영어교육연구제 22 권 4 호 2010 년겨울 대학생들의영어모음발음과지각 ( ) Yang, Byunggon. (2010). College students production and perception of English vowels. English Language Te
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1 영어교육연구제 22 권 4 호 2010 년겨울 대학생들의영어모음발음과지각 ( ) Yang, Byunggon. (2010). College students production and perception of English vowels. English Language Teaching, 22(4), Correct production and perception of English vowels are important in the communication with international speakers. Many college students, even English majors, seem to lack an appropriate level of speaking and listening ability to discriminate English vowels. The purpose of this study is to examine 51 college students on their training background and ability to produce and perceive English vowels. They participated in the perception test and word recording. The recorded sounds were acoustically and auditorily observed to determine whether they could discriminate some pairs of English vowels or not. Results showed that almost half of the students could not produce and perceive the vowels correctly which matched the results of their answers to the questionnaire. The author concludes that current education of English vowels needs improvement. Sufficient time and practice on the vowel pronunciation are desirable to end the vicious cycle that leads to poor acquisition of students of secondary education by unprepared English teachers. I. 서론.,. (, 2005; Ahn, 2001, 2002; Yang, 2005, 2008),
2 166., bed bad,..,., (, 2006; Fant, 1975).,.,... 1 (F1), 2 (F2), Pickett(1987), F1, /æ/, /i/, F2, /i/, /u/ mel 1 (Yang, 1996, p. 257, Figure 4).
3 /ɪ, ʊ, ɔ, æ/ (, 1997, 2008). /ɪ/,,. /ʊ/,,. Yang(1996) mel,.,,. /ɪ, ʊ/, /æ, ɑ/. /æ/ F1. /ɔ/ /ɑ/. /ɑ/.
4 168 (, 2005;, 2006;, 2001; Yang, 2010). (2005) bvt 10..,,, /æ, ɑ, ɔ/.., /i-ɪ/ 6 3 F1, F1 (Ladefoged, 2001). F1 F2 (, 2009a, 2009b; Yang, 2010), (JY),. /u-ʊ/. (2001). /i-ɪ/ F1 59 Hz, 6 Hz, /u-ʊ/ 29 Hz 56 Hz. /i-ɪ/ F1 F2, 73 Hz. /u-ʊ/, 1. (Huxley & Ingram, 1971; Lenneberg, 1967) 6 28 (2006),.,
5 169,, 50%,., (F1, F2), F1 F2, F1 F2 F1 F2..., (, 2009a, 2009b, 2010).,,,.,,.,,.. 1)? 2)? 3)?.
6 170 II. 연구방법 , , 7 ( ) /i-ɪ/ /ɛ-æ/ /u-ʊ/ : sheep-ship, steal-still, deed-did, leave-live, heel-hill, eat-it : said-sad, guess-gas, set-sat, X-axe, bed-bad, left-laughed : who d-hood, stewed-stood, fool-full, shooed-should, cooed-could, pool-pull hvd heed, hid, head, had, hod, hawed, who d, hood. Hillenbrand, Getty, Clark Wheeler(1995) 45 (m01, m02, m03).
7 171 3., 38. 2, 18, ,. Sennheiser (Samsung Sens X10) 22 khz. 12..,. Praat(version 5.12),, F1 F2.. 2 had head. F1 686 Hz, F Hz,.
8 had head. 50 ms,. SPSS 14.0 for Windows. III. 연구결과분석및논의 %. 12.7% steal-still eat-it %, who d-hood 37.3%. 50%., 918.
9 % %, %. 84.3% 64.9%, , /i-ɪ/ 52.9%, /ɛ-æ/ /u-ʊ/ 45.4%, 37.3% , (%).
