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1 Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 3, pp. 182~187, Micrwave Sintering f Gd-Dped CeO 2 Pwder Yung Gun Kim and Seuk-Bum Kim Department f Materials Science and Engineering, Gyenggi University, Suwn , Krea (Received February 14, 2007; Accepted March 13, 2007) Gd-Dped CeO 2 j q ½ ³Á½» w œw ( ; ) ABSTRACT 10 ml% Gd 2 -CeO 2 pwder was sintered by micrwave in a 2.45 GHz multimde cavity t develp a dense electrlyte layer fr intermediate temperature slid xide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). Samples were sintered frm 1100 C upt 1500 C by 50 C difference and kept fr 10 min and 30 min at the maximum temperature respectively. Theretical density f the sample sintered at 1200 C fr 10 min was 95.4% and increased gradually upt 99% in the sample sintered at 1500 C fr 30 min. All f sintered samples shwed very fine micrstructures and the maximum average grain size f the sintered sample at 1500 C fr 30 min was (0.87 ±0.42) µm. Inic cnductivity f the samples were measured by DC 4 prbe methd. Key wrds : SOFC, Gd-dped, CeO 2, Micrwave prcess, Ceramic electrlyte, Sintering SOFC, Gd-dped, CeO 2, Micrwave prcess, Ceramic electrlyte, Sintering 1. 3 š y (SOFC : slid xide fuel cell) w š w w z 50~ 60%. ƒ w wù š w» ƒ, kƒ w xk ƒ w. 1,2) ù x ¾ š y 800 C š. w, w, q w g SOFC y j. 3,4) ƒ 800 C w x (Intermediate Temperature-SOFC) w ƒ y w š. w 5,6) š w w k s œ rw š ƒ». ù š y û ü Crrespnding authr : Seuk-Bum Kim sbkim@kynggi.ac.kr Tel : Fax : w ƒ w. w w» w ZrO 2 w ƒ Bi 2, CeO 2, LaGa w ƒ w. 7,8) x SOFC w wù Ce y e, 9) œe, 10) w 11), Ce y Gd ù Sm y ƒw j ƒ. w 12,13) w w Gd š Ce (GDC) 14)ù C Mn 15) y (transitin metal xides) ƒ w ù ù j» 16) w û ƒ w, ƒ r s³ j» w š š. wr œ» w»¾ v w ù t v w w w» w š ƒ. ù ƒ œ k ù ƒ w ùš j q û y y e yƒ w 182
2 ƒ š d p j ƒ š. w mw ³ w ùkü j q r j q w ü v w r ü ù kù. w p w jš w r š ³ w w g ³ w ) p ƒ j q w ƒ w š 10 ml% Gd 2 - CeO 2 w j q w œ ƒ w w. 2. x ƒƒ 99.9% ƒ CeO 2 Gd 2 (Kjund Chemical Lab. C. Ltd., Japan) yw Ce 0.90 Gd 0.10 O 1.95 (GDC10, 0.5~1 µm) w ³ w yw w k ü Al 2 w 24 z w. 18 mm w 70 MPa 1 xw z 140 MPa x w x r. j q r Fig. 1 ùkù j q e w w r ƒ w» w e š insulatin bx w z SiC susceptr w 2.45 GHz multimde j q ƒ (3 kw) 30 C/min w w C 1500 C¾ 50 C d w t ƒƒ w š œ» ww. Fig. 2 w insulatin bx ü j q pwer level r ƒ xk š ùkü. j q Fig. 1. A schematic diagram f the micrwave furnace. Gd-Dped CeO 2 j q 183 Fig. 2. Temperature prfile and the pwer level f the micrwave during the sintering prcess. Eurtherm Cntrller(Eurtherm- 2404) w r d insulatin bx mw R-type w d w. z r Archimedes w» w, y yƒ w» w X- z»(x-ray diffractmeter, SIEMENS D5005) w w r w y w. r x (SEM, JEOL, JSM-6300, Japan) w w š, r j» line intercept w SEM l d w. d w w r diamnd cutter mm š sand paper w w z ƒ w r z 600~1000 C DC C 3C þ ƒw d w. 3. š 10 Fig. 3 j q 1100 C w r 1500 C 30 w r XRD w GDC r 2 sw w š. r s³ y Fig. 4 x j q w 1100 C w r 90% ùkù x x w š q C 10 w w r 91.6% ùkü 1200 C 10 w 95.4% ùkù 1200 C e yƒ 44«3y(2007)
