<313020B1E8BCBABAC02DC3BBBCD2B3E2C0C720BDBAC6AEB7B9BDBA20B4EBC3B320C7E0B5BFB0FA2E687770>
|
|
- 윤영 남궁
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 17, No. 4 pp , ISSN / eissn 김성봉 1*, 장정임 1 1 제주대학교교육학과 The Relationship between Adolescents Stress Coping Behavior and Gambling Addiction: Mediating effect of belief of Sung-Bong Kim 1*, Jung-Im Jang 1 1 Department of Education, Jeju National University 요약본연구의목적은청소년의스트레스대처행동 ( 문제중심대처, 정서중심대처 ) 이비합리적도박신념을매개로도박중독에미치는영향을알아보는데있었다. 이를위해제주지역고등학생 377명을대상으로연구를진행하였다. 연구가설을검증하기위하여 Baron & kenny의회귀분석 4단계를거쳐매개효과를검증하였고, Sobel Test 를실시하여매개효과에대한유의도를검증하였다. 연구결과를요약하면다음과같다. 첫째, 문제중심대처는도박중독과부적상관관계를보인반면정서중심대처는정적상관관계를보였다. 둘째, 문제중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념은매개역할을하지않는것으로나타났다. 셋째, 정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념이완전매개하는것으로나타났다. 결론적으로정서중심대처는스트레스상황에놓였을때비합리적도박신념을높임으로써도박행동을강화시키는것으로분석되었다. 따라서청소년들의스트레스대처기술을향상시키고비합리적도박신념을합리적으로수정하는프로그램개발이필요하며, 이것이청소년의도박중독을예방할수있는하나의방안이될수있음을시사하고있다. 마지막으로이러한결과에대한제한점및후속연구의방향을제시하였다. Abstract This study examined the effects of adolescents' stress behavior on addiction using the belief of as a mediating variable. For this, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 377 high school students in Jeju. Data processing analysis of the research was verified by Baron & Kenny's regression analysis in 4 phases and a Sobel Test was done to verify the significance level on the mediation effect. The study results can be summarized as follows. First, while problem-focused had a negative (-) correlation with addiction, emotion-focused had a positive (+) correlation with addiction. Second, the belief of had no mediating effects on the relationship between problem-focused and addiction. Third, the belief of had a full mediating effect on the relationship between emotion-focused and addiction. In conclusion, emotion-focused under stress situations would enhance the behavior by increasing the belief of. Therefore, it is necessary to develop programs to improve the adolescents' stress skills and rationally correct their belief of, which will be helpful in preventing adolescents' addiction. The limitations of this study are discussed together with suggestions for future research. Keywords : emotion-focused, addiction, belief of, problem-focused, stress behavior * Corresponding Author : Sung-Bong Kim(Jeju National Univ.) Tel: edutopia@jejunu.ac.kr Received March 30, 2016 Revised (1st April 5, 2016, 2nd April 6, 2016) Accepted April 7, 2016 Published April 30,
2 한국산학기술학회논문지제 17 권제 4 호, 서론사행산업이인터넷환경과접목되면서성인뿐만아니라청소년들의도박접근성이더욱용이해지고있다. 연구에따르면청소년들의도박경험률은 73%~92.5% 로높다 [1]. 그럼에도불구하고, 대다수의청소년들이도박을하지만가끔하는것이고심각한결과를경험하지는않는다는이유로, 청소년도박문제가소홀히다루어지는경향이있다 [2, 3]. 그러나청소년들의 4~9% 가매우심각한도박문제를보이고남자청소년들인경우그비율이더높다는선행연구결과 [4, 1], 그리고인터넷에익숙한청소년들의도박문제는더욱악화될것이라는전망 [5, 6] 은청소년도박은국가사회적차원에서중차대한문제임을극명히보여준다. 청소년들은우리의미래이기때문이다. 청소년기는발달단계상아동기에서성인기로넘어가는과도기로서, 인지적, 정서적, 신체적, 사회심리학적발달에매우중요한시기이다. 그런데이시기의적지않은청소년들이신체변화, 자아정체감형성과정에서오는혼란, 또래집단과의갈등과관련된스트레스, 부모와의갈등으로인한일상생활스트레스, 대학입시와학업으로인한스트레스등매우만성적이고복합적인스트레스에시달리고있다. 청소년들이장기간심한스트레스상황에노출될경우, 흡연, 알코올, 폭력, 가출, 자살등의문제행동을일으키는경향이강하며 [7], 스트레스상황에적절하게대처하지못했을때스트레스는중독과관련된주요한위험요인 [8, 9] 으로작용할수있다. 그중하나가도박중독이다. Gupta와 Derevensky[10] 는청소년문제성도박자와병적도박자가일상의문제와스트레스로부터도피하는한형태로도박을선택하는경향이있다고밝힌바있다. 김현주 [11] 와남전아 [12], 김영경 [7] 이청소년을대상으로한연구에서도스트레스가도박중독에영향을미치는것으로확인되었으며, 그밖의연구에서도스트레스가도박에직접적인영향을미친다는결과가지속적으로보고되고있다 [13, 14]. 청소년의스트레스가비행및중독과관련이있는것은청소년이성인에비해스트레스대처능력이약하고충동적이고부적응적인방법으로스트레스를표출할위험성이높기때문이다 [15]. 한편, 동일한스트레스를경험하더라도그것을받아들이는개인에따라스트레스로인한정서적, 행동적문제에차이가있다 [16] 는연구결과가있는데, 이는스트레스자체가부정적인결과를가져오기보다는스트레스 를주는상황에어떻게대처하느냐하는것이심리사회적결과를달라지게할수있기때문에스트레스대처기제및능력이중요함을시사한다. 이런맥락에서, 청소년들의스트레스상황대처방식과도박중독간에상관이있음을예측해볼수있다. 도박중독에서스트레스대처의중요성은 Sharpe와 Tarrier[17] 의법칙발견적 (heuristic) 모형을통해확인할수있다. 이모형은병리적도박의유발과지속을설명하는가장포괄적인인지행동모형중하나이다. 이모형에따르면, 도박문제유발은빈약한대처기술로중재되며이로인해도박자는도박을과도하게지속하게된다고한다. 다시말해스트레스에취약한사람들이낮은자존감, 알코올남용, 재정적어려움의스트레스상황하에서적절한대처를하지못하고도박이라는방법을택하게되었을때역기능적대처로서병리적도박행동에빠져든다는것이다. 그리고이러한방식이도식으로굳어지게되면도박장면에서승패에상관없이계속해서도박을할수밖에없는악순환에빠지게된다는것이다. 요컨대, 불가피한스트레스상황에서적응적인대처는적극적인문제해결을통해심리사회적으로건강한상태를유지하도록하는반면부적응적대처는스트레스를감소시키기위한대처수단으로서도박을선택할수있으며이는매우매력적인선택으로인식될수있다는것이다 [18]. 스트레스대처를연구한대부분의학자들은성공적으로스트레스에대처했을경우건강한상태를유지할수있지만그렇지못한경우우울등의부정적결과를가져온다는점에서별반이견을보이지않으며적절한스트레스대처를사용하는것의중요성을강조하고있는데 [19]. 이를통해스트레스대처행동과도박중독과의관계연구를통해도박중독경로를이해하고예방및치료적개입방안을모색할필요가있음을알수있다. 스트레스대처와관련한대표적이론으로 Lazarus와 Folkman[20] 이개발한스트레스대처적응이론 (Stress Coping Adaptation Theory) 을들수있다. 이들에따르면, 스트레스원이직접적으로적응에영향을미치는것이아니라인지적평가를거쳐내린결정이대처행동을통해적응에영향을미치게된다고한다. 이들은상황에대한인지적평가에따라개인이취하는대처행동을크게문제중심대처 (problem-focused ) 와정서중심대처 (emotion-focused ) 로나누었다. 문제중심대처는개인이문제행동을변화시키든지환경적조건을변화시켜스트레스의근원에직접적으로영향을미치려는 86