10 (%) i-ɪ deed-did heel-hill leave-live sheep-ship steal-still eat-it 17(33) 19(37) 22(43) 31(61) 34(67) 39(76) 1 25(49) 17(33) 22(43) 16(31) 13(25) 8(16) 9(18) 15(29) 7(14) 4(8) 4(8) 4(8) ɛ-æ guess-gas left-laughed set-sat bed-bad said-sad X-axe 15(29) 18(35) 23(45) 23(45) 25(49) 35(69) 1 24(47) 27(53) 21(41) 24(47) 21(41) 12(24) 12(24) 6(12) 7(14) 4(8) 5(10) 4(8) u-ʊ who d-hood full-fool cooed-could stewed-stood pool-pull shooed-should 15(29) 16(31) 17(33) 19(37) 22(43) 25(49) 1 13(25) 26(51) 19(37) 28(55) 25(49) 18(35) 23(45) 9(18) 15(29) 4(8) 4(8) 8(16) /i-ɪ/ deed-did 33%. eat-it 76%. leave-live 43%. live leave. /ɛ-æ/ guess-gas 29%, X-axe 69%. left-laughed., set-sat, bed-bad, said-sad 50%., /æ/,. /u-ʊ/ who d-hood guess-gas 29%, 50% (12 ), 12.
11 i-ɪ ɛ-æ ɔ-ɑ u-ʊ (%) ( ) ( ) (%) %., % %.. /ɔ-ɑ/ 54.2%, /i-ɪ/ 50%, /u-ʊ/ 29.2%, /ɛ-æ/ 20.8% ( ) ( ) (%) , 3 3, 1 4, 2 7., 8.3% %, 2 50% %.
![176 11. (Ladefoged, 2001).. (2001).,,, (Yang, 2006). /ɔ/ [oʊ].](/docs-images/101/150190690/images/12-0.jpg "F1 100 Hz, F1 F2. 4 hid-heed. F1 F2 2400 Hz 2820 Hz.. 4. hid heed F2.")
12 (Ladefoged, 2001).. (2001).,,, (Yang, 2006). /ɔ/ [oʊ]. F1 100 Hz, F1 F2. 4 hid-heed. F1 F Hz 2820 Hz.. 4. hid heed F2., 5, 4, hood-who d F2 /ʊ/.
13 hood who d 3. ( ), %. 41.2% (23.5%), (54.9%), 9.,. 19 (37.3%), % %, 2~4 10 (19.6%), 1 9 (17.6%), 2.,. 84.3% 43, 24 (47.1%)., 8..
14 % 7, 17.6% 9. 6.,. Pearson 0.977(p<.05). /i-ɪ/ 50%, /u-ʊ/ 13.7%, 11%. /i-ɪ/ 70.6%, 66.6%. /ɛ-æ/ 54.9% 58.8%, /ɔ-ɑ/ 52.9% 49.0%, /u-ʊ/ 27.4% 29.4%.. 6.
15 /i-ɪ/ 70.6%, 52.9% 20.6%, /ɛ-æ/ 58.8% 45.4%, 34.1%. 13.6% 13.4%.,.,
16 180 /u-ʊ/ 50%.. (, 2008). (2002),,.,. IV. 요약및결론, 51,,..,. /i-ɪ/ 52.9%, /u-ʊ/ 37.3%.,,. 50%, 30%. 60%.,
17 181,,..,. 참고문헌. (2005).., 12(2), (2006).., 48(2), (2001). /æ/, /ɔ/, /ɑ/., 8(4), (1997).., 7, (2005).., 12(3), (2008). :. :.. (2009a).., 16(3), (2009b).., 16(4), (2010).., 17(2), (2002). -., 17(10), (2001).., 8(4), Ahn, Soowoong. (2001). An electropalatographic study of English l, r and the Korean liquid sound. Speech Sciences, 8(2), Ahn, Soowoong. (2002). The electropalatographic evidence of the Korean flap: An intervocalic Korean liquid sound. Speech Sciences, 9(3), Fant, G. (1975). Speech production, STL-QPSR, 2-3, 1-19.
