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1 Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 2, pp. 155~160, Thermally Stimulated Deplarizatin Current Test fr Reliability f X5R MLCC Ji-Yung Park, Jae-Sung Park, Yung-Tae Kim, and Kang-Hen Hur MLCC R&D Grup, LCR Divisin, Samsung Electr-Mechanics C. Ltd., Suwn , Krea (Received Nvember 14, 2008; Accepted December 9, 2008) TSDC w X5R MLCC sƒ Á Á½ káx x» LCR LCR q ( ; ) ABSTRACT The reliability culd be ne f the essential prperties fr multilayer ceramic capacitr (MLCC) using in varius electrnic devices and the cncentratin and mbility f xygen vacancy wuld play imprtant rle in the reliability. T investigate the migratin behavir f xygen vacancies, thermally stimulated deplarizatin current (TSDC) is adpted. In dielectric material f X5R MLCC, the TSD-Current peak bserved arund 150 C and 200 C which represented the migratin f xygen vacancy. Substituting Yttrium fr Dysprsium in X5R MLCC shwed higher migratin activatin energy and lwer TSD current density. Key wrds : Thermally stimulated deplarizatin current, TSDC, X5R, BaTiO 3, Reliability 1. w š IT»» xy, š y, y t y MLCC x, š y,. š MLCC x w w y yƒ w wƒš. sƒ w wƒš. TSDC (Thermally Stimulated Deplarizatin Current) ƒw k ü d w, œ, diple, œœ relaxatin w w. x trap 1,2) w w ü defect (diple, trap charge, mbile in ), s ƒ š. Ni-MLCC w w ƒ w parameter TSDC w, w y ƒ œœ y w. w mw Crrespnding authr : Ji-Yung Park jiyung007.park@samsung.cm Tel : Fax : dw. TSDC x mw» lƒ w y f TSDC x sƒ ƒ w mw. 2. x X5R Ni-MLCC Dy Dy Y ƒ w r TSDC d w. x X5R š» š rare earth element Dy 2 O 3 ƒ» Y 2 O 3 š p w ù, w œ y. Dy+Y yw w p sƒ, Dy ƒ Dy+Y yw ƒ p w ù ƒ û. TSDC d mw Dy:Y 10:0, 6 : 4, 4 : 6, 0 :10 ƒw defect š d w. n TSG-mill (Amex, Japan) 7m/s 80 w w X5R MLCC y wwš n z rpm Ball-millw 155
2 박지영 박재성 김영태 허강헌 156 극으로 사용하였다. 이 시편을 250 C까지 측정 가능한 Delta Chamber에 넣고, 시료에 인가하는 전압은 V 까지 가변할 수 있는 Keithley 237 기기를 이용하였고, 시 편으로부터 발생하는 열자극 탈분극 전류는 전류계(Keithley, 6517 electrmeter 또는 237 surce-measure unit)를 사용 하여 측정하였다. 먼저 시편 내에 이미 존재하고 있을 분극 성분을 제거 하기 위하여 시편의 온도를 200 C까지 올려 10분 동안 유 지한 다음, 인가전압 E 와 인가시간 t 를 선택하여 분극 시 킨 후 상온으로 급냉하였다(Fig. 1). 온도를 다시 상승시키 기 전에 인가했던 전기장을 제거하고 20분간 유지 후 전 극을 전류계에 연결한 다음 일정한 승온 속도(2.5 C/min) 로 온도를 올리면서 나타나는 탈분극 전류를 측정하였다. P P Literature 결과 및 고찰 Survey f Degradatin Resistance The Prcess f TSDC Technique : 1. hetercharge (= ppsite sign f the plarizing electrde), 2: cexistence f hetercharge and hmcharge(= same sign as plarizing electrde). 7) 성형 슬러리를 제조하였다. 대략 10 um 정도의 두께로 sheet를 성형한 후 적층, 압착, 절단 과정을 통하여 green 유전체 후판(~1 mm) 시편을 준비하였다. 이들을 400 C에 서 3시간 가소 한 후 P 1% 분위기 하에서 2시간 소성 후 재산화 처리하여 소결체 시편을 준비하였다. 소성된 유전체 시편 양면에 In-Ga paste를 도포하여 전 H2 Fig. 2. 한국세라믹학회지 Insulatin BaTiO 를 고온에서 소성 할 경우, 재료 내에 포함되어 있는 불순물이나 첨가물로 첨가된 dnr/acceptr의 농도 에 따라 그 농도가 달라지지만, 유전체 내 본질적으로 일 정 양의 산소결함(xygen vacancy, V )이 형성된다. 이 산 소 결함은 격자점에 상대적으로 + charge를 띠고 있어, 직 류 전계 하에서 cathde 쪽으로 전기적 migratin을 일으 켜 공간 전하 분극(space charge plarizatin)을 형성할 수 있다. 이 결과 결정 입계(grain bundary) 및 전극 계면 (electrde interface)에 강한 내부 전계(internal field)를 만 들고, 이에 따라 leakage current가 증가되어 절연파괴가 일어난다고 알려져 있다. Chazn 등 은, 전극 계면의 저항이 열화되는 것이 Ni-MLCC의 절연 열화와 관련이 있다고 보고하였다. Ni-MLCC chip의 임피던스 분석을 통 3 Fig. 1. f.. O 3,4) A Mdel fr the Degradatin f the Insulatin Resistance in BaTiO -based Ni-MLCC. 3 4)
