PUBLIC HEALTH WEEKLY REPORT, KCDC www.cdc.go.kr/phwr Laboratory prevalence of norovirus infections in Korea and sensitive monitoring system for norovirus related outbreak combined automated diagnostic process and web-based reporting 229 232 237 238 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC229
Table 2. The incidence of norovirus related outbreaks among foodborne outbreaks in Korea (2007-2008) Total foodborne outbreaks Norovirus related foodborne outbreaks Year No. of No. of No. of patients No. of No. of No. of patients outbreaks patients per outbreak outbreaks patients per outbreak 2007 444 9,844 22.2 57 2377 41.7 2008 357 8,560 24.0 65 2824 43.5 Table 1. The results from K-EnterNet, nationwide surveillance for infectious gastroenteritis (2005-2008) Year Microbial agents of infectious gastroenteritis (Detection rate) Bacteria Viruses Protozoa 2005 9.5% 16.7% 1.1% 2006 12.0% 21.1% 1.9% 2007 15.7% 21.8% 1.8% 2008 3.55%* 23.2% 1.6% The number of detection target enteric bacteria was reduced from 10(until 2007) to 5 in 2008. Figure 1. The prevalence of 5 gastroenteritis viruses including norovirus, group A rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, and astrovirus, and sapovirus among patients detected gastroenteritis viruses (2004-2008) 230 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC
Figure 2. Monthly distribution of norovirus related foodborne outbreaks in Korea (2004-2008) Figure 3. The schematic flow for K-CaliciNet (real time molecular epidemiology for norovirus circulating in Korea for tracking related outbreaks) Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 231
Table 3. Cumulative number of norovirus strains circulating in Korea collected in the database through K-CaliciNet (2007-2008) Criteria Sporadic cases Outbreaks Subtotal No. of analyzed DB of norovirus 2007 2008 Subtotal 1,614 3,599 5,213 182 587 769 1,796 4,186 5,982 Recent prevalence of clonorchiasis in some riverside regions of Korea 232 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC
Figure 1. The surveyed areas and 4 major rivers located in southern part of Korea. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 233
Table 1. Results of stool examination according to administrative regions Locality a) No. of exam. No. of positive cases by parasite Cs Ht Es Tt Al Gl E sp. Etc Total No. of positive (%) 1 1,761 538 100 6 3 0 3 3 8 661 (37.5) 2 863 241 56 0 1 0 3 4 0 305 (35.3) 3 549 95 0 1 0 0 9 2 3 110 (19.9) 4 1,001 81 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 (9.5) 5 397 106 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 111 (28.0) 6 1,081 140 21 0 2 0 0 9 1 173 (16.0) 7 967 131 8 0 1 0 4 2 1 147 (15.2) 8 1,526 158 8 0 4 0 6 7 0 183 (12.0) 9 1,032 76 10 0 0 0 0 6 0 92 (8.9) 10 1,506 159 15 1 1 1 8 21 1 207 (13.7) 11 1,150 75 4 3 0 0 0 9 2 93 (8.1) 12 872 99 85 0 0 1 3 13 0 201 (23.1) 13 1,046 160 24 4 3 1 2 16 1 211 (20.2) 14 981 130 12 1 0 0 3 8 0 154 (15.7) 15 1,202 43 43 0 0 0 2 66 0 159 (13.2) 16 1,478 111 5 0 5 0 4 10 0 135 (9.1) 17 1,277 63 4 2 3 1 3 10 2 88 (6.9) 18 1,001 54 1 0 0 0 1 11 0 67 (6.7) 19 921 128 14 0 1 0 1 3 0 147 (16.0) 20 811 26 3 0 1 0 3 7 0 40 (4.9) 21 692 22 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 28 (4.0) 22 849 20 3 0 1 0 1 4 0 29 (3.4) 23 1,112 5 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 10 (0.9) Total 24,075 2,661 431 18 30 4 57 221 19 3,441 (14.3) Cs; Clonorchis sinensis, Ht; Heterophyids, Es; Echinostomes, Tt; Trichuris trichiura, Al; Ascaris lumbricoides, G; Giardia lamblia, E sp.; Entamoeba. Locality designated in Figure 1. 234 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC
Table 2. Positive rates of Clonorchis sinensis eggs according to riversides, localities and sexes Riversides Localities a) No. of exam. No. (%) of positive cases by sex Male Female Total (%) Nakdong-gang (River) Seomjin-gang (River) Youngsan-gang (River) Geum-gang (River) 1 1,761 311 227 538 (30.6) 2 863 134 107 241 (27.9) 3 549 47 48 95 (17.3) 4 1,001 39 42 81 (8.1) 5 397 49 57 106 (26.7) 6 1,081 70 70 140 (13.0) 7 967 63 68 131 (13.5) 8 1,526 105 53 158 (10.4) 9 1,032 47 29 76 (7.4) Subtotal 9,177 865 701 1,566 (17.1) 10 1,506 80 79 159 (10.6) 11 1,150 52 23 75 (6.5) 12 872 48 51 99 (11.4) 13 1,046 81 79 160 (15.3) 14 981 76 54 130 (13.3) Subtotal 5,555 337 286 623 (11.2) 15 1,202 21 22 43 (3.6) 16 1,478 73 38 111 (7.5) 17 1,277 35 28 63 (4.9) 18 1,001 32 22 54 (5.4) Subtotal 4,958 161 110 271 (5.5) 19 921 98 30 128 (13.9) 20 811 18 8 26 (3.2) 21 692 14 8 22 (3.2) 22 849 15 5 20 (2.4) 23 1,112 2 3 5 (0.4) Subtotal 4,385 147 54 201 (4.6) Total (%) 24,075 1,510 (6.3) 1,151 (4.8) 2,661 (11.1) Locality designated in Figure 1. Table 3. Number of egg positive cases of Clonorchis sinensis according to riversides and age groups No. (%) of cases by age group Area Total Total(%) <19 20 30 40 50 60 70 80< NK a) -29-39 -49-59 -69-79 Nakdong-gang 9,177 6 12 38 195 384 543 286 37 65 1,566 (17.1) Seomjin-gang Youngsan-gang Geum-gang Total (%) 5,555 11 10 15 78 141 186 128 23 30 622 (11.2) 4,958 2 5 12 45 53 87 56 10 1 271 (5.5) 4,385 1 2 3 14 42 75 55 9 1 202 (4.6) 24,075 20 (0.08) 29 (0.1) 68 (0.3) 332 (1.4) 620 (2.6) 891 (3.7) 525 (2.2) 79 (0.3) 97 (0.4) 2,661 (11.1) NK; Not exactly known. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 235
236 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC
An anaylsis of varicella incidence in Korea, spring 2009 Figure 1. Weekly distribution of varicella cases reported via pediatric sentinel surveillance, 2004-2009 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 237
Figure 1. The weekly proportion of influenza-like illness visits per 1,000 patients, 2007-2008 season - 2008-2009 season Figure 2. The number of influenza virus isolates, 2008-2009 season Figure 3. Viral hepatitis A status through NNDSS, 2009 Figure 4. Viral hepatitis A status through NNDSS All Causes 258* 11 7 64 105 111 P&I 9 2 0 1 0 6 * Mortality data in this table are voluntarily reported from 20 hospitals, which of total discharged patients in 13th week, 2009 are 16,663. A causes of death are defined from death certificates. Fetal deaths are not included. Pneumonia and influenza (KCD code J09-J18). 238 Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC
Cholera - - - 5 7 5 16 10 Plague - Typhoid fever 3 36 4 188 223 200 190 174 Paratyphoid fever - 8 1 44 45 50 31 45 Shigellosis 3 35 2 209 131 389 317 487 EHEC 1 2-58 41 37 43 118 Diphtheria - Pertussis - 9-9 14 17 11 6 Tetanus - 1-16 8 10 11 11 Measles 1 9-2 194 28 7 11 Mumps 104 789 43 4,542 4,557 2,089 1,863 1,744 Rubella 1 8 1 30 35 18 12 15 Poliomyelitis - Japanese encephalitis 1 1-6 7-6 - Varicella 547 6,574 264 22,849 20,284 11,027 1,934 - Malaria 2 6 3 1,052 2,227 2,051 1,369 864 Scarlet fever 5 34 3 151 146 108 87 80 Meningococcal meningitis - 1-1 4 11 7 8 Legionellosis 1 6-21 19 20 6 10 Vibrio vulnificus sepsis - - - 49 59 88 57 57 Epidemic typhus - Murine typhus - 1-87 61 73 35 19 Scrub typhus 4 75 1 6,057 6,022 6,480 