18 182 Hillenbrand, J. M., Getty, L. A., Clark, M. J., & Wheeler, K. (1995). Acoustic characteristics of American English vowels. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 97, Huxley, R., & Ingram, E. (1971). Language acquisition: Models and methods. London: Academic Press. Ladefoged, P. (2001). A course in phonetics. Boston: Heinle & Heinle. Lenneberg, E. (1967). Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley and Sons. Pickett, J. (1987). The sounds of speech communication: A primer of acoustic phonetics and speech perception. Austin, Texas: Pro-ed. Yang, Byunggon. (1996). A comparative study of English and Korean monophthongs produced by male and female speakers. Journal of Phonetics, 24, Yang, Byunggon. (2005). Korean students pronunciation of minimal pairs of English words with a fricative. Annual Review of English Learning & Teaching, 10, Yang, Byunggon. (2006). Discrimination of synthesized English vowels by American and Korean listeners. Speech Sciences, 13(1), Yang, Byunggon. (2008). An analysis of the English l sound produced by Korean students. Speech Sciences, 15(1), Yang, Byunggon. (2010). Formant trajectories of English high tense and lax vowels produced by Korean and American speakers. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 35(2),
19 183 부록 : 설문지 1.. *2.. *,,... : : : ; ; ; ( ) ; ; ; ( ) 1~4 ; 1 ; 2~4 ; ; heed [i] hid [ɪ] who d [u] hood [ʊ] head [ɛ] had [æ] hawed [ɔ] hod [ɑ] 3.. *4. heed[i], hid[ɪ]. who d[u], hood[ʊ]. head[ɛ], had[æ]. hawed[ɔ], hod[ɑ]. 4.. heed[i], hid[ɪ]. who d[u], hood[ʊ]. head[ɛ], had[æ]. hawed[ɔ], hod[ɑ].
20 184 (Applicable levels): (college) (Key words): (English pronunciation), (English vowels), (vowel perception), (formant analysis) 30 Tel: Fax: Received on September 30, 2010 Reviewed on October 23, 2010 Revised version received on November 15, 2010
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대한마취과학회지 2008; 55: 190~6 Korean J Anesthesiol Vol. 55, No. 2, August, 2008 임상연구 대한민국의 마취통증의학 임상실습 현황 연세대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 및 마취통증의학연구소 장동진ㆍ안소운ㆍ안지원ㆍ김종훈 The current status of anesthesiology clerkship in Korea
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34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of
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Effects of baseball expertise and stimulus speeds on coincidence-anticipation timing accuracy of batting Jong-Hwa Lee, Seok-Jin Kim, & Seon-Jin Kim* Seoul National University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results]
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Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.63-81 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.63 * The Grounds and Consequences of the Elementary School Teachers' Trust Formation
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語 文 論 文 繼 承 語 學 習 者 의 한국어 統 合 學 習 을 위한 딕토글로스(Dictogloss)의 活 用 事 例 연구 * 1) 李 香 根 (서울 敎 大 國 語 敎 育 科 敎 授 ) 要 約 및 抄 錄 이 연구는 繼 承 語 學 習 者 의 한국어 통합 學 習 을 위한 교육방법으로 딕 토글로스의 가치를 살펴보고 구체적인 활용 事 例 를 살피고자 하였다. 韓 國
KIM Sook Young : Lee Jungsook, a Korean Independence Activist and a Nurse during the 이며 나름 의식이 깨어있던 지식인들이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 교육을 받은 간 호부들은 환자를 돌보는 그들의 직업적 소
1 의사학 제24권 제1호(통권 제49호) 2015년 4월 Korean J Med Hist 24 ː1-34 Apr 2015 c대한의사학회 http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2015.24.1 pissn 1225-505X, eissn 2093-5609 간호부 이정숙의 독립운동 김숙영* 1. 서론 2. 본론 1) 출생에서 정신여학교 수학시절까지
Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타
RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: : * Discussions on
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.117-138 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.117 : * Discussions on a Rapidly Changing Society and Early Childhood Safety
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Ⅱ 논술 지도의 방법과 실제 2. 읽기에서 논술까지 의 개발 배경 읽기에서 논술까지 자료집 개발의 본래 목적은 초 중 고교 학교 평가에서 서술형 평가 비중이 2005 학년도 30%, 2006학년도 40%, 2007학년도 50%로 확대 되고, 2008학년도부터 대학 입시에서 논술 비중이 커지면서 논술 교육은 학교가 책임진다. 는 풍토 조성으로 공교육의 신뢰성과
