œì ê³µìììì°ì±, ìë¹ì€ë¥Œì¶êµ¬íëìë¹ììê°ì¹ìêž°ëìž¡ë©Žììì€ìíìììŽêž°ë묞ììž¡ì íê³ ì¡°ì íŽìŒë§íë€ (Lee & Yom, 2007: 546). ì íµì ìŒë¡íêµìë³ìë€ììë¹ììžíì볎ë€ëìì¬, ê°ížì¬ìê°ìì ê³µìììíŽìíììê²ì ê³µí ì 볎ìíìì°žì¬ë¥Œê²°ì íìë€. ìµê·Œë€ìŽìë£êž°êŽìë¹ì€íê°ë¥Œíµííìì구ëë°ìë žë ¥ìŽìëëê³ ìì§ë§, íììê³µêžìê°ììë¡ë€ë¥žíì€ê³Œë²ì£Œë¥ŒìŽì©íìë¹ì€ì§íê°ê°ìŽë£šìŽì§ê³ ììŽìŽë¥Œìµëíë§ì¶°ê°ìŒí íìì±ìŽìë€ (Lee & Yom, 2007: 546). ê°ížìë¹ì€ìì§ìíê°íë목ì ìŽëìììì구륌íì íšìŒë¡ìšì§í¥ìë몚ììŽë¥Œê·Œê±°ë¡ëìììì구ìë¶í©íëìë¹ì€ë¥Œì ê³µí ììëë¡ê°ížì¬ë¥Œì€ë¹ìí€êž°ìíê²ììê³ ë €í ë, ê°ížì¬ê°ê°ì§ê³ ìëìë¹ì€ì ê³µìëíìžì곌ëìììì§ê°ìíšê»ë¹êµíëì°êµ¬ê°íìíë€ ( ìì§ì곌ê¹ììž, 2000: 260). 1990ë ëìŽë°ê¹ì§íìì구ìêŽíì°êµ¬ë¥ŒìŽíŽë³Žë©Ž, íìëê·žë€ìì 첎ì ê°ížìëêŽì¬ìê°ëë°ë©Žê°ížì¬ëíììì¬ëŠ¬ì ì구륌ë§ì¡±ìí€ëë°ëë§ìêŽì¬ìê°ì§ê³ ìëê²ìŒë¡ëíë¬ë€ (von Essen & Sjoden, 1991). íìëìë£ì§ìŽíìžíê²ìë¹íŽëë§ì충족ëì§ìììêµ¬ë¥Œë³Žê³ íë겜í¥ìŽìê³ (Kersten et al, 2000), ê°ížì¬ëìŒë°ì ìŒë¡íììê°ížë¬žì 륌곌ëíê°íë©°, í¹íì 첎ì 묞ì 볎ë€ì ìì 묞ì 륌ì¢ë곌ëíê°íë겜í¥ìŽìë€ (Löfmark, et al. 1999). ë°ë©Žëªëªì°êµ¬ê²°ê³ŒëìŽìë°ëëëê²°ê³Œë¥Œë³Žê³ íìëë°, ê°ížì¬ëíìê°ê°ì¹ë¥Œëê³ ìëì¢ìê°ížìë¹ì€ìž¡ë©ŽììŒêŽëê²ê³Œìíê°íë€ëê²ìŽë€ (Lynn & McMillen, 1999). 1990ë ëì€ë°ìŽíê°ížìë¹ì€ìì§íê°ìëíìë¹ììì§ê°ê³Œë§ì¡±ìêŽíë§ìì°êµ¬
49 ê°ìíëê³ ììŒëëë¶ë¶ìë¹ì€ìëíìë¹ììì§ê°ë§ììž¡ì íê±°ëìë¹ì€ì ê³µììžê°ížì¬ìì§ê°ë§ììž¡ì í ë¿íììê°ížì¬ìêž°ëë°ì§ê°ìì€, ë§ì¡±ë륌ë¹êµíì°êµ¬ëë§ì§ììë€ ( ê¹ì í¬ ìŽìžì, 2004; Lee & Yom, 2007). íììê°ížì¬ìêž°ë, ì§ê°ë°ë§ì¡±ë륌ë¹êµíì°êµ¬ë€ììŽíŽë³Žë©Žíìì±ê³Œë°ë§ì¡±ëìì€ìì±ìëíŽê°ížì¬ìíìììžìì°šìŽê°ì ììë¡íììë§ì¡±ëëìŠê°íšìììììë€ (Kovner, 1989). ê·žë¬ëê°ížìì€ìì±ìëííììê°ížì¬ìì§ê°ìë¹êµíëë¶ë¶ìì°êµ¬ììê°ížì구ìëíŽìë¹ììžíìììë¹ì€ì ê³µììžê°ížì¬ê°ìëê°ížìë¹ì€êž°ëë°ì§ê°ìì€ìì°šìŽê°ììë€ (Chang, Chenoweth, & Hancock, 2003: 34). ë žìžìì 첎ê°ížìêŽë šëê°ížíìììì¬ìì²ë°©ììííëíì, ìì¬ìíµê³ŒêŽë šëì¬ëŠ¬ì íììëíŽìëê°ížì¬ìì견ìê°ìŽíê±°ëëëìì구ë륌볎ìê³ , íŽìê³íììëê°ížì¬ë³Žë€ëëìì구ë륌볎ìë€ (Johnson, 1987; Hudson & Sexton, 1996). ìììì íììê°ížì¬ìíŽìê°ížêµì¡ì구ë ( ê¹ìì, 2008), ìíììê°ížì¬ìê°ížì구ë (Yang, 1997), ìêžì€íììê°ížì¬ê°ìžì§íëê°ížì구ë ( ìŽì¹í¬, 2008) ë±ìì°êµ¬ììëíììê°ížì¬ëê°ížë¬žì ìì¡Žì¬ìëíŽìë¡ë€ë¥žì견ìê°ì§ê³ ììê³ , íìë°ê°ížì¬ëªšëìë¹ì€ìëíêž°ëìì€ë§íŒê°ížìë¹ì€ê°ì ê³µëì§ëª»íê²ìŒë¡ì§ê°íìë€ ( ê¹ì í¬ ìŽìžì, 2004). ìŽìê°ìíììê°ížì¬ììë¹ì€ì§ê°ì°šìŽëíìë§ì¡±ìëšìŽëšëŠ¬ê³ ì¹ë£ì²ë°©ììŽíìë°©íŽí ìììŒë¯ë¡íììê°ížì¬ëªšëìì§ê°ìì€ìë¹êµíëê²ìŽë§€ì°ì€ìíë€ (Chang, Chenoweth, & Hancock, 2003). í¹íê°ì¢ ì¬íŽììë£ë°ê³Œíêž°ì ìë°ë¬ë¡ëë ìŽëìììê°ìŠê°íê³ ìëì¬ííììê°ížì¬ê°ìê°ížì구ë°ì€ìë, ê°ížìíìêŽíìžìì°šìŽë¥Œë¹êµíì°êµ¬ëì íì°Ÿì볌ìììë€. ìŽì볞ì°êµ¬ììëì¬ííììì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ì구ëìê°ížì¬ê°ì§ê°íëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìì€ìëìžìì ëë°ìíë륌íì íê³ ëì§ëšìì§ê°ì°šìŽë¥Œë¹êµë¶ìíŽëŽìŒë¡ìší¥ííìì€ì¬ìì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ì ê³µì ëµìì늜íëë°êž°ìŽìë£ë¥Œì ê³µíê³ ìíë€. 2. ì°êµ¬ëª©ì 볞ì°êµ¬ì목ì ìì°ì ì¬íŽíì륌ëììŒë¡ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëë°ìíëììŒêŽì±ìë¹êµíêž°ìíê²ìŒë¡êµ¬ì²Žì ìžëª©ì ìë€ì곌ê°ë€. 1) ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ë륌ë¹êµíë€. 2) ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíë륌ë¹êµíë€.
