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1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The characteristics of medical students personality types and interpersonal needs Yera Hur 1, A-Ra Cho 2 and Sun Kim 2 1 Faculty Development & Mentoring Center, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, and 2 Department of Medical Education, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 의과대학학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성 1 건양대학교의과대학교수개발및멘토링센터, 2 가톨릭대학교의과대학의학교육학과 허예라 1, 조아라 2, 김선 2 Purpose: Medical students personality types and interpersonal needs must be considered. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of personality types and interpersonal needs. Methods: A total of 171 students in Konyang University College of Medicine were examined using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation Behavior (FIRO-B). The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, and one-sample proportion test. Results: The proportion of the 4 pairs of MBTI dimensions were Extroversion (E)-Introversion (I) (53.2% vs. 46.8%), Sensing (S)- Intuition (N) (63.2% vs. 36.8%), Thinking (T)-Feeling (F) (59.7% vs. 40.4%), and Judging (J)-Perceiving (P) (56.1% vs. 43.9%). The predominant personality types were ISTJ (16.4%), ESTJ (14.0%), and ESFJ (10.5%). The level of interpersonal needs were medium rage that was inclusion (mean=8.1), control (mean=8.8), affection (mean=8.1), expressed behavior (mean=12.1), wanted behavior (mean=12.9), and overall interpersonal needs (mean=25.0). Of the basic social needs, males and females differed significantly with regard to control needs (p=0.028). Conclusion: Educational programs that take into account personality types and characteristics of interpersonal needs are crucial in providing effective medical education. Our results suggest that the characteristics of personality types and interpersonal needs should be considered in developing an interpersonal relations improvement program for medical students. Key Words: Medical students, Personality types, Interpersonal needs, Interpersonal relationship, Personality inventory, Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation Behavior Received: July 25, 2013 Revised: August 30, 2013 Accepted: October 10, 2013 Corresponding Author: Sun Kim Department of Medical Education, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel: Fax: skim@catholic.ac.kr Korean J Med Educ 2013 Dec; 25(4): pissn: X eissn: C The Korean Society of Medical Education. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 309
