Maturity-associated variation in physique, body composition and physical fitness of youth baseball players Hong-Sun Song 1, Kwang-Jun Kim 1, Ki-Hyuk Lee 2, Peng Zhao 3, Buong-O Chun 4 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Science, 2 Center for Sport Science in Jeju, 3 Beijing Sport University, & 4 Kyung Hee University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results] [Conclusions] Key words:
Table 1. Characteristics of the Subjects Variable Chronological age (CA, month) Skeletal age (SA, month) SA minus CA (month) All (n=112) Primary school (n=49) Middle school (n=63) 154.2±18.7 136.4±10.6 168.1±9.8 161.2±17.4 144.7±8.8 174.0±10.1 7.0±4.3 8.3±3.2 5.9±4.8 Height (cm) 162.0±11.5 152.2±7.0 169.0±7.9 Weight (kg) 57.6±14.6 47.2±9.6 65.7±12.4 BMI (kg/m 2 ) 21.6±3.5 20.3±3.2 22.6±3.4
Table 2. Mean scores ± SD for chronological age, skeletal age, anthropometric, and frequencies of skeletal maturity status unit Grade 4 (n=16) Primary school (n=49) Grade 5 (n=16) Grade 6 (n=17) Grade 7 (n=30) Middle school (n=63) Grade 8 (n=23) Grade 9 (n=10) Chronological age (CA) month 123.9±3.4 136.2±3.0 148.4±3.0 159.6±3.8 172.0±2.99 184.3±4.4 Skeletal age (SA) month 135.7±2.1 142.4±2.5 154.9±4.8 162.8±20.6 175.1±6.7 193.2±2.8 SA minus CA month 11.7±1.88 6.2±1.14 6.5±2.37 6.9±3.51 3.1±5.05 8.9±4.46 Height cm 148.6±6.3 152.3±6.4 155.6±6.8 165.2±7.0 172.7±7.2 175.7±3.9 Weight kg 46.2±9.0 46.7±10.8 48.5±9.4 61.5±12.4 66.3±11.1 77.0±8.5 BMI kg/m 2 20.9±3.3 20.1±3.7 19.9±2.7 22.1±3.7 23.5±6.3 25.0±2.8 Skeletal maturity status f f f f f f Late 0 0 0 0 0 0 On-time 8 16 16 29 22 8 Early 8 0 1 1 1 2 Table 3. Anthropometric profiles of primary school and middle school baseball players classified as on time and early in skeletal maturation unit On-time (n=40) Primary school Early (n=9) p On-time (n=59) Middle school Early (n=4) Skeletal age (SA) year 12.2±0.65 11.5±.87.013 14.4±.77 15.7±1.15.003 Anthropometric & Body composition Height cm 152.8±7.07 149.6±6.33.219 169.3±7.99 174.5±5.57.206 Weight kg 46.9±10.15 48.3±7.08.693 64.8±12.26 79.2±6.23.025 Arm span cm 154.9±7.32 149.3±5.08.033 173.3±8.82 181.8±5.87.063 Thigh volume cm 48.4±5.77 50.4±4.50.313 55.8±6.03 63.5±1.70.015 Fat mass % 21.4±6.04 26.4±7.65.037 9.8±4.36 15.3±3.56.018 Muscle mass % 75.5±8.45 68.4±7.19.023 73.6±9.60 68.9±5.53.335 p
Table 4. Physical fitness profiles of primary school and middle school baseball players classified as on time and early in skeletal maturation unit On-time (n=40) Primary school Early (n=9) p On-time (n=59) Middle school Early (n=4) Skeletal age (SA) year 12.2±0.65 11.5±.87.013 14.4±.77 15.7 ± 1.15.003 Muscle Strength Elbow extension strength kg 15.9±3.11 15.8±2.49.931 18.5±3.87 24.0±4.24.008 Knee extension strength kg 38.2±8.23 37.2±6.22.740 49.7±12.86 69.5±16.82.005 Back strength kg 65.6±13.39 58.0±11.10.123 99.2±22.68 115.0±14.47.177 Grip strength kg 25.1±4.45 23.2±3.09.237 36.0±8.20 51.6±13.88.001 Sit-up n/60s 42.1±12.17 30.9±11.35.015 38.6±11.29 31.0±5.16.190 Power Vertical jump cm 35.1±7.17 31.2±6.2.144 45.5±7.02 52.8±6.40.048 Agility Reaction time (sound) 1/1000s.271±.038.303±.051.034.258±.033.250±.014.613 Side-steps n/20s 43.6±5.03 41.2±3.31.184 39.8±3.24 40.5±1.29.662 Flexebility & Coordination Sit and reach cm 7.2±7.50 4.06±8.63.266 9.6±7.06 16.8±6.28.051 T-wall test n 107.6±10.66 97.9±6.41.012 123.7±11.54 138.0±11.86.020 Anaerobic Power Avg. Power w/kg 4.4±1.01 3.7±.0.56.047 5.8±1.61 6.7±.52.236 Power Drop % 63.9±11.93 64.8±8.17.822 55.8±15.64 64.0±8.60.305 Peak Power w/kg 6.0±1.27 5.2±0.83.081 7.9±2.19 9.2±1.07.226 Aerobic Power Shuttle run n 45.1±16.82 36.6±7.60.148 67.8±20.74 59.0±10.89.405 p
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