6,780 4,698 Leptospirosis - 3-100 208 119 83 141 Brucellosis 1 6 2 58 101 215 158 47 Anthrax - Rabies 1 HFRS 4 39 2 375 450 422 421 427 Dengue fever 2 21-51 97 35 34 16 Indonesia(2) Leishmaniasis 1 Babesiosis - - - - - - 1 - Cryptosporidiosis - - - - - - 1 - Botulism - - - - - 1-4 Q fever - 8 1 19 12 6 - - Tuberculosis 715 8,924 645.8 34,157 34,710 35,361 35,269 31,503 HIV/AIDS 34 159 13 797 744 750 680 610 -: No reported cases. N : Not notifiable. Cum: Cumulative counts of the year from 1st week to current week. EHEC : Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. HFRS : Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. * Incidence data for reporting years 2008 and 2009 are provisional, whereas data for 2004,2005,2006 and 2007 are finalized. * Reported cases contain all case classifications (Confirmed, Suspected, Asymptomatic carrier) of the disease respectively. Excluding Hansen's disease and diseases reported through the Laboratory Surveillance System and Sentinel Surveillance System(Data for Sentinel Surveillance System are available in Table III) and no case reported since 2003(Yellow fever, Marburg fever, Ebola fever, Lassa fever, African Trypanosomiasis, Schistosomiasis, Yaws, Pinta, Smallpox, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Avian influenza infection and humans, Tularemia, and Newly everging infectious disease syndrome) Calculated by summing the incidence counts for the current week, the 2 weeks preceding the current week, and the 2 weeks following the current week, for a total of 5 preceding years.(in case of Varicella, used data for 3 years-2006,2007 and 2008, because of being designated as of July 13, 2005) HIV/AIDS is infected cases but not disease cases. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 239
Total - - - 3 36 46-8 12 3 35 46 1 2 3-9 2-1 - 1 9-104 789 348 Seoul - - - - 8 8-2 2 1 5 4 - - - - 2 1 - - - - 1-8 115 51 Busan - - - - 3 6 - - 1-2 4 1 - - - - 2 34 16 Daegu - - - - 1 2-1 1 - - 1 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - 8 49 61 Incheon - - - 1 1 2 - - - 1 4 2-1 - - - - - - - - 1-28 214 33 Gwangju - - - - - 2-2 1-1 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - 1-1 8 5 Daejeon - - - - - 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1 4 2 Ulsan - - - - 1 1 - - - - 1 1 - - - - - 1 14 16 Gyonggi - - - - 9 10-2 3 1 10 9 - - 1-2 1 - - - - 3-35 229 75 Gangwon - - - - 1 1 - - - - 1 1 - - - - - 9 27 18 Chungbuk - - - - 1 2 - - - - - 4 - - - - - 4 29 30 Chungnam - - - - 2 3-1 - - 2 3 - - - - 2 - - - - - - - 3 11 9 Jeonbuk - - - - 1 - - - 1-3 1 - - 1 2-3 6 4 Jeonnam - - - - - 2 - - 1-1 5 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 9 5 Gyeongbuk - - - 1 2 2 - - 1-2 5 - - 1 - - - - - - - 1-1 24 12 Gyeongnam - - - 1 6 3 - - 1-2 3 - - - - - - 14 7 Jeju - - - - 1 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 2 4 -: No reported cases. Cum: Cumulative counts of the year from 1st week to current week. * Incidence data for reporting years 2008 and 2009 are provisional, whereas data for 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 are finalized. Reported cases contain all case classifications (Confirmed, Suspected, Asymptomatic carrier) of the disease, respectively. Calculated by averaging the cumulative counts from 1st week to current week, for a total of 5 preceding years. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 240