3 184 ½ ³Á½ Fig. 3. XRD diffractin patterns f the samples sintered by micrwave; (a) 1500 C fr 30 min and (b) 1100 C fr 10 min. Fig. 5. Average grain size f samples sintered by micrwave as a functin f temperature. Fig. 4. Relative density f sintered samples by micrwave as a functin f temperature. w. z 50 C ƒ w w 1500 C 10 w 98.5% ùkü. 30 w w 1350 C l 10 w w ƒw ù w 30 w ƒ w ƒ f 1500 C 30 w 99% 1350 C ƒ j ùkû. s³ j» ùkü Fig C 10 w s³ (0.17 ±0.42) µm ù j» w x ƒ 1500 C 10 w s³ (0.57 ±0.42) µm ƒ j ùkû. r ƒ j ùkù 1500 C 30 w w r s³ (0.87 ±0.42) µm ùkù j q w œ r s ³ j» 1µm w j». Zhang œe 20) GDC10» 1550 C 5 w j» ~14 µm ~97%, Han 21) w w GDC C 4 w r 97.8%, s³ 0.73 µm šwš, x j q 1300 C 10 w r 97.2% s³ (0.24 ± 0.08) µm ùkù w š ù j». y yw ~0.55 µm (CeO 2 ) ~0.5 µm (Gd 2 O 2 ) w GDC20 r 1500 C 5 w Ma ~92% 22) ~4 µm, Park x 15) w GDC10 w 1600 C 12 w s³ (4.2 ±1.1) µm 99% ùkü šwš. j q w 99% ùkü 1500 C 30 w w Park 15) w 100 C ûš j» ~1/5 1/24, j q ¾ 1 sww œ w w j. w wz
4 Gd-Dped CeO 2 Fig. 6. 분말의 마이크로파 소결 185 SEM micrgraphs f sintered samples by micrwave at (a) 1200 C, (b) 1250 C, (c) 1450 C, (d) 1500 C fr 10 min, and (e) 1500 C fr 30 min hlding time. Fig. 6은 마이크로파로 1200~1500 C의 온도 범위에서 유지시간에 따른 시편의 파단면의 미세구조 사진을 나타 내었다. Fig. 6(a)는 1200 C에서 10분간 소결한 미세조직으 로서 밀도가 95.4%이며 기공이 불균일하게 입계에 존재하 는 것을 볼 수 있으나, 1250 C에서 소결한 시편인 Fig. 6(b) 의 경우부터는 1200 C 보다는 기공이 많이 줄어든 것으 로 관찰되었고, 밀도가 98%인 1450 C에서 10분 유지한 경우인 Fig. 6(c)에서는 기공이 거의 보이지 않으며 치밀 하며 균일한 형태의 결정립을 가진 미세구조를 관찰할 수 있었다. 각각 1450 C와 1500 C에서 10분 유지한 경우인 Fig. 6(d)와 6(c)의 두 경우 사이에는 밀도 값은 약간 증 가하였으나 입자의 성장이 별로 크지 않아 비슷한 크기의 입경을 나타내고 있는 것을 볼 수 있다. 그러나 Fig. 6(d) 와 1500 C에서 30분 유지한 경우인 Fig. 6(e)에서는 밀도 가 각각 98.5%와 99%로써 치밀화된 미세구조를 보이고 있으며 Fig. 6(e)의 경우에는 입성장이 빨라져 Fig. 6(d)의 경우보다 평균입경이 커진 모습을 볼 수 있다. Fig. 7에는 마이크로파로 1200 C에서 10분 유지하여 소 결한 시편과 1500 C에서 30분 유지한 시편의 온도에 따른 이온전도도를 DC 4단자법으로 측정한 값을 아래 Arrhenius 식을 이용하여 나타내었다. σ α- σin Scm 1 = exp E T (1) kt 고온인 1000 C 근처에서는 1500 C에서 30분을 유지하 Fig. 7. Electrical cnductivity f the 10 ml% Gd O -CeO samples sintered by micrwave 여 소결한 경우가 1200 C에서 10분간 유지한 시편의 이 온전도도 값보다 약간 높은 값을 나타내지만 온도가 낮 아질수록 차이가 커져서 600 C 근처에서는 그 차이가 더 크게 나타나고 있다. Table 1에 있는 이 시편들의 이온전도도와 활성화에너 지 값(Ea)을 비교하여 보면 1500 C의 경우가 1200 C 경 우에 비하여 더 낮은 활성화에너지 값을 가지고 있기 때 문이며, 그 이유는 온도가 높은 1000 C 근처에서는 grain bundary effect가 크게 영향을 나타내지 않으나 온도가 낮아지면서는 그 영향이 크게 나타나는 것으로 판단되며, 제 44 권 제 3호(2007)
5 186 ½ ³Á½ Table 1. Inic Cnductivity and Activatin Energy Data f the Samples by Micrwave Sintering Micrwave sintering 1200 C-10 min 1500 C-30 min Ea 0.70±0.1 ev 0.59±0.04 ev σ 1.4 ± ± C 10 w w s³ (0.17 ±0.04) µm 1500 C w 1/5 j» d ƒw û ùküù 1500 C ƒ w r f w d w û ùkü ) 4. w ƒ 10 ml% Gd 2 -CeO GHz j q w 30 C ƒ w 1100~1500 C t ¾ k z ƒƒ w w 1.5 ü j w, r w w w ù s³ ùkû. r 90% s³ 1 µm w, 1200 C 10 w r 95.4% (0.17 ±0.42) µm s³ 1500 C 30 w ƒ ƒ 99% (0.87 ±0.42) µm ³ e w ùkü C 30 w r ƒ 1200 C 10 w r w w ùkü d, r j» d ƒ ù w. w j q w 1500 C¾ 50 t w ƒ ƒ 98.5% 99% ùkü š e» w w». l j q w w ƒ w w wì œ w z SOFC w Gd š Ce (GDC) w ƒ ƒ q. Acknwledgment 2004w» w w ( ) w w. REFERENCES 1. O. Yamamt, Slid Oxide Fuel Cell: Fundamental Aspects and Prspects, Electrchimica Acta., (2000). 