3 노력을의미한다. 따라서문제중심대처는문제해결이나개인과환경간의갈등적관계를변화시키려는책략들이포함된다. 정서중심대처는스트레스와관련되거나스트레스로부터초래되는정서상태를통제하려는노력이다. 따라서정서중심대처에는스트레스의원인을회피하거나스트레스상황을인지적으로재구성하거나상황의긍정적측면에선별적으로주의를기울임으로써정서적고통을완화시키려는책략이주로사용되며즉흥적이고감정적인대응도이에포함된다. 이상과같이스트레스대처행동이도박중독에영향을미친다는것을알수있는데, 그러나그영향력을확인하는작업만으로는도박중독의예방및치료개입의초점을제공하는데한계가있어보인다. 다시말해스트레스대처행동이도박중독에영향을미치는과정에작용하는심리적영향요인에대한보다면밀한분석을한다면도박중독의예방과치료에필요한개입방안들을보다구체적으로모색할수있지않을까하는것이다. 본연구에서는도박중독에영향을미치는심리적요인의하나로비합리적도박신념을상정하려고한다. 비합리적도박신념은병적도박의발병과유지에중요한심리적역할 [21] 을하는변인으로보고되고있다. 이신념은 도박의과정이나결과에대해갖는잘못된인지적기대혹은사고 이다 [22]. 병적도박자들은자신들이돈을따는것은도박기술이뛰어나서그런것으로평가하는반면, 돈을잃은것은운이나빠서그런것으로귀인하는경향이있다 [21, 23]. 결국병적도박의문제는잘못된인지적가정과기대인것이다. 실제여러연구에서비합리적도박신념이높은사람일수록중독수준이높고, 비합리적도박신념이낮은사람일수록그수준이낮은것으로보고되고있다 [11, 22, 24, 25], 이와같이인지적기대가상시적으로도박을하게하는이유와계속된손해에도불구하고도박을지속하게하는과정을잘설명한다는점에서 [26] 청소년들이스트레스상황에대처하는행동에따라도박행동을선택할수있으나지속적이고반복적으로하도록하는데비합리적도박신념이매개역할을할것으로추론된다. 따라서본연구에서는청소년의스트레스대처행동, 도박중독, 비합리적도박신념간의관계를탐색하고, 스트레스대처행동과도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념이매개효과가있는지검증하려고한다. 여기서스트레스대처행동은문제중심대처와정서중심대처로나누어분석할것이다. 2. 연구방법 2.1 연구대상및자료수집절차 본연구의대상표집은제주지역에소재하고있는 30 개고등학교에서 5개교를추출한후학교별학년당 1개학급씩무작위추출하여실시한설문을통해이루어졌다. 2014년 11월 12월사이에해당학교에배포한설문지 500부중 410부가회수되었고 ( 회수률 82%). 이중불성실한응답자료를제외해 377부가최종분석자료였다. 연구대상의일반적특성은 [Table 1] 에있다. Table 1. General Characteristics of participants (N=377) Spec n % Gender Male Female Grade Gambling addiction level nonproblem low-risk moderate-risk problem All 측정도구 스트레스대처행동척도 Carver et al. 가개발한 COPE를사행산업통합감독위원회 [4] 가청소년을대상으로실시한연구의척도를사용하였다. 이척도는문제중심대처 6문항, 정서중심대처 6문항총 12문항의 4점척도 (1점~4점) 이다. 점수가높을수록해당되는대처기제를많이사용하는것을의미한다. 본연구의 Chronbach's α는문제중심대처.841, 정서중심대처.712 였다 도박중독선별척도 Ferris와 Wynne이개발한 CPGI(Canadian Problem Gambling Index) 를사행산업통합감독위원회 [27] 가타당화한 K-CPGI척도를사용하였다. 총 9문항으로, 4점척도 (0점~3점) 로서점수가높을수록도박중독의정도가심한것이다. 본연구의 Chronbach's α는.819였다 비합리적도박신념척도 Steenbergh 의 The Gamblers' Beliefs Questionnaire 87
4 한국산학기술학회논문지제 17 권제 4 호, 2016 및 Langer의통제력착각척도를번안해이흥표가타당화한 비합리적도박신념척도 를권선중등 [28] 이수정한척도를사용하였다. 총 10문항의 5점척도 (1~5점) 로서점수가높을수록비합리적도박신념이높음을나타내며, 본연구의 Cronbach's α는.921였다. 2.3 자료처리 SPSS WIN 18.0을이용하여, 청소년들의도박중독수준을알아보기위한빈도분석, 변인별평균과표준편차, 각변인간 Pearson 상관계수를산출하였다. 스트레스대처행동과도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과분석은 Baron & Kenny[29] 가제안한매개효과검증절차를거쳤으며, Sobel test[30] 로매개효과의유의성을검증하였다. 여기서 Baron과 Kenny의매개효과검증절차는다음과같다. 1단계 : 독립변인이매개변인에유의미한영향을미쳐야하며, 2단계 : 독립변인이종속변인에유의미한영향을미쳐야하며, 3단계 : 매개변인이종속변인에유의미한영향을미쳐야한다. 이때 3단계회귀분석에서독립변수가종속변수에대한효과가유의하지않으면독립변수가매개변수를통해서만영향을주는것이므로완전매개효과 (perfect mediating effect) 가있다. 반면 3단계회귀분석에서종속변수에대한독립변수의효과가유의하고 2단계에서의종속변수에대한독립변수의효과보다작게되면독립변수가종속변수에직접적인영향과매개변수를통한간접적인영향을모두미치는것이므로부분매개효과 (partial mediating effect) 를갖게된다. 3. 연구결과및해석 3.1 변인간상관계수, 평균, 표준편차변인간상관계수와각변인의평균및표준편차를 [Table 2] 에제시하였다. 문제중심대처는도박중독 (r=-.116, p<.01) 과부적상관을보인반면정서중심대처는비합리적도박신념 (r=.127, p<.01) 및도박중독 (r=.090, p<.05) 과정적상관을보였다. 이는정서중심대처를많이할수록도박중독과비합리적도박신념이높다는결과이다. 비합리적도박신념은도박중독과정적상관 (r=.288, p<.01) 을보여비합리적도박신념이높을수록도박중독이심한것으로나타났다. Table 2. Correlation coefficients, means, and standard deviations of main variables (N=377) Variable problem-focused 1 2. emotion-focused.271 ** 1 3. belief of ** 1 4. addiction **.090 *.288 ** 1 M SD *p<.05, *p< 스트레스대처행동과도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과 문제중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과문제중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과를분석한결과인 [Table 3] 을보면, 1단계에서독립변인인문제중심대처가매개변인인비합리적도박신념에유의미한영향을미치지않았다 ( =.002). 2단계에서독립변인인문제중심대처가종속변인인도박중독에부적으로유의미한영향을미쳤다 ( =-.116, p<.01). 마지막 3단계회귀방정식에서매개변인인비합리적도박신념 ( =.288, p<.001) 과독립변인인문제중심대처 ( =-.116, p<.01) 가도박중독에미치는영향력은유의미하였다. Baron과 Kenny[29] 의매개효과분석방법에근거하여, 1단계에서독립변인이매개변인에유의미한영향을미치지않았으므로문제중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념은매개효과가없음을알수있다. Table 3. The mediating effect of belief of in the relationship between problemfocused and addiction (N=377) stage independe nt variable problemfocused problemfocused problemfocused belief of dependent variable belief of addiction addiction *p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 B SE t F ** ** *** ** *** 88
5 3.2.2 정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과를분석한 [Table 4] 를보면, 1단계에서독립변인인정서중심대처가매개변인인비합리적도박신념에정적으로유의미한영향을미쳤으며 ( =.127, p<.01), 2단계에서독립변인인정서중심대처가종속변인인도박중독에정적으로유의미한영향을미치는것으로나타났다 ( =.088, p<.05). 마지막 3단계회귀방정식에서매개변인인비합리적도박신념이도박중독에미치는영향력이 ( =.282, p<.001) 유의미하였고, 독립변인인정서중심대처가도박중독에미치는영향력 ( =.052) 이없는것으로나타나, 비합리적도박신념이정서중심대처와도박중독관계에서완전매개효과가있음을알수있다. Table 4. The mediating effect of belief of in the relationship between emotionfocused and addiction (N=377) stage independen dependen t variable t variable B SE t F emotionfocused emotionfocused emotionfocused belief of *p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 belief of **.016 addiction * addiction *** ** * *** 이매개효과가통계적으로유의한지를검증하기위해 Sobel test를실시한결과인 [Table 5] 를보면, 정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과는통계적으로유의하였다 (z=2.65m p<.01). Table 5. Results of Sobel test route a(sea) b(seb) Zab emotion-focused --> belief of --> addiction.222(.077).840(.124) 2.65 ** **p< 논의및결론이상의분석결과를토대로몇가지를논의하면. 