50 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž â ¡. ì°êµ¬ë°©ë² 1. ì°êµ¬ì€ê³ 볞ì°êµ¬ëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëììíë륌ë¹êµíêž°ìíìì ì ë¹êµì¡°ì¬ì°êµ¬ìŽë€. 2. ì°êµ¬ëììì°êµ¬ëìì 2008ë 10ìë¶í° 11ìê¹ì§ C ì°ì¬ë³ììì ìíì°ì ì¬íŽíìë¡ë³žì°êµ¬ì목ì 곌ì€ë¬žì¡°ì¬ë°©ë²ìëíì€ëª ìë£ê³ ì°êµ¬ì°žì¬ìëìííì 211ëª ê³Œê°ìë³ìì귌묎íëê°ížì¬ 150ëª ììµì¢ ë¶ìëììŒë¡íìë€. G power(3.1 ver) 륌ìŽì©íì¬í볞ììíë¹ì±ìê²ì íìë€. ë 늜ëë귞룹ìíê· ìë¹êµíë ttest륌 effect size 0.5, ì ììì€ 0.05, ê²ì ë ¥ (power) 0.95ë¡ììž¡ê²ì íê³ ìíìëíìíí볞ìëíê·žë£¹ë¹ 105, ìŽ 210 ìŽììŽìŽìŒíë¯ë¡ë³žì°êµ¬ìëìììëì ì íìë€. 3. ì°êµ¬ë구ì°êµ¬ë구ëë°ì§ìë± (2009) ìŽë¬žíê³ ì°°ìíµíŽì°ì ì¥ì¬íëìììê²íìíìë¹ì€ë¬žíììì±íííì°êµ¬ììë¶ë¥íì¬íê°ížì구ìììì°žê³ íì¬ê°ë°íì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìž¡ì ë구 (the Rehabilitation Nursing Service Inventory [RNSI] 43item) 륌ì¬ì©íìë€. 볞ë구ëì 첎 ì¹ë£ì ìì 16묞í, ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ìì 5묞í, êµì¡ ì 볎ì ìì 13묞íë°ì¬í ì§ì ì ìì 9묞íë± 4ê°ìì, 43묞íìŒë¡êµ¬ì±ëìê³ , ëìŒí묞íìíìììëì구ì ë륌, ê°ížì¬ììëì€ìëììíë륌 5ì Likert ì²ëë¡ìž¡ì íì¬ì ìê°ëììë¡íŽë¹í목ìëíì구ëìì€ìë, ìíëê°ëììì믞íëë¡ì ì륌배ì íìë€. ê°ë°ë¹ìë구ìì 뢰ëëìë¹ì€ììë³ë¡ Cronbach's alphaê°ìŽ.835~.944ììŒë©°, 볞ì°êµ¬ììë구ìì 뢰ëëíìì구ëì Chronbach's alphaê°ìŽ.964, ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëë.965, ê°ížì¬ììíëë.958ìŽìë€. 4. ìë£ìì§ë°©ë² ìë£ìì§êž°ê°ì 2008 ë 10 ì 15 ìŒë¶í° 11 ì 15 ìŒê¹ì§ìŽë©°, ìë£ìì§ì ìêž°êŽì¥ê³Œê°íž
51 ë¶ìì¥ìê²ì°êµ¬ì목ì ìì€ëª íê³ í조륌구íìë€. íììê°ížì¬ë¥ŒëììŒë¡ì°êµ¬ìê°ì°êµ¬ëª©ì 곌ìê°ë³Žê³ ìì€ë¬žì§ìì±ë°©ë²ìì€ëª íììŒë©°ì°êµ¬ì°žì¬ìëìííììê²ìë©Žëì륌ë°ìê³ , ëììì€ì€ì€ë¡ìì±íêž°ìŽë €ìŽíìëì°êµ¬ìê°ì§ë¬žììœìŽì£Œê³ íìììëµìêž°ì íëë°©ììŒë¡ìì±íìë€. 5. ìë£ë¶ìë°©ë²ìì§ëìë£ë SPSS/WIN 17.0ìì¬ì©íì¬ë¶ìíìë€. ëììììŒë°ì í¹ì±ìë¹ëìë°±ë¶ìšì구íìë€. íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëë°ìíì ëëíê· ê³Œíì€ížì°š, ì°šìŽê°ìì°ì¶íìê³ , íììê°ížì¬ê·žë£¹ê°ë¹êµë ttest륌ìŽì©íì¬ë¶ìíìë€. â ¢. ì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œ 1. ëììììŒë°ì í¹ì±ì°êµ¬ëììì€ììíììíê· ì°ë ¹ì 52.11ìžìŽë©° 50ëê° 77ëª (36.5%) ìŒë¡ê°ì¥ë§ìê³ , ë€ììŒë¡ 40ëê° 56ëª (26.5%), 60ëìŽììŽ 51ëª (24.2%), 30ëê° 20ëª (9.5%) ììŽììŒë©° 20ëëììê° 5ëª (2.4%) ìŒë¡ê°ì¥ì ìë€. ì°êµ¬ëììì€ 198ëª (93.8%) ìŽëšì±ìŽê³ , 149ëª (70.6%) ìŽêž°íŒììŽìë€. íììêµì¡ìì€ìê³ ì¡žìŽ 118ëª (55.9%) ìŒë¡ê°ì¥ë§ìê³ , ë€ììŒë¡ì€ì¡žìŽíê° 40ëª (19.0%), ì 묞íì¬ìŽììŽ 38ëª (18.0%) ìŽìë€. íììì§ì ìì 묞, êŽëŠ¬ì§ 61ëª (28.9%) 곌ìì°ì§ 57ëª (27.0%) ììŒë¡ë§ìê³ , 1998ë ë°íë Shah, Vanclay & Cooperìíêžíìì ë°í ì§ììž KMBI( ì í¬ììž, 2007) ë¡ë³žíììíëìì ìì¡ŽìŽ 116ëª (55.0%), ì¬íìì¡ŽìŽ 41ëª (19.4%), ì€ë±ëìì¡ŽìŽ 25ëª (11.8%) ìì°šì§íìë€ < í 1>. ê°ížì¬ìíê· ì°ë ¹ì 33.76ìžìŽë©° 20ëê° 67ëª (44.7%), 30ëê° 51ëª (34.0%), 40ëê° 30ëª (20.0%) ììŽìë€. ì¬ì±ê°ížì¬ê° 141ëª (94.0%) ìŒë¡ëë¶ë¶ìì°šì§íìê³ , 믞íŒìŽ 77ëª (51.3%), êž°íŒìê° 73ëª (48.7%) ìŒë¡ë¹ì·íë¶í¬ë¥ŒìŽë£šìë€. ê°ížì¬ìíë ¥ìíì¬ 103ëª (68.7%), ì 묞íì¬ 43ëª (28.7%), ìì¬ 4ëª (2.7%) ììŽìë€. 귌묎ë¶ìëìŒë°ë³ëìŽ 95ëª (64.6%) ìŒë¡ê°ì¥ë§ìê³ , 귌묎ë ìë 5ë ìŽíê° 48ëª (32.2%), 16~20ë ìŽ 33ëª (22.1%), 6~10ë ìŽ 32ëª (21.7%), 11~15ë 곌 25ë ìŽììŽê°ê° 18ëª (12.1%) ììŽìë€ < í 1>.
