33 김진현 - Little Anne, BRAYDEN, HeartiSense를 이용한.hwp
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1 Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 18, No. 11 pp , ISSN / eissn Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, HeartiSense R 를이용한심폐소생술교육효과비교 김진현 1, 최욱진 2* 1 충청소방학교, 2 서정대학교응급구조학과 Comparison of the Effects of CPR Training using Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R and HeartiSense R Jin-Hyeon Kim 1, Uk-Jin Choi 2* 1 Chungcheong Fire Service Academy 2 Department Emergency Medical service, Seojeong College 요약연구목적 : 본연구는 Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, HeartiSense R 를이용하여심폐소생술교육에사용되는마네킹에따른교육효과를비교하고자시행하였다. 연구방법 : 연구대상자는응급구조사가아닌 90명의소방관이었다. A, B, C 세그룹으로나누어 50분동안심폐소생술이론교육을하였고, 이후 50분간각그룹별로 3인 1조실습교육을시행하였는데, A그룹 30 명은 Little Anne R 를이용하였고, B 그룹 30 명은 BRAYDEN R 를이용하였고, C 그룹 30 명은 HeartiSenseR 를이용하였으며, 이후 Resusci Anne SkillReporter R 를사용해수행한심폐소생술결과를출력한후결과를확인하고설문지를작성하도록하였다. 연구결과 : 마네킹에따른만족지수는 x 2 =81.050, p<.000로유의한차이를보였고, 만족이유는 x 2 =91.050, p<.000 로유의한차이를보였다. 정확한흉부압박비율은 F=5.087, p<.004, 정확한인공호흡비율은 F=10.54, p<.000으로유의한차이를보였다. 결론 : 정확하고효율적인 CPR 교육이필요한대상에게는교육효과가높은실시간시각교정이가능한정보를제공하는마네킹이효과적일것으로사료된다. Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of CPR training according to the mannequin used for CPR training using Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, and HeartiSense R. Method: Research subjects were 90 firefighters who were not paramedics. They were divided into three groups, A, B, and C. Theoretical education was conducted for 50 minutes, and practical education was conducted in groups of three for 50 minutes, using Little Anne R for 30 people in Group A; BRAYDEN R for 30 people in Group B; and HeartiSense R for 30 people in Group C. The results of CPR were printed out using Resusci Anne SkillReporter R, and the subjects were asked to fill in a questionnaire. Results: The following significant differences were noted: satisfaction index according to the mannequin, x 2 =81.050, p<.000; reason for satisfaction, x 2 =91.050, p<.000; ratio of accurate chest compression, F=5.087, p<.004; and ratio of accurate ventilation, F=10.54, p<.000. Conclusion: For the subjects who require accurate and efficient CPR training, it is judged that a mannequin that provides information to allow corrections in real-time would be effective, and have a high educational effect. Keywords : CPR, mannequin, Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, HeartiSense R 1. 서론 심폐소생술 (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR) 이 란심정지시임상학적사망에서생물학적사망으로의진행을막고혈액순환을회복시켜주는것이다 [1]. 심정지환자의생존을위해서는빠르고적절하게심폐소생술이 * Corresponding Author : Uk-Jin Choi (Seojeong College) Tel: ukdal@hanmail.net Received October 10, 2017 Revised (1st October 24, 2017, 2nd October 30, 2017) Accepted November 3, 2017 Published November 30,