첫째, 문제중심대처는도박중독과부적상관을보였으나정서중심대처는정적상관을보였는데, 이는계획적인문제해결, 문제해결을위해도움요청, 정보수집등스트레스유발원인을직접적으로제거하거나변화시켜문제해결을시도하는청소년일수록도박중독을경험하지않을가능성이높은반면, 회피, 최소화, 거리두기, 부정적사건에서억지로긍정적가치찾아내기와같은전략들을통해스트레스로인한여러가지부정적감정들을조절하는형태의대처행동을하는청소년일수록도박중독을경험할가능성이높음을시사하고있다. 둘째, 비합리적도박신념은도박중독과정적상관을보였는데, 이는도박에대한비합리적신념을갖는청소년이그렇지않은청소년에비해도박에중독될위험성이클수있음을보여주는결과로서비합리적도박신념이도박중독에영향을미치는주요요인이라는선행연구결과들 [7, 22, 23] 을지지하고있다. 셋째, 문제중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과는없었으나문제중심대처는도박중독에부적영향을미치는것으로나타났는데, 이는청소년들이스트레스상황을회피하거나단순히정서적고통을완화하기위해노력하기보다적극적으로스트레스원인을찾고해결하기위해노력할때도박중독의위험성이낮아질수있음을보여주는결과이다. 따라서청소년들을대상으로문제중심스트레스대처기술을가르치거나관련프로그램을처치하는것은이들의도박중독을예방할수있는하나의방안이될수있음을시사하고있다. 넷째, 정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념이완전매개하는것으로나타났는데, 이는청소년들이스트레스상황에놓였을때정서중심대처가도박에대한비합리적신념을높임으로써도박행동을강화시킬수있음을보여주는결과이다. 이러한결과는정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념의매개효과를검증한선행연구를찾아보기어려워직접적인비교는어렵지만, 정서중심대처를하는도박집단이문제중심대처를하는도박집단보다더많은시간을도박에소비하였다는최우림 [31] 의연구결과와비합리적도박신념이도박중독에유의미한영향을미친 89
6 한국산학기술학회논문지제 17 권제 4 호, 2016 다는선행연구들 [7, 24, 25] 과일맥상통하는것으로보인다. 지금까지논의를종합해내릴수있는결론은, 청소년들의스트레스상황에서문제중심대처는도박중독을완화시키는역할을하는반면정서중심대처는비합리적도박신념을매개로도박행동을강화시킬수있다는것이다. 따라서스트레스상황에처한청소년들에게문제중심대처기술을향상시키고비합리적도박신념을합리적으로수정함으로써궁극적으로도박중독을효과적으로예방할수있는프로그램을개발하는작업은향후연구과제로중요한의미가있을것이다. 물론본연구에서도박중독에영향을미치는심리적요인으로상정한비합리적도박신념외의심리적, 사회적, 신경생물학적요인들도함께고려한프로그램개발이라면더욱바람직할것이다. 본연구가청소년의정서중심대처와도박중독과의관계에서비합리적도박신념이매개효과가있음을처음검증하였다는데연구의의미를둘수있으나, 본연구의결과는특정지역의고등학생들을대상으로분석한것이므로일반화에신중을기해야할것이다. 한편, 본연구에서는연구대상의도박중독수준을고려하지않고도박중독선별척도의합산점수를토대로매개효과를검증하였다. 이선별척도는비문제성, 저위험, 중위험, 문제성으로구분할수있는척도인데추후연구에서이와같은 4수준으로집단을나누어매개효과를검증해본다면도박중독예방및치유프로그램개발을위한보다정교하고풍부한자료를얻을수있을것이다. References [1] J. I. Jang, S. B. Kim. "A Survey Research on Adolescent Gambling Behavioral Characteristics and Level of Gambling Addiction in Jeju Area", Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 21, 3, , [2] P. Gupta, J. L. Derevensky, "Adolescents with problems: From research to treatment. Journal of Gambling Studies", 16, , DOI: [3] H. J. Shaffer, M. N. Hall, "Estimating the prevalence of adolescent disorders: A quantitative synthesis and guide toward standard nomenclature", Journal of Gambling Studies, 12, , DOI: [4] The National Gambling Control Commission, "Program Development for Gambling Addiction Prevention-for a youth", The National Gambling Control Commission, [5] M. Griffiths, "Factor in problem adolescent fruit machine : Result of small postal survey, Journal of Gambling Studies, 9, 1, 31-45, DOI: [6] J. K. Kweon, "A Study on Youth Internet Gambling Game Behavior and Policy Suggestion", Department of Youth Education and Leadership Graduate School, Myongji University, [7] Y. K. Kim, "Mediational Effects of Internet Addiction and Irrational Gambling Belief on the Association between Adolescents' Stress and Gambling Behaviors in Present and Future", The Korea Journal of Counseling and psychotherapy, 24, 1, , [8] L. Steinberga, A. Tremblaya, M. Zacka, U. E. Bustoa, L. A. Zawertailoa, "Effects of stress and alcohol cues in men with and without problem and alcohol use disorder", Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 119, 1-2, 46-55, [9] E. Tschibelu, I. Elman, "Gender differences in psychosocial stress and its relationship to urges in individuals with pathological ", Journal of Addictive Diseases, 30, 81-87, DOI: [10] P. Gupta, J. L. Derevensky, "Adolescents behavior: A prevalence study and examination of the correlates associated with problem ", Journal of Gambling Studies, 14, , DOI: [11] H. J. Kim, "A Study of the factors influencing adolescent behavior", Department of social welfare, Graduate School Chungnam National University Daejeon, Korea, [12] J. A. Nam, "The Mediating Effect of Impulsiveness and The Moderating Effect of Mother Attachment on the Relationship between Stress and Adolescent Gambling Behavior", Clinical of Psychology The Graduate School of Sungshin Women's University, [13] A. N. Berge, R. H. Pietrzak, N. M. Petry, "Pre/early adolescent onset of and Psycosocial problem in treatment-seeking pathological rs", Journal of Gambling Studies, 22, 3, , DOI: [14] J. I. Jang, I. N. Yoon, S. B. Kim, "The Relationship between the Stress and Gamble Addiction in College Students: Test of Moderating Effect of Self-control", Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 21, 11, , [15] J. S. Hahm, M. H. Hyun, Y. S. Lim, "The effect of Stress, Significant others` smoking and smoking belief on smoking behavior in adolescents", The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 11, 1, , [16] Y. I. Kang, "The Relationships between the Attachment of Multicultural Families Children to Mothers and theirs Psychosocial Adjustments: The Intervening Effects of Acculturation Stresses and Negative Coping Mechanisms", Department of Education Graduate School Dankook University, [17] L. Sharpe, N. Tarrier, "Towards a cognitive-behavioral theory of problem ", British Journal of 90