2 Yera Hur, et al : The characteristics of medical students personality types and interpersonal needs 서론 특수조직인병원은질병양상의급속한변화와대규모화로점점세분화, 전문화된인력구조로구성되어역할의다양성과이질성이증가함에따라구성원간의갈등및역할수행상에어려움이더해지고있다 [1]. 이런이유로의사가되기위한준비단계에있는의과대학생들은자신의행동특성을잘이해하고, 다른사람과바람직한대인관계를맺을수있는능력을키우는것이다른직업군에비해더욱중요하다는인식이점차확산되고있으며 [2], 이미다양한국가의의학교육기관에서구체적인움직임으로나타나고있다. 예를들어미국의세계의학교육연구소 (Institute for International Medical Education) 는의과대학이공통적으로달성해야하는최소한의졸업성과를개발하였는데이가운데전문가적태도와행동, 의사소통기술영역을포함하고있다 [3]. 영국의의사협의회 (General Medical Council) 역시 2006년 Good Medical Practice 에서좋은의사에대한정의를내리며 68개의핵심역량을규정하였는데이가운데환자와의관계, 동료와의협력을별개영역으로설정하고 2009년 Tomorrow's Doctor를개정하면서는환자와의소통, 다직종간의협력과관련한역량을구체적인졸업성과로안내하였다 [4,5]. 우리나라학생들은대학에입학과동시에이전의수동적인생활에서벗어나갑작스런자율권을획득하게되면서독립된개인으로서사회에적응하는데심리적부담을느끼고 [6] 정서적인어려움을호소하며대인관계의질을향상시키지못하는경우가많다 [7]. 특히의과대학생들은자기중심성, 통제지배, 사회적억제수준이높은반면자기희생, 과관여수준은낮은대인관계문제특성을보여이와관련한어려움을겪을가능성이있으며 [2], Choi et al. [8] 의연구는의과대학생들이임상실습과정중의사중심적인태도를보이며환자와정보를공유하고의학적결정을함께내리려는태도가부족하다보고하여의과대학생들의대인관계문제특성이실제진료장면에까지영향을미칠수있음을시사해주고있다. 따라서의과대학은의과대학생들이바람직한대인관계를형성해나가는데도움을줄수있는교육과정이나상담프로그램을개발하여제공해야할필요가있다. 이러한경험을통해학생들 은졸업후환자, 동료의사등다양한구성원들과효과적인관계를맺을수있는좋은의사로성장할수있을것이다. 이렇게학생들에게도움을줄수있는교육과정혹은상담프로그램을개발하기위해서는대인관계에영향을미치는학생들의성격, 그리고대인관계욕구를이해하는작업이선행되어야한다. 하지만지금까지대인관계능력과관련한의과대학의교육은학생들의성격, 대인관계욕구수준에대한충분한고민없이단순히직접적인의사소통기술을습득시키는데초점을두고이루어졌다 [9]. 또한일반대학에서는대인관계가개인의성장과발달에끼치는영향이지대하다고인식하여효율적이고바람직한대인관계를맺는데영향을주는개인적인변인들에대한연구를활발히진행해오고있는것에비하여 [10], 의학교육에서는의과대학생의성격유형에따른대인관계문제특성을분석하거나 [2] 학생들의인식과대인관계문제와의관련성을파악했던연구 [9] 외에는대부분의사소통기술교육의효과를확인하고 [11], 의사소통기술과학업성취도와의관계를밝히는데집중되어있다 [12]. 특히의과대학생들의대인관계만족도에큰영향을미치는대인관계욕구특성을다룬연구는아직까지이루어진바가없다. 이러한배경하에이연구는 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) 와 Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation Behavior (FIRO-B) 검사를통해의과대학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성을파악하여추후대인관계훈련을위한프로그램의개발과진로상담을포함한의학교육장면에활용할수있는기초자료를수집하고자하였다. 위의목적을달성하기위한구체적인연구문제는다음과같다. 첫째, 의과대학생의 MBTI 4가지선호지표별분포와성별에서의차이는어떠한가, 둘째, 의과대학생의 MBTI 16 개유형별분포는어떠한가, 셋째, 의과대학생들의 FIRO-B 3가지욕구차원별, 2가지행동차원별, 6개개별욕구별, 욕구총합별수준과성별에따른차이가있는가, 넷째, MBTI 4가지선호지표에따른대인관계욕구수준에차이가있는가, 다섯째, MBTI 16개성격유형에따라대인관계욕구수준에차이가있는지를확인해보고자한다. 310 Korean J Med Educ 2013 Dec; 25(4):
