:,,. 1., (m en opau se)'.,.,,, (empty n est syn drom e)',, (Kizilay, 1992).. 40 50., (vital force), (spiritu al w ell- being ). (, 1984)..,,,,,,. (, 1994).,., (W elln ess ). (Spiritu al w ell- bein g ),.,,,,,,.,,..
1). 2). 3). 4). 2. 1) 40 59. 2), 40 60 45 65., 22. 3) (Spiritu al W ell- bein g ), ( ),,,,.. 1...., 4 0 50 (Erick son ), 35 60 (Hav ighur st ) (, 1988)..,,. (, 1997).,.,.
,.,,.,.,.,, (Clim ateric). 50%,., (, 1986 ;, 1987).,,,,,,,,,,,,.., (empty n est syndrom e) (, 1997).., (, 1996).,,.,. N ov ak (1975), H argreav es (1975),.,,..,.,,.,,,,. 2.
.. ( ).,,,. 1) ( ) (, Spirit ) (, 1996)...., ( ).,,. ru aph. ( ).. ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ). ( ), ( ) ( )..,,.,.. ( ) ( ).,.,, ( )...
. W at son (1988),,,,.. Bank s (1980),,,.,., ( )., 4..,,,, (w hole body ). W at son (1988) Bank s (1980).,. 2) Soeken Carson (1987), Burkhardt (1989),. ( ),,,,. W at son (1986),,,,,,... Chapm an (1986) ( ),,,. Bank s (1988).. 3)., (, 1988 ;, 1988 ;, 1986), (, 1985 ;, 1996 ;, 1983 ;, 1986 ;, 1990).
. (1997), (1994), (1991).,.,.,.. 1...., 40 59., 1.,,.,,,. 10. 1997 3 20 4 20. 7. 350 290, 264 (91.0% ). 2. 9
4, 22, 20. 1) 3 ( 6, 9, 7 ) 22.. Neug arton (1965) 3 25. ( 1996, 1983, 1992, 1997). 4,,,. 50 60. (0 ), (1 ), (2 ), (3 ), (4 ), (5 ) 6. 22 110 0. Cronbach ' s 0.92. 2) Paloutzian & Ellison (1982) (1994). (10 ) (10 ), 2. 20 9 11, (4 ), (3 ), (2 ), (1 ) 4.. Cronbach ' s 0.91. 3. SPSS/ PC.,. ANOVA, t - test, Pearson correlation coefficient.
4. 40 59.,... 1. 81.0% 40-49, 43.9%, 38.6%. 78%, 16-20 35.2%, 21-25 33.3%, 30 4.5%, 2-3 76.5%. < 1>.,,,.. A chte (1970) (1995).. (1996)... A chte (1970),M orse (1980), (1996)..,,,.. (1994),. (1990).. < 1> N : 264
(%) M (SD) t or F (p) M (SD) t or F (p) ( ) 40 44 126(47.7) 1.42(.92) 2.99(.58) 45 49 88(33.3) 1.62(.92) 5.17 2.86(.59) 1.68 50 54 39(14.8) 1.93(.83) (.002) 2.82(.55) (.170) 55 59 11( 4.2) 2.23(1.01) 2.71(.51) 3( 1.1) 1.39(1.21) 2.96(.85) 43(16.3) 1.86(.82) 2.75(.57) 1.93 3.01 64(24.2) 1.73(.86) 2.87(.59) (.106) (.018) 116(43.9) 1.48(.99) 2.89(.57) 38(14.4) 1.44(.93) 3.18(.49) 102(38.6) 1.55(.94).428 2.84(.61) 2.22 162(61.4) 1.63(.93) (.513) 2.95(.55) (.137) 97(36.7) 1.49(.87) 3.28(.50) 51(19.3) 1.86(.90) 2.31 2.57(.41) 61.19 58(22.0) 1.67(.99) (0.76) 3.09(.47) (.000) 58(22.0) 1.46(.98) 2.39(.32) ( ) 10 15 36(13.6) 1.20(.92) 2.98(.57) 16 20 93(35.2) 1.52(.91) 4.23 2.98(.56) 1.61 21 25 88(33.3) 1.63(.93) 2.90(.61) (.002) (.172) 26 30 35(13.3) 1.93(.82) 2.75(.53) 30 12( 4.5) 2.17(.98) 2.68(.50) ( ) 1 9( 3.5) 1.35(.76) 2.93(.56) 2 112(42.4) 1.76(1.04) 3.08 3.00(.54) 3.70 3 90(34.1) 2.16(1.00) (.028) 2.91(.61) (.012) 4 53(20.0) 