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아카데미 토론 평가에 대한 재고찰 - 토론승패와 설득은 일치하는가 - 장혜영 (명지대) 1. 들어가는 말 토론이란 무엇일까? 토론에 대한 정의는 매우 다양하다. 안재현 과 오창훈은 토론에 대한 여러 정의들을 검토한 후 이들을 종합하 여 다음과 같이 설명하고 있다. 토론이란 주어진 주제에 대해 형 식과 절차에 따라 각자 자신의 의견을 합리적으로 주장하여 상대
Apparel Purchase Behaviors and Image Preferences of Preteen Girls and Their Mothers: Considering Preteen Girls BMI and Body Image Department of Home Economics Education, Pai Chai University Assistant Professor
국립국어원 20010-00-00 발간등록번호 00-000000-000000-00 국어정책 통계 조사 및 통계 연보 작성 연구책임자 이순영 제 출 문 국립국어원장 귀하 국어정책 통계 조사 및 통계 연보 작성 에 관하여 귀 원과 체결한 연 구 용역 계약에 의하여 연구 보고서를 작성하여 제출합니다. 2010년 12월 2일 연구책임자: 이순영(고려대학교 국어교육과)
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Purpose: Delayed massive hemorrhages from pseudoaneurysm rupture of the peripancreatic large arteries, after pancreaticoduodenectomy, are fatal. We reviewed the clinical course and outcome of bleeding
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Page 1 of 5 Learn Korean Ep. 4: To be and To exist Of course to be and to exist are different verbs, but they re often confused by beginning students when learning Korean. In English we sometimes use the
A Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran
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언어장애의 몇 가지 유형에서 관찰되는 어휘빈도와 음운변화 효과 * 김충명 남기춘 ** (광주대학교 고려대학교) Kim, Choong-Myung and Nam, Kichun. 2008. The Effects of Korean Word Frequency and Phonological Change in Several Types of Language Disorder.
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ISSN 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
11-1320082-000013-09 ISSN 1738-2963 2015 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies 2015. 12 ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE : 통학버스를중심으로 차례 전병주 * 최은영 ** Ⅰ. 서론 1) Ⅱ. 이론적배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과
Analysis of teacher s perception and organization on physical education elective courses Chang-Wan Yu* Korea Institute of curriculum and evaluation [Purpose] [Methods] [Results] [Conclusions] Key words:
118 김정민 송신철 심규철 을 미치기 때문이다(강석진 등, 2000; 심규철 등, 2001; 윤치원 등, 2005; 하태경 등, 2004; Schibeci, 1983). 모둠 내에서 구성원들이 공동으 로 추구하는 학습 목표의 달성을 위하여 각자 맡은 역할에 따라 함께
과학교육연구지,37권 1호,pp.117-130(2013.5) Jour.Sci.Edu,Vol.37,No.1,pp.117-130(2013.5) 생물 학습을 위한 고등학생 소집단과 교사의 면담에서 나타나는 상호작용 유형 분석 김정민 송신철 1 심규철 2 * 환경생태교육연구소 1 경기신길고등학교 2 공주대학교 The Patterns of Interaction in
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Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.6, No.2, February (2016), pp. 325-332 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2016.09 한국의 대학운영제도 변화를 위한 K-MOOC 활용방안에
한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원 주최 2015 추계전국학술대회 프로그램 주제 교양교육의 : 당면과제와 전망 일시 : 2015년 11월 20일(금) 14:00~19:00, 21일(토) 09:00~17:00 장소 : 경남대학교 1공학관(공과대학 6층
2015학년도 추계전국학술대회 한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원 추계전국학술대회 자료집 주제 : 교양교육의 당면과제와 전망 2015년 11월 20일(금) ~ 21일(토) 경남대학교 1공학관(공과대학 6층, 7층) 주최 : 한국교양교육학회 / 전국대학교양교육협의회 / 한국교양기초교육원 주관 : 경남대학교 교양기초교육원 한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원
KISEP Head and Neck Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42:762-9 편도적출술과편도및아데노이드적출술후음성변화에관한음성학적및영상학적연구 이종환 1 구교준 1 구한얼 1 김유찬 1 구수권 1 이상화 1 왕수건 2 김학진 3 양병곤 4 An A
KISEP Head and Neck Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42:762-9 편도적출술과편도및아데노이드적출술후음성변화에관한음성학적및영상학적연구 이종환 1 구교준 1 구한얼 1 김유찬 1 구수권 1 이상화 1 왕수건 2 김학진 3 양병곤 4 An Acoustic and Radiologic Study on Voice Change after
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한국소음진동공학회 2015추계학술대회논문집년 Study of Noise Pattern and Psycho-acoustics Characteristic of Household Refrigerator * * ** ** Kyung-Soo Kong, Dae-Sik Shin, Weui-Bong Jeong, Tae-Hoon Kim and Se-Jin Ahn Key Words
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에너지기후변화교육 4(2):203~211(2014) 203 초등학교 교과서 에너지 단원의 탐구활동과 시각자료 기능 분석 사례 연구 신명경 권경필 * 경인교육대학교 Abstract : This study aimed to analyze energy related inquiry activity and visual materials in elementary textbook.