2. E. I. Tiffee, A. Weber, and D. Herbstritt, Materials and Technlgies fr SOFC-Cmpnents, J. Eur. Ceram. Sc., (2001). 3. N. Q. Minh and T. Takahashi, Science and Technlgy f Ceramic Fuel Cell, pp. 1-14, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, B. C. H. Steele, Science and Technlgy f Zircnia:, vl, V, pp. 713, J. Am. Ceram. Sc., Clumbus (1993). 5. T. Tsai, E. Perry, and S. Barnett, Lw-Temperature Slid Oxide Fuel Cells Utilizing Thin Bilayer Electrlyte, J. Electrchem. Sc., (1997). 6. P. K. Srivastava, T. Quach, Y. Y. Duan, R. Dnelsn, S. P. Jiang, F. T. Ciacch, and S. P. S. Badwal, Electrde Supprted Slid Oxide Fuel Cells: Electrlyte Films Prepared by DC Magnetrn Sputtering, Slid State Inics, (1997). 7. K. Huang, M. Feng, and J. B. Gdenugh, Synthesis and Electrical Prperties f Dense Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 1.95 Ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. Sc., (1998). 8. T. T. Sai and S. A. Barnett, Bias Sputter Depsitin f Dense Yttria-Stabilized Zircnia Films n Prus Substrates, J. Electrchem. Sc., (1995). 9. T. S. Zhang, J. Ma, L. B. Kng, P. Hing, and J. A. Kilner, Reparatin and Mechanical Prperties f Dense Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2-δ Ceramics, Slid State Inics, (2004). 10. K. Higashi, K. Snda, H. On, S. Sameshima, and Y. Hrata, Synthesis and Sintering f Rare-Earth-Dped Ceria Pwder by Oxalate Cprecipitatin Methd, J. Mater. Res., (1999). 11. K. Yamashita, K. V. Ramanujachary, and M. Greenblatt, Hydrthermal Synthesis and Lw Temperature Cnductin Prperties f Substituted Ceria Ceramics, Slid State Inics, (1995). 12. C. Keinlgel and L. J. Gauckler, Sintering and Prperties f Nansized Ceria Slid Slutins, Slid State Inics, (2000). 13. C. Keinlgel and L. J. Gauckler, Sintering f Nancrystalline CeO 2 Ceramics, Adv. Mater., (2001). 14. D. P. Fagg, J. C. C. Abrantes, D. Pérez-Cll, P. Núñez, V. V. Khartn, and J. R. Frade, The Effect f Cbalt Oxide Sintering Aid n Electrnic Transprt in Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2-δ Elec- w wz
6 Gd-Dped CeO 2 j q 187 trlyte, Electrchim. Acta, (2003). 15. S. H. Park and H. I. Y, Defect-Chemical Rle f Mn in Gd-Dped CeO 2, Slid State Inics, (2005). 16. H. Inaba, T. Nakajima, and H. Tagawa, Sintering Behavir f Ceria and Gadlinia-Dped Ceria, Slid Sate Inics, (1998). 17. W. H. Suttn, Micrwave Prcessing f Ceramic Materials, Am. Ceram. Sc. Bull., (1989). 18. J. Samuels and J. R. Brandn, Effect f Cmpsitin n the Enhanced Micrwave Sintering f Alumina-Based Ceramic Cmpsites, J. Mater. Sci., (1992). 19. S. Das and T. R. Curlee, Micrwave Sintering f Ceramics: Can We Save Energy?, Am. Ceram. Sc. Bull., (1987). 20. T. S. Zhang, P. Hing, H. Huang, and J. A. Kilner, Inic Cnductivity in CeO 2 -Gd 2 System (0.05 Gd 0.4) Prepared by Oxalate Cprecipitatin, Slid State Inics, (2002). 21. I. D. Han, K. Y. Lim, and S. M Sim, Preparatin and Sintering Characteristics f Gd-Dped CeO 2 Pwder by Oxalate C-Precipitin(in Krean), J. Kr. Ceram. Sc., (2006). 