3 허예라외 : 의과대학학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성 대상및방법 1. 조사대상및도구건양대학교의과대학은학생상담을위한기초자료를수집하기위해 2012년 1학기의학과 1학년, 2학년, 3학년학생들을대상으로성격유형검사와대인관계욕구검사를실시하였다. 이연구는수집된결과가운데응답에누락이있거나한가지검사에만참여한학생의자료를제외한총 171명의검사결과를연구에활용하였으며이가운데남학생은 99명, 여학생은 72명이었다. 1) 성격유형검사 (MBTI) 성격유형검사는총 94개문항으로구성된한글판 MBTI GS 양식을사용하였다. 이도구의재검사 (test-retest) 방법에의한신뢰도는 EI지표 =0.86, SN 지표 =0.85, TF 지표 =0.81, JP지표 =0.88 로검증되었다. 이검사는외향 (Extraversion, E)/ 내향 (Introversion, I), 감각 (Sensing, S)/ 직관 (Intuition, N), 사고 (Thinking, T)/ 감정 (Feeling, F), 판단 (Judging, J)/ 인식 (Perceiving P) 4가지양극적선호지표를조합하여 16개의성격유형을분류한다. 2) 대인관계욕구특성검사 (FIRO-B) 대인관계욕구특성검사는한국판 FIRO-B 검사양식을사용하였다. 이도구의재생계수검증방법에의한신뢰도는 el 척도 =0.90, wl 척도 =0.96, ec 척도 =0.93, wc 척도 =0.95, ea척도 =0.88, wa 척도 =0.95 로검증되었으며총 54개문항으로구성되어있다. FIRO-B 는개인이사람들과의관계에서어떻게행동하는지, 다른사람들이어떻게행동하기를기대하는지측정하는검사로대인관계욕구를 다른사람들과의상호작용, 참여, 인지도, 관여, 주목등과관련된 소속욕구 (Inclusion), 개인의행동에대한책임, 능력, 영향력, 의사결정, 리더십, 권한등과관련된 통제욕구 (Control), 주로일대일상호작용에서의친밀감, 유대감, 공감, 지지, 배려등과관련된 정서욕구 (Affection) 로구분한다. 3개의욕구는다시 개인이욕구와관련된행동을주도하는것을얼마나선호하는지나타내는 표출행동 (expressed) 과 자신의욕구와관련된행동을다른사람들이먼저해주기를바라는정도를나타내는 기대행 동 (wanted) 2가지행동차원으로나타나는것으로파악하며, 이두가지차원의조합으로 ei, ec ea, wa, wc, wa 6개의개별욕구셀모델을제시하는데이들이가지는의미는각각다음과같다. 표출행동 ei는집단에참여하고소속되고자노력하며자신이하는활동에다른사람을참여시키는정도, ec 는사람들을조직하고지시하며상황을통제하고영향력을발휘하려는정도, ea는사람들에게친밀하게대하고개인적으로가까워지기위해노력하는정도를나타낸다. 기대행동 wi는다른사람들이하는활동이나그룹에자신을참여시켜주기를원하는정도, wc 는명확한지침이규정된상황에서일하는것을편하게느끼는정도, wa 는다른사람들이자신에게개인적인친밀감을표현하고따뜻하게대해주길원하는정도를나타낸다. FIRO-B 검사의척도는다음과같은점수범위를가지며각각의개별점수와합계를종합적으로고려하여피검자의대인관계욕구의일반적인특징과구체적인행동특성을파악한다. 척도별점수의범위는욕구총합 ( 최소 0 점 ~ 최대 54점 ), I, C, A ( 최소 0점 ~ 최대 18점 ), e, w ( 최소 0점 ~ 최대 27점 ), 6개개별욕구 ( 최소 0점 ~ 최대 9점 ) 이다. 2. 분석방법의과대학생의 MBTI 4가지선호지표별, 16가지성격유형별분포는기술통계, 빈도분석을실시하여확인하였다. 세부적인특성으로 4가지선호지표에따른남학생과여학생의차이는단일표본비율검정 (p=0.5 에대한검정 ) 을실시하여확인하였다. FIRO-B 검사에따른의과대학생들의대인관계욕구특성은기술통계, 빈도분석을통해파악하였으며성별에따른차이는 t검정을실시하여확인하였다. 마지막으로 MBTI 성격유형에따라 FIRO-B 대인관계욕구특성간에차이가있는지확인하기위하여기술통계, t검정을실시하였다. 모든분석에는 SPSS 20.0 프로그램 (IBM Corp., Armonk, USA) 을사용하였으며, 통계적유의수준은모두 0.05 수준에서검증하였다. 311
4 Yera Hur, et al : The characteristics of medical students personality types and interpersonal needs 결과 1. 의과대학생들의성격유형 MBTI 성격유형검사결과 4가지선호지표의분포는태도지표 (EI) 에서는외향형 (E) 이 53.22%, 인식과정 (SN) 은감각형 (S) 이 63.16%, 판단과정 (TF) 에서는사고형 (T) 이 59.65%, 대처양식 (JP) 에서는판단형 (J) 이 56.14% 로각각의양극지표에비해더많이나타났으며, 성별에서의선호지표분포를확인한결과, 남학생은모든선호지표에서차이를보이지않은반면여학생은 EI를제외한 SN, TF, JP 세가지선호지표간에통계적으로유의한차이를보였다 (p<0.05) (Table 1). 