3 TSDC w X5R MLCC sƒ 157 w cre, shell, grain bundary / (ceramic/ internal electrde interface) 4ƒ w w, / w ƒ Ni-MLCC w y š w., Fig. 2 Electric Fieldƒ ƒw» tunneling w ƒ xygen vacancyƒ (cathde) pass x w w. Bucci 5) x ³ w» w Inic Thermcnductivity (ITC) w. Fig. 1 1) r diple field E t jš, 2) inic mtin û û š field w z, 3) d w w 8) Fig. 3. (a)tsdc spectrum f undped BaTiO 3 (b) Typical TSDC spectra f dped-bt sample fr varius plarizatin times. 3). 6,7).» d peak w k sx k ƒ ùkù. TSDC (Thermally Stimulated Deplarizatin Current) w defect rientatin». ƒ hst in ey, lattice vacancyù interstitial hst in, impurity in defectƒ charge impurity in ƒ¾ diple cmplexƒ»š, diple TSDC. Huebner 8) undped-batio 3 TSDC tw, Fig. 3(a) x 3 TSDC peak. undped-batio 3 sharp peak w current ƒ š. Ni-MLCC p w acceptr/dnr ƒw dped-batio 3 w Takeka 2) TSDC p šw. Fig. 3(b) peak 2.» y d shrtcircuiting k, y w w d w w» Fig. 4(b) peak š ùkù space charge w peak š w. w peak α saturatin š peak β ƒw ƒw, w w peak β ƒ w š w. w œœ w š peak β x w current, peak α œœ grain ü relaxatin w š w TSDC f Dy+Y in X5R X5R r TSDC d w d x w. TSDC peak y w» w (T P ), (t P ), (E P ) yw d w. Fig. 4 y peak yw. Fig. 4(a) y ƒ ƒ j. ù 80, 150 C 1V/um 10 w w peak š 250 C w x (25 C ~ 250 C) š peak. y g (Fig. 4(b)), g ƒ. y g (Fig. 4(c)) TSDC 46«2y(2009)
4 158 Á Á½ káx x ƒ w. plarizatin ƒ ƒw TSDC peakƒ ƒw, x space charge w X5R l œœ relaxatin w š. Fig. 4(c) 200 C 1V/um w TSDC peak 150 C peak (peak α) wš(saturatin š) 220 C peak (peak β) ¼ ƒ w f., w peak α œœ grain ü w relaxatin peak š, ƒw peak β œœ grain w relaxatin peak š ƒw. d TSDC peak l œœ activatin energy w fitting w. 4,9) In J( T) Cnst. E = exp kt E kt m E kt (1) Fig. 4 TSDC peak w activatin energy w Fig. 5 ùkü. Fig. 4(c) TSDC peak activatin energy ƒ peak w (Fig. 5 #5 ~ 8). Fig. 4 Fig. 5 plarizatin (,, ), e peak activatin energy ƒ. k TSDC x peak ƒ (Dy+Y in X5R, TP = 200 C, EP =1 V/um, tp =10 ) š w. Fig. 4. TSD-Current with varius plarizatin cnditins (a) Plarizatin Temperature (T P ) at 80, 150, 200, 250 C, (b) Electrical Field (E P ) with 1 V/um, 0.5 V/um and (c) plarizatin time (t P ) at 10, 15,30 and 50 min. Fig. 5. Activatin Energy (ev) f TSD-Current peak with plarizatin cnditins : 1-T P ;200 C, 2-T P ;250 C, 3- E P ;1 V/um, 4-E P ;0.5 V/um, 5-t P ;10 min, 6-t P ;15 min, 7- t P ;30 min, 8-t P ;50 min. w wz
5 TSDC w X5R MLCC sƒ 159 TSDC peak w activatin energy w k X5R k w Dy+Y y w x T P =200 C, E P =1 V/um, t P =10 š w. ƒƒ TSDC d w Fig. 6(a) ùkü. x, Dy/Y w sample ƒƒ 150 C peak (peak α) 220 C peak (peak β) ùkû, peak max (Tmax) (Jmax) w TSDC pattern.», ƒ w k z d w» ƒ peak max ƒ., TSDC j defectƒ š w. Fig. 6(c) ƒ peak w e(jmax) Fig. 6(b) activatin energy j». ƒ peak Jmax activatin energy(ea) w Fig. 6(b), (c) Dy100, Y100 Dy+Y sample Eaƒ š Jmaxƒ. Jmaxƒ defectƒ š w w. Eaƒ û œœ plarizatin, plarizatin œœ relaxatin w w, Eaƒ š dw., k Dy+Y yw Dy, Y š dw. Dy+Y yw Dy X5R MLCC chip ƒ test ew. chip Dy100 Dy50 +Y50 MLCCƒ w ƒ p., TSDC d w activatin energy d w sƒƒ q w. 4. Fig. 6. Sample with the cmpsitin f Dy100, Dy60, Dy40, and Y100 (a) TSD-Current, (b) calculated activatin energy, and (c) maximum current density(jmax) at peak α and peak β. X5R MLCC Dy Y 0, 40, 60, 100% eyw r TSDC d w. X5R w 150 C 200 C peak œœ y w. Dy+Y y x Dyù Y w Dy+Y yw œœ»w activatin energyƒ š defect ƒ û q. Dy50-Y50 chip ƒ x ew. k Dy Y ƒw, p ww 46«2y(2009)