22. J. Ma, T. S. Zhang, L. B. Kng, P. Hing, and S. H. Chan, Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2-δ Ceramics Derived frm Cmmercial Submicrn-Sized CeO 2 and Gd 2 Pwders fr Use as Electrlytes in Slid Oxide Fuel Cells, J. Pwer Surces, (2004). 23. K. Huang, R. S. Tichy, and J. B. Gdenugh, Superir Pervskite Oxide-In Cnductr Strntium-and Magnesium-dped LaGa II, AC Impedance Spectrscpy, J. Am. Ceram. Sc., (1998). 24. H. N. Kim, H. J. Park, and G. M. Chi, The Effect f Alumina Additin n the Electrical Cnductivity f Gd-Dped Ceria, J. Electrceramics, (2006). 25. T. Mri, J. Drennan. J. H. Lee, H. G. Li, and T. Ikegami, Oxide Inic Cnductivity and Micrstructures f Sm-r La-Dped CeO 2 -Based Systems, Slid State Inics, (2002). 44«3y(2007)
( )-30.fm
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Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 12, pp. 683~689, 2007. Grain-Bundary Cnductin in Slid Oxide Electrlyte Jng-Heun Lee Department f Materials Science and Engineering, Krea University, Seul 136-713,
18.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 2, pp. 116~123, 2007. Effects f Sintering Cnditins n the Electrical Cnductivity f 1wt% Y 2 O 3 -Dped AlN Ceramics Wn-Jin Lee,*, ** Sung-Min Lee,* Kwang-B Shim,**
88.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl 45, N 9, pp 544~548, 008 Frmatin f TiB -SiC Ceramics frm TiB -Plycarbsilane Mixtures Shin-Hyuk Kang, Dng-Hwa Lee, and Deug-Jng Kim Schl f Materials Science and Engineering,
44(1)-01(이기안).fm
1 w t œwz J. Kr. Inst. Surf. Eng. Vl. 44, N. 1, 011. < > Fe-%Cr-5.8%Al w š y ½ a, ya, b, œ c, ½»c,» a* a w œw, bw»» c w œw High-Temperature Oxidatin Behavir f Fe-%Cr-5.8%Al Ally Sng-Yi Kim a, Sung-Hwan
34.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl 44, N 4, pp 214~218, 2007 Study f Pr (x=0,, 05, and 1) as the Cathde Materials fr Intermediate Temperature SOFC Kwangjin Park, Jung Hyun Kim, and Jngmyen Bae Department
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[ ] œwz, 21«6y(2008) J. of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment, Vol. 21, No. 6, (2008) pp. 300~306 š y w p x*, **Á **Áy y* * ** w œ w œw, w» gœ Solid State Diffusion Brazing of the Aluminum Alloy Castings
( )-70.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 5, pp. 401~406, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.5.401 Synthesis f Pure and Prus CaOÁAl Clinker by Burning f Hydrates Du Hyuk Kim and Tae Wng Sng Department f
04.fm
w y wz 9«( 2y) 91~96, 2006 J. f the Krean Sciety fr Envirnmental Analysis üy wƒ w y k p ½» w w œw Adsrptin Prperties f the Activated Carbns fr Remving Harmful Gases in Indr Envirnments In-Ki Kim Department
( )67(홍성현).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 5, pp. 505~509, 009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.009.46.5.505 Wear Prperties f Silicn Nitride Nan-Ceramics Jae-Hee Kim, Venkata Manj Kumar B, Wn-Sik Kim, and Seng-Hyen
( )-95.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 6, pp. 509~514, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.6.509 Effect f Template Cntent n Micrstructure and Flexural Strength f Prus Mullite-Bnded Silicn Caride Ceramics