7 Psychiatry, 162, , DOI: [18] Coman, Burrows & Evans, "Stress and anxiety as factors in the onset of problem : Implications for treatment", Stress Medicine, 13, , DOI: 13:4<235::AID-SMI748>3.0.CO;2-4 [19] A. G. Billings, R. A. Moos, "The role of responses and social resources in attenuating the stress of life events", Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4, , DOI: [20] R. S. Lazarus, S. Folkman, "Stress, appraisal, and ", New york: Mcgraw-Hill, [21] T. Toneatto, Cognitive psychopathology of problem, Substance Use and Misuse, 34, , DOI: [22] H. P. Lee, "The Relationship of Irrational Gambling Belief, Gambling Motive, and Risk Taking with Pathological Gambling", Department of Psychology Graduate School of Korea University, [23] R. Ladouceur, & R. Walker, A cognitive perspective on, In PM Salkovskis(Ed), trend in Cognitine add Behavioral Therapies (pp ), NY: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, [24] J. N. Yang, E. J. Choi, M. H. Lee, Y. So, "Depression, Impulsive Behaviour and Family Health Factors Affects Irrational Belief of Gambling and Gambling Behaviour of Young People", Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 18, 5, , [25] H. Y. Lee, D. H Lim, H W Kim, "The Effects of Impulsiveness, Stress, Gamblers` Beliefs, and Parents Attachment on Gambling of Male and Female Middle School Students", Journal of Adolescent welfare, 16, 3, , [26] I. H. Yi, The Relationship between Types of Casino Gambling Activities, Gender, Gambling Problems, and Psychological Characteristics in a Korean Casino Gambler Sample: Cognitive and Personality Determinants, The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 2, , [27] The National Gambling Control, "Commission. Study on Gambling use", The National Gambling Control Commission, [28] S. J. Kwon, K. H. Kim, J. O. Choi, "Awareness of Gambling and Predictors of Gambling Behavior in Children", The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 11, 1, , [29] M. A. Baron, D. Kenny, "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, , DOI: [30] M. Sobel, "Asymptotic confidence intervals for indirect effects in structural equations models", In S. Leinhart(Ed.), Sociological metholology (pp ), San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, DOI: [31] W. R. Choi, "The Effect of Stress and Coping on Gambling Behaviors: Affinity to Pathological Gambling and Chasing", Department of Psychology Graduate School, Kangwon National University, 김성봉 (Sung-Bong Kim) [ 정회원 ] < 관심분야 > 도박중독, 긍정심리학 1994 년 8 월 : 한양대학교대학원교육학과 ( 교육학석사 ) 2004 년 2 월 : 한양대학교대학원교육학과 ( 교육학박사 ) 2005 년 3 월 ~ 현재 : 제주대학교교육대학원교육학과교수 장정임 (Jung-Im Jang) [ 정회원 ] < 관심분야 > 교육심리, 상담심리, 도박중독 2009 년 8 월 : 제주대학교교육대학원교육학과상담심리전공 2014 년 8 월 : 제주대학교대학원교육학과박사과정수료 2006 년 3 월 ~ 현재 : 제주대학교교육학과강사 91
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Mediating Eff
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.159-177 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.159 * The Mediating Effects of Self-esteem on the Relationship between Social
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: 3 * Effects of 9th
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.357-378 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.357 3 * Effects of 9th Grade Students Participation in Career Curriculum Cluster
More information27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( :
27 2, 17-31, 2009. -, * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** (: dminkim@cau.ac.kr) 18 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. Ⅰ. (,,, 2004). (,, 2006).,,, (Myrick,
More information歯14.양돈규.hwp
: The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy 2003. Vol. 15, No. 3, 615-631. 1 2 3 1,410.,, ( ),., ( 69%),.,, ( ), ( ).,,.., ( ).,. :,,. :, (390-711) 21-1, : 043-649-1362 E-mail : ydk9498@hanmail.net
More information상담학연구 * ,. SAS,,, Sobel test., (,, ), (, ), (, ) (,, ).,,,.,.. * (Corresponding Author): / / / Tel: / j
*. 4 312,. SAS,,, Sobel test., (,, ), (, ), (, ) (,, ).,,,.,.. * 2015. (Corresponding Author): / / 516 2870 2307 / Tel: 064-754-0350 / E-mail: jmb0024@hanmail.net (, 2011).,., (, 1997).,,, (, 1997) (,
More information,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006;
,,.. 400,,,,,,.,,, -, -, -., 3.. :, Tel : 010-9540-0640, E-mail : sunney05@hanmail.net ,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012).
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
e- 비즈니스연구 (The e-business Studies) Volume 17, Number 1, February, 28, 2016:pp. 293~316 ISSN 1229-9936 (Print), ISSN 2466-1716 (Online) 원고접수일심사 ( 수정 ) 게재확정일 2015. 12. 04 2015. 12. 24 2016. 02. 25 ABSTRACT
More information歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF
The Korean Journal of Counseling 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, 423-434,. 4 5 18 9, 9.,,,,,.,,, t-.. :,,, (,, 1996),.,,. (, 2001),... 88 98 2000, 88 12.5%(250 )98 35.6%(712 )2.8 (,,, 2001) (Corresponding Author)
More information27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( :
27 2, 1-16, 2009. * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: jjhkim@cau.ac.kr) 2 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009 Ⅰ.,. 2008 3,536, 10 99.9% (, 2008). PC,, (, 2007). (, 2008),.,
More information歯유성경97.PDF
The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy 2003. Vol. 15, No. 3, 567-580,,. Kiesler. 267 30% (75 ) 30%(81 ).,,,.,.,... :,,,. :, (120-750) 11-1, : 02-3277-3911 E-mail : skyoo@ewha.ac.kr - 567- Freud(1928)
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: * The Structural Rel
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.73-91 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.73,, * The Structural Relationship among Autonomy Support, Social Support, Achievement
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: * Strenghening the Cap
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.27-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.27 * Strenghening the Capacity of Cultural Arts Required in Special Education
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Study on the Pe
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.405-425 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.405 * A Study on the Perceptions and Factors of Immigrant Background Youth
More informationA Study on the Relationships between Self-Differentiation and Adaptability Factors for Senior Dementia Patients Care Givers Department of Social Welfare, Seoul Welfare Graduate University Full-time Lecturer
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: * The
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.243-268 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.243 * - 2001 2015 - The Research Trends on Peer Counseling in Elementary and
More informationKor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의
RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 한국 중년 여성의 라이프스타일이 메이크업 추구이미지와 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향 주영주 1 *, 이순희 2 1 서경대학교대학원미용예술학과, 2 신성대학교 미용예술계열 The Effects of The Life Style for Korean Middle Aged Women on
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: The Effect of Caree
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.325-349 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.325 The Effect of Career Preparation Behavior Before and After Major Transitions
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social
More information278 경찰학연구제 12 권제 3 호 ( 통권제 31 호 )
여성경찰관의직업윤리의식결정요인분석 * An Analysis of Determinantal Factors Influencing Professional Ethical Standards of South Korean Police Women 신문희 ** 이영민 *** Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 이론적배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과 Ⅴ. 결론 Ⅰ. 서론 278 경찰학연구제 12
More information경찰공무원의사회적지지와직무열정과의관계에서자아탄력성의매개효과 경찰공무원의사회적지지와직무열정과의관계에서자아탄력성의매개효과 * The Mediating Effect of Social Support on the Relationship between Ego-Resiliency
경찰공무원의사회적지지와직무열정과의관계에서자아탄력성의매개효과 경찰공무원의사회적지지와직무열정과의관계에서자아탄력성의매개효과 * The Mediating Effect of Social Support on the Relationship between Ego-Resiliency and Job Enthusiasm in the Police 차례 윤현석 ** Ⅰ. 서론 1)
More information230 한국교육학연구 제20권 제3호 I. 서 론 청소년의 언어가 거칠어지고 있다. 개ㅅㄲ, ㅆㅂ놈(년), 미친ㅆㄲ, 닥쳐, 엠창, 뒤져 등과 같은 말은 주위에서 쉽게 들을 수 있다. 말과 글이 점차 된소리나 거센소리로 바뀌고, 외 국어 남용과 사이버 문화의 익명성 등
청소년의 개인, 가정, 학교변인에 따른 비교육적 언어 사용의 차이 229 한국교육학연구 제20권 제3호 The Korea Educational Review 2014. 10. Vol.20. No.3. pp.229-251. 1) 청소년의 개인, 가정, 학교변인에 따른 비교육적 언어 사용의 차이* 강기수 조규판(동아대학교) [요 약] 본 연구의 목적은 청소년의 개인변인인
More information가족스트레스와 가정생활만족도 간의 관계에서 자아분화의 매개효과
*,,,.,,. 196 SPSS 21.0.,,,, 4..,.,,.. *, 2014 (NRF-2014S1A3A2044196). :,, (136-701) 5 Tel : 02-3290-2306, E-mail : leesang@korea.ac.kr (2013), 40-59 32.1% 3 1., OECD 1 40-50 37.2%., 2004 44.8% 2010 36%,
More information서론 34 2
34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of
More information:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( )
:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α=.83.91.,.,,..,,,.,. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ..,.,.,. Bandura(1997),.,,,,., (,,, 2009), (,,,, 2014).?.,,,.. Bandura (1995) (Resiliency
More information- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing
More information한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구
한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -
More information., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5,
* 4.,, 3,,, 3,, -., 3, 12, 27, 20. 9,,,,,,,,. 6,,,,,. 5,,,,.. * (2016),. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-225-4496 / E-mail: jnj1015@jj.ac.kr ., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), 2000. 2015 () 65, 4 51,
