THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY Education - P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary,

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Elementary School Level Social Studies Glossary Glossary English Korean

It should also be used for INSTRUCTION during the school year.

1 Elementary School Level Social Studies Glossary Glossary English Korean Translation of Social Studies terms based on the Coursework for Social Studies Grades 3 to 5. This glossary is to PROVIDE PERMITTED TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS of ELL/MLL students. It should also be used for INSTRUCTION during the school year. The glossary may be downloaded, printed and disseminated to educators, parents and ELLs/MLLs. Please click here for the New York State Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages Webpage on "Assessment and Testing Accommodations" THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY Updated October 2018

2 THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY Education - P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary, and Continuing Education and Office of Higher Education Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign Language Studies THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University MERRYL H. TISCH, Chancellor, B.A., M.A., Ed.D.... New York MILTON L. COFIELD, Vice Chancellor, B.S., M.B.A., Ph.D.... Rochester ROBERT M. BENNETT, Chancellor Emeritus, B.A., M.S.... Tonawanda SAUL B. COHEN, B.A., M.A., Ph.D... New Rochelle JAMES C. DAWSON, A.A., B.A., M.S., Ph.D.... Plattsburgh ANTHONY S. BOTTAR, B.A., J.D.... Syracuse GERALDINE D. CHAPEY, B.A., M.A., Ed.D.... Belle Harbor HARRY PHILLIPS, 3rd, B.A., M.S.F.S.... Hartsdale JOSEPH E. BOWMAN, JR., B.A., M.L.S., M.A., M.Ed., Ed.D... Albany JAMES R. TALLON, JR., B.A., M.A.... Binghamton ROGER TILLES, B.A., J.D.... Great Neck KAREN BROOKS HOPKINS, B.A., M.F.A... Brooklyn CHARLES R. BENDIT, B.A.... Manhattan BETTY A. ROSA, B.A., M.S. in Ed., M.S. in Ed., M.Ed., Ed.D... Bronx LESTER W. YOUNG, JR., B.S., M.S., Ed. D.... Oakland Gardens CHRISTINE D. CEA, B.A., M.A., Ph.D.... Staten Island WADE S. NORWOOD, B.A.... Rochester Interim President of the University and Commissioner of Education CAROLE F. HUXLEY Senior Deputy Commissioner of Education, P 16 JOHANNA DUNCAN-POITIER Associate Commissioner for Curriculum and Instructional Support JEAN STEVENS Coordinator, Office of Bilingual Education and Foreign language Studies PEDRO J. RUIZ Acknowledgements: The New York State Education Department Glossaries for English Language Learners were reviewed and updated during the school year. We would like to thank in these efforts the New York State Education Department Language BETACs (Spanish, Asian and Haitian Bilingual Education Technical Assistance Centers), the NYS Office of Curriculum, Instruction and Instructional Technology; the New York City Department of Education Office of English Language Learners, and the NYC Department of Education Translation and Interpretation Unit. The State Education Department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. Portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including brailed, large print or audio tape, upon request. Inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the Department s Office for Diversity, Ethics, and Access, Room 530, Education Building, Albany, NY

3 A A.D. 기원후 abilities 능력 absence of government 무정부상태 absentee ballot 부재자투표 accomplishments 성취 / 성과 achievements 성취 acid rain 산성비 across time and place 시간과장소를거쳐서, 시공을초월하여 action plan 실행계획 activities 활동 adults 성인, 어른 aerial photographs 항공사진 AFL-CIO 미국노동총연맹산업별노동조합회의 Africa 아프리카 agriculture 농업 Algonquians 알곤킨족 ( 아메리칸인디언부족 ) alike/different 비슷한 / 다른 allegiance 충성 alternative solutions 대안적해결책 altiplano 알티플라노 ( 안데스산맥의고원 ) altitude 고도, 높이 amendment 수정 American democracy: ideals, values/principles of 미국민주주의 : 이상, 가치 / 원칙 American Revolution, the Americas 미국혁명, 미주 Americas 미국 ancestor 조상 Antarctic Circle 남극권 Antarctica 남극대륙 anthem 국가, ( 드물게 ) 송가, 찬송가 appoint 지명하다, 임명하다 appointed leaders 임명된지도자 appointed office 지명직, 임명직 archaeologists 고고학자 Arctic Circle 북극권 areas 지역 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 1