2 Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, HeartiSense R 를이용한심폐소생술교육효과비교 실시되어야한다 [2,3]. 소생에영향을미치는인자중무엇보다도중요한요소는최초목격자에의한심폐소생술이다 [4,5]. 우리나라는목격자가심폐소생술을시행하는경우는전체병원외심정지의 10.0% 에불과하였고 [6] 외국의경우는목격자에의한심폐소생술시행율이 66.0% 로우리나라보다현저하게높았다 [7]. 또한우리나나의심정지환자의생존율은 % 로매우낮은반면 [8] 외국의경우목격자에의한심폐소생술생존율이 Eisenberg 등은 26.0%[9], Thopmson 등은 43.0%[10], Ritter 등은 22.9%[11], McGrath는 38.0%[12], Hanche 등은 18.8% 로 [13] 목격자에의한심폐소생술생존율이우리나라보다높게나타났다. 심폐소생술교육을통해심폐소생술에대한지식과기술능력, 심폐소생술에대한태도를효과적으로향상시킬수있다 [14]. 이와같은배경때문에심폐소생술교육의효과를높기기위한방안으로강의자중심교육보다술기수행의효과가높은 [15] 심폐소생술자가학습프로그램 (Videos self instruction, VSI) 교육이확대되었고, 심폐소생술의재교육에가장효과적이라는동영상을직접보면서마네킹을활용한학습방법 [16] 도널리보급되었다. 메트로놈과청각장비를이용한심폐소생술교육도일부효과가있는것으로알려져 [17] 권장되고있다. 이외에도심폐소생술교육의효과에관한연구로는강사주도적교육의강의와시범 [18], 동영상기반과강사주도의심폐소생술교육 [19], 인체모형마네킹을이용한실습교육 [20], 시뮬레이션기반교육 [21-22] 등다양하게시도되었다. 최초목격자에의한심폐소생술을확대하기위하고교육효과를높이기위해다양한교육방법에관한연구가선행되었으나교육에사용하는마네킹에따른교육효과에관한연구가미미하다. 따라서전통적으로가장많이사용하는 Little Anne R (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) 와흉부압박의질에따른혈행을불빛으로확인할수있는 BRAYDEN R (JinMedical, Seoul, Korea) 그리고 Little Anne R 내부에센서를장착하고휴대폰어플리케이션을통하여호흡과압박의질을확인할수있는 HeartiSense R (I.M.LABinc, Daejeon, Korea) 를이용하여심폐소생술교육후수행능력과만족지수를비교하여심폐소생술교육의효율성을향상시키고자한다. 2. 연구방법 2.1 연구대상 C소방학교입교한 1급응급구조사가아닌소방관중연구의취지를설명한후실험에동의한 90명을편의추출하여성별, 연령, 키, 체중으로 30명씩 3그룹으로나누어동질성을검증하였다. 2.2 자료수집동일한강의안으로연구자가직접 100분 (50분이론, 50분의실습 ) 교육을진행하였다. 실습교육은 30명씩총세그룹으로나누어각각 3인 1조로실습하였고, A그룹 30명은 Little Anne R (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway), B그룹 30명은 BRAYDEN R (JinMedical, Seoul, Korea), C그룹 30명은 HeartiSense R (I.M.LABinc, Daejeon, Korea) 를이용하여실습교육을하였다. 교육을마치고 30분간휴식시간을갖은후세그룹모두 Resusci Anne SkillReporter R (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) 를이용해심폐소생술을 5주기실시하고결과를출력해확인한후마네킹만족지수설문지를작성하도록하였다. 2.3 자료분석방법수집된자료는 SPSS PC/20.0을이용하여통계처리하였으며대상자의일반적특성에대한동질성검정과마네킹만족지수는 Chi-square test, 마네킹에따른흉부압박성공률과인공호흡성공률은 One-way Anova로분석하였다. 2.3 용어의정의 심폐소생술측정 5주기동안심폐소생술을실시한후 Resusci Anne SkillReporter(Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) 를통해인공호흡의정확도 (%), 흉부압박의정확한압박수 ( 회 ) 및정확도 (%) 도측정결과를의미한다. 2.4 연구도구 마네킹만족지수측정도구마네킹만족지수는 5주기심폐소생술을실시한후리커트 5점척도 (Likert scale) 를이용하여측정하였고, 5 점은가장만족한점수이고가장만족하지못한점수는 1점이다. 291
