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1 Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 4, N. 5, pp. 4~4, 009. DOI: /KCERS The Synthesis and Pre Prperty f Hydrgen Membranes Derived frm Plysilazane as Inrganic Plymer Il Min Kwn, In-Hyuck Sng, Yung-J Park, Jae-Wk Lee, Hui-suk Yun, and Hai-D Kim Engineering Ceramics Grup, Krea Institute f Materials Science, Changwn , Krea (Received July 15, 009; Revised August 11, 009; Accepted August 1, 009)» š s w w»œp «Á x Á Á Á Á½w ( ; ; ) ABSTRACT We investigated the pre prperties f inrganic membranes applied fr hydrgen separatin industry. Inrganic membranes were derived frm plysilazanes. The thermal reactins invlved were studied using thermgravimetry(tg) and IR spectrscpy(ftir) f the slids. T determine the thermal effect f pre prperties, plysilazanes were pyrlysed in inert atmsphere. Pre vlume and BET surface area shwed the maximum value at a pyrlysis temperature f 500 C. Fr amrphus SiCN membrane derived frm plysilazanes, selectivity f H /N was 4.81 at 00 C. Key wrds : Hydrgen, Separatin, Preceramic plymer, Micrpre 1. ƒÿ š w š, w» w y ey w ƒ ƒÿ š. w» ƒ yk z mw w w» w ù w k n w w w. p w k n ùkü» w» œ š y y» w w šz w wš w w. p» š» ù,» š w ü yw w š œ ƒ q»» š œ w» š. w yƒ ƒ w» š w, yw š», Crrespnding authr : In-Hyuck Sng sih154@kims.re.kr Tel : Fax : ¼š, w j» s, tƒœ, yw œ ƒ, 1,)»» w y š. p» š 3-5)» w k n» š ƒ w 00 C š» w. w» w w, ú ƒ ƒ» œ ƒ l. ƒ y e» w.» œ ù z s w š k œ š. w» y ww» ww» Ÿ w š. p ky w w œ w ƒ y w w š.,7)» d (supprt layer), d(intermediate layer),» d (tp layer) 3, d 4
2 43 «Á xá Á Á Á½w d gqw z gqw w. m q ù wš, d»œ j»ƒ ù w. 7)» w silcn preceramic š wš, chemical vapr depsitin(cvd) 4) - œ w 8) w w. š x œ SiCN s»(ar, N ) š w. 9) š y» ƒ w g»š s (plysilazane) w ƒ»œ p q w. š» š w p (TG), yw w(ftir),»œ p (BET) y w. w ù (supprt layer) w, d (intermediate layer)»š s SiC ù yw w spin cating œ w,» (tp layer) s w spin cating œ mw w. n k w d w.. x q ù(s³»œj»: 0.3 µm,»œ : 30%, Nanpre Materials, Krea) w. w d SiC (s³ : 50 nm, Sigma-Aldrich C., USA) y s (plysilazane 0, Kin C., USA) w isprpyle alchl yww ù spin cating w. yw SiC:s :isprpyle alchl=4:50:50(wt%). g q d 00 C 10 w ƒ e z» 500 C w. d w s w yw Fig ) x d spin cating w z 00 C 10 w ƒ e z» w. w 1C/min w 500, 00, 700, 800 C w. w ƒ» š w p TG (TA, SDT Q00) FTIR (Perkin Elmer, Spectrum GX) w w,»œp Prsimetry (Micrmeritics, ASAP 00) w w. v t BET w w š, 11) Fig. 1. The structure f the plysilazane (plysilazane 0, Kin). Fig.. Thermal behavir f plysilazanes in N atmsphere. j»œ p Lippens de Ber w š, 1)»œ j» Hrvath-Kawaze 13) w., d, x t FE-SEM(JEOL, JSM-400) y w š, n k d w p e w d w. 3. x š spin cating w d(intermediate layer),» d(tp layer) œ (Al O 3 ) w x w w. w(crack) j»œ ƒ x» š p w š. 14) w SiC, s, isprpyle alchl yww gqœ mw d x g, d» d w»œj» y w w w» w.» š s w š mw w ù w» ƒ sƒw. Fig. w s» 10 C/min d w wz