4 arid 불모의 art 예술 artifacts 유물, 가공품 assembly 의회 assembly line 같은줄에서같은작업만함 authority 권위, 당국 autobiographies 자서전 autobiography 자서전 automobiles 자동차 availability 효용성 avenues of participation 참여경로, 참여방법 aztecs 아즈텍인 B B.C. 기원전 backgrounds 배경 barter 물물교환 basic 기본 ( 의 ) basin 분지 Battle of Quebec 퀘벡전투 battles 전투 before/after 전 / 후 belief 신조, 믿음, 신념 belief system 신념체계, 종교 beliefs 신념 Bill of Rights 권리장전 biographies 전기 biography 전기 bodies of water 대량의물 ( 주로대양을가리킴 ) border 국경 Boston Tea Party 보스턴차사건 boundary 경계 boycott 참석거부 ( 하다 ), 배척하다 branches of government 정부기관, 입법, 사법및행정부 British North America Act 영국령북아메리카법 budget 예산 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 2

5 C cabinet 내각 cable 케이블 calendar 달력 campaign 캠페인, 선거운동, 계몽운동 Canada 캐나다 Canadian Bill of Rights 캐나다권리장전 canal 운하 capital (state and money) 자본 ( 지위및돈 ) capital goods 자본재 capital resources 자본 capitalism 자본주의 cardinal directions 방위 ( 동서남북 ) cause 원인 celebrate 축하하다 celebration 축전, 축하 celebrations 축하 census 인구조사 Central America 중앙아메리카, 중미 century 세기 change 변화, 변경 checks and balances 견제와균형 child labor 미성년노동 children 어린이 Chippewa 치페와 ( 아메리칸인디언부족 ) choice 선택 choices 선택 citizen 시민 citizenship 시민권, 국적 civic life 시민생활 civic values 시민가치 civil rights 민권, 공민권 civil rights movement 민권운동 civil wars 내전 civilization 문명 civilizations 문명 clans 씨족, 일족, 당파 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 3

6 classroom 교실 climate 기상, 기후 clothing 의류 collect taxes 세금을징수하다 colonial 식민지의 colonial governments 식민정부 colonies 식민지 colonists 식민주의자 colony 식민지 Committees of Correspondence 연락위원회 common good 공익 commonwealth 공화국, 연방 Commonwealth of Nations 영국연방 communication 통신 communism 공산주의 communities 지역공동체, 커뮤니티 community 지역공동체, 커뮤니티 community service 커뮤니티서비스, 지역사회봉사 compact 협약 compare/contrast 비교하다 / 대조하다 compass 나침반 compromise 타협 ( 하다 ) compulsory education 의무교육 computer 컴퓨터 confederacy 연방 conflict 대립, 갈등 conflict resolution 대립 / 갈등해결 conflicts 분쟁 congress 의회 conquistador 정복자 consequences 결과 conservation 보존, 보호, 항존, 불멸 consideration 고려 Constitution of the State of New York 뉴욕주헌법 Constitution of the United States 미국헌법 constitutional democracy 헌법민주주의, 헌정민주주의 consumer 소비자 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 4