52 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž < í 1> íììê°ížì¬ììŒë°ì í¹ì± í¹ì± ì°ë ¹ ì±ë³ ê²°íŒìí êµì ìì€ ê·Œë¬Žë¶ì ê·Œë¬Žê²œë ¥ ( ë ) ì§ì íêžíìì ë°í ì§ìì ì êµ¬ë¶ 21~30 31~40 41~50 51~60 61 M±S.D range ëšì¬ 믞íŒêž°íŒêž°í ì€ì¡žê³ ì¡ž 3 ë ì ëì¡ž 4 ë ì ëì¡žìì¬ ë³ëì€íìì€ìžëêž°í 5 6~10 11~15 16~20 25< M±S.D ìì°ì§ìì ì§ì¬ë¬Žì§ì 묞ì§êž°í ìì ìì¡Ž (KMBI ** 0~24) ì¬íìì¡Ž (KMBI 25~49) ë³Žíµ (KMBI 50~74) 겜íìì¡Ž (KMBI 75~90) ìµììì¡Ž (KMBI 91~99) íì (n =211) ê°ížì¬ (n =150) n (%) * n (%) * 5( 2.4) 20( 9.5) 56(26.5) 77(36.5) 51(24.2) 52.11±10.275 23 81 198(93.8) 13( 6.2) 33(15.6) 149(70.6) 18( 8.5) 40(19.0) 118(55.9) 38(18.0) 0( 0.0) 0( 0.0) 57(27.0) 4( 2.0) 17( 8.1) 61(28.9) 57(27.0) 116(55.0) 41(19.4) 25(11.8) 12( 5.7) 11( 5.2) 67(44.7) 51(34.0) 30(20.0) 2( 1.3) 0( 0.0) 33.76±7.725 21~56 9( 6.0) 141(94.0) 77(51.3) 73(48.7) 0( 0.0) 0( 0.0) 0( 0.0) 103(68.7) 43(28.7) 4( 2.7) 95(64.6) 8( 5.4) 15(10.2) 29(19.7) 48(32.2) 32(21.7) 18(12.1) 33(22.1) 18(12.1) 11.23±7.851 * 묎ìëµì ìž ** KMBI: KoreanModified Barthel Index
53 2. íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëë¹êµì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìŽíì (3.78) 곌ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìŽíì (4.17) ìë¹êµíìëíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëì ìê°ëìë€ (t =5.872, p =.000)< í 2>. ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ë¥Œ 4ê°ìììŒë¡êµ¬ë¶íì¬íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ë륌ìŽíŽë³žê²°ê³Œ, íììì구ëê°ëììììì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (3.98), êµì¡ ì 볎 (3.80), ì 첎 ì¹ë£ (3.72), ì¬í ì§ì (3.58) ììŽìê³ , ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëê°ëììììì 첎 ì¹ë£ (4.29), ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (4.23), êµì¡ ì 볎 (4.21), ì¬í ì§ì (3.99) ììŽìë€. ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëìíê· ì ì륌ë¹êµí결곌ì 첎 ì¹ë£ (t =8.622, p =.000), ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (t =3.772, p =.000), êµì¡ ì 볎 (t =6.409, p =.000), ì¬í ì§ì (t =4.870, p =.000) ìì몚ëììê°ížì¬ìì€ìëíê· ì ìê°íììì구ëíê· ì ììë¹íŽíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ëê²ëíë¬ë€ < í 2>. 묞íë³ë¡íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëìì°šìŽë¥ŒìŽíŽë³Žë©ŽëšŒì ì 첎 ì¹ë£ììììê°ížì¬ë 16ê°ë¬ží몚ëìì 4.06 4.51ì ìëìì€ìëìžìì ë륌볎ììŒëíììì구ëë 2.98 4.23ì ìë¶í¬ë¥Œë³ŽìŽë©°ê°ížì¬ìì€ìë볎ë€ì ìíê²ë®ìì구ëì ì륌볎ìë€. íììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ë®ì묞íì ì 첎ì ì²ê²°ì ì§ë¥Œëì죌Ʞ (2.98) ìŽìê³ ì구ëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì ì²ì¹ëê²ì¬í결곌륌ìë €ì£Œëê² (4.23) ìŽìë€. ë°ë©Žìê°ížì¬ì€ìëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì íìê°ë€ì¹ì§ìëë¡ìì ëì± ììžì°ëê² (4.51) ìŽìê³ , ê°ì¥ë®ì묞íì 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (4.06) ìŽìë€ < í 3>. ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ìììì íììì¢ êµìêŽì¬ìê°ê³ ì¢ êµì , ìì ìŒë¡ëì죌ëê² 1묞íìì ìžíëëšžì§ 4묞í몚ëíììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëê° 4.0 ìŽììŽìê³ , íììê°ížì¬ê°ììžìì°šìŽëì ìíì§ììê²ìŒë¡ëíë¬ë€. ëš, íììì¢ êµìêŽì¬ìê°ê³ ì¢ êµì , ìì ìŒë¡ëì죌ëê² (t =6.763, p =.000) ìíììì구ë (3.17) ê°ê°ížì¬ìì€ìë (3.94) ìë¹íŽíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ë®ìì ì륌볎ìë€. êµì¡ ì 볎ììììê°ížì¬ëêµì¡ ì 볎ììì 13ê°ë¬žíì 첎ìì 4.00~4.39ì ìì€ìë륌볎ìëë°ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì í©ë³ìŠìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² (4.39), ìì ì¬ê³ ìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² (4.34) ììŽìë€. íììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì ì¹ë£ì ì°šìëíŽìŽíŽíêž°ì¬ìŽë§ë¡ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (4.29) ìŽìê³ , íììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ë®ì묞íì ë³ê³ŒêŽë šíŽì±ìíììŽë»ê²íŽìŒíëì§ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (2.97)
54 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ìŽìë€. ì¬í ì§ì ììììíììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì ë³µì§ìë¹ì€ííìë°ìììëë¡ëì죌ëê² (4.03) ìŽìê³ , íììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ë®ì묞íì ì§ì íë š, ì·šì ìì ë±ì¬ì·šì ìëíì 볎륌죌ëê² (3.12) ìŽìë€. ê°ížì¬ê°ê°ì¥ì€ìíê²ìžìíê³ ìë묞íì ë 늜ì ìŒë¡ì¬íìíìí ììëë¡ëì죌ëê² (4.16) ìŽìë€ < í 3>. < í 2> ììë³ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëìíê· ì°šìŽ ìì íììì구ë (A) M±S.D ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ë (B) M±S.D íê· ì°šìŽ (AB) t p ì 첎 ì¹ë£ììì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ììêµì¡ ì 볎ììì¬í ì§ì ìì 3.72 ±.721 3.98 ±.704 3.80 ±.648 3.58 ±.894 4.29 ±.412 4.23 ±.499 4.21 ±.459 3.99 ±.616 0.57 0.25 0.41 0.41 8.622 3.772 6.409 4.870 <.0001 <.0001 <.0001 <.0001 ìŽì 3.78 ±.637 4.17 ±.431 0.39 5.872 <.0001 < í 3> 묞íë³ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëíê· ì°šìŽ ìì 묞í íììì구ë ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ë p M ± SD M ± SD 1. ì 첎ì ì²ê²°ì ì§ë¥Œëì죌ëê² 2.98 ± 1.313 4.22 ±.646 <.0001 ì 첎 ì¹ë£ìì 2. ìì²ì¹ë£ëìì¥íëž, êž°êŽì ê°íëžë±ìêŽëŠ¬íëê² 3. íµìŠìŽì¬í ëì ì íì¡°ì¹ë¥Œì·šíŽì£Œëê² 4. ë°°ë³ ( ë³ë¹, ë³ì€êž ), ë°°ëš ( ìì€êžë± ) 묞ì 륌íŽê²°íŽì£Œëê² 5. íŒììì§ìŒìììëë¶ì¶íê³ ì§ìíëê² 6. 충ë¶íì멎곌íŽììì·ší ììëë¡ë°°ë €íŽì£Œëê² 7. íìììŠìë°ížì륌죌ìê¹ê²ë€ìŽì£Œê³ ë¶ížê°ìëìŽì£Œëê² 3.61 ± 1.327 4.60 ±.555 <.0001 4.04 ± 0.984 4.48 ±.553 <.0001 3.06 ± 1.311 4.47 ±.564 <.0001 3.57 ± 1.235 4.16 ±.594 <.0001 3.67 ± 1.128 4.18 ±.636 <.0001 4.08 ± 0.945 4.41 ±.616 <.0001