( )-89.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 6, pp. 40~4, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.6.40 Phase Stability and Plasma Ersin Resistance f La-Gd-Y Rare-earth Oxide - Al O Ceramics Kyeng-Bem Kim and Sung-Min
fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 2, pp. 175~180, 2009. Effects f Glass Frit Size n the Sintering Behavir f Cu Terminatin Paste in MLCC Kyuha Lee, Byungjun Jen, Chang-Hn Kim, Yunggeun Kwn, Myungjun
21.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N., pp. 67~7, 008. Structural Stability During Charge-Discharge Cycles in Zr-dped LiCO Pwders Sen Hye Kim*, Kwang-B Shim**, Jae-Pyung Ahn***, and Chang-Sam Kim
118.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 12, pp. 703~709, 2007. Cmparisn f the Pwer Generating Characteristics f KIST- and FZ-Julich SOFCs Hwa Yung Jung, Sang Chel Lee, Frank Tietz*, Hae-Ryung Kim,
( )-41.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N., pp. 244~248, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47..244 Fabricatin f Prus Calcium Phsphate by Using a Pre-Frm f Nature Material Sang-Jin Lee and Hn-Chel Lee Department
10(3)-09.fm
w y wz 10«3y 253~258 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment ³ w Á» Á Á y w y œw (2010 11 22, 2010 12 9 k) Study on Determine of Detention Pond in Small Developed Area In-Soo Chang ½
9(1) 이채현.fm
Jurnal f Dental Hygiene Science Vl. 9, N. 1 pp. 75~81 (009) 3Y 지르코니아조성에서 Glass Frit 의첨가량에따른소결거동및기계적특성의변화 ³ Á«Á x 1 û w e»œ, x w e»œ, w œw Effect f Glass Frit n the Sintering Behavir and Mechanical Prperties
35.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 4, pp. 208~213, 2008. Develpment f Helical Antenna using Micrwave ZST Ceramics Jng-Bae Lee, Yungjin Yk, H-Yng Sin, Hyung-Sun Kim*, Jng-In Im Simulatin Center,
( )-59.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 4, pp. 319~324, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.4.319 Preparatin f Screen Printable Cnductive MSi 2 Thick Films fr Ceramic Sheet Heater Bae-Yen Kim, Dng-Bin
58.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 6, pp. 35~330, 007. Effect f ph n Pre Characteristics in Synthesis f High Prus AlO(OH) Gel by Hydrlysis f Al and Na Mixed Slutin Byung-Ki Park, Dng Uk Che,
fm
w y wz 9«( 1y) 34~40, 2006 J. f the Krean Sciety fr Envirnmental Analysis V/ w y Áy yá váy * w» ( )», *» w y œw Simultaneus Remval f Dixin and Nitrgen Oxide n V/ Catalyst Jun-Yub Lee, Sung-H Hng, Sung-Pill
( )47.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 3, pp. 242~248, 2009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2009.46.3.242 Lw Temperature Synthesis f Frsterite Pwders by the Geplymer Technique Se Gu Sn *, **, Ji Hyen Lee**, Sang-Hn
93.fm
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 45, No. 10, pp. 625~630, 2008. Effect of Storage Conditions on the Setting Properties of Brushite Bone Cement Containing Granular β-tricalcium Phosphate Sun-Ae