7 consumers 소비자 consumption 소비 consumption of goods 상품소비 continent 대륙 Continental Congress 대륙회의 Continental Divide 대륙분수령 continents 대륙 contour 등고선 contrast 대조 ( 하다 ) contributions 기여, 기부 ( 금 ) cooperation 협동, 협력 costs 비용 cotton belt 미국남부의목화생산지대 credit 크레딧, 신용 criteria 기준 cultural characteristics 문화적특성 cultural contributions 문화적기여 cultural differences 문화적차이 cultural diffusion 문화전파 cultural diversity 문화적다양성 cultural groups 문화그룹 culture 문화 cultures - characteristics, distriubtion, complexity of 문화 - 특성, 분배, 복합성 currency 화폐, 통화 customs 관습 D day 날, 일 ( 日 ) De Witt Clinton 드위트클린턴 decade 10년 decision 결정 decision-making 의사결정 decisions 결정 declaration 선언 Declaration of Independence 독립선언 delta 삼각주, 삼각지대 democracy 민주주의 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 5

8 Democratic Party democratic principles democratic values developed nations developing nations developments diagram diagrams dictatorship different/same direction diseases display disputes distance distribution diverse diversity document due process Dutch colonies Dutch West India Company 민주당민주주의원칙민주주의의가치선진국, 개발국개발도상국개발, 발전그림, 도표, 도해, 다이어그램그림, 도표, 도해, 다이어그램독재주의차이가있는 / 동일한방향질병보이다, 전시하다, 디스플레이, 나타내다논쟁거리분배, 배급다양한다양성문서적법절차, 정당한법의절차네덜란드식민지네덜란드서인도회사 E earn Earth s surface economic economic capital economic concepts economic decision making economic decisions economic development economic factors economic growth economic interdependence economic systems economics economies 벌다, 얻다지구표면경제적인, 경제의경제적자본경제개념경제적의사결정경제적결정경제개발경제요인경제성장경제적상호의존경제체제경제학경제 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 6

9 effects 효과 elect 선출하다, 선거하다 elected leaders 선출된지도자 elected office 선출직 election 선거 Ellis Island 엘리스섬 emigrants 이주자 ( 국외로가는경우 ) empathy 공감 employee 피고용인, 직원, 고용된사람 employer 고용주 encomienda system 엔코미엔다제도 encounter 마주치다, 직면하다 enforce 시행하다 English colonies 영국령식민지 environment 환경 environmental factors 환경적요인 equality 평등, 균등 equality of opportunity 기회의평등 era 시대 eras 시대 ethnic 민족의, 민족적 ethnic group 민족집단 ethnicity 민족, 민족성 Europe 유럽 European encounter and exchanges-of technologies, plants, animals, diseases 유럽인의대륙원주민발견및기술, 식물동물및질병교환 events 이벤트, 행사, 사건 exchange 거래 ( 하다 ), 교환 ( 하다 ) executive 행정 ( 부 ) 의, 행정부 executive branch of government 정부행정부 expansion 확장, 개척 exploitation 개척, 개발, 착취 exploration 탐험 explorers 탐험가 exports 수출품 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 7

10 F facilities fact/opinion factors of production factory family far/near federal federal government festival festivals flag folktale folktales food forced relocation foreign policy foreign relations Fort Orange foundation free enterprise free trade freedom French Canadians French colonies frontier functions of government fundamental economic questions fundamental values future 시설사실 / 의견생산요소공장가족먼 / 가까운연방의연방정부축제축제국기, 깃발민화, 전설민화, 전설음식강제이주국제관계, 외교관계대외정책, 외교정책포트오렌지, 오렌지요새기금, 기초자유기업자유무역자유프랑스계캐나다인프랑스식민지국경지대정부기능근본적인경제질문기초적인가치미래 G game gender generation geographic characteristics geographic factors 게임성별세대지리적특징지리적요인 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 8