3 한국산학기술학회논문지제 18 권제 11 호, 2017 Table 1. Subject s general characteristic and homogeneity verification Classification Subjects LittleAnne(n=30) BRAYDEN(n=30) HeartiSense(n=30) Gender Male 17 (56.7%) 16 (53.3%) 16 (53.3%) Female 12 (43.3%) 14 (46.7%) 14 (46.7%) Under the 25s 10 (33.3%) 6 (20.0%) 12 (40.0%) Age 25-30s 18 (60.0%) 10 (33.3%) 14 (46.7%) Over the 30s 2 ( 6.7%) 14 (46.7%) 4 (13.3%) Under the 165cm 16 (53.3%) 10 (33.3%) 11 (36.7%) Height cm 8 (26.7%) 10 (33.3%) 11 (36.7%) Over the 175cm 6 (20.0%) 10 (33.3%) 8 (26.7%) Under the 55kg 11 (36.7%) 7 (23.3%) 11 (36.7%) Weight 55-65kg 13 (43.3%) 12 (40.0%) 8 (26.7%) Over the 65kg 6 (20.0%) 11 (36.7%) 11 (36.7%) Number 1time 26 (86.7%) 26 (86.7%) 24 (80%) of CPR 2time 4 (13.3%) 3 (10%) 6 (20%) education 3time 0 ( 0%) 1 ( 3.3%) 0 ( 0%) χ 2 p 실험도구심폐소생술실습에사용된마네킹은그룹별로 A그룹은 Little Anne R (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway), B그룹은 BRAYDEN R (JinMedical, Seoul, Korea) 그리고 C그룹은 HeartiSense R (I.M.LABinc, Daejeon, Korea) 이었으며, HeartiSense R 는 Little Anne R 의내부에장착하여연구대상본인휴대폰에어플리케이션을설치하여사용하였다. 2.5 연구가설 1) 마네킹에따른만족지수는유의한차이가있을것이다. 2) 마네킹에따른만족이유는유의한차이가있을것이다. 3) 마네킹에따른흉부압박의정확도는차이가있을것이다. 4) 마네킹에따른인공호흡의정확도는차이가있을것이다. 3. 연구결과 3.1 연구대상자의일반적인특성에따른동질성검증심폐소생술실습에사용된마네킹에따른그룹간의성별, 연령, 키, 체중, 교육수는통계적으로유의한차이가없어동질성이검정되었다 [ 표 1]. 3.2 가설검증 마네킹에따른만족지수는유의한차이가있을것이다. 심폐소생술실습후에사용된마네킹에따라실시한만족지수에대한응답은 LittleAnne 2.17점, BRAYDEN 4.00점 HeartiSense 4.23점으로나타나유의한차이 (x 2 =81.050, p<.000) 를보여가설 1) 은지지되었다 [ 표 2]. Table 2. Satisfaction level Subjects N M (SD) χ 2 p LittleAnne (.950) BRAYDEN (.643) HeartiSense (1.305) 마네킹에따른만족이유는유의한차이가 있을것이다. 심폐소생술실습에사용된마네킹에따른만족이유 는 깊이를확인할수있다 에 LittleAnne 사용자 2명, BRAYDEN 사용자 27명이응답하였고, 깊이와환기 량을알수있다 에 HeartiSense 사용자 4명이응답하였 으며, 압박속도와정확성, 압박중단시간을확인할수 있다 에 HeartiSense 23명이 응답하여 유의한 차이 (x 2 =91.050, p<.000) 를보여가설 2) 는지지되었다 [ 표 3]. 292
4 Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, HeartiSense R 를이용한심폐소생술교육효과비교 Table 3. Reason of satisfaction Reason of satisfaction Depth can be checked Depth, ventilation volume can be checked Compression speed & accuracy, Hands off time can be checked Subjects / n=90(%) LittleAnne BRAYD EN HeartiSe nse 2(2) 27(30) 0( 0) 0(0) 0( 0) 4( 4) 0(0) 0( 0) 23(26) χ 2 p 마네킹에따른흉부압박의정확도는차이가있을것이다. 심폐소생술실습에사용된마네킹에따른정확한압박수평균은 LittleAnne 사용자 회, BRAYDEN 사용자 회, HeartiSense 사용자 회로유의한차이 (F=5.391, p<.006) 를보였다 [ 표 4]. Table 4. Accurate chest compression number Subjects N M (SD) F p LittleAnne (46.280) BRAYDEN (41.130) HeartiSense ( 3.800) 심폐소생술실습에사용된마네킹에따른정확한흉부압박비율은 LittleAnne 사용자 80.47%, BRAYDEN 사용자 80.10%, HeartiSense 사용자 98.33% 로유의한차이 (F=5.087, p<.004) 를보였다 [ 표 5]. Table 5. Accurate chest compression rate(%) Subjects N M (SD) F p LittleAnne (30.376) BRAYDEN (27.470) HeartiSense ( 2.530) 따라서가설 3) 은지지되었다 마네킹에따른인공호흡의정확도는차이가 있을것이다. 심폐소생술실습에사용된마네킹에따른정확한인 공호흡비율은 LittleAnne 사용자 52.00%, BRAYDEN 사용자 42.03%, HeartiSense 사용자 72.17% 로유의한 차이 (F=10.54, p<.000) 를보였다 [ 표 6]. Table 6. Accurate ventilation rate(%) Subjects N M (SD) F p LittleAnne (27.021) BRAYDEN (32.643) HeartiSense (14.721) 따라서가설 4) 은지지되었다. 4. 