61.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 7, pp. 387~394, 2008. A Study n the Infrared Emissin Prperties and Freeze-thaw Resistance fr Calcined Clay by Carburizatin Treatment Kih Kim, Sangmyung Kim*,
85.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 9, pp. 502~509, 2007. Examinatin n Applicatin f High-Perfrmance Cncrete using Fine Fly Ash as Replacement Material f Silica Fume Bum-Sik Lee, Sang-Kyu Kim,
45.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 5, pp. 268~275, 2008. Influence f CrCl 3 in Sphene-Pink Pigments Hyun-S Lee and Byung-Ha Lee Department f Materials Science & Engineering, Myngji University,
17(1)-06.fm
Krean J. Crystallgraphy Vl., N. 1, pp.14~18, 006 LP-MOCVD w ZnO ù Ÿw p Á yá * w w» w» l Structural and Optical Prperties f ZnO Nanwires Synthesized by LP-MOCVD Prcess Yung-Jin Chi, Jae-Hwan Park and Jae-Gwan
49.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 5, pp. 303~308, 2008. Synthesis f Mullite Pwders by the Geplymer Technique Se Gu Sn, Ji Hyen Lee, Jeng Mi Lee, and Yung D Kim GEOWHA E.S.R Research Center,
( )34.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl 46, N 3, pp 75~81, 009 DOI:104191/KCERS00946375 Prus Materials frm Waste Bttle Glasses by Hydrthermal Treatment Dng-kyu Lim and Eun-Tae Kang Schl f Nan & Advanced Material
( )-106.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 6, pp. 648~652, 2009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2009.46.6.648 Prperties f the Electrlyte Separatrs fr Thermal Batteries Using SiOC Mat Kyung Hn Lim, Kwang Yun Ch, Dh
18.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 2, pp. 132~137, 2008. Pre Structure Mdificatin and Characterizatin f Prus Crdierite with Chemical Vapr Infiltratin (CVI) SiC Whisker Ik Whan Kim, Jun Gyu Kim,
16(5)-06(58).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2009.16.5.336 y-y w Sm-Fe w ƒ w zá *Á w»» The Effect of Excess Samarium Oxide on the PreparationG of Sm-Fe Alloy Powder by Reduction-diffusion
( )-100.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 6, pp. 491~497, 2010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2010.47.6.491 Temperature Dependence n Elastic Cnstant f SiC Ceramics Jng In Im, Byung-W Park, H-Yng Shin, and Jng-H
( )-93.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 6, pp. 498~0, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.6.498 Al TiO -machinable Ceramics Made by Reactive Sintering f Al O and TiO Jae Hyun Park, Wn Jae Lee, and Il S
10.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl., N. 1, pp. 65~69, 007. Crrsin f Refractry in Glass Melts fr Plasma Display Panel Substrate Ki-Dng Kim, Hyun-Su Jung, and Hy-Kwang Kim Department f Materials Science
133.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 12, pp. 807~814, 2008. Fabricatin and Characterizatin f Cu-Ni-YSZ SOFC Andes fr Direct Utilizatin f Methane via Cu pulse plating En W Park*, Hwan Mn, Jng-Jin
( )49.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N., pp. 0~5, 009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.009.46..0 Effects f the Re-xidatin Temperature and Time n the PTC Prperties f -dped BaTiO Yng-Keun ChungG and Sung-Churl Chi