55 < í 3> ê³ì ìì ì 첎 ì¹ë£ìì ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ìì êµì¡ ì 볎ìì 묞í íììì구ë M ± SD ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ë M ± SD 8. ì²ì¹ëê²ì¬í결곌륌ìë €ì£Œëê² 4.23 ± 0.815 4.31 ±.604.297 9. íìê°ë€ì¹ì§ìëë¡ìì ëì± ììžì°ëê² 4.01 ± 0.970 4.51 ±.589 <.0001 10. ì ì íììê³µêžê³Œìì¬ê°ìŽë£šìŽì§ëë¡íëê² 3.91 ± 0.994 4.28 ±.660 <.0001 11. ì 첎ìì ìì ìì§ìììíŽìŽëììíí ììëë¡íŽì£Œëê² 3.85 ± 1.033 4.24 ±.656 <.0001 12. 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² 3.63 ± 1.088 4.06 ±.685 <.0001 13. ìžìŽì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² 3.15 ± 1.286 4.07 ±.720 <.0001 14. 볎ì¥êµ¬ì¥ì°©ë°íë šìì§ìíëê² 3.47 ± 1.242 4.07 ±.646 <.0001 15. ꟞ì€íê²ì¬íê°ížë¥Œí ììëí겜ìì ê³µíŽì£Œëê² 4.05 ± 0.933 4.20 ±.593.067 16. ëšììëì 첎Ʞë¥ìíì©íê³ ì ì§íëë¡ëëê² 3.94 ± 1.013 4.40 ±.604 <.0001 17. íììë§ì죌ìê¹ê²ë€ìŽì£Œëê² 4.27 ± 0.726 4.36 ±.606.206 18. íììê°ì ììŽíŽíê³ ížìíë§ììê°ê²íëê² 4.19 ± 0.833 4.32 ±.586.077 19. í¬ë§ì ìžë§ë¡ì§ì§íŽì£Œëê² 4.17 ± 0.825 4.26 ±.632.227 20. ë³ìììì¹ë£ë¥Œë°ëëìì¬ìíì볎ížíŽì£Œëê² 4.10 ± 0.837 4.23 ±.598.082 21. íììì¢ êµìêŽì¬ìê°ê³ ì¢ êµì , ìì ìŒë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.17 ± 1.319 3.94 ±.769 <.0001 22. ë³ìì§í곌ì ìŽëìíìëíì 볎륌ì ê³µíëê² 4.17 ± 0.758 4.21 ±.599.614 23. ì¹ë£ì ì°šìëíŽìŽíŽíêž°ì¬ìŽë§ 4.29 ± 0.716 ë¡ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 4.31 ±.604.779 24. ë³ìëí죌ìì¬í ( ììŽìë², ìíìµêŽë± ) ìì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 4.05 ± 0.820 4.28 ±.626.006 25. íìì€ì€ë¡ê°ížíëë°©ë²ìì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 3.78 ± 0.957 4.28 ±.650 <.0001 26. ë³ê³ŒêŽë šíŽì±ìíììŽë»ê²íŽìŒíëì§ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 2.97 ± 1.259 4.00 ±.710 <.0001 p
56 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ììêµì¡ ì 볎ììì¬í ì§ì ìì 묞í 27. íìììíë³íìê°ì¡±ìŽëì²íëë°©ë²ììë €ì£Œëê² 28. ì ììëëíŽìíê°ë¥íìŽëìëíŽì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 29. íŽìíìëì¬ê³ ì ìíëìŒìê³ìí ììëì§, ìžì ë¶í°ìŒìë€ìììíŽëëëì§ìëíŽì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² íììì구ë M ± SD ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ë M ± SD 3.99 ± 0.890 4.27 ±.647.002 4.06 ± 0.833 4.22 ±.680.053 3.32 ± 1.291 4.14 ±.710 <.0001 30. ì ì íì°ê²°ì¹ë£êž°êŽë°ì§ìì¬íìììëíì 볎륌죌ëê² 3.72 ± 1.064 4.18 ±.735 <.0001 31. ì¬í곌ì ìêŽíìëŽìì ê³µíëê² 3.89 ± 0.942 4.18 ±.631.001 32. ë¹ì·íìí©ìì°ì¬íì륌ë§ëê²íŽì£Œëê² 3.42 ± 1.024 4.03 ±.707 <.0001 33. ìì ì¬ê³ ìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² 3.72 ± 0.952 4.34 ±.626 <.0001 34. í©ë³ìŠìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² 4.05 ± 0.904 4.39 ±.627 <.0001 35. ì¹ë£ë¹ë볎íìêŽê³ëì 볎륌ìë €ì£Œëê² 3.83 ± 1.044 3.86 ±.805.767 36. ìíë¹ ìë£ë¹ë±ìê³ì ì§ìêŽë š ëìë£ ë³µì§ì 볎륌ìë €ì£Œëê² 3.98 ± 0.977 3.92 ±.758.563 37. ì§ì íë š, ì·šì ìì ë±ì¬ì·šì ìëíì 볎륌죌ëê² 3.12 ± 1.282 3.94 ±.736 <.0001 38. ê°ì¡±êµ¬ì±ì곌ìêŽê³íì±ìŽìë§íëë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.38 ± 1.062 4.08 ±.682 <.0001 39. 겜ì ì 묞ì 륌íŽê²°í ììëë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.49 ± 1.186 3.93 ±.863 <.0001 40. ë 늜ì ìŒë¡ì¬íìíìí ììëë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.45 ± 1.189 4.16 ±.694 <.0001 41. ë³µì§ìë¹ì€ííìë°ìììëë¡ 4.03 ± 0.974 4.01 ±.697 ëì죌ëê².854 42. ì¬íë³µê·íë¡ê·žëšìì ê³µëëì 3.64 ± 1.103 4.13 ±.700 ì íŽì£Œëê² <.0001 43. 묞íìíìì°žì¬í êž°í륌ì ê³µíŽ 3.49 ± 1.102 3.94 ±.731 죌ëê² <.0001 p
57 3. íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíëë¹êµì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìŽíì (3.78) 곌ê°ížì¬ììíëìŽíì (3.48) ìë¹êµí결곌íµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²íììì구ëì ìê°ëìë€ (t =4.173, p =.000). ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ë¥Œ 4ê°ìììŒë¡êµ¬ë¶íì¬íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíë륌ìŽíŽë³žê²°ê³Œ, íììì구ëê°ëììììì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (3.98), êµì¡ ì 볎 (3.80), ì 첎 ì¹ë£ (3.72), ì¬í ì§ì (3.58) ììŽìê³ , ê°ížì¬ììíëê°ëììììì 첎 ì¹ë£ (3,80), ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (3.79), êµì¡ ì 볎 (3.55), ì¬í ì§ì (2.83) ììŽìë€. ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì (t =2.438, p =.015), êµì¡ ì 볎 (t =3.474, p =.001), ì¬í ì§ì (t =7.764, p =.000) ììììëëì§ëšê°ìíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²íììì구ëíê· ì ìê°ê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì ì볎ë€ëê²ëíë¬ìŒëì 첎 ì¹ë£ììììëíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíì°šìŽëìì§ë§ (t =1.207, p =.229) ê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì ì (3.80) ê°íììì구ëíê· ì ì (3.72) 볎ë€ëê²ëíë¬ë€ < í 4>. 묞íë³ë¡íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíëì ì륌ë¹êµí결곌뚌ì ì 첎 ì¹ë£ììììê°ížì¬ììíëê°ëì묞íì íµìŠìŽì¬í ëì ì íì¡°ì¹ë¥Œì·šíŽì£Œëê² (4.31), ìì²ì¹ë£ëìì¥íëž, êž°êŽì ê°íëžë±ìêŽëŠ¬íëê² (4.26), íìììŠìë°ížì륌죌ìê¹ê²ë€ìŽì£Œê³ ë¶ížê°ìëìŽì£Œëê² (4.12) ììŽììŒë©°ìíëê°ë®ì묞íì ìžìŽì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (3.22), 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (3.31), 볎ì¥êµ¬ì¥ì°©ë°íë šìì§ìíëê² (3.44) ììŽìë€. ì 첎 ì¹ë£ììììíììì구ëê°ê°ížì¬ììíë볎ë€íµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ëìì ìë¥Œë³Žìž 4ê°ë¬žíì ì²ì¹ëê²ì¬í결곌륌ìë €ì£Œëê² (4.23), ꟞ì€íê²ì¬íê°ížë¥Œí ììëí겜ìì ê³µíŽì£Œëê² (4.05), ëšììëì 첎Ʞë¥ìíì©íê³ ì ì§íëë¡ëëê² (3.94), 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (3.63) ë±ìŽìë€. ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ììììíììì구ëëìŽíê· 3.98ì , 3.17~4.27ì ìë¶í¬ë¥Œë³ŽìŽë©°ìŽíê· 3.79ì , 3.20~3.99ì ìë¶í¬ë¥Œë³Žìžê°ížì¬ìíë볎ë€ì ìíê²ëìì ì륌볎ìë€. ê·žë¬ë íììì¢ êµìêŽì¬ìê°ê³ ì¢ êµì , ìì ìŒë¡ëì죌ëê² (3.17) 1묞íìì ìíì°šìŽëìì§ë§íììì구ë (3.17) ê°ê°ížì¬ììíë (3.20) 볎ë€ë®ê²ëíë¬ë€. êµì¡ ì 볎ììììê°ížì¬ììíëì ìëì 첎 ì¹ë£ìì (3.80) 곌ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ìì (3.79) ìë¹íŽë®ìíê· ì ì (3.55) 륌볎ìë€í¹í 13ê°ë¬žíì€íììì구ëìë¹íŽì ìíê²ë®ììíë륌ëíëžë¬žíì ë³ìì§í곌ì ìŽëìíìëíì 볎륌ì ê³µíŽì£Œëê² (3.62), ì¹ë£ì ì°šìëíŽìŽíŽíêž°ì¬ìŽë§ë¡ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (3.95), íìììíë³íìê°ì¡±ìŽëì²íëë°©ë²ì
58 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ìë €ì£Œëê² (3.51), ì ììëëíŽìíê°ë¥íìŽëìëíŽì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (3.71), ì ì íì°ê²°ì¹ë£êž°êŽë°ì§ìì¬íìììëíì 볎륌죌ëê² (3.10) ê·žëŠ¬ê³ ì¬í곌ì ìêŽíìëŽìì ê³µíëê² (3.41) ìŽìë€. ì¬í ì§ì ìììììë³ê°ížì¬ììíëì ì (2.83) ê°ê°ì¥ë®ê²ëíë¬ë€. íììì구ëë 3.12~4.03ì ìë¶í¬ë¥Œë³ŽììŒëê°ížì¬ììíëë 2.71~3.11ì ìë¶í¬ë¥Œëíëë€. íììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíëê°ì ìíì°šìŽë¥ŒëíëŽì§ìì묞íì ê°ì¡±êµ¬ì±ì곌ìêŽê³íì±ìŽìë§íëë¡ëì죌ëê² í묞íë¿ìŽìê³ ëëšžì§ 8ê°ë¬žíì몚ëì ìíê²ê°ížì¬ììíëì ìê°ë®ê²ëíë¬ë€ < í 4>. < í 4> ììë³ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì°šìŽ ìì ì 첎 ì¹ë£ììì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ììêµì¡ ì 볎ììì¬í ì§ì ìì íììì구ë (A) ê°ížì¬ììíë (B) íê· ì°šìŽ M±S.D M±S.D (AB) 3.72 ±.721 3.98 ±.704 3.80 ±.648 3.58 ±.894 3.80 ±.540 3.79 ±.632 3.55 ±.622 2.83 ±.810 0.08 0.19 0.25 0.75 t 1.207 2.438 3.474 7.764 p.229.015.001 <.0001 ìŽì 3.78 ±.637 3.48 ±.538 0.30 4.173 <.0001 < í 5> 묞íë³ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì°šìŽ ìì 묞í íììì구ë ê°ížì¬ììíë p M SD M SD 1. ì 첎ì ì²ê²°ì ì§ë¥Œëì죌ëê² 2.98 1.313 3.64.850 <.0001 ì 첎 ì¹ë£ìì 2. ìì²ì¹ë£ëìì¥íëž, êž°êŽì ê°íëžë±ìêŽëŠ¬íëê² 3.61 1.327 4.26.741 <.0001 3. íµìŠìŽì¬í ëì ì íì¡°ì¹ë¥Œì·šíŽì£Œëê² 4.04 0.984 4.31.648.004 4. ë°°ë³ ( ë³ë¹, ë³ì€êž ), ë°°ëš ( ìì€êžë± ) 묞ì ë¥ŒíŽ 3.06 1.311 4.09.776 <.0001 ê²°íŽì£Œëê² 5. íŒììì§ìŒìììëë¶ì¶íê³ ì§ìíëê² 3.57 1.235 3.83.863.022 6. 충ë¶íì멎곌íŽììì·ší ììëë¡ë°°ë €íŽì£Œëê² 3.67 1.128 3.86.811.075
59 < í 5> ê³ì ìì 묞í íììì구ë ê°ížì¬ììíë p M SD M SD 7. íìììŠìë°ížì륌죌ìê¹ê²ë€ìŽì£Œê³ ë¶ížê°ìëìŽì£Œëê² 4.08 0.945 4.12.773.630 8. ì²ì¹ëê²ì¬í결곌륌ìë €ì£Œëê² 4.23 0.815 3.97.799.004 9. íìê°ë€ì¹ì§ìëë¡ìì ëì± ììžì°ëê² 4.01 0.970 4.05.839.656 10. ì ì íììê³µêžê³Œìì¬ê°ìŽë£šìŽì§ëë¡íëê² 3.91 0.994 3.90.858.871 ì 첎 ì¹ë£ìì 11. ì 첎ìì ìì ìì§ìììíŽìŽëììíí ììëë¡íŽì£Œëê² 12. 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² 3.85 1.033 3.70.804.138 3.63 1.088 3.31.913.003 13. ìžìŽì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² 3.15 1.286 3.22.953.555 14. 볎ì¥êµ¬ì¥ì°©ë°íë šìì§ìíëê² 3.47 1.242 3.44.945.792 15. ꟞ì€íê²ì¬íê°ížë¥Œí ììëí겜ìì ê³µíŽì£Œëê² 16. ëšììëì 첎Ʞë¥ìíì©íê³ ì ì§íëë¡ëëê² 4.05 0.933 3.60.816 <.0001 3.94 1.013 3.60.737.001 17. íììë§ì죌ìê¹ê²ë€ìŽì£Œëê² 4.27 0.726 3.96.778 <.0001 18. íììê°ì ììŽíŽíê³ ížìíë§ììê°ê²íëê² 4.19 0.833 3.90.783.001 ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ìì 19. í¬ë§ì ìžë§ë¡ì§ì§íŽì£Œëê² 4.17 0.825 3.99.783.042 20. ë³ìììì¹ë£ë¥Œë°ëëìì¬ìíì볎ížíŽì£Œëê² 4.10 0.837 3.91.802.040 êµì¡ ì 볎ìì 21. íììì¢ êµìêŽì¬ìê°ê³ ì¢ êµì , ìì ìŒë¡ëì죌ëê² 22. ë³ìì§í곌ì ìŽëìíìëíì 볎륌ì ê³µíëê² 23. ì¹ë£ì ì°šìëíŽìŽíŽíêž°ì¬ìŽë§ë¡ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 24. ë³ìëí죌ìì¬í ( ììŽìë², ìíìµêŽë± ) ìì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 3.17 1.319 3.20.914.773 4.17 0.758 3.62.840 <.0001 4.29 0.716 3.95.727 <.0001 4.05 0.820 3.92.797.141