고찰본연구는심폐소생술의실습교육에사용된마네킹에따른만족지수, 만족이유, 심폐소생술수행결과를비교하고교육효과를선행연구와비교하여논의하고자한다 마네킹에따른만족지수는유의한차이가있을것이다. 본연구에서심폐소생술실습교육을받은마네킹에따른만족지수는 LittleAnne 2.17점, BRAYDEN 4.00점 HeartiSense 4.23점으로HeartiSense가가장높아유의한차이 (x 2 =81.050, p<.000) 를보였다. 대상자가실시한심폐소생술의흉부압박및인공호흡의정확도 (%) 가낮은경우만족지수가낮은것으로사료되며실습교육에사용되는마네킹에따라만족지수가유의하게달라 HeartiSense가유의하게높은것을확인하였다 마네킹에따른만족이유는유의한차이가있을것이다. 실험에참여한대상자들이심폐소생술실습교육에사용되는마네킹의만족하는이유는 깊이를확인할수있다 에 LittleAnne 사용자 2명, BRAYDEN 사용자 27 명이응답하여총 29명 (32%) 가심폐소생술실습교육에흉부압박깊이를확인하며실습할수있는것이만족하는요인이라답했고, 압박속도와정확성, 압박중단시간 293
5 한국산학기술학회논문지제 18 권제 11 호, 2017 을확인할수있다 에 HeartiSense 23(26%) 명이응답하여심폐소생술교육에중요한요소인압박깊이, 압박속도, 정확한압박유무, 압박중단시간등을확인하며실습할수있는것이만족하는이유라고응답했다. LittleAnne는 30명중단 2명만만족하는이유가있었고, BRAYDEN과 HeartiSense는각각 27명이만족하는이유가있어유의한차이 (x 2 =91.050, p<.000) 를보였다. Chae의연구 [23], Cha 의연구 [24], Kim 등 [25] 의선행연구에서시각교정효과가심폐소생술실습교육에효과적이라는것과같은결과로해석된다 마네킹에따른흉부압박의정확도는차이가있을것이다. 본연구에서심폐소생술실습마네킹에따른흉부압박의정확도가 HeartiSense 사용자에게서가장높아유의한 (F=5.807, p<.004) 차이가나타났다. 이러한결과는 PC Skillreporting system과기본마네킹을이용한심폐소생술교육후심폐소생술정확도를비교한 Chae의연구 [23] 에서유의한 (t=-4.674, p<.001) 차이가난것과유사한결과이며, Little Anne, Resusci Anne SkillGuide, Resusci Anne SkillReporter를이용해심폐소생술의수행능력을비교한 Cha 의연구 [24] 에서가슴압박수행능력사후측정압박점수 (%) 가마네킹에따라유의한차이 (F=8.93, p<.000) 를보인것과같은맥락이라할수있다. 또한 Kim 등 [26] 의연구에서도 PC Skillreporting system을사용한실험군이활용하지않은대조군보다교육후유의하게 (t=-2.52, p<.012) 심폐소생술술기수행능력이향상되었다. 그러나본연구에서마네킹에따라흉부압박의정확도가유의한차이를보인것과는다르게 Min의연구 [20] 에서전통적인마네킹과 ResusciAnne Torso skill Reporter 를이용한심폐소생술교육에서마네킹에따른심폐소생술정확도의유의한차이를찾을수없었는데, Min의연구 [20] 에서는대상자에게각각 5주기를 2 회에걸쳐반복연습하였고, 본연구는 3인 1조로실습을 1시간수행하여심폐소생술숙련도의차이에서오는결과라고사료된다 마네킹에따른인공호흡의정확도는차이가있을것이다. Chae의연구 [23] 에서 PC Skillreporting system과기 본마네킹을이용한심폐소생술교육후정확한인공호흡시행횟수가유의한 (t=-7.212, p<.001) 차이가나타난것과유사하게본연구에서도정확한인공호흡비율평균은 LittleAnne 사용자 52.00%, BRAYDEN 사용자 42.03%, HeartiSense 사용자 72.17% 로유의한차이 (F=10.54, p<.000) 를확인할수있었다. 또한 Kim 등 [25] 이 Resusci Anne SkillReporter TM 와 Actar 911 Squadron TM 를이용한심폐소생술에서인공호흡정확도 (%) 가 Resusci Anne SkillReporter TM 에서 46%, Actar 911 Squadron TM 에서 20.6% 로유의한차이를보인것과유사한결과이다 (t=-3.99, p<.001) 그러나 Little Anne, Resusci Anne SkillGuide, Resusci Anne SkillReporter를이용해심폐소생술의수행능력을비교한 Cha의연구 [24] 에서마네킹에따른인공호흡호흡점수 (%) 는유의한차이가없었다 (F=1.37, p<.259). 이는본연구의마네킹별호흡정확도 (%) 가 LittleAnne 52.00%, BRAYDEN 42.03%, HeartiSense 72.17% 로차이가크고전반적으로낮은반면 Cha의연구 [24] 에서는 LA 81.8%, RASG 91.1%, RASR 87.6% 로전반적으로높고비교적차이가적은것을볼수있는데, Cha의연구대상자들에게시행한인공호흡교육에의해대상자들의인공호흡수행능력이전체적으로높아져발생한차이라고사료된다. 5. 결론 심폐소생술은실습교육에실시간시각교정마네킹이효과적이라는다른연구들과유사하게본연구도심폐소생술을실습을수행할때해당하는정보를제공해시각교정이가능한 HeartiSense와같은마네킹이유의하게만족지수, 흉부압박및인공호흡정확도가높았다. 정확하고효율적인심폐소생술교육이필요한대상에게는교육효과가높은실시간시각교정이가능한정보를제공하는 HeartiSense 등의마네킹이효과적일것으로사료된다. References [1] H. M. Kim, Effect of knowledge and education experience to attitude on cardiopulmonary resuscitation 294
