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1 Changes in golf swing kinematic sequence after 12 weeks of reactive neuromuscular training using inertia overloading Jong Seong An* Seoul National University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results] [Conclusion] Key Words:

3 Table 1. Characteristics of participants Group RNT (inertia overloading) Minimum inertia loading N Age (yrs) Height (cm) Weight (kg) ± ±3.5 70± ± ± ±8.1 Control ± ±4 67.7±4.6 Fig. 1. Launch monitor (Golfzone Driving Range)

4 Fig. 2. Kinematic analysis system (IMU sensor) Table 2. Experimental procedure Weeks Test RNT (inertia overloading) Minimum inertia loading Control 0 Pre-test Golf swing orientation Post-test (40 full swings + inertia loading task 7 [5 front swings + 5 side swings + 5 hammer swings]) 5 sets 8 Post-test Post-test 3 - (40 golf full swing + military training video clip) 5 sets

5 The effect of RNT on golf kinematic sequence 67 Fig. 3. Demonstration of inertial loading tasks. a. *Side swing. Demonstration: Swing the clubbell until it reaches shoulder height in the frontal plane of the body with each hand; b. *Front swing. Demonstration: Swing the clubbell until it reaches shoulder height in the sagittal plane with each hand; c. *Hammer swing. Demonstration: Swing the clubbell in a 360-degree arc in the frontal plane with both hands. 어지는 최초 시점으로 구분하였으며, 임팩트 는 타격으 로 인해 손목 센서의 충격량이 급격히 변화하는 시점으 로 정의하였다(Tinmark et al., 2010). 골프 수행의 비행 거리(m)는 타구 시점으로부터 공이 비행하여 지면 에 떨어지는 지점까지로 분석하였으며, 방향 오차는 중 앙으로부터 좌 우 방향으로 벗어난 절대 거리 오차(m) 를 통하여 분석하였다(An et al., 2013; Neal et al., 2008). 초보자의 비일관된 수행 특성을 고려하여 자료 분석은 각 평가 시기별 10회의 수행에서 비거리 상위 3 개의 스윙을 분석하였다. 훈련 집단과 평가시기에 따른 비행 거리, 방향 오차, 신체 협응 패턴을 비교하기 위하여 반복 측정 이원 분산 분석(two-way ANOVA with repeated measure)을 실시하였다. 훈련 집단과 연습시행에 따른 상호작용 효 과가 있을 경우에는 각 수준별 일원 변량 분석 (one-way ANOVA)을 통하여 단순 주 효과(simple main effect) 검증을 실시하였으며, Tukey HSD 사후 검증을 통하여 집단간에 나타나는 유의미한 차이를 추가 적으로 살펴보았다. 연구결과 골프 수행력 비행 거리 반응 신경계 훈련 집단은 사전 검사에 비해 사후 1(30.4%), 사후2(44.8%), 사후3(49.03%)의 향상 률을 보였으며, 최소 관성 부하 훈련 집단은 사후 1(19.71%), 사후2(29.75%), 사후3(31.52%), 통제 집단은 사후1(5.96%), 사후2(25.61%), 사후 3(26.31%)의 비행 거리 향상을 나타내었다<Fig. 4>.

6 Fig. 5. Accuracy (direction error) Fig. 4. Carry distance

7 Fig. 6. Maximum angular velocity * Graph (a :pelvis, b :trunk, c :wrist)

8 Fig. 7. Deceleration timing of rotation * Graph (a :pelvis, b :trunk, c :wrist)

9 Fig. 8. Kinematic sequence and wrist angular velocity *First digit: Pelvis rotation sequence; Second digit: Thorax rotation sequence; Third digit: Wrist rotation sequence

10 Fig. 9. Kinematic sequence of different expertise

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Kinematic analysis of success strategy of YANG Hak Seon technique Joo-Ho Song 1, Jong-Hoon Park 2, & Jin-Sun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Scienc

Kinematic analysis of success strategy of technique JooHo Song 1, JongHoon Park 2, & JinSun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Science, 2 Catholic Kwandong University, 3 Yonsei University [Purpose] [Methods]