6 160 Á Á½ káx x š q ƒ w. k TSDC x sƒ ƒ w mw TSDC TSDC x, activatin energy mw q» ƒ w š ƒ. REFERENCES 1. C. Lavergne and C. Lacabanne, A Review f Therm- Stimulated Current, IEEE, Electrical Insulatin Magazine, 9 [2] 5-21 (1993). 2. H.J.Sng, Y.R.Lee, and Y.J.Park, Study n Plarizatin Prperties f BaTiO 3 by Using Thermally Stimulated Deplarizatin Current(in Krean), Kr. J. Mat. Res., 12 [8] (2002). 3. S.Takeka, K.Mrita, Y.Mizun, and H.Kishi, Thermally Stimulataed Current (TSC) Studies n Resistance Degradatin f Ni0MLCC, Ferrelectrics, 356 [1] (2007). 4. H. Chazn and H. Kishi, dc-electrical Degradatin f the BT-Based Material fr Multilayer Ceramic Capacitr with Ni internal Electrde : Impedance Analysis and Micrstructure, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., (2001). 5. C. Bucci and R. Fieshi, Inic Thermcnductivity. Methd fr the Investigatin f Plarizatin in Insulatrs, Phy. Rev. Lett., 12 [1] 16-9 (1964). 6. J.Jung and Ph.D.Thesis, Defect Chemistry and Electrical Prperties f BaTiO 3, pp , Sungkyunkwan Univ., (2005). 7. P.Braunlich, Thermally Stimulated Relaxatin in Slids, Vl. 37, pp.69-93, Tpics in Applied Physics, Springer-Verlag., (1979). 8. W.Huebner, Thermally Stimulated Current and Dielectric Prperties f Dped and Undped Barium Titanate, Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. Missuri-Rllar (1987). 9. F.El Kamel, P.Gnn, F.Jmni, and B.Yangui, Thermally Stimulated Currents in Amrphus Barium Titanate Thin Films Depsited By Rf Magnetrn Sputtering, J. Appl. Phys., (2006). w wz
fm
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44.fm
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(154번 김사라은경).fm
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Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 323~327, 2011. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2011.48.4.323 Electrical Properties and Temperature Stability of Dysprosium and Erbium Co-doped Barium Titanate
( )-103.fm
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129.fm
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31.fm
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( )-84.fm
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35.fm
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7.fm
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14.531~539(08-037).fm
G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked
19(1) 02.fm
Korean J. Crystallography Vol. 19, No. 1, pp.7~13, 2008 Ÿ (ICISS) w š t w (2): t w y w œw Surface Structure Analysis of Solids by Impact Collision Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (2): Atomic Structure of Semiconductor
17.fm
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10.fm
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605.fm
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w y wz 9«( 1y) 34~40, 2006 J. f the Krean Sciety fr Envirnmental Analysis V/ w y Áy yá váy * w» ( )», *» w y œw Simultaneus Remval f Dixin and Nitrgen Oxide n V/ Catalyst Jun-Yub Lee, Sung-H Hng, Sung-Pill
( )-129.fm
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46.fm
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( )-70.fm
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41(6)-09(김창일).fm