6 Little Anne R, BRAYDEN R, HeartiSense R 를이용한심폐소생술교육효과비교 among university students, Master's Thesis in Inje University, January, [2] A. Bayes, P Coumel, JF. LecLeclercq, Ambulatory sudden cardiac death: mechanisms of production of fatal arrhythmia on the basis of data from 157 cases, Am Heart J. vol. 117, no. 1, pp , DOI: [3] E. J. Gallagher, G Lombardi, P Gennis. Effectiveness of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival fallowing out-of-hoapital cardiac arrest, JAMA, vol. 274, no. 24, pp , DOI: [4] KACPR Korean guideline for CPR ECC, [5] M. D. Jin, Effects of Audio-visual Feedback System on the Participant's Fatigue and Accuracy during Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training, Master's Thesis in Yonsei University, [6] S. O. Hwang, K. S. Lim, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, koonja publisher, pp , [7] Rewers M, Tilgreen RE. One-year survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Copenhagen according to the Utstein style, Resuscitation, Vol47, no. 2, pp , DOI: [8] KACPR Korean guideline for CPR ECC, [9] M. Eisenberg, L. Bergner, A. Hallstrom, Paramedic programs and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : 8. Factors associated with successful resuscitation, American Journal of Public Health. vol. 69, no. 1, pp , [10] R. G. Thompson, A. P. Hallstrom, L. A. Cobb, Bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the management of ventricular fibrillation, Ann Intern Med. vol. 90, no. 5, pp [11] G. Ritter, A. W. Robert, S. Goldstein, J. Landis, C. Vasu, A. Acheson, R. Leighton, S. VanderBrug, The effect of bystander CPR on survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims, American Heart Journal, vol. 110, no. 5, pp , [12] R. B. McGrath, In-house cardiopulmonary resuscitation - after a quarter of a century, Annals of Emergency Medicine, vol. 16, no. 12, pp , [13] O. T. Hanche, N. E. Waage, High survival in out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation 7 year' incidence according to the Utstein template in a small town in Northern Norway, European Journal of Emergency Medicine, vol. 9, no. 1, pp , DOI: [14] S. K. Yoou1 J. E. Lee, A Meta-analysis of the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, Korean J Emerg Med. Ser. vol. 21, no. 1, pp , [15] E. I. Einspruch, B Lynch, T. P. Aufderheide, G. Nichol, L. Becker, Retention of CPR skills learned in a traditional AHA Heartsaver course versus 30-min video self-training: A controlled randomized study, Resuscitation, vol. 74, no. 3: pp , DOI: [16] S. I. Oh, S. S. Han, A study on the sustainable effects of reeducation on cardiopulmonary resuscitation