선호지표에따른 16가지성격유형은 Table 2와같이모든유형에분포하고있었으며, 그중 ISTJ (16.37%), ESTJ (14.04%), ESFJ (10.53%) 가가장많았고 ESFP와 INFJ 는각각 0.58%, 1.17% 에불과하였다. 2. 의과대학생들의대인관계욕구특성대인관계욕구특성을분석한결과욕구차원은통제 (mean Fig. 1. Level of Interpersonal Needs Data are presented as mean±sd. Table 1. Distributions and Differences of Personality Types within Each Gender Personality types Focus of your attention The way you take information The way you make decisions How you deal with the other world Males (n=99) Females (n=72) Total (n=171) No. (%) p-value a) No. (%) p-value a) No. (%) E 55 (55.56) 36 (50.00) 91 (53.22) I 44 (44.44) 36 (50.00) 80 (46.78) S 59 (59.60) 49 (68.06) 108 (63.16) N 40 (40.4) 23 (31.94) 63 (36.84) T 56 (56.57) 46 (63.89) 102 (59.65) F 43 (43.43) 26 (36.11) 69 (40.35) J 50 (50.51) 46 (63.89) 96 (56.14) P 49 (49.49) 26 (36.11) 75 (43.86) EI: Extraversion-Introversion, SN: Sensing-Intuition, TF: Thinking-Feeling, JP: Judging-Perceiving. a) p-values from one-sample proportion test (p=0.5). Table 2. Distributions of Characteristics Types Judging/Introverts Perceiving/Introverts Judging/Extraverts Perceiving/Extraverts Sensing types Intuitive types Thinking (%) Feeling (%) Thinking (%) Feeling (%) ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ 28 (16.37) 9 (5.26) 2 (1.17) 4 (2.34) ISTP ISFP INFP INTP 9 (5.26) 10 (5.85) 8 (4.68) 10 (5.85) ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ 24 (14.04) 18 (10.53) 5 (2.92) 6 (3.51) ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP 9 (5.26) 1 (0.58) 16 (9.36) 12 (7.02) 312 Korean J Med Educ 2013 Dec; 25(4):
5 허예라외 : 의과대학학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성 [M]=8.79, standard deviation [SD]=2.81), 소속 (M=8.12, SD=4.19), 정서 (M=8.08, SD=4.28) 순으로나타났고, 행동차원은표출 (M=12.11, SD=5.17), 기대 (M=12.88, SD=5.59) 순으로나타났다 (Fig. 1). 성별에따른대인관계욕구수준의차이는 Table 3과같았다. 특히 사람들의행동에영향을미치거나사람들의행동을지시하려는욕구 의정도를나타내는통제욕구는여학생보다남학생이높았으며 ( 남, 9.19±2.91 vs. 여, 8.24±2.59) 그차이가통계적으로유의하였다 (p< 0.05). 3. 성격유형에따른대인관계욕구수준의차이 4가지양극적선호지표 (E-I, S-N, T-F, J-P) 와대인관계 욕구수준간의차이를분석한결과, 다른지표에서는차이를보이지않았으나태도지표인외향형 (E), 내향형 (I) 에따른차이는통계적으로유의하였으며, 기대 (w) 행동차원을제외한모든욕구척도에서외향형 (E) 이내향형 (I) 보다높게나타났다 (Table 4). 