Total 1 8 4 1 1-547 6,574 3,419 2 6 26 5 34 31-1 1 1 6 3 - - - - 1 1 Seoul - - 1 - - - 52 621 308-2 5 1 3 5-1 - 1 3 2 - - - - - - Busan - - - - - - 64 799 380 - - 1 2 4 6 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - Daegu 1 2 - - - - 37 570 245 - - - - 5 1 - - - - - Incheon - - 1 - - - 37 503 315 1 1 5-1 7 - - - - - Gwangju - - - - - - 10 80 45 - - - - 5 1 - - - - - Daejeon - - - - - - 12 195 38 - - - - 2 - - - - - - Ulsan - - - - - - 27 285 142 - - 1 - - 2 - - - - - Gyonggi - 4 1 1 1-140 1,387 832 1 2 9-2 2 - - 1-2 1 - - - - - 1 Gangwon - - - - - - 38 640 409 - - 1 1 Chungbuk - - - - - - 18 224 84 - - 1 - Chungnam - - - - - - 5 64 31 - - 1-5 - - - - - - Jeonbuk - 1 - - - - 6 103 131 - - - - 1 2 - - - - - Jeonnam - - - - - - 29 187 100 - - - - Gyeongbuk - 1 - - - - 20 321 149 - - 1 2 5 2 - - - - - Gyeongnam - - 1 - - - 20 302 71-1 1-1 3 - - - - - Jeju - - - - - - 32 293 139 - - - - unknown - - - - - - -: No reported cases. Cum: Cumulative counts of the year from 1st week to current week. * Incidence data for reporting years 2008 and 2009 are provisional, whereas data for 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 are finalized. Reported cases contain all case classifications (Confirmed, Suspected, Asymptomatic carrier) of the disease, respectively. Calculated by averaging the cumulative counts from 1st week to current week, for a total of 5 preceding years. (In case of Varicella, used data for 3 years - 2006, 2007 and 2008, because of being designated as of July 13, 2005) Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 241
Total 4 75 25-3 3 1 6 21 - - - 4 39 48 2 21 5-8 1 715 8,924 7,816 Seoul - 10 1-1 1 5 6-6 1 - - - 237 2,479 2,191 Busan 1 3 3 - - 1 2 - - - 1 - - 1 66 848 825 Daegu - 1 - - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - - 46 637 348 Incheon - 2 1 - - - - 4-3 - - 1-24 384 334 Gwangju - 1 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - 19 259 190 Daejeon - 1 1 - - - - 18 309 180 Ulsan - 1 - - - - - 16 179 138 Gyonggi 1 12 3-1 2-2 1 - - - 1 16 12 1 8 2-6 - 92 1,192 1,215 Gangwon - 1 1 - - 1-1 2 - - - - 2 4 - - - - 1-32 398 358 Chungbuk - 1 - - - - - - 3 - - - - 4 3 - - - - - - 16 214 176 Chungnam - 7 4 - - - - - 3 - - - - 3 6-1 - - - - 20 289 283 Jeonbuk - 20 3-1 - - 1 2 - - - 1 5 4 - - - - - - 30 397 354 Jeonnam - 6 3 - - - - 1 - - - - - - 2 - - - - - - 29 315 280 Gyeongbuk 1 5 - - - - - - 7 - - - - 1 4 - - - - - - 20 368 364 Gyeongnam 1 4 2 - - - 1 1 2 - - - - - 2 1 2 - - - - 38 573 507 Jeju - 1 1 - - - - 12 83 73 -: No reported cases. Cum: Cumulative counts of the year from 1st week to current week. * Incidence data for reporting years 2009 are provisional, whereas data for 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 are finalized. Reported cases contain all case classifications (Confirmed, Suspected, Asymptomatic carrier) of the disease, respectively. Calculated by averaging the cumulative counts from 1st week to current week, for a total of 5 preceding years. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 242
3.0 11.4 4.0 2.0 7.6 5.2 1.3 3.1 2.8 1.9 5.1 8.3 3.9 7.9 12.0 2.1 7.7. 6.7 -: No reported cases. Cum: Cumulative counts of the year from 1st week to current week. * Incidence data for reporting years 2008 and 2009 are provisional. Reported cases contains all case classifications (Confirmed, Suspected, Asymptomatic carrier) of the disease, respectively. Calculated by averaging the cumulative counts from 1st week to current week, for a total of 5 preceding years. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 243
PUBLIC HEALTH WEEKLY REPORT, KCDC