More information교육치료연구 SNS : SNS SNS SNS SNS, SNS, SNS. SPSS MACRO SNS., SNS SNS. SNS, SNS,. SNS SNS,. (2016) (Corresponding Author) : / / 608 / Tel:
SNS : SNS SNS SNS. 1 3 307 SNS, SNS, SNS. SPSS MACRO SNS., SNS SNS. SNS, SNS,. SNS SNS,. (2016) (Corresponding Author) : / / 608 / Tel: 02-3290-2306 / Email: leesang@korea.ac.kr SNS. SNS (Social Network
More information<BFCFBCBA30362DC0B1BFECC3B62E687770>
韓 國 保 健 看 護 學 會 誌 Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing Volume 26. No. 2, 248-257, August 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5932/jkphn.2012.26.2.248 중심단어 : 남자대학생, 성의식, 성태도 남자대학생의 성의식과 성태도 * 김 상 희 ** 윤 우 철 ***
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina
More informationuntitled
Original Article Experiences of Unwed Mothers Choi, Yang-Ja 1) Kim, Kwuy-Bun 2) 1) Professor, Redcross College of Nursing, 2) Professor, Kyung Hee University, College of Nursing Science 1) 2) 1) 2) Purpose:
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: 3 * The Effect of H
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.577-601 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.577 3 * The Effect of Home-based Activities Using Traditional Fairy Tales
More information- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -
More informationhttp://www.kbc.go.kr/pds/2.html Abstract Exploring the Relationship Between the Traditional Media Use and the Internet Use Mee-Eun Kang This study examines the relationship between
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A S
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.461-487 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.461 * - 2008 2018 - A Study on the Change of Issues with Adolescent Problem
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: * The Grounds and Cons
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.63-81 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.63 * The Grounds and Consequences of the Elementary School Teachers' Trust Formation
More information<BAB8B0C7B1B3C0B0B0C7B0ADC1F5C1F8C7D0C8B8C1F632392D312E687770>
保 健 敎 育 健 康 增 進 學 會 誌 第 29 卷 第 1 號 (2012. 3) pp. 27-38 Korean J Health Educ Promot, Vol.29, No.1(2012) 청소년이 지각하는 경제적 어려움이 성매매태도에 미치는 영향 - 성평등의식과 성주체성의 조절효과를 중심으로 신정이*, 황혜원**, 박현순*** * 순천향대학교 부속 천안병원 **
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Study on Teache
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.149-171 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.149 * A Study on Teachers and Parents Perceptions on the Introduction of Innovational
More information<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770>
기혼 여성이 사이버대학에서 상담을 전공하면서 겪는 경험 방기연 (고려사이버대학교 상담심리학과 부교수) * 요 약 본 연구는 기혼 여성의 사이버대학 상담전공 학과 입학에서 졸업까지의 경험을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한 다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 하고, 합의적 질적 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 입학 전 에 연구참여자들은 고등교육의 기회를
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: NCS : G * The Analy
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.133-158 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.133 NCS : G * The Analysis of the Cognitive Level of Basic Job Skills of Specialized
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Effect of Paren
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.95-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.95 * The Effect of Parent Education Program Using Action Learning on Family
More information지난 2009년 11월 애플의 아이폰 출시로 대중화에 접어든 국내 스마트폰의 역사는 4년 만에 ‘1인 1스마트폰 시대’를 눈앞에 두면서 모바일 최강국의 꿈을 실현해 가고 있다
: * 30~40.,, 30~40 646.,..,.,.,,,.. * (2014) 30~40. :,, (120-728) 34 Tel : 02-300-0899, E-mail : hyhong@mju.ac.kr 2009 11 4 1 1, (2014) 2014 8 4,000. (, 2012).. (2013) 77.4%, 53.9%. 61.6%, 11.5%, 1% (,
More information05_최운선_53~67,68.hwp
Journal of Korean Home Management Association ISSN(print) 1229-1331 Vol.30 No.6 Serial No.120 2012.12 http://dx.doi.org/10.7466/jkhma.2012.30.6.053 국제결혼 한국인 남성의 결혼생활 대처전략에 관한 연구* The Coping Strategy of
More information- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:21~34 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/19, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] With the development of the Internet,
More information노동경제논집 38권 3호 (전체).hwp
: * ** *** 2010 (,,, )..,,,.,..,. : 2015 7 29, : 2015 9 18, : 2015 9 21 *. (, 2015). 2013. ** ( 1 ) (cau1017hj@gmail.com) *** ( ) (ckang@cau.ac.kr) 勞動經濟論集第 卷第 號???.,. 2010, 2012 10,., (, ).,..,...,..,
More information012임수진
Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar
More information. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( )
. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ,. (, 2011),, 1980 5 49.9%, 4 (20.3%). 1985, 5 (39.0%), 4 (25.3%).