60 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž < í 5> ê³ì ìì 묞í íììì구ë ê°ížì¬ììíë p M SD M SD 25. íìì€ì€ë¡ê°ížíëë°©ë²ìì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 3.78 0.957 3.77.803.912 êµì¡ ì 볎ìì 26. ë³ê³ŒêŽë šíŽì±ìíììŽë»ê²íŽìŒíëì§ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 27. íìììíë³íìê°ì¡±ìŽëì²íëë°©ë²ììë €ì£Œëê² 28. ì ììëëíŽìíê°ë¥íìŽëìëíŽì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 29. íŽìíìëì¬ê³ ì ìíëìŒìê³ìí ììëì§, ìžì ë¶í°ìŒìë€ìììíŽëëëì§ìëíŽì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² 30. ì ì íì°ê²°ì¹ë£êž°êŽë°ì§ìì¬íìììëíì 볎륌죌ëê² 2.97 1.259 2.87 1.172.447 3.99 0.890 3.51.902 <.0001 4.06 0.833 3.71.832 <.0001 3.32 1.291 3.13 1.035.142 3.72 1.064 3.10 1.002 <.0001 31. ì¬í곌ì ìêŽíìëŽìì ê³µíëê² 3.89 0.942 3.41.930 <.0001 32. ë¹ì·íìí©ìì°ì¬íì륌ë§ëê²íŽì£Œëê² 3.42 1.024 3.35.970.477 33. ìì ì¬ê³ ìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² 3.72 0.952 3.86.849.150 34. í©ë³ìŠìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² 4.05 0.904 3.91.784.125 35. ì¹ë£ë¹ë볎íìêŽê³ëì 볎륌ìë €ì£Œëê² 3.83 1.044 3.05.982 <.0001 36. ìíë¹ ìë£ë¹ë±ìê³ì ì§ìêŽë šëìë£ ë³µì§ì 볎륌ìë €ì£Œëê² 37. ì§ì íë š, ì·šì ìì ë±ì¬ì·šì ìëíì 볎륌죌ëê² 3.98 0.977 2.93.922 <.0001 3.12 1.282 2.75 1.028.003 ì¬í ì§ì ìì 38. ê°ì¡±êµ¬ì±ì곌ìêŽê³íì±ìŽìë§íëë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.38 1.062 3.11 0.915.012 39. 겜ì ì 묞ì 륌íŽê²°í ììëë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.49 1.186 2.59 1.133 <.0001 40. ë 늜ì ìŒë¡ì¬íìíìí ììëë¡ëì죌ëê² 3.45 1.189 2.83 0.985 <.0001 41. ë³µì§ìë¹ì€ííìë°ìììëë¡ëì죌ëê² 4.03 0.974 2.72 0.942 <.0001 42. ì¬íë³µê·íë¡ê·žëšìì ê³µëëìì íŽì£Œëê² 3.64 1.103 2.71 0.951 <.0001 43. 묞íìíìì°žì¬í êž°í륌ì ê³µíŽì£Œëê² 3.49 1.102 2.78 0.969 <.0001
61 â £. ë Œì 볞ì°êµ¬ììì°ì ì¬íŽíìë€ìŽìžìíëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ì구ëìŽíì ììµë 5ì ì 3.78ì ìŽìê³ ê°ížì¬ê°ìžìíëì€ìëìŽíì ì 4.17ì ìŒë¡ê°ížì¬ê°íì볎ë€ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ëŽì©ë€ìëì€ìíê²ìê°íìë€. ìŽëíììì구ì걎ê°ì 묞ê°ë€ìì구ê°ìŒì¹íì§ìëë€ëì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œ (Kersten ìž, 2000) ììŒêŽì±ìŽìê³ , ìë¹ì€ì§ìëíì¬íì볎ë€ê°ížì¬ìêž°ëì¹ê°ì ìíê²ëê²ëíëìŽììŒ (Lee & Yom)(2007: 549) ìì°êµ¬ê²°ê³ŒììŒì¹íìë€. ê·žë¬ëêžì±íìì¹ë£í겜ììê°ížì¬ëíìê°ìžìíë묞ì ì 32% ì ë륌곌ìíê°íê³ , 24% ë곌ë€íê°íë©°, 44% ì ëë§ìŽë¹ì·íì ëë¡ì€ìë륌ìžìíê³ , ê°ížì¬ìíìê°ì묞ì ìì¬ê°ì±ê³Œì€ìë륌잡ì íëì°šìŽëìì€í ì ìžì°šìŽë³Žë€ê°ìžì ìžë³íìëêŽë šìŽìë€ê³ íì¬íììí, ì¹ë£í겜ìë°ëŒìíììê°ížì¬ììžìì°šìŽê°ìììììììì¬íìë€ (Florin ìž, 2005: 146). ììë³ìžìë¹êµììê°ížì¬ìì€ìëëì 첎 ì¹ë£ììì ìê°ê°ì¥ëììŒëíììì구ëëì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ììì ìê°ê°ì¥ëìë€. ìŽë 1990ë ëìŽë°ê¹ì§íìì구ìëíì°êµ¬ììíìëìì ìì 첎ì ê°ížìëêŽì¬ìê°ëë°ë©Žê°ížì¬ëíììì¬ëŠ¬ì ì구륌ë§ì¡±ìí€ëë°ëë§ìêŽì¬ìê°ì§ë€ëì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œ (von Essen & Sjoden, 1991), ê°ížì¬ëíììì 첎ì 묞ì 볎ë€ì ìì 묞ì 륌ì¢ë곌ëíê°íë€ëì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œ (Löfmark ìž. 1999) ìëë°ëëë결곌ìŽë€. ìêž°ìí©ììì§ì§ëê³ ëŠœê°ìê°ììí€ê³ ëìë žë ¥ìê°íìí€ê³ , ì§ë³ìëíì ìë ¥ììŽì§ìí€ëìììŒë¡ì¬ì©ë ììë€ê³ íìê³ (Maxwell, Stuenkel, & Saylor, 2007: 368), ì€íìì€ê°ížì¬ë€ìŽíììì€ížë ì€ë¥Œíìì ííê²ìžì§íëê²ìŽìëë¯ë¡ê°ížì¬ë€ì볎ë€ì ì íì¬ëŠ¬ì ì§ì§ìíì ìì ê³µíêž°ìíŽíìê°ìžìíëë°ë¥ŒëììŽíŽíŽìŒë§íë€ê³ íìë€ (Pang & Suen, 2007: 2682). ë°ëŒì볞ì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œëì°ì ì¬íŽë¡ìžíŽì¬íìŽíìíëìììê²ì¬ëŠ¬ì ìì ì§ì§ê°ížê°ëì±íìíšì볎ì¬ì£Œë결곌ë¡íŽìëë€. ì¬ëŠ¬ ìì ìì 5ê°ë¬žíì€ììíììì구ëê°ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëìì ìíì°šìŽê°ìëê²ìŒë¡ëíë 4ê°ë¬žíì íììë§ì죌ìê¹ê²ë€ìŽì£Œêž°, íììê°ì ììŽíŽíê³ ížìíë§ììê°ê²íŽì£Œêž°, í¬ë§ì ìžë§ë¡ì§ì§íŽì£Œêž°, ë³ìììì¹ë£ë¥Œë°ëëìì¬ìíì볎ížíŽì£Œêž° ìžë°, ìŽë몚ëì ìì ì§ì§ìíŽë¹ëëëŽì©ìŒë¡ê°ížì¬ììì§ììžì¬íë°°ë €ë¡ì¶©ë¶íìíê°ë¥í묞íë€ìŽìë€. ë°ë©Žê°ížì¬ë€ìŽìííêž°ìŽë €ìíë íììì¢ êµìêŽì¬ìê°ê³ ì¢ êµì , ìì ìŒë¡ëì죌Ʞ ëíììì구ëê° 3.17ì ,
62 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ê°ížì¬ìì€ìëê° 3.94ì ìŒë¡ì ìíì°šìŽë¥Œë³ŽìŽê³ ììëë°ëªšë ê°ížì¬ë€ìŽì¢ êµì ê°ížì€ì¬ìëíë¶ëŽìê°ì§ê²ìŽìëëŒì¢ êµì , ìì ìžëìììì²íëíì륌íì íê³ ìŽë¥Œëìì€ê°ížì¬ë°ì¢ êµì§ëì륌ì°ê³íëì 묎륌í ììëì ëëŒë©Žíììì구ë륌충족í ìììŒëŠ¬ëŒì¬ë£ëìë€. ìŒë°ì ìŒë¡ì²ì¹ëê²ì¬ê²°ê³Œë¥Œìë €ì£Œëê²ììì¬ìì§ë¬Žë¡ìê°íì¬ê°ížì¬ëìŽìëíŽìŒì²ŽêŽì¬ì볎ìŽì§ìê±°ë묎ìíë겜í¥ìŽìì§ìììëë¶êµ¬íê³ ì 첎 ì¹ë£ììì€ììíììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì ì²ì¹ëê²ì¬í결곌륌ìë €ì£Œëê² (4.23) ìŽìë€. ë°ëŒìê°ížì¬ëì§ë³Žëìì¬ìíµêž°ì ìíµíŽíìììê¶ëŠ¬ê°ì¡Žì€ë°ëëëìì£Œê³ ê°ížì¬ìì 묞ì±ìŽìë£ìì€í ìììíìì볎ížììê²ìžì ë°ëë¶ìꞰ륌조ì±íëë žë ¥ìíŽìŒí íìì±ìŽìë€. ëíìŽëêµì¡ ì 볎ììììíìê° ì¹ë£ì ì°šìëíŽìŽíŽíêž°ì¬ìŽë§ë¡ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (4.29) ìê°ì¥ëê²ì구íê²ê³ŒìŒì¹íëë©ŽìŽìëë°ê°ížì¬ìì€ëª ì묎륌ê°ë ¥íì구íê³ ìëê²ìŒë¡íì ëë€. í€ë¥Žì¹í (Kirchhoff) ìžììíë©ŽëŽë¹ê°ížì¬ëì€ì¬ììì 볎ìë²ìê°ê°ëìŽìŒíë€ê³ íìë€ (Maxwell, Stuenkel, & Saylor, 2007ìììžì© : 368). 