11 geographic features geographic features/areas geographic information geography geological processes global warming globe globes goods and services - production, distribution, exchange, consumption of goods govern governance government Great Depression grid Gross Domestic Product Gross National Product groups growth Gulf Stream H habitat Haudenosaunee health hemisphere historic events historical historical evidence historical narratives history Holidays ( Columbus Day, Election Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving, New Years Day, Dr. Martin Luther King Day, Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Flag Day) home hopes 지리적특성 지리적특성 / 지리학적지역 지리적정보 지리, 지리학 지질학적과정 지구온난화 지구 지구 물품및서비스 - 생산, 분배, 교환, 소비 상품, 물품 지배하다, 통치하다 통치, 지배 정부세계대공황 격자, 모눈 국내총생산 (GDP) 국민총생산 (GNP) 그룹, 집단 성장멕시코만류 서식지, 거주환경 이로쿼이족연맹, 하데노사우니 건강 ( 지구의 ) 반구 역사적사건 역사의, 역사적인 역사적증거 역사적서술문 역사 휴일 ( 콜롬버스데이, 선거일, 재향군인의날, 추수감사절, 설날, 마틴루터킹데이, 대통령의날, 현충일, 국기제정기념일 ) 가정, 집 희망 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 9

12 House of Representatives 미국하원 human 인류, 인간 human capital 인적자본 human migration 인류의이동 human migrations 인류의이동 human resources 인적자원 human rights 인권 human settlements 인류의정착 human systems 인류의체제 I ideals of American democracy 미국민주주의의이상 ideas 의견, 생각, 아이디어 identity 정체성 immigrants 이민자 ( 외국으로부터오는경우 ) immigration 이민 important 중요한 imports 수입품 inaugurated confederation 발족된연합, 시작된연방 ( 국 ) Incas 잉카족 income 소득 indentured servant 연한계약노동자 independence 독립 indigenous peoples 원주민 individual 개별적, 개인적 individual rights 개인의권리, 개별적권리 individual rights to life, liberty, pursuit of happiness. 생명, 자유, 행복추구에대한개인의권리 individuals 개인 industrial expansion 산업확장 industrial growth 산업성장 industrial growth/expansion 산업성장 / 확장 Industrial Revolution 산업혁명 industrialization 산업화 industry 산업 inhabitants 거주자 interdependence 상호의존 interdependent 상호의존적인 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 10

13 international organizations interpret law interpret laws interpretations Inuits invention inventions Iroquois Iroquois Confederacy irrigation issues isthmus 국제기구법을해석하다법을해석하다해석이뉴잇족발명발명이로쿼이족이로쿼이연맹관개문제지협 J judgments judicial judicial branch of government judicial branch junta jury jury service justice 판결사법의정부사법부사법기관군사정부 / 군사정권배심원배심원복무정의, 사법, 판사 K kindergarten 유치원 L labor labor force labor movement labor union land formations land masses languages Latin America latitude laws laws/rules leaders 노동노동력노동운동노동조합토지형성대륙언어라틴아메리카위도법, 법률법률 / 규정리더, 지도자 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 11

14 League of Nations learn legal legends legislative branch legislative branch of government legislature liberty library library resources life lifestyle like/dislike limited limited resources limited/unlimited local local government local region location lock locomotive long ago longhouse longitude loyalist loyalty 국제연맹학습하다법적인, 합법적인전설, 지도의범례입법기관정부입법부입법부자유도서관도서관자료인생, 생활라이프스타일, 생활방식선호하다 / 혐오하다, 좋아하다 / 싫어하다제한적인제한적자원제한의 / 무제한의현지의, 지방의현지정부현지지역장소자물쇠, 안전장치, ( 운하강의 ) 수문경제성장의견인차, 운동력이있는, 기관차오래전롱하우스 ( 공동주택 ), 이로쿼이족연합경도왕당파, 영국지지파충성 M maize majority rule make laws manor manufacture manufacturing maps markets mass starvation 옥수수다수결원칙법률을제정하다 ( 봉건시대의 ) 장원, 영지제조하다제조지도시장집단기아 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 12