269 Ar v Na 0.5 K 0.5 NbO 3 t ½ t,, ½ w,, ½ w»œw Surface Reaction of Na 0.5 K 0.5 NbO 3 Thin Films in Inductively Coupled Ar Plasma w t œwz J. Kor. Inst. Surf. Eng. Vol. 41, No. 6, 2008. < > Dong-Pyo Kim,
10(3)-09.fm
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( )-10.fm
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( )-121.fm
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( )34.fm
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Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 1, pp. 54~59, 2008. Expansin Characteristics f the Hydrated Sdium Silicate Yang Py Kng, H Yen Ch, and Dng S Suhr Department f Materials Science and Engineering,
(153번 김철영).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 48, N. 4, pp. 269~277, 2011. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2011.48.4.269 Effect f Varius Oxides n Crystallizatin f Lithium Silicate Glasses Chul Min Kim, Hyung Bng Lim, Yug Su
85.fm
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139.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 43, N. 12, pp. 839~845, 2006. Manufacture f High Density Graphite Using Cal Tar Pitch Kwang Yun Ch, Kyung Ja Kim, Dh Hyung Riu, Kwang Hyun Lim,* Jung Il Kim,* In Chel
18.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 2, pp. 116~123, 2007. Effects f Sintering Cnditins n the Electrical Cnductivity f 1wt% Y 2 O 3 -Dped AlN Ceramics Wn-Jin Lee,*, ** Sung-Min Lee,* Kwang-B Shim,**
12(2)-04.fm
J. Korean. Soc. Living. Environ. Sys. Vol. 12, No. 2, pp 106~111(2005) w y y w z œ k üœ» p ½ Á Á Á ³ Á Á½Ÿ w w w, *g», ** w w Effects of Strategies to Improve Indoor Air Quality at Pre-occupancy Stage
07.051~058(345).fm
w wz 8«3y 2008 6 pp. 51 ~ 58 m qp yp š w k sƒ Evaluation of Dynamic Modulus based on Aged Asphalt Binder y*á **Á***Á**** Lee, Kwan-HoÁCho, Kyung-RaeÁLee, Byung-SikÁSong, Yong-Seon Abstract Development
3.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 12~17, 2007. A Study on the Preparation of Bone Ash and Celadon Bone Body Using Pig Bone Jae-Jin Jeong, Sang-Hee Lee, Yong-Seok Lee,* and Byung-Ha
( )-67.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 7, N. 5, pp. 61~66, 010. DOI:10.191/KCERS.010.7.5.61 Electrical Characteristics f Al /TaAlO / SiO Multi-layer Films by Different Tunnel Oxide Thicknesses and Annealing
65.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 7, pp. 405~410, 008. Micrstructural Changes f the Al O Ceramics during the Expsure t Flurine Plasma Dae Min Kim, Sung-Min Lee, Seng Wn Kim, Hyung Tae Kim, and
(1)-01(정용식).fm
Textile Science and Engineering Vl. 48, N. 1, 2011 ƒ s j p y ky w xá½ Á½» 1 Á w œ w lœw, 1 w» w (2010. 12. 10. /2011. 1. 16. k) Analysis f Stabilizatin and Carbnizatin Behavirs f Ply(acrylnitrile) Fibers
116.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 12, pp. 696~702, 2007. Synthesis and Characterizatin f LSGM Slid Electrlyte fr Slid Oxide Fuel Cell Yung-Hn Seng, Seung Hwan J, P. MuralidharanS and D Kyung
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17(1)-05.fm
Krean J. Crystallgraphy Vl. 17, N. 1, pp.4~3, 006 ƒƒ Zn 3 j q p e w y Á k Áy w œw The Effect f Additin n the Micrwave Dielectric Prperties f Zn 3 Ceramics H Byung Yun, Tae-Kun Lee and Yen Hwang Department
45.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 5, pp. 268~275, 2008. Influence f CrCl 3 in Sphene-Pink Pigments Hyun-S Lee and Byung-Ha Lee Department f Materials Science & Engineering, Myngji University,