( )78(이기성).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 6, N. 5, pp. 78~8, 009. DOI:10.191/KCERS.009.6.5.78 Thermal Shck and Ht Crrsin Resistance f Si Fabricated by Nitrided Pressureless Sintering Kil H Kwak, Chul Kim,
19(1) 02.fm
Korean J. Crystallography Vol. 19, No. 1, pp.7~13, 2008 Ÿ (ICISS) w š t w (2): t w y w œw Surface Structure Analysis of Solids by Impact Collision Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (2): Atomic Structure of Semiconductor
29.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 3, pp. 169~174, 2007. A Study n the CVD Depsitin fr SiC-TRISO Cated Fuel Material Fabricatin Jun Gyu Kim, E-Sul Kum, D Jin Chi, Sung Sn Kim, Hng Lim Lee, Yung
(92-96)-19.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 7, N. 1, pp. 9~96, 010. DOI:10.191/KCERS.010.7.1.09 A Scientific Apprach fr Imprving Sensitivity and Selectivity f Miniature, Slid-state, Ptentimetric Carbn Mnxide
(206).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 48, N. 6, pp. 520~524, 2011. http://dx.di.rg/10.4191/kcers.2011.48.6.520 속 보 The Prperties f the Manufactured SOFC Unit Cell using Decalcmania Methd Mi-Jai Lee, Bit-Nan
76.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl., N. 8, pp. 5~50, 2007. Effect f Brn Carbide n the Mrphlgy f SiC Cnversin Layer f Graphite Substrate frmed by Chemical Vapr Reactin Hyun-Jung Hng, Dh-Hyung Riu, Kwang-Yun
14.531~539(08-037).fm
G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked
( )-68.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 5, pp. 445~449, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.5.445 Blating Mechanism f Artificial Lightweight Aggregate fr Recycling the Waste Glass Shin Hyu Kang and Ki Gang
10(3)-10.fm
w y wz 10«3y 259~264 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w gj p p y Á Á½k * w m œw Á* w y œw (2010 9 28, 2010 10 12 k) Characteristics of Antiwashout Underwater Concrete for Reduction
65.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 7, pp. 405~410, 008. Micrstructural Changes f the Al O Ceramics during the Expsure t Flurine Plasma Dae Min Kim, Sung-Min Lee, Seng Wn Kim, Hyung Tae Kim, and
16(5)-04(61).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2009.16.5.326 ƒ w Fe œ w Cu wy SPS (II) II. w SPS p ½ *Á½ Á½{ a Á½ š b w œw, a w» gœ, b y œ Production of Fe Amorphous Powders by Gas-Atomization
(164번 김도완).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 48, N. 4, pp. 328~333, 2011. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2011.48.4.328 Effect f Degraded Al-dped ZnO Thin Films n Perfrmance Deteriratin f CIGS Slar Cell Dwan Kim, Dng-wn Lee*,
9(3)-4(p ).fm
w wz J. Kor. Soc. Cloth. Ind. 9«3y, 2007 Vol. 9, No. 3, pp.319-326(2007) w xk x p w q w Analysis of Foot Characteristics According to the Classification of Foot Types of Junior High School Girls Ji-Young
( )80(배흥택).fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 6, N. 5, pp. 515~519, 009. DOI:10.191/KCERS.009.6.5.515 Estimatin f Triblgical Prperties n Surface Mdified SiC by Chlrine Gas Reactin at Varius Temperatures Heung-Taek