16개성격유형에따른 6개개별욕구의수준 (Fig. 2) 은 Medium 으로통계적으로유의한차이를보이지않았으나 ISFJ 와 INFJ 유형학생들은 wc가높아 High 수준으로나타났으며 (ISFJ, M=7.56, SD=1.51; INFJ, M=8.00, SD=1.41), INFP 유형학생들은 ea가낮아 Low 수준으로나타났다 (M=1.38, SD=1.69). Table 3. Differences of Interpersonal Needs between Gender Variable Males (n=99) Females (n=72) Mean SD Mean SD t p-value a) Basic social needs Inclusion Control Affection Behavior expressed wanted Overall interpersonal needs SD: Standard deviation. a) p-values from t-test (males vs. females) (p<0.05). Fig. 2. Level of Interpersonal Needs on Characteristic Types Data are presented as mean scores. (A) expressed ICA. (B) wanted ICA. ICA: Inclusion, Control, and Affection, E: Extraversion, I: Introversion, S: Sensing N: intuition, T: Thinking, F: Feeling, J: Judging, P: Perceiving. 313
6 Yera Hur, et al : The characteristics of medical students personality types and interpersonal needs Table 4. Differences between Level of Interpersonal Needs and Personality Types (E-I) Personality types Variable E (n=91) I (n=80) t p-value a) Mean SD Mean SD Basic social needs Inclusion <0.001 Control Affection <0.001 Behavior expressed <0.001 wanted Overall interpersonal needs <0.001 E-I: Extraversion-Introversion, SD: Standard deviation. a) p-values from t-test (p<0.05). 고찰 대인관계는인간의삶에서가장중요한주제중하나로 나 와 너 사람들사이에서일어나는모든상호작용을지칭한다. 이러한대인관계는청소년기에서성인기를준비하는대학생에게있어매우중요한발달과업으로대인관계의위축과왜곡은대학생활에의부적응을초래한다 [13]. 특히의사가되기위한과정을거치고있는의과대학생들에게는더욱중요한의미가있는데, 이는대인관계능력이좋은의사의핵심역량가운데하나이기때문이다. 성숙한대인관계를형성하기위해서는우선자신과타인의성격특성과욕구를이해하는것이필수적이다 [14]. 이에이연구는학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구수준을파악하고자하였다. 그결과, 첫째, 의과대학학생들의성격유형은 4가지선호지표에따라구분하였을때, 외향형 (E) 이 53.22%, 감각형 (S) 이 63.16%, 사고형 (T) 이 59.65%, 판단형 (J) 이 56.14% 로, 각각의양극지표인내향형 (I), 직관형 (N), 감각형 (F), 인식형 (P) 에비해더많은학생이분포하고있었다. 특히여학생은 E-I 지표를제외한 SN, TF, JP 세가지선호지표에서모두통계적으로유의한차이를보였다. 이는 1,441명의한국대학생을대상으로이루어진 MBTI 검사와 [15] 유사한형태를보이지만내향형 (I) 에비해외향형 (E) 이높게나타난점에서차이가있는결과이다. 하지만의과대학생의성격유형을분석했던 Kim et al. [2] 의연구에서는이연구의결과와달리내향형 (I) 지표가더높게나타났다. 이처럼 MBTI 성격유형의분포는연구의대상에따라다소차이를보 일수있기때문에이결과를의과대학생들의일반적인특성으로일반화하여해석하기는어렵다. 반면 16가지성격유형은 ISTJ 와 ESTJ가두드러져일반적인규준집단과동일한특성을나타내었다. 둘째, 의과대학학생들의대인관계욕구총합은 Medium-Low (M=24.99, SD=9.13) 수준이었다. 이결과는의과대학생들이자신의대인관계욕구와관련하여상황에따라다르게사람들과상호작용하며, 언제, 어디서, 어떻게사람들과어울릴지에대해조금까다롭게생각하는경향이있음을의미한다. 이러한경향의사람들은주로혼자일할때효율적이지만, 분명한목표가있다면다른사람들과함께일하는것도잘수행할수있다는특징이있다. 의과대학생들은구체적으로통제 (C), 소속 (I), 정서 (A) 순으로높은욕구수준을나타냈다. 특히이가운데행동의책임, 능력, 영향력, 의사결정, 리더십, 경쟁과관련된욕구로 사람들의행동에영향을미치거나사람들의행동을지시하려는정도 를반영하는통제 (C) 척도는여학생보다남학생이높았다. 이러한결과는전체의과대학생들은대체로과업을달성하기위해적정수준의구조화된체계가갖추어지는것을선호하고있음을의미하는데, 특히남학생의경우더욱그러한성향이두드러졌다. 또한세가지욕구를기대 (w) 와표출 (e) 두가지행동차원과조합한개별욕구점수를 Low (0~2), Medium (3~6), High (7~9) 범위로나누어살펴보았을때 6개모든조합의점수가 Medium 에해당했다. 이결과는의과대학생들이타인과의논하거나책임을공유하는것이불가능할경우문제해결에어려움을느낄수있으며, 사람들이자신의의견에동의하지않거나자신이내린결정을비판하는것에불편함을느낄가능성이있음을 314 Korean J Med Educ 2013 Dec; 25(4):