15 Mayas Mayflower Compact megalopolis member memorials merchant meridians midwest migration migration/immigration millenium millennia mining minority rights, respect for minutemen Mississippi River modernization modify monarchy money months monument monuments motives movement of people and goods multicultural myself myths 마야족메이플라워맹약 (Mayflower Compact) 메갈로폴리스, 거대도시, 인구과밀지대구성원기념비, 기념물상인자오선중서부이주, 이동이주 / 이민밀레니엄, 천년수천년광업소수민족의권리, 존중민병대미시시피강현대화수정하다, 개정하다군주제돈, 화폐월 ( 月 ), 개월기념비기념비동기인간과재화의이동다문화의자신신화 N NAFTA nation national national level of governments nation-state Native American Indian Native American Indians natural resources 북미자유무역협정국가국가의국가적차원의정부국가-주미국원주민인디언미국원주민인디언천연자원 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 13

16 near/far needs neighborhood neutral New Amsterdam New Netherlands northwest passage now nuclear family 가까운 / 먼필요이웃중립의뉴암스테르담뉴네덜란드북서항로지금, 현재핵가족 O OAS objects oceans oligarchy opportunity cost oral history others 미주기구, 비밀군사조직물체대양소수독재정치, 과두정치기회비용 ( 역사적중요인물과의면담에의한 ) 녹음사료기타, 타인 P parallel 평행선 parallels 평행선 parent 부모 Parliament 의회 ( 영국 ) participatory skills 참여기술 past 과거, 과거의 past/present 과거의 / 현재의 patriot 애국자 patriotism 애국주의 patriotisms 애국심 patriots 애국자 patroon 대지주 people 사람들 person 사람 perspectives 전망, 견해, 관점 Peter Stuyvesant 피터스타이브슨 petition 청원, 탄원 physical 물리적인, 신체적인 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 14

17 physical characteristics physical environment physical feature physical features physical map physical setting physical systems places plan pledge Pledge of Allegiance points of view political political boundaries political map political party political power political systems pollution population population density population distribution population movement - rural to urban to suburban - 20th century power practices prairies Preamble to the Constitution present president Prime Meridian Prime Minister principles of democracy problem solving problems producers production 물리적특성물리적환경물리적특징물리적 / 신체적특징물리적지도물리적설정물리적시스템 / 신체시스템장소계획맹세, 서약충성의맹세 (Pledge of Allegiance) 관점정치적정치적경계정치적지도정당정권정치제도오염인구인구밀도인구분포인구이동 - 시골에서도시로, 도시에서도시근교로 - 20세기권력, 힘관습, 업무초원지대헌법전문현재대통령본초자오선수상민주주의원칙문제해결문제생산자, 제조사생산, 제조 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 15

18 productivity 생산성 products 상품, 제품 profit 이윤, 이익, 몫 projects 프로젝트, 연구계획 property 재산, 성질, 법칙 protect 보호 ( 하다 ) protests 주장, 항의 province 지방 public benefit 공공의이익 public education 공교육 purpose of government 정부의목표 pursuit of happiness 행복추구 Q quantities 수량, 양 R race radios railroad rain forest raw material reason receipts recycling reference books reform region regions relationships relief (physical) map religion religious renewable resource repeal representation representative representatives 인종라디오철도우림원료, 원자재이유, 이성, 논리영수증, 수령액재활용참고서개혁지방, 지역지방관계기복 ( 모형 ) 지도종교종교의, 종교적인재생가능자원취소하다, 철회하다대표하원의원, 대표대표자 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 16