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: : - Qualitative Met
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.369-397 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.2.201806.369 : - Qualitative Meta-Synthesis on Child-Nurturing Experiences of Female
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: * Review of Research
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.79-102 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.79 * Review of Research Trends on Curriculum for Students with Severe and multiple
More information다문화 가정의 부모
영유아아동정신건강연구 Korean Journal for Infant Mental Health 2013, Vol. 6, No. 1, 57-84 영유아기정서및행동문제에대한 부모와일반교사의인식및지원욕구조사 - 57 - 영유아아동정신건강연구 6 권 1 호 - 58 - 영유아기정서및행동문제에대한부모와일반교사의인식및지원욕구조사 - 59 - 영유아아동정신건강연구 6 권
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: An Exploratory Stud
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.423-441 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.423 An Exploratory Study on the Improvement of Democratic Consultative Culture
More information서론
- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - - 20 - - 21 - - 22 - - 23 - - 24 - -
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: * Meta Analysis : T
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.289-314 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.289 * Meta Analysis : Trends and Effects of Art-Therapy with Clay Purpose:
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Research Trend
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.295-318 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.295 * A Research Trend on the Studies related to Parents of Adults with Disabilities
More information-07-......
A Depth Interview on Qualification, Role, and Professionalism of Infant/Toddler Teachers Department of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University Associate Professor : Ahn, Sun Hee Department of Early
More information특수교육논총 * ,,,,..,..,, 76.7%.,,,.,,.. * 1. **
특수교육논총 *. 257..,,,,..,..,, 76.7%.,,,.,,.. * 1. ** (eun67@dankook.ac.kr) .,,,,,,,,,, (,, 2014)., (,, 2007)....,,,, (,, 2014).. (2003)...,,, (Baron-Cohen, O Riordan, Stone, Jone, & Plaisted, 1999; Hobson,
More information, : *,,. 248 ( ), ( ), ( ),,,. < <, (4 ).,.,,.,,,.,. * :,, 201 Tel : ,
, : *,,. 248 ( ), ( ), ( ),,,. <
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: The Effects of Pare
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.159-180 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.159 The Effects of Parenting Attitude on Aggression and Sense of School Community
More information저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할
저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할수없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는이저작물을개작, 변형또는가공할수없습니다. 귀하는, 이저작물의재이용이나배포의경우,
More information232 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 I. 서 론 1. 연구의 배경 및 목적 사회가 다원화될수록 다양성과 복합성의 요소는 증가하게 된다. 도시의 발달은 사회의 다원 화와 밀접하게 관련되어 있기 때문에 현대화된 도시는 경제, 사회, 정치 등이 복합적으로 연 계되어 있어 특
한국도시행정학회 도시행정학보 제25집 제4호 2012. 12 : pp.231~251 생활지향형 요소의 근린주거공간 분포특성 연구: 경기도 시 군을 중심으로* Spatial Distribution of Daily Life-Oriented Features in the Neighborhood: Focused on Municipalities of Gyeonggi Province
More information상담학연구. 10,,., (CQR).,,,,,,.,,.,,,,. (Corresponding Author): / / 567 Tel: /
. 10,,., (CQR).,,,,,,.,,.,,,,. (Corresponding Author): / / 567 Tel: 063-270-2746 / E-mail : tgeunmi@jbnu.ac.kr . 2,... 2011 (, 2011), (, 2010),., (, 2004;, 2011). (,, 2006), (,, 2005; Yalom & Leszcz, 2005:
More information<353420B1C7B9CCB6F52DC1F5B0ADC7F6BDC7C0BB20C0CCBFEBC7D120BEC6B5BFB1B3C0B0C7C1B7CEB1D7B7A52E687770>
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 13, No. 2 pp. 866-871, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.2.866 증강현실을 이용한 아동교육프로그램 모델제안 권미란 1*, 김정일 2 1 나사렛대학교 아동학과, 2 한세대학교 e-비즈니스학과
More informationIssue 두 가지 상대적 관점에서 검토되고 있다. 특히, 게임 중독에 대한 논의는 그 동안 이를 개인의 심리적 차원에서 접근해왔던 것에서 벗어나 청소년에 대한 사회문화 및 정보 리터러시(literacy) 교육의 방향이라든 지 나아가 게임중독과 관련한 사회구조적인 또는
ISSUE ANALYSIS 게임중독인가? 몰입인가? - 진흥과 중독예방의 상대적 비교 관점에서 최정일 / 숭실대학교 경영학부 교수, (사)미디어미래연구소 부소장, jichoi1009@naver.com 1. 서 언 온라인 및 모바일 접속 환경이 급속히 보편화됨에 따라 특정 미디 어와 어플리케이션(applications)을 오랫동안 그리고 지속적으로 사 용함으로써
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: : * A Study on the
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.207-227 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.207 : * A Study on the Relationship between Parental Overprotection and College
More information도비라
광고학연구 : 제24권 5호(2013년) The Korean Journal of Advertising, Vol.24, No.5 (2013). pp.99 116 대학생 광고공모전이 광고업계 취업에 미치는 영향: 대학생과 실무자의 인식 비교를 중심으로 차 유 철 우석대학교 광고이벤트학과 교수, 언론학박사 이 희 복 상지대학교 언론광고학부 교수, 언론학박사* 신
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: * Relationship Betw
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.149-168 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.149 * Relationship Between Planned Happenstance Skills and Career Adaptability
More information상담학연구,, SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / / Tel: /
,,. 164 -. SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / 1 11 404 / Tel: 02-880-7636 / E-mail: dikimedu@snu.ac.kr ...,,, (, 2012),, (,,, 2012a, 2012b;,, 2011;, 2011;,, 2010). (, 2013;, 2012;, ;
More informationLumbar spine
Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical
More informationApparel Purchase Behaviors and Image Preferences of Preteen Girls and Their Mothers: Considering Preteen Girls BMI and Body Image Department of Home Economics Education, Pai Chai University Assistant Professor
More information. (2013) % % 2. 1% (,, 2014).. (,,, 2007). 41.3% (, 2013). (,,,,,, 2010)... (2010),,, 4.,.. (2012), (2010),., (,, 2009).... (, 2012).