7 허예라외 : 의과대학학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성 시사해준다. 또한사람들에게친밀함과관심을표현하고사람들도자신에게그렇게해주기를원하기때문에상대방이자신보다덜개방적이라고느낄경우에대인관계에어려움을겪을가능성도있다. 마지막으로셋째, MBTI 성격유형에따른대인관계욕구수준을확인한결과, 기대행동 (w) 차원을제외한모든욕구차원에서외향형 (E) 의점수가내향형 (I) 보다높게나타났다. 특히모든대인관계욕구차원에서 Medium 수준을나타냈던다른유형과달리 ISFJ 와 INFJ 유형은 wc 차원에서는 High 수준을, INFP 유형은 ea 차원에서 Low 수준을보이고있어주목된다. 이연구는앞서의과대학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성에대해논의한내용을바탕으로다음과같은제안을하고자한다. 첫째, 전체의과대학생들에게두드러졌던성격유형과대인관계욕구특성을고려하여대인관계능력향상에실제적인도움을줄수있는교육과정, 상담프로그램을개발하고운영하려는노력이필요하다. 둘째, 직접적으로교육을담당하는교수자들이다양한의학교육장면에서개별학생의특성을고려할수있도록구체적인프로파일을작성하여제공해줄필요가있다. 학생들의성격유형과대인관계문제유형을파악하여교수학습방법및학생지도자료로활용하는것은교육에서중요한의미를갖는다 [2]. 많은수의의과대학들이이미기질, 성격, 대인관계능력등학생들의개별특성을분석한프로파일을축적하여이를다양한교육장면에서주요변인으로적극고려하고활용함으로써높은교육효과를거두고있다 [16]. 담당교수의성향에적합한특성을지닌학생들을배치해수업을운영했을때더욱효과적인교육이가능하며성격유형의차이가교수와학생의상호작용수준, 만족도에영향을준다는사실은이미많은연구를통해밝혀졌다 [17]. 따라서교수자들이개별학생의프로파일을효과적으로활용할수있도록 MBTI 성격유형검사와 FIRO-B 대인관계욕구검사결과의활용에대한사전교육도함께이루어져야할것이다. 구체적인예로최근의학교육은문제바탕학습외에도팀바탕학습 (team-based learning, TBL) 같은소그룹단위의수업을도입하려는움직임이있는데 [18], TBL 은팀활동을기본으로하기때문에어떤특성을지닌학생들로팀을구성할것인가에대한관심이요구된다 [19]. 특히이연구의결과에따르면, ISFJ 와 INFJ 성격유형은다른유형에비 해 wc 척도의점수가높게나타났다. 이는두유형의학생들은목표달성을위해필요한자원을조직하고팀원들을참여시키는등전체상황을통제하거나지시하며영향력을발휘하기보다는 명확한지침이규정된상황에서다른팀원이자신을이끌어주기를바라는경향 이있음을의미한다. 따라서두유형의학생들에게팀의리더역할을맡긴다면심리적인어려움을느낄가능성이크며, 구성된팀역시높은학습효과를기대하기어려울것이다. 이와같이효과적으로팀을운영하기위해필요한역할을규명하고학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성을고려하여, 그역할들을수행할수있는학생들을고르게배치한다면무임승차를방지하고팀활동참여를촉진하는효과적인기제가되어팀단위수업을통해얻을수있는교육효과를충분히거둘수있을것이라기대한다. 한편이연구는다음과같은제한점을가진다. 첫째, 일개의과대학의한학년을대상으로자기보고식응답에기초하였기때문에연구결과의객관적정량화및일반화에는한계가있다. 둘째, 성격유형과대인관계욕구수준에영향을미치는요인은성별, 연령등다양하나이가운데성별변인만을다루어그외의요인에대해서는논의하지못하였다. 그럼에도이연구는의학교육분야에서아직논의된바없는학생들의성격유형과대인관계욕구특성을함께파악하여보다효과적인대인관계프로그램개발을위한기초자료를제공해준다는점에서의의를찾을수있다. 따라서추후지속적인연구를통해의과대학생들의성별, 학제별, 학년별성격유형과대인관계욕구특성에대한기초자료를충분히축적하고, 의과대학생과일반대학생의차이, 성격유형과대인관계욕구특성에따른실제대인관계능력수준의차이등을명확하게규명하여그결과를대인관계능력향상을위한프로그램의개발뿐만아니라다양한의학교육장면에서활용할수있게되기를기대한다. Acknowledgements: None. Funding: The authors would like to thank researcher Keum-ho Lee for her participation in the study. Conflicts of interest: None. 315
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