볞ì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œììëíìëê°ížì¬ë¡ë¶í°ìŽìê°ììí ìêž°ëíê³ ìììììììë€. ê°ížì¬ëì 첎 ì¹ë£ììì€ìì íìê°ë€ì¹ì§ìëë¡ìì ëì± ììžì°ëê² (4.51) ìê°ì¥ì€ìíê²ìžìíìë€. ìŽëêµì¡ ì 볎ììììê°ížì¬ê° í©ë³ìŠìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² (4.39), ìì ì¬ê³ ìë°©ììíêµì¡ìì ê³µíëê² (4.34) ìê°ì¥ì€ìíê²ìžìíê²ê³ŒìŒì¹íê³ ììŒë©°ìŽë¬í결곌ëê°ì¥ë¹ë²íìë£ì¬ê³ ìžëììí¬íšíìì ì¬ê³ ìë°©êµì¡ìíšê³Œë¡ì¬ê²šì§ë€. ë°ë©Žìê°ížì¬ëì 첎 ì¹ë£ììì€ìì 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (4.06) ìëì€ìíê²ìžìíìê³ , ìíëì ìë ìžìŽì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (3.22), 묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£íë³ì€ììê³ìì°ìµíëë¡ëëê² (3.31), 볎ì¥êµ¬ì¥ì°©ë°íë šìì§ìíëê² (3.44) ììŒë¡ë®ê²ëíë¬ë€. ìŽë묌늬ì¹ë£ë°ìì ì¹ë£ìì¬ì , ê³íë¶í°ìíììŽë¥Žëëšê³ì€ìëŽë¹ê°ížì¬ê°ì°žì¬í êž°íê°ê±°ìììŽì§ë©Žìì ííì 볎ìì§ì, ì± ìê°ìŽì€ìŽë€êž°ë묞ìŽë©°ìŽìêŽë šëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìììŽì¹ë£ì¬ììí ë¡ì ìŽëëììì볎ìŽëë¶ë¶ìŒë¡í¥íì¬íê°ížìì 묞ì±ìê³ ë €í ëìŽë¬í결곌ë맀ì°ì€ìíì믞ê°ìë€. ê¹êžììž (2005: 107) ìì°êµ¬ììíìë€ìì ìêž°ê°ì€ì¬ííšê³Œê°ì ììŽì 륌배ì ëìê°ìë§ì¹ë£ë¥Œë°ìììëì¬íìê°ìë¶ì¡±ë묞ìŽëŒê³ ìëµíìë€. ë³ì€ìì볎ížììëìë§ìŒë¡ì§íëëìŽëë°©ë²ìíê³ê°ìììë§íŽì€ë€. ì¹ë£ì€ììë°°ììšìŽëë°©ë²ìë³ì€
63 ëŽììì§ìì ìŽê³ íšê³Œì ìŒë¡ìŽíí ììëêŽëŠ¬ìê°íìíê³ ê°ì¥ì ì íìì¹ììëì¬ëìê°ížì¬ìŽë€. ë°ëŒìí¥íê°ížêµì¡ìììŽë¶ë¶ìì§ì€êµì¡ê³Œì€ìì±ìê°ì¡°í íìì±ìŽìë€. ì¬í ì§ì ììììíììì구ëê°ê°ì¥ëì묞íì ë³µì§ìë¹ì€ííìë°ìììëë¡ëì죌ëê² (4.03) ìŒë¡íìëíŽììê³ ë €íë©Žìë³ìëŽê°ížì¬ìê²ì§ìì¬íìì°ê³ëëìŒì°šì ìžì묎륌Ʞëíê³ ììë€. ë°ëŒìê°ížìë¹ì€ê°ìŽë¬íì 볎륌ì ê³µí ììëìì€í ìê°ì¶ê²ìžì§ì¬íì¬ì ëëì¬íë³µì§ê³Œë¡ìŽëìì ììŽêŽí ê²ìžì§ë Œìíê³ ìžë¶ì§ì¹šìë§ë šíì¬ê°ížì¬ë€ìê²ê³µì§í íìê°ìë€. ë°ë©Žì¬í ì§ì ììììê°ížì¬ê°ê°ì¥ì€ìíê²ìžìíë묞íì ë 늜ì ìŒë¡ì¬íìíìí ììëë¡ëì죌ëê² (4.16) ìŽìëë°ìŽëê°ížì¬ëíìê°ìŒììíìíìíêž°ë¥ììµëíëê²ìëì€ìíê²ìê°íê³ ìëê²ìŒë¡ì¶ìž¡ëë€. íìë€ìŽìžìíëì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ì구ëìŽíì ììµë 5ì ì 3.78ì ìŽìê³ ê°ížì¬ììíëìŽíì ì 3.48ì ìŒë¡ê°ížì¬ììíëê°íììì구ë볎ë€ì ìíê²ë®ìê²ìŒë¡ëíë¬ë€. ìŽëì€ì ì ê³µëê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíŽíììì§ê°ìì€ìŽê°ížì¬ìì§ê°ìì€ë³Žë€ëê²ëíëê¹ì í¬ììŽìžì (2004: 1248) ìì°êµ¬ê²°ê³ŒììŒì¹íììŒëê°ížì¬ììíëê°íìê°ìžìíëê²ë³Žë€ëë€ëìŽììŒ (Lee & Yom)(2007: 549) ìì°êµ¬ê²°ê³ŒìëìŒì¹íì§ììë€. êµì¡ ì 볎ììììíììì구ëìë¹íŽê°ížì¬ìíëê°ì ìíê²ë®ì묞íë€ììŽíŽë³Žë©Ž ì¹ë£ì ì°šìëíŽìŽíŽíêž°ì¬ìŽë§ë¡ì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (3.95), ì ììëëíŽìíê°ë¥íìŽëìëíŽì€ëª íŽì£Œëê² (3.71), ë³ìì§í곌ì ìŽëìíìëíì 볎륌ì ê³µíŽì£Œëê² (3.62), íìììíë³íìê°ì¡±ìŽëì²íëë°©ë²ììë €ì£Œëê² (3.51), ì¬í곌ì ìêŽíìëŽìì ê³µíëê² (3.41) ë±ìŽìë€. ìœëžë (Kovner)(1989) ëíìì±ê³Œë°ë§ì¡±ëìì€ìì±ìëíŽê°ížì¬ìíìììžìì°šìŽê°ì ììë¡íììë§ì¡±ëê°ìŠê°íë€ê³ íìë€. ë°ëŒììŽë¬í묞íë€ìê°ížìíìëííììêž°ëì¹ê°í¬ë€ëì ìê°ìíì¬ìžë¶ì ìžì²Ží¬ëŠ¬ì€íž, êµì¡ìë£ê°ë°ë±ê°ížì¬ìíë륌ëìŽêž°ìíë°©ììë§ë ší íìê°ìë€. íížêµì¡ ì 볎ìììì ì ì íì°ê²°ì¹ë£êž°êŽë°ì§ìì¬íìììëíì 볎륌죌ëê² (3.10) 묞íìê°ížìíëê°íìì구ëìë¹íŽì ìíê²ë®ìëë°, ìŽëì¬í ì§ì ììì 첎묞íììíììì구ë (3.12~4.03ì ) 볎ë€ê°ížì¬ììíë (2.71~3.11ì ) ì ìë¶í¬ê°ë®ìê²ê³ŒêŽë šìŽìëê²ìŒë¡ì¬ë£ëë€. ì°œ (Chang) ìž 2(2003: 34) ëêµì¡íë¡ê·žëšìŽê°ížì¬ìì§ìì°šìŽë¥Œë³Žìí ììê³ ìŽê²ìŽë žìžìëíêžì ì ìžíë륌ê°ê²íë©°ì§ìí¥ì곌êžì ì ìžíëê°ì§ì ìžê°ížì ê³µìêž°ìŽê°ëë€ê³ íì
64 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ë€. ìŠì¬íê°ížì¬ë¥ŒëììŒë¡ì§ìì¬íì°ê³ë°ì§ì ì¬í곌êŽë šëì€ì ì ìžêµì¡íë¡ê·žëšìì ê³µíëê²ìŽíìíë€. ì¬í ì§ì ììììíììì구ëìê°ížì¬ììíëê°ì ìíì°šìŽë¥ŒëíëŽì§ìì묞íì ê°ì¡±êµ¬ì±ì곌ìêŽê³íì±ìŽìë§íëë¡ëì죌ëê² í묞íë¿ìŽìë€. ëëšžì§ 8ê°ë¬ží, ìŠ ì¹ë£ë¹ë볎íìêŽê³ëì 볎륌ìë €ì£Œëê², ìíë¹ ìë£ë¹ë±ìê³ì ì§ìêŽë šëìë£ ë³µì§ì 볎륌ìë €ì£Œëê², ì§ì íë š, ì·šì ìì ë±ì¬ì·šì ìëíì 볎륌죌ëê², 겜ì ì 묞ì 륌íŽê²°í ììëë¡ëì죌ëê², ë 늜ì ìŒë¡ì¬íìíìí ììëë¡ëì죌ëê², ì¬íë³µì§ìë¹ì€ííìë°ìììëë¡ëì죌ëê², ì¬íë³µê·íë¡ê·žëšìì ê³µëëìì íŽì£Œëê², ë° ë¬žíìíìì°žì¬í êž°í륌ì§ê³µíŽì£Œëê² ë±ì몚ëì ìíê²ê°ížì¬ììíëì ìê°ë®ê²ëíë¬ëë°ëŽì©ììŽíŽë³Žë©Žì¬íë³µì§ìêŽë šëìë¹ì€ì 묎ê°ëë¶ë¶ìŒë¡ìŽë€ì¬íë³µì§ìììíë¶ìììížíì¡°ì ìžêŽê³ê°íìì ìŽë€. ë°ëŒìì¬íê°ížì¬ê°ì ëŽë¶ìììŽë»ê²ì°ê³íê³ íŒëë°±ìí ê²ìžì§ìì€í ì첎ê³ííšìŒë¡ìšì¬íë³µì§ìììììê°ížì¬ìì 묎ìììë¶ëª íí íìê°ìë€. ëëì (Radwin) ì íì륌ìëê² ìŽëê°ë³íëì€ì¬ë¥Œì ííêž°ìí귌거ë¡ìíìì겜í, íì, ê°ì 곌ìžìììŽíŽíëê²ìŽëŒê³ íìë€ (Florin, Ehrenberg, & Ehnfors, 2005: 141). 볞ì°êµ¬ììëê°ížì¬ìì€ìëììíë륌íììì구ëìë¹êµíŽëŽìŒë¡ìšì¬íìë¹ì€ë¥Œíìë¡íëíì륌ìê³ ë³Žë€íšê³Œì ìžê°ížì€ì¬ë¥Œê³ííëêž°ìŽìë£ë¥Œì ê³µíìë€ëë°ììê°ìë€. â €. ê²°ë¡ ë°ì ìž ë³žì°êµ¬ì목ì ìì°ì ì¬íŽì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëííììì구ëìê°ížì¬ìì€ìëë°ìíë륌ë¹êµíëê²ìŽë€. 43묞íìŒë¡êµ¬ì±ëì€ë¬žì§ë¥ŒìŽì©íì¬ì°ì ì¬íŽì 묞ë³ì 1ê³³ììíì 211ëª , ê°ížì¬ 150ëª ìŒë¡ë¶í°ìë£ë¥Œìì§íìë€. ì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíê°ížì¬ìì€ìëìžìì ëìŽíì (4.17) ìŽíììì구ëìŽíì (3.78) 볎ë€íµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ëê²ëíë¬ë€. ììë³ë¹êµììë 4ê°ìì몚ëììê°ížì¬ìì€ìëíê· ì ìê°íììì구ëíê· ì ììë¹íŽíµê³ì ìŒë¡ì ìíê²ëê²ëíë¬ë€. ê·žë¬ëê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì ì (3.48) ëíììì구ëíê· ì ì (3.78) 볎ë€ì ìíê²ë®ìê²ìŒë¡ëíë¬ë€. ììë³ë¹êµììëì 첎 ì¹ë£ (t =1.207, p =.229) ììë§ê°ížì¬ììíëíê· ì ìê°ëëê²ëíë,