on nurse s knowledge and skill, J. Korean Acad. Nurs. vol. 38, no. 3 pp , DOI: [17] H. H. Ryu, S. C. Han, K. W. Jeung, T. Heo, Metronome guided CPR to improve the Quality of CPR, J Korean Soc. Emerg. Med, vol. 17, no. 3, pp , [18] J. Y. Hwang, The Effect of Intervenient Grade by Instructor on the Knowledge, Practice Ability and Accuracy of CPR, Master's Thesis in Gongju university. February [19] A. B. Thoren, A. B. Axelsson, J. Herlitz, DVD-based or instructor-led CPR education-a comparison, Resuscitation, vol. 72, no. 2, pp , DOI: [20] J. H. Min, The Comparison of the Educational Effectiveness between a Conventional manikin and Skill-reporter manikin to train the Medical Students for Basic Life Support, Master's Thesis in Chungnam National University. October [21] J. B. Yoo, J. H. Jeong, S. Y. Bang, Effects of Simulation-based Education focusing on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Attitude, Self-efficacy and Satisfaction of the Elderly in Rural Community, Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society vol. 18, no. 3 pp , DOI: [22] H. J. Jung, M. J. Chae, Effect of Simulation-based Advanced Cardiopulmonary Life Support Education for Nursing Students Hospitals, The Korean Journal of Health Service Management, vol. 9, no. 9 pp , DOI: [23] M. J. Chae, The Comparison of Effect on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Education between PC Skillreporting System and Conventional Manikin in College Students, Master's Thesis in chonnam university, August [24] Y. J. Cha, Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude, Self-efficacy and Performance Ability on Basic Life Support by Training Manikins in Nursing Students, Master's Thesis in chonnam university. August [25] J. H. Kim, T. Y. Moon, T. H. Ehm, Comparison of adult CPR skill scores: Real-time visual feedback manikin(resusci AnneSkillReporter TM ) vs. Non-feedback manikin(actar 911 Squadron TM ), The Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medical Technology, vol. 15, no. 2, pp [26] R. Kim, M. J. Chae, Effects of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Education Using a PC Skill-Reporting System on the Knowledge, Self-Efficacy and Skill Performance Ability of Nursing Students, The Korean Journal of Health Service Management, vol. 9, no. 1, pp , DOI: 295
7 한국산학기술학회논문지제 18 권제 11 호, 2017 최욱진 (Uk-Jin Choi) [ 정회원 ] 2008 년 2 월 : 공주대학교대학원전문응급구조학과 ( 응급구조학석사 ) 2012 년 2 월 : 전남대학교대학원의학과 ( 의학박사수료 ) 2012 년 3 월 현재 : 서정대학교응급구조과교수 < 관심분야 > 응급의학, 응급구조학 김진현 (Jin-Hyeon Kim) [ 정회원 ] 2014 년 2 월 : 공주대학교대학원전문응급구조학과 ( 응급구조학석사 ) 2015 년 7 월 현재 : 충청소방학교전임교수 < 관심분야 > 재난의학, 응급구조학 296
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