3 » š s w w»œp 44 Fig. 3. FTIR spectra f the plysilazanes: pyrlysed at (a) 00 C, (b) 500 C, and (c) 700 C in N atmsphere. Fig. 4. Nitrgen adsrptin and desrptin istherms f the plysilazanes pyrlysed at (a) 500, (b) 00, and (c) 700 C in N atmsphere. w TG š C¾.0% š. Jhn P. Dismukes et al. 15) s x» w tw, 50~350 C¾ plysilazane ligmer, 350~500 C¾ NH 3 CH 4, š 500 C CH 4 { w š šw, TG x w q. Fig. 3 s» 00, 500, 700 C ƒƒ w z d w FTIR rp. ƒƒ vj w w w Fig. 3 t w, 00 C ƒ w 3391 cm 1 N-H w, 957 cm 1 C-H 3 w, 18 cm 1 Si-H w, 154 cm 1 Si-CH 3 w, 114 cm Si-NH-Si 1 Si-(CH ) n -Si w, 1) 884 cm 1 Si-H w, 17) 755 cm 1 Si-CH 3 w 18) ùkû. ƒ ƒw 3391 cm 1 N-H, 18 cm 1 Si-H w (Fig. 3(b)), z 500 C C-H 3, Si-CH 3 w w 700 C y w (Fig. 3(c)). w ƒ 500 C 00~1100 cm 1 ƒ ùkû, 995 cm 1 Si-N w 1) 811 cm 1 Si-C w 1) x SiCN» x y w. Fig. 4 s» š k š (adsrptin and desrptin istherms) ùkü, Table 1»œ v, t, j»œ, j»œ ùkü. ƒƒ 500, 00, 700 C,» w.» 500 C w t m /g š j»œ m /g 88.3% j»œ x. t j»œ 500 C ƒ, ƒ ƒw»œ v, BET t, j»œ w, p 700 C»œ p y j»œ. Fig. 5 d»œ j» s Hrvath-Kawaze w.»œ j» s»œ v ƒ û 500 C 00 C w ù,»œ j» s j ùkü w.»œ j» 500 C 0.7 nm, 00 C 0.7 nm. y»œ v y w e»œ j» j Table 1. Pre Characteristics f the Plysilazane Pyrlysed at 500, 00, and 700 C in N Atmsphere Pyrlysis Temp. ( C) Pre vlume (cm 3 /g) BET surface area (m /g) Micrpre area (m /g) External surface area (m /g) [micrpre area/ BET surface area] 100 (%) «5y(009)
4 권일민 송인혁 박영조 이재욱 윤희숙 김해두 45 Fig. 5. Hrvath-Kawaze differential pre vlume plts f the plysilazanes pyrlysed at (a) 500 and (b) 00 C in N atmsphere. Fig.. Crss-sectin views f (a) plysilazane tp layer and (b) SiC intermediate layer pyrlysed at 500 C N atmsphere. Gas Permeatin Prperties at Rm Temperature f the Plysilazane Membranes Pyrlysis H permeance N permeance Selectivity Temp. ( C) (mle/m s Pa) (mle/m s Pa) [H /N ] Table. 5 는 것으로 판단된다. TG(Fig. ), FTIR(Fig. 3)과 BET 측정결과(Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Table 1)로부터 폴리실라잔을 이용한 마이크로 기공의 형 성은 비교적 성공적이라고 판단된다. 아직 무기고분자에 서 형성되는 기공의 원인은 정확하게 규명된 바는 없으나 참고문헌에 의하면 폴리실라잔과 같은 무기고분자가 열처 리시 생성되는 NH, CH 와 같은 미세 분자의 탈휘발화 (devlatilizatin)와 무기 고분자의 화학적 진화(evlutin)에 의해 기공이 형성된다고 보고되었다. 따라서 500 C와 00 C에서 열처리한 폴리실라잔 막의 기공은 열처리시 발 생하는 CH 가스에 의한 형성과 폴리실라잔이 비정형 SiCN 으로의 화학적 변화에 의한 결과라고 사료된다. Fig. 은 질소분위기 500 C에서 열처리하여 제조된 분 리막의 파단면 사진을 나타낸다. Fig. 의 (b) 지점은 폴 리실라잔과 SiC 나노 분말 혼합 용액에 의한 spin cating 공정으로 제조한 중간 층이며, (a)는 중간층 위에 폴리실 라잔을 spin cating한 후 500 C에서 열처리하여 제조한 분리막 층의 사진이다. Fig. 에서와 같이 무기막과 중간 층이 균일하게 spin cating이 되었으며, 비교적 결점이 없 는 상태임을 확인하였다. 이 무기막의 두께는 약 1~ µm 였다. Fig. 7은 질소분위기 500 C에서 열처리한 폴리실라잔만 을 채취하여 투과전자현미경(TEM)으로 관찰한 사진이다 ,19) 4 한국세라믹학회지 Fig. 7. TEM image f plysilazane pyrlysed at 500 C N atmsphere. 전체적으로 균일한 미세구조를 보여 주고 있으며, 제한시 야회절상(SAD)을 통하여 비정질 상으로 이루어 졌음을 관찰할 수 있었다. Table 에 알루미나 지지층, SiC 중간층, 폴리실라잔 막 으로 제조한 수소 분리막을 각각 500, 00, 700 C에서 열 처리한 후, 수소와 질소의 투과도 실험 결과를 나타내었 다. 수소의 투과도는 10 에서 10 mle/m.s.pa 범위로 비 교적 양호한 값을 보여주고 있으며, 선택도(selectivity f H /N ) 측면에서는 4 이상의 값을 보여주고 있다. 이는 아 직까지 분리도 측면에서 실제 상용화하기에는 낮은 값으 로 판단되지만, 이론적으로 누센 확산(Knudsen diffusin) 에 의한 수소와 질소의 선택도 3.75보다는 높은 값을 보 5
5 š. y» s³ ƒ»œ j» j, y»»œ w y. y,»œ y» t y» w š q w. wz» š x œ w p». 4.» š»»œ p sƒw. BET k SiCN s w»œ p ùkü. p s w»œ p sƒw» 500 C 00 C w r t (497.9, 14.1 m /g) ww 0)»œ j»(1 nm w) w»œj»(0.7, 0.7 nm) ùkü. w, ù SiC d s spin catingw x w 00 C w (H /N ) ƒ REFERENCES 1. S.-H. Hyun, Present Status and Preparatin Technlgy f Ceramic Membranes, Membrane J., 3 [1] 1-11 (1993).. H. Y. Ha, S. W. Nam, and S.-A. Hng, Fabricatin and Applicatin f Inrganic Membranes, Membrane J., 9 [] -8 (1999). 3. H. Takaba, K. Mizukami, M. Kub, A. fahmi, and A. Miyamt, Permeatin Dynamics f Small Mlecules Silica Membranes: Mlecular Dynamics Thrugh Study, AIChE Jurnal, 44 [] (1998). 4. Anil K. Prabhu and S. Ted Oyama, Highly Hydrgen Selective Ceramic Membranes: Applicatin t the Transfrmatin f Greenhuse Gases, J. Membrane Sci., (000). 5. G. Xmeritakis, S. Naik, C.M. Braunbarth, and C.J. Crnelius, Organic-templated Silica Membranes I. Gas and Vapr Transprt Prperties, J. Membrane Sci., (004).. T. M. Nenff, R. J. Spntak, and C. M. Aberg, Membranes» š s w w»œp 4 fr Hydrgen Purificatin: An Imprtant Step Tward a Hydrgen-Based Ecnmy, MRS bull., (00). 7. SU Lin and MU Harada, CO Separatin During Hydrcarbn Gasificatin, Energy, (005). 8. SU Kurungt, T. Yamaguchi, and S.-i. Naka, Rh/γ-Al O 3 Catalytic Layer Integrated with Sl-gel Synthesized Micrprus Silica Membrane fr Cmpact Membrane Reactr Applicatins, Catal. Lett., 8 [4] (003). 9. H. Uhlig, M. Frieβ, P. Lamparter, and S. Steeb, Lcal Order f Plymer Derived Amrphus Si x C y N z, J. Appl. Phys., 83 [11] (1998). 10. A Data Sheet fr the Si/C/N Precursr Plymer used in this Study is Available at: S. Brunauer, P. H. Emmet, and E. Teller, Adsrptin f Gases in Multimlecular Layers, J. Am. Chem. Sc., (1938). 1. B. C. Lippens and J. H. de Ber, Studies n Pre Systems in Catalysts V: The t Methd, J. Catal., 4 [3] (195). 13. G. Hrvath and K. Kawaze, Methd fr The Calculatin f Effective Pre Size Distributin in Mlecular Sieve Carbn, J. Chem. Eng. Japan, 1 [] (1983). 14. H. Suda, H. Yamauchi, Y. Uchimaru, I. Fujiwara, and K. Haraya, Preparatin and Gas Permeatin Prperties f Silicn Carbide Based Inrganic Membranes fr Hydrgen Separatin, Desalinatin, (00). 15. Jhn P. Dismukes, Jack W. Jhnsn, Jhn S. Bradley, and Jhn M. Millar, Chemical Synthesis f Micrprus Nnxide Ceramics frm Plysilazanes, Chem. Mater., 9 [3] (1997). 1. Zhe Chen, K. Prasad, C.Y. Li, S.S. Su, D. Gui, P.W. Lu, X. He, and S. Balakumar, Characterizatin and Perfrmance f Dielectric Diffusin Barriers fr Cu Metallizatin, Thin Slid Films, (004). 17. F. Bauer, U. Decker, A. Dierdrf, H. Ernst, R. Heller, H. Liebe, and R. Mehnert, Preparatin f Misture Curable Plysilazane Catings Part I. Elucidatin f Lw Temperature Curing Kinetics by FT-IR Spectrscpy, Prg. Org. Cat., 53 [3] (005). 18. J.H. Wang, P.T. Liu, T.S. Chang, T.C. Chang and L.J. Chen, Structural Characteristics and Interfacial Reactins f Lw Dielectric Cnstant Prus Plysilazane fr Cu Metallizatin, Thin Slid Films, (004). 19. Z. Li, K. Kusakabe, and S. Mrka, Preparatin f Thermstable Amrphus Si-C-O Membrane and its Applicatin t Gas Separatin at Elevated Temperature, J. Membrane Sci., (199). 0. Y. Iwamt, K. Sat, T. Kat, T. Inada and Y. Kub, A Hydrgen -Permselective Amrphus Silica Membrane Derived frm Plysilazane, J. Eu. Ceram. Sc., (005). 4«5y(009)
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