107.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 11, pp. 681~687, 2008. Effects f Sr n the Characteristics f PZT Ceramics Prepared by Hydrthermal Prcess Bem-Sek Yang, Chang Yun Shin, and Chang Whan Wn Engineering
12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm
J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 77-81 y w» e wx Á w œw Fabrication of Ceramic Batch Composition for Porcelain by Using Recycled Waste Ceramic Powder Hyun Guen Han, and
304.fm
Journal of the Korean Housing Association Vol. 20, No. 3, 2009 yw s w - û - A Study on the Planning of Improved-Hanok - Focused on Jeon-Nam Province - y* ** z*** **** Kang, Man-Ho Lee, Woo-Won Jeong, Hun
132.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 43, N. 1, pp. 805~811, 006. Effect f Oxidatin f Ni n the Micrstructure f Ni/YSZ Ande and Crack Frmatin in YSZ Electrlyte Layer fr SOFC Jun-Sil Lim,* Jng-Hn Chi,* and
44(1)-01(이기안).fm
1 w t œwz J. Kr. Inst. Surf. Eng. Vl. 44, N. 1, 011. < > Fe-%Cr-5.8%Al w š y ½ a, ya, b, œ c, ½»c,» a* a w œw, bw»» c w œw High-Temperature Oxidatin Behavir f Fe-%Cr-5.8%Al Ally Sng-Yi Kim a, Sung-Hwan
142.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 43, N. 1, pp. 85~858, 006. Preparatin and Characterizatin f Blue Thin Film Phsphrs by Pulsed Laser Depsitin Sang H Ch, Yu Sun Jung, Jung H Kwak, and Kee-Sun Shn Department
17.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 1, pp. 35~40, 2009. Effects f Template Size and Cntent n Prsity and Strength f Macrprus Zircnia Ceramics Su-H Chae, Yung-Wk Kim, In-Hyuck Sng*, Hai-D Kim*,
10.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl., N. 1, pp. 65~69, 007. Crrsin f Refractry in Glass Melts fr Plasma Display Panel Substrate Ki-Dng Kim, Hyun-Su Jung, and Hy-Kwang Kim Department f Materials Science
10(3)-02.fm
w y wz 10«3y 203~211 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w ù p yá k«áyw *Á xá½k w y œw Á* y w (2010 9 15, 2010 12 2 k) Characterization of Nonpoint Source Pollutant Loads from the
( )-68.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 5, pp. 445~449, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.5.445 Blating Mechanism f Artificial Lightweight Aggregate fr Recycling the Waste Glass Shin Hyu Kang and Ki Gang
29.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 3, pp. 169~174, 2007. A Study n the CVD Depsitin fr SiC-TRISO Cated Fuel Material Fabricatin Jun Gyu Kim, E-Sul Kum, D Jin Chi, Sung Sn Kim, Hng Lim Lee, Yung
51.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 5, pp. 279~283, 2007. Preparatin and Characterizatin f BCB Resin-BNT Cmpsite Substrate Materials Un-Yng Kim, Myung-Py Chun, Jung-H Ch, Byung-Ik Kim, Yng-Hyun
108.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 11, pp. 645~649, 007. Structural and Electrical Prperties f La 0.7 Film n SiO /Si Substrate by RF Magnetrn Sputtering at Lw Temperature Sun Gyu Chi, A. Sivasankar
10(3)-12.fm
w y wz 10«3y 273~280 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment p yá xá½k w y œw (2010 9 15, 2010 12 2 k) Analysis of Characteristics of Delivered Nonpoint Source Pollution at Forested Watershed
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ª Œª Œ 27ƒ 2B Á 2007 3œ pp. 193 ~ 199 ª ƒ w d w ƒ sƒ Methodology of Drought Assessment Using National Groundwater Monitoring Network Data «x Á½ Kwon, Hyung JoongÁKim, Seong Joon Abstract The objective