19 republic 공화국 Republican Party 공화당 reservation 보류 resources 자원 respect 존중 ( 하다 ) responsibilities 책임 revolution 혁명 Richard Nicholls 리차드니콜스 rights 권리 Robert Fulton 로버트풀턴 role 역할 roles 역할 roles of citizens 시민의역할 roots of American culture 미국문화의근원 rules 법칙, 규칙 rural 시골의, 전원의 rural to urban to suburban migration 시골-도시-도시근교로이주 S sachem ( 인디언의 ) 추장 safeguarding individual liberties 개인자유보장 safety 안전 same/different 동일한 / 상이한, 같은 / 다른 satellite-produced images 위성사진 satisfy 만족시키다 scale 축척, 척도, 저울 scarce resources 희귀자원 scarcity 부족 school 학교 science and technology 과학과기술 scientific/technological exchanges and connections 과학 / 기술교환및연결 seaways 항로, 해로 secondary source 2차자료 security 보안 self 자신, 자아 selling 판매 Senate of the United States 미국상원 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 17

20 separatists services settle settlement settlements settler shape shelter similarities/differences slave slave trade slavery social social/cultural changes and connections socialism societies society solutions solving problems songs Sons of Liberty South America Spanish colonies spatial organization speeches standard of living stars and stripes state state government Statue of Liberty steamboat steamboats stock market stories strategy strengths strike 분리주의자서비스정착하다정착, 식민지, 개척정착, 식민지, 개척이주자, 개척자모양피난처유사성 / 차이점노예노예무역노예제도, 노예신분사회적사회적 / 문화적변화및연결사회주의사회사회해결책문제해결노래자유의아들단남미, 남아메리카스페인식민지공간조직연설생활수준성조기주, 상태주정부자유의여신상증기선증기선주식시장이야기전략장점파업 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 18

21 student rights 학생권리 suburban 교외 / 근교 suburbs 교외 / 근교 subways 지하철 suffrage 투표권, 참정권 supply and demand 수요와공급 supply and demand 4 symbols 수요와공급 4 기호 Supreme Court 대법원 surplus 잉여 symbolize 상징하다 symbols 부호, 상징, 기호 systems 시스템 T tables 표 tariff 관세 tax 세금 taxes 세금 teach 가르치다, 교육하다 teacher 교사 technological 과학기술 ( 의 ) technologies - exchanges of 과학기술 - 교환 technology 테크놀로지, ( 과학 ) 기술 telegraph 전보 television TV tenant farmer 소작농 themes 주제 then/now 그때 / 지금 time 시간 time zones 시간대 timeline 타임라인, 연대표 today 오늘 tolerance 관용, 포용력, 똘레랑스 tomorrow 내일 tools 도구 towpath 예선뱃길 trade 무역 traditions 전통 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 19

22 traffic lights trains traitor transmit transportation transportation revolution treaty trends tribe tributaries Tropic of Capricorn Tropic of Cancer trucks truth tundra turning points turnpike 교통신호등기차반역자송신하다, 발송하다교통, 운송교통혁명조약경향, 추세, 유행부족속국남회귀선북회귀선트럭진리 / 진실툰드라전환점유료화도로 U unify unions unique unite United Nations United States of America unlimited unlimited needs and wants up/down urban urbanization uses of geography 통일하다, 일체화하다노동조합독특한, 고유한통일하다국제연합 (UN) 미합중국무제한무제한적수요와요구위 / 아래도시도시화지리의활용 V values veteran veto village vote 가치재향군인거부권마을투표 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 20

23 voting 투표 W wampum 조가비구슬 ( 화폐, 장식용 ) wants 필수품, 요구 war 전쟁 war strategy 전투전략 water masses 수괴 weaknesses 단점, 약점 week 주 Western Hemisphere 서반구 westward expansion 서부개척 wigwam 인디언오두막집 work 작업, 일 ( 하다 ) worker 노동자 world bank 세계은행 world in spatial terms 공간적개념의세계 writings 작문, 글 Y year yesterday 연도 어제 ALBETAC , T*I-8497 (Korean) 21

THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 Education - P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary,

THE STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT / THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK / ALBANY, NY 12234 Education - P-16 Office of Elementary, Middle, Secondary, Elementary School Level Glossary Social Studies Glossary English / Korean Translation of Social Studies terms based on the Coursework for Social Studies Grades 3 to 5. Word-for-word glossaries are used