2.13(1.11) 2.69(.53) 244(92.4) 1.58(.92) 1.06 2.92(.56).813 20( 7.6) 1.81(1.02) (.290) 2.81(.72) (.417) 100 25( 9.5) 1.81(.83) 2.69(.59) 100 150 74(28.0) 1.85(.84) 3.07 2.91(.51) 2.96 150 250 89(33.7) 1.51(1.00) (.017) 2.85(.55) (.020) 200 76(28.8) 1.37(.91) 3.05(.63) 84(31.8) 1.41(.95) 2.74(.48) 104(39.4) 1.66(.85) 2.47 3.25(.49) 23.01 15( 5.7) 1.47(1.12) (.045) 2.98(.61) (.000) 61(23.1) 1.79(.96) 2.53(.50) 2. < 2>.. 26.9% (71 ), 6, 14, 6, 4, 6, 4, 9, 14, 5, 3. 37% (98 ), 16, 9, 4, 2, 19, 4, 14, 10, 3, 17
. 60.6% (160 ), 20.1% (53 ), 19.3% (51 ). ( 1986 ; 1993 ; 1989, 1990). 36 ( ), 57 ( ). 46-50 (58.8% ).,...,,. 45. < 2> N = 264 (%) M (SD) t or F (p) M (SD) t or F (p) 71(26.9) 1.98(0.97) 4.15 2.81(.57) 193(73.1) 1.45(0.88) (0.000) 2.92(.58).577 (.565) 98(37.1) 1.80(0.94) 2.70 2.93(.59) 166(62.9) 1.48(0.91) (0.007) 2.90(.57).407 (.685) 160(60.6) 1.40(0.87) 2.94(.59) 53(20.1) 1.80(1.05) 9.82 (0.000) 2.87(.56) 51(19.3) 1.99(0.82) 2.86(.56).503 (.605) 45 12(23.5) 1.72(0.85) 3.10(.41) ( ) 46 50 30(58.8) 2.05(0.75) 0.84 2.87(.60) (N :51) (0.437) 51 9(17.7) 2.13(1.02) 2.49(.47) 3.29 (.046) 3.,, 3 < 3>. < 3>. N =264
M (SD).96(1.38). 2.25(1.55), 2.60(1.52) 1.95(1.53) ( ) 1.76(1.51) ( ) 2.30(1.58) M (SD) 1.97(1.05) 1.47(1.60) 1.04(1.40) 2.14(1.56) 1.16(1.36) 1.39(1.52) 1.66(1.49), 1.75(1.68).79(1.27).53(1.06) M (SD) 1.32(.89) 2.41(1.60) 1.31(1.48) 1.62(1.43) 1.52(1.45) 1.56(1.49) 1.60(1.51) 1.30(1.51) M (SD) 1.62(1.11) M (SD) 1.60(.93) 2.60 0.53, 5 1.60 (1996) 1.59., 2.60, 2.41. 1.32, (2.14 ).,. (1983), (1987), (1995). W ilbur, H olm Dan (1992) 30% (, ), 50%,,, ( 1997)..
< 3-1>. 95.8% 37 95% (1996) (60 : 27.90 ). < 3-1> N =264 (%) M (SD) 0 36 141(53.4) 37 73 112(42.4) 35.20(20.61) 74 110 11( 4.2) 20 4 < 4>. 2.76, 3.04. (, 1997 ;, 1994 ;, 1990). (1990) 6 87, 4.24..,.,. < 4>
M (SD) 2.70(1.05) 2.91(1.09) 2.92(1.00) 2.55(1.06) 2.78(1.01) 2.70(1.05) 2.70(1.05) 2.76(0.96) 2.64(1.01) 2.89(0.96) M (SD) 2.76(0.81) 3.05(0.98) 3.02(0.82) 3.14(0.91) 2.93(0.82) 2.93(0.81) 3.12(0.86) 3.10(0.69) 3.23(0.80) 2.81(0.89) 3.80(0.79) M (SD) 3.04(.54) M (SD) 2.91(.58) 4.... < 5>. < 5> M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) t or F (p) 1.79(1.04) 2.22(1.08) 2.29(0.90) 6.52(0.002) 1.12(.81) 1.55(1.01) 1.72(0.84) 11.7(0.000) 1.43(1.05) 1.77(1.30) 2.07(0.95) 7.12(0.001) 2.76(0.86) 2.75(0.79) 2.77(0.69) 0.01(0.998) 3.10(0.52) 2.97(0.55) 2.93(0.58) 2.32(0.100) 3 (,, ).. (1997)
.,.. (1988), (1989), (1977).,..,,. (1995). 5. < 6>. < 6> r (p ).767(.000).800(.000).784(.000) -.006(.917) -.002(.972) 0.25(.681) -.312(.000) -.302(.000) -.349(.000).485(.000) -.133(.031), (- )..,,.,,,, 3 (- ).,,. (- )..,.,.