26 영미연구 제9집 어떠한 방법으로 가르쳐야 하는가에 대한 필자의 시도이다. 사실 이러한 문제들 은 교과목 이름을 어떻게 하고 가르치든지 간에 모든 교수님들이 매 학기마다 항 상 부딪히는 문제이다. 필자는 이러한 문제는 공개적인 논의를 통해 영미 소설을 가르치는 교수
영미 소설 강의의 중요 쟁점과 사례 연구 2)성 경 준* 차 례 I. 문제 제기 Ⅱ. 영미 소설 강의 목표와 그 의미 Ⅲ. 텍스트의 선택과 구체적인 쟁점 1. 텍스트의 선택과 중요 쟁점 2. 각 교재에 대한 구체적 강의 사례와 보충 텍스트 Ⅳ. 구체적인 강의 방법과 문제점 I. 문제 제기 현재 우리나라 대학 강단에서 영미 소설 교육은 다양한 형태의 교과목 이름을
272 石 堂 論 叢 49집 기꾼이 많이 확인된 결과라 할 수 있다. 그리고 이야기의 유형이 가족 담, 도깨비담, 동물담, 지명유래담 등으로 한정되어 있음도 확인하였 다. 전국적인 광포성을 보이는 이인담이나 저승담, 지혜담 등이 많이 조사되지 않은 점도 특징이다. 아울
271 부산지역 구비설화 이야기꾼의 현황과 특징 정 규 식* 1) - 목 차 - Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 부산지역 구비설화 이야기꾼의 전반적 현황 1. 이야기꾼의 여성 편중성 2. 구연 자료의 민요 편중성 3. 이야기꾼의 가변적 구연력 4. 이야기 유형의 제한성 5. 이야기꾼 출생지의 비부산권 강세 Ⅲ. 부산지역 구비설화 이야기꾼의 특징 Ⅳ. 결론 개 요 본고의 목적은
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: NCS : * A Study on
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Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Effect of Paren
Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.95-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.95 * The Effect of Parent Education Program Using Action Learning on Family
. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( )
. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ,. (, 2011),, 1980 5 49.9%, 4 (20.3%). 1985, 5 (39.0%), 4 (25.3%).
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Objective: This paper reviews the existing Korean medical and public health, and nursing academy articles on disease-specific and domain-specific quality of life, and provides recommendations for the universally
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The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial
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(02)3453-9964 (02)3453-9964 English Language School www.baewha.ac.kr / www.ybmuniv.com English Language School (Reading) (Listening) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Question &Answer Baewha Women s College www.baewha.ac.kr
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김진주 김수연. 초등학생대상장애이해교육에활용된동화에나타난장애인관분석. 특수교육, 2013, 제12권, 제2호, 135-160... 20.,,. 4.,,.,..... 주제어 : 장애이해교육, 동화, 장애인관 1. ( 1 ) Incheon Munhak Elementary School ( )(, E-mail: sooyoun@ginue.ac.kr) Dept. of
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02 03 04 05 06 07 08 2 두개저-경추 연접부 척추 심포지엄 개최 가정혈압 수원심포지엄 성황리에 개최 외과의 Christopher Ames교수들이 참여 했다. 특히, 홍재택 교수(신경외과)와 UCSF 의 Christopher Ames 교수가 각각 진행한 두 증례의 live surgery를 통해 여러 교수 들의 수술 방법을 토론하는 자리가 되었