65 ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíŽìëê°ížì¬ê°íì볎ë€ì€ìíê²ìžìíê³ ììŒë©Žìëì 첎 ì¹ë£ììììíì ëë§ì¶©ì¡±íê³ ììë€. ë°ëŒìì¬ëŠ¬, êµì¡, ì¬íì ììììíë륌íììì구ìë¶ìí ë§íŒëìŽêž°ìíŽìëì 묞ì ìžì¬íêµì¡ê³Œìžë ¥ë³Žì¶©, ìë£ë°ê°ížìì€í ì첎ê³ííëì ëµìŽíìíë€. ê·žë¬ë볞ì°êµ¬ê²°ê³Œëì°ì¬ë³ì 1ê³³ììì¡°ì¬ëìë£ìŽë¯ë¡ì¶íë€ìíì¬íë³ììíììê°ížì¬ë¥ŒëììŒë¡ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíìžììë¹êµì¡°ì¬íì¬ìŒë°íë결곌륌ëì¶í ê²ìì ìžíë€.
66 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ì°žê³ ë¬ží ê¹êžì ê¹ì í ë°ì¢ ì ì¡°ë³µí¬ ì¡°ëšì¥ ì ê²œí¬ ì 믞ì ìŽì°šì° ìŽíì. 2005. " ì ìíììì¬íì구ë. ì¬íê°ížííì§ 8(2): 102109. ê¹ìì. 2008. ìììì íììê°ížì¬ê°ìžìííŽìê°ížêµì¡ì구ë¹êµ. ê³ ì ëíêµê°íží곌ìì¬íìë Œë¬ž. ê¹ì í¬ ìŽìžì. 2004. ì€ìì¢ í©ë³ìì ìíììê°ížì¬ìê°ížìë¹ì€ìëíêž°ëìì§ê°, ì§íê°ìë§ì¡±ëì°šìŽ. ëíê°ížííì§ 34(7): 12431254. ë°ì§ì ìì°ì¥ ìŽì ìž ê¹ì í. 2009. ì°ì ì¥ì¬íê°ížìë¹ì€ìì€ìëìëíê°ížì¬ìì§ê°ê³Œìíìì°šìŽ. ì¬íê°ížííì§ 12(1): 3038. ì í¬ì ê°ì€ê· ë°ë³ê· ííë¥ ë°±ëšì¢ ížì±ë² ì íì ê¹íí ê¹ìží. 2007. íêžíìì ë°ëžì§ì (KMBI) ìê°ë° : ëì¡žì€íìëììë€êž°êŽì°êµ¬. ëíì¬íìííì§ 31(3): 283297. ìŽì¹í¬. 2008. ìêžì€íììê°ížì¬ê°ì§ê°íëê°ížì구ëë¹êµ. ì죌ëíêµê°íží곌ìì¬íìë Œë¬ž. ìì§ì ê¹ììž. 2000. SERVQUAL 몚ëžììŽì©íê°ížìë¹ì€ì§ìž¡ì . ê°ížíì íí 6(2): 259279. Chang, E, Chenoweth, L., & Hancock, K. (2003). Nursing needs of hospitalized older adults: consumer and nurse perceptions. Journal of Gerontological Nursing 29(9): 3241. Florin, J., Ehrenberg, A., & Ehnfors, M. (2005). Patients' and nurses' perceptions of nursing problems in an acute care setting. Journal of Advanced Nursing 51(2): 140149. Hudson, K., & Sexton, D. (1996). Perceptions about nursing care: Comparing elders' and nurses' priorities. Journal of Gerontological Nursing 22(12): 4146. Johnson, J. (1987). Selected nursing activities for hospitalized clients. Journal of Gerontological Nursing 13(10): 2933. Kersten, P., George, S., McLellan, L., Smith, J. A. E., & Mullee, M. A. (2000). Disabled people and professionals differ in their perceptions of rehabilitation needs. Journal of Public Health Medicine 22(3): 393399. Kovner, C. (1989). Nursepatient agreement and outcomes after surgery. Western Journal of Nursing Research 11(1): 79. Lee, M. A., & Yom, Y. (2007). A comparative study of patients' and nurses' perceptions of the quality of nursing services, satisfaction and intent to revisit the hospital: a questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies 44: 545555. Löfmark, A., Hannersjö, S., & Wikblad, K. (1999). A summative evaluation of clinical competence : students' and nurses' perceptions of inpatients' individual physical and emotional needs. Journal of Advanced Nursing 29(4): 942949. Lynn, M., & McMillen, B. (1999). Do nurses know what patients think is important in nursing care.
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68 ì¬íë³µì§ì 15 ê¶ì 1 íž ABSTRACT Comparison of Patient Need with Nurse Perception of Importance and Performance of Rehabilitation Nursing Service Park, Jee Won (Professor, College of Nursing, Ajou University) So, Heeyoung (Professor, College of Nursing, Chungnam National University) Kim, Chang Hee (Fulltime Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Youngdong University) Purpose: This study was done to compare patient need with nurse perception of importance and performance of rehabilitation nursing service. Method: A questionnaire composed of 43 items was used to collect data. Participants were 211 patients receiving care after industrial accidents and 150 nurses working at a special hospital for industrial disasters. Results: Mean score for nurse perception of importance of rehabilitation nursing service was 4.17, which was statistically significant compared to the mean score for patient need (3.78) and statistically significant for all domains of rehabilitation nursing service (physical therapeutic, t=8.622, p=.000; psychological holistic, t=3.772, p=.000; educational informational, t=6.409, p=.000; social occupational, t=4.870, p=.000). The score for patient need (3.78) was higher than for nurses' performance (3.48). Scores for nurses' performance were higher than patient need only for the physical therapeutic domain (t=1.207, p=.229), while scores for patient need were statistically significant for the other three domains; psychological holistic (t=2.438, p=.015), educational informational (t=3.474, p=.001), and social occupational (t=7.764, p=.000) compared to scores for nurse performance. Conclusion: The findings indicate that although nurses recognized rehabilitation nursing service as important, they only perform physical and therapeutic services. Therefore special education, supplementation of human resources, and strategy to systemize medical and
69 nursing structures are required to improve the performance of psychological, educational, and social services. Key words:rehabilitation nursing, perception, nursing service, patient need [ ë Œë¬žì ììŒ : 2010. 10. 30 ì¬ì¬ìë£ìŒ : 2010. 12. 1 ê²ì¬íì ìŒ : 2010. 12. 15]