:,. (NYPI) (KCYPS) 2011~2013 1 2 ( 2 ), 1 3 ( 3 ), 1 4 ( 1 ) (N=2,178).,.,,,.,..,..,. :,, (110-745) 25-2 E-mail : yoonsunhan@skku.edu . (2013) 2011 9.0% 2000 3.5% 2. 1% (,, 2014).. (,,, 2007). 41.3% (,
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: : A basic research
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.379-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.379 : A basic research for the after-school forest activities program models:
More information<31372DB9CCB7A1C1F6C7E22E687770>
미래지향 고령친화 주거디자인을 위한 예비노인층의 라이프스타일 특성 Characteristics of Lifestyle of the Pre-Elderly for Future Elderly-friendly Housing Design 류 혜 지 청운대학교 인테리어디자인학과 교수 Ryu hye-ji Dept. of Interior Design, Chungwoon University
More information저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할
저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할수없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는이저작물을개작, 변형또는가공할수없습니다. 귀하는, 이저작물의재이용이나배포의경우,
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: * The Effect of Boa
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.195-217 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.195 * The Effect of Board Game Play Large Group Activities on Children's Sociability
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: IPA * Analysis of Perc
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.45-72 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.2.201806.45 IPA * Analysis of Perception and Needs on Teaching Competencies of Faculty
More information-09-......
A Study of the Influence of Situational Emotional Factors on Impulsive Buying in Duty-Free Shops Department of Home Economics Education, Dongguk University Lecturer : Joo Won, Jung Doctoral Student : So
More informationA Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * A Study on the Resea
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.25-46 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.25 * A Study on the Research Trends of College Students' Leadership in Korea
More information,......
The Impact of Personal Traits, Family Characteristics, and Job Satisfaction on the Psychological Well-Being of Middle Aged Men from the Baby Boomer Generation Working in Large Corporations Department of
More information인문사회과학기술융합학회
Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015), pp.631-648 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.08.77 보육의 위기적 현상과 재난안전관리의 문제점 조망
More information8(2)-4(p ).fm
w wz J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 8«2y, 2006 Vol. 8, No. 2, pp.177-182(2006) x w e w 1) Á Ÿ 1) Á»û 2) 1) ƒm w q w 2) w w w The Effect of Media on Taking Plastic Surgery Chong-Hee Yun 1), Su-Kwang Sung 1) and
More information레이아웃 1
Disability & Employment 2011. 8. 제21권 제3호(통권 72호) pp.209~238 장애인의 직업재활을 위한 자기표현력 향상에 관한 집단미술치료 사례연구 임혜숙 서울사회복지대학원대학교 사회복지학과 교수 요 약 본 연구에서는 장애인의 직업재활동기를 강화시키고 지속시키는데 필요한 자기표현력 향상을 위한 집단미술치료의 영향에 관하여 사례연구를
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: Parents Perception
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.493-517 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.493 Parents Perception and Expectation on the Parent Consultation of Students
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * The Participant Expe
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.17-40 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.17 * The Participant Experiences and Expectations of Pre-service Teachers for
More information<30382E20B1C7BCF8C0E720C6EDC1FD5FC3D6C1BEBABB2E687770>
정보시스템연구 제23권 제1호 한국정보시스템학회 2014년 3월, pp. 161~184 http://dx.doi.org/10.5859/kais.2014.23.1.161 베이비붐세대의 디지털라이프 지수* 1) 권순재**, 김미령*** Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 기존문헌 연구 2.1 베이비붐세대의 현황과 특성 2.2 베이비붐의 세대이 정보화 연구 Ⅲ. 연구내용 및 방법 Ⅳ.
More information#Ȳ¿ë¼®
http://www.kbc.go.kr/ A B yk u δ = 2u k 1 = yk u = 0. 659 2nu k = 1 k k 1 n yk k Abstract Web Repertoire and Concentration Rate : Analysing Web Traffic Data Yong - Suk Hwang (Research
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: A Study on Organizi
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.441-460 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.441 A Study on Organizing Software Education of Special Education Curriculum
More informationKor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타
RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of
More informationTHE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)
THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method
More informationA Sense of Self-identity in Elementary School Children of Multi-cultural Families: The relations between the Maternal Mother s Behaviors and the Children s School Satisfaction Department of Child & Family,
More information인문사회과학기술융합학회
Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015), pp.333-342 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.08.73 여대생의 건강위험행위 구조모형 전정희 1) A
More informationDBPIA-NURIMEDIA
The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:3~20 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/27, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] This study aims to comprehensively analyze
More information歯1.PDF
200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)
More informationJournal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.201-229 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.201 * Experiences of After-school Class Caring by Married Early Childhood
More information02양은용
The filial piety of Won-Buddhism in the tradition of filial piety Yang, Eun-Yong Dept. of Korean Culture, Wonkwang University Keyword : Filial piety, Fourfold Grace, the grace of parents, Xiao Jing (),
More information- 1 -
- 1 - External Shocks and the Heterogeneous Autoregressive Model of Realized Volatility Abstract: We examine the information effect of external shocks on the realized volatility based on the HAR-RV (heterogeneous
More information