10.063~070(B04_윤성식).fm
J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 63-70 Mg-3%Al-1%Zn w ƒœ» y Á x*á **Á Á w œw *w s l I ûer ** t Effect of Thermomechanical Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
53.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 6, pp. 297~32, 27. Square Wave Vltammetry in Cathde Ray Tube Glass Melt Cntaining Different Plyvalent Ins Ki-Dng Kim, Hy-Kwang Kim, and Yung-H Kim Faculty f
18(3)-06(09).fm
Jurnal f Krean Pwder Metallurgy Institute DOI: 10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.3.256 Cu, Zn, Sn, Se yw p e w xá yá Á xá½³y* û w œw Effects f Ball Milling Cnditin n Sintering f Cu, Zn, Sn and Se Mixed Pwders Jng-Hen
한 fm
Jurnal f the Krean Magnetics Sciety, Vlume 19, Number 6, December 2009 DOI: 10.4283/JKMS.2009.19.6.209 œe w w r p(bam) x» e ph w Áû k w œw, z w¼1, 200-701 (2009 10 7, 2009 11 20, 2009 11 21 y ) M-type
18(3)-10(33).fm
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Vol 18 No 3 011 DOI: 10150/KPMI01118383 e x 5Mg(OH) MgSO 3H O x w MgO NH OH w a báv y aá½xk aá½ aá½ cá½ bá½ a * aw» l bš w œw ck Effect of MgO and NH OH on
47.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 5, pp. 284~289, 2007. Synthesis f Micrcellular Crdierite Ceramics Derived frm a Preceramic Plymer In-Hyuck Sng, Yung-Mi Kim, Hai-D Kim, and Yung-Wk Kim* Department
( )-74.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 47, N. 5, pp. 81~86, 010. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.010.47.5.81 Prperties f Self-hardened Inrganic Cating in the System Alumina-Silica-Calcium Oxide by the Reactin with Alkalies
605.fm
Journal of the Korean Housing Association Vol. 19, No. 6, 2008 y k y p w sƒ Care-giver s Needs and Evaluation on the Actual Condition of the Playgrounds in Child Care Facilities y* Choi, Mock-Wha x **
51.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 44, N. 5, pp. 279~283, 2007. Preparatin and Characterizatin f BCB Resin-BNT Cmpsite Substrate Materials Un-Yng Kim, Myung-Py Chun, Jung-H Ch, Byung-Ik Kim, Yng-Hyun
50(3)-09.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Chemical Sciety 006, Vl. 0, N. 3 Printed in the Republic f Krea LED용 Sr Ga S :Eu + 황색형광체의합성및발광특성 ½ *Á ³Á½ ûá Á½ wá y w yw yw xÿ q š w yw (006. 1. 13 ) Synthesis and Luminescent Characteristics
( )43.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 46, N. 3, pp.g301~305, 2009. DOI:10.4191/KCERS.2009.46.3.301 Nvel Phenl Resin Carbnizing Methd fr Carbn Interlayer Cating between Reinfrcing Fiber and Matrix in Fiber
fm
[ ] w wz DOI: 10.3740/MRSK.2009.19.12.692 Kor. J. Mater. Res. Vol. 19, No. 12 (2009) y INCONEL 718w Gas Tungsten Arc Welding» p sƒ ½»y Á *Á *Á y** ( ) d lj p wœq, *w wœ» q **( ) d lj p t Mechanical Properties
17.fm
Jurnal f the Krean Ceramic Sciety Vl. 45, N. 2, pp. 126~131, 2008. Variatin f Phtluminescence in Zircnia Gel by Pyrlysis Kyusuk Han and Taegyung K Divisin f Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University,