( )-80.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 7, N. 6, pp. 603~607, 00. DOI:0.9/KCERS.00.7.6.603 Synthesis and Frmatin Mechanism f Cbalt Dped Willemite Blue Pigments Dng-Ha Hwang, Han Kyng-Sp, and Byung-Ha Lee
49.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 5, pp. 303~308, 2008. Synthesis f Mullite Pwders by the Geplymer Technique Se Gu Sn, Ji Hyen Lee, Jeng Mi Lee, and Yung D Kim GEOWHA E.S.R Research Center,
( )-106.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 6, pp. 648~652, 2009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2009.46.6.648 Prperties f the Electrlyte Separatrs fr Thermal Batteries Using SiOC Mat Kyung Hn Lim, Kwang Yun Ch, Dh
93-10.fm
w y wz 9«( 3y) 207~214, 2006 J. f the Krean Sciety fr Envirnmental Analysis š w ky gq p ½» w w œw Crrsin Prperties f Cating Mixtures fr the Desulfurizatin System under High Temperature and Acidic Envirnment
( )43.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 3, pp.g301~305, 2009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2009.46.3.301 Nvel Phenl Resin Carbnizing Methd fr Carbn Interlayer Cating between Reinfrcing Fiber and Matrix in Fiber
( )-59.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 4, pp. 319~324, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.4.319 Preparatin f Screen Printable Cnductive MSi 2 Thick Films fr Ceramic Sheet Heater Bae-Yen Kim, Dng-Bin
( )47.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 3, pp. 242~248, 2009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2009.46.3.242 Lw Temperature Synthesis f Frsterite Pwders by the Geplymer Technique Se Gu Sn *, **, Ji Hyen Lee**, Sang-Hn
26(3D)-17.fm
26ƒ 3D Á 2006 5œ pp. ~ ª y w qp yw k d Predictive Equation of Dynamic Modulus for Hot Mix Asphalt with Granite Aggregates yá½x Á Lee, Kwan-HoÁKim, Hyun-OÁJang, Min-Seok Abstract The presented work provided
( )★56.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 4, pp. 379~384, 009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.009.46.4.379 Preparatin and Characterizatin f Black Clr Zircnia by Impregnatin Methd Used by Graphite Kwang-H Lee, Jng-Pil
10(3)-10.fm
w y wz 10«3y 259~264 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w gj p p y Á Á½k * w m œw Á* w y œw (2010 9 28, 2010 10 12 k) Characteristics of Antiwashout Underwater Concrete for Reduction
( )-112.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 6, pp. 61~617, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.6.61 Extractin f Mg in and Fabricatin f Mg Cmpund frm Ferr-Nickel Slag Yng Sik Chu, Y Ree Lim*, Hng Bum Park, Hun
103.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N., pp. 6~66, 007. Preparatin and Characterizatin f SiC Cated Graphite Fam Jae Jin Kyung, Jung Ju Kim, S Ryng Kim, W Teck Kwn, Kwang Yun Ch, and Yung Hee Kim Ec-Materials
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ª Œª Œ 30ƒ 5A Á 2010 9œ pp. 475 ~ 484 gj p ª v e p p PSC ƒ gv : II. x w Precast Concrete Copings for Precast Segmental PSC Bridge Columns : II. Experiments and Analyses ½kzÁ½ Á zá x Kim, Tae-HoonÁKim,