( )..,.,,..,,. Catolico(1997),,.,,..,. 40 59 264, 1997 3 20 4 20.,,. N eug arton,,, 3 22. Paloutzian & Ellison, 2 20.,,, A NOVA, t - test, P ear son ' s correlation.. 1. (F =5.17, P =0.002), (F =4.23, P =0.002), (F =3.08, P =0.028), (F =3.07, P =0.017), (F =2.47, P =0.045). (F =61.19, P =0.000), (F =3.04, P =0.018), (F =3.70, P =0.012), (F =2.96, P =0.020), (F =23.1, P =0.000),. 2. (F =4.15, P =0.000), (F =2.70, P =0.007), (F =9.82, P =0.000),.,,
45 (F =3.29, P =0.46). 3., (2.60 ), (, ) ( 1.97, 1.60). (3.40) (2.76), 2.91. 4., (F =6.52, P =0.002).,. 5. (- ) (r =- 0.13).., (- ) ( ; r =- 0.31, ; r =- 0.30, ; r =- 0.35).. 1.,... 2.,,,.,,,. 3.,.,..,. (1996)... (1985).., 3 (1). (1987)...
, (1997).., 3 (1), 67-76. (1983)... (1986)... (1997).., 21(1). (1986)...,, (1986).., 7. (1996).., 2(2), 235-243.,,, (1994).. :. (1987)... (1988)... (1997).. :. (1996)., 42. (1995)... (1995). (T he A merican Social W elfare Serv ice of W om en ' s Health Care).,, 18., (1987).., 1281, 291-304., (1992).., 2(1).,,, (1995).., 1(2)., (1996). H orm one Replacem ent T reatm ent.., 39 (10), 1899-1912. 4 (1997).. :. (1994).., 24(4), 623-634. 6 (1995).. :. (1988).. :. (1993)... (1989).., 2(19), 160-172.,,, (1990)..
, 33(10), 107-116. (1988).., 12. (1984). :.. (1997).., 2(2), 230-240. (1990).., 33 (1). (1994).., 9 (1). 91991).., 14 (1), 237-250. (1993)... 5 (1995).., 34 (4), 70-82. (1990).,.. (1989).,,., 11, 51-57. (1996). :. (1986)... A chte, K. (1970). M enopau se from the p sy chiatrist ' s, point of view. A cta. Ob stet. Gynce. Scand, 49, 1-17. Bank s, R. (1980). H ealth and Spiritual dim en sion : r elation ships and im plication s for professional preparation program s. T he Journ al of school H ealth, 50(4), 195-202. Burkh ardt, M. A. (1980). Spiritu al h ealth ; An aly sis of the con cept. H olistic Nur sin g Practice, 3 (3), 69-77. Ch apm an, L. S. (1986). Spiritu al h ealth ; A compon ent mis sin g from h ealth prom otion. A merican Journ al of H ealth Prom otion, 1(1), 38-41. Ellison, C. W. (1983). Spiritual w ell- being : Con ceptualization an d m ea surem ent. Journal of P sy chology an d T heology, 11(4), 330-340. H argreav es, A. G. (1975). M aking th e m ost of the middle y ear. Am erican Journal of Nur sing, 75 (10), 1098. Kizilay, P. E. (1992). Predictor s of depres sion in w om en. Nur sin g Clinics of North A merica, 27 (4), 983-993. M or se, C. (1980). "T he Middle scent w om en and the m en opau sal syn drom e" T he A u stralian Nur se Journ al, 9 (8), 37-48. N ov ak, E