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[ ] w wz DOI: 10.3740/MRSK.2009.19.12.692 Kor. J. Mater. Res. Vol. 19, No. 12 (2009) y INCONEL 718w Gas Tungsten Arc Welding» p sƒ ½»y Á *Á *Á y** ( ) d lj p wœq, *w wœ» q **( ) d lj p t Mechanical Properties
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KIGAS Vol. 12, No. 3, September, 2008 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) ü LP ƒ š Database w š Á Á½z w ywœw (2008 6 10, 2008 8 12 (1 ), 2008 9 5 (2 ), 2008 9 5 k) Constructing a Database Structure
18.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 2, pp. 132~137, 2008. Pre Structure Mdificatin and Characterizatin f Prus Crdierite with Chemical Vapr Infiltratin (CVI) SiC Whisker Ik Whan Kim, Jun Gyu Kim,
14.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 93~97, 2007. Preparation of High Purity Si Powder by SHS Chang Yun Shin, Hyun Hong Min, Ki Seok Yun, and Chang Whan Won Engineering Research Center
69-1(p.1-27).fm
99 A 380 B 787 : wœ z w * w w wœ» A380 B787 wœ» w. wœ» ww r. w wœ» p j y w r» w. I. II. z III. A380 B787 IV. A380 V. wœ» : x VI. z VII. I. A380 B787»ƒ z wœ w, w w p j w w ƒ r. t wœ w ƒ w w wœ» š œm wš,
45.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 5, pp. 73~78, 007. Micrwave Dielectric Prperties f CaZr(BO 3 Ceramics Myung-Hwa Nam, Hy Tae Kim,* Jng-Hee Kim,* and Sahn Nahm Department f Materials Science
( )-119.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 6, pp. 54~58, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.6.54 Physical Prperties f Pyrlized Oyster Shell Cnsisting f Prus CaO/CaCO and Phsphrus Remval Efficiency ChanWn
82-01.fm
w y wz 8«( 2y) 57~61, 2005 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis p w w Á Á w w» y l Analysis of Influence Factors and Corrosion Characteristics of Water-pipe in Potable Water System Jae Seong
한 fm
Jurnal f the Krean Magnetics Sciety, Vlume 19, Number 6, December 2009 DOI: 10.4283/JKMS.2009.19.6.209 œe w w r p(bam) x» e ph w Áû k w œw, z w¼1, 200-701 (2009 10 7, 2009 11 20, 2009 11 21 y ) M-type
93.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 45, No. 10, pp. 625~630, 2008. Effect of Storage Conditions on the Setting Properties of Brushite Bone Cement Containing Granular β-tricalcium Phosphate Sun-Ae
15.101~109(174-하천방재).fm
w wz 8«4y 2008 8 pp. 101 ~ 109 w» m -,, - A Study on Warnning Criteria Investigation of Automated Rainfall Warning System -Focused on Realationship of Water Level, Discharge and Precipitation - Á Á Á Ahn,
( )-86.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 6, pp.g609~614, 009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.009.46.6.609 Prperties f Lw Temperature Sintered Prus Ceramics frm Alumina-Zinc Brsilicate Glass Kwan S Kim, Ki Yung
49(6)-06.fm
Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 2005, Vol. 49, No. 6 Printed in the Republic of Korea 중학교과학교과서불꽃반응실험에서선스펙트럼관찰의문제점분석및개선연구 ½ Á Á * w w yw (2005. 10. 4 ) An Analysis and Improvement of the Line Spectrum
( )78(이기성).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 6, N. 5, pp. 78~8, 009. DOI:10.191/KCERS.009.6.5.78 Thermal Shck and Ht Crrsin Resistance f Si Fabricated by Nitrided Pressureless Sintering Kil H Kwak, Chul Kim,
03.209~216(08-002).fm
[ ] w Á wz (J. Kr. Inst. Met. & Mater.) Vl. 46, N.4, pp. 209~216 (2008) 'F$S/J.P8/ ü l w p e $Pw w 1 Á 2 Áû 1 Á ³k 1 Á½ 3Á½ 1, * 2 1 w œw» l 3 ³ w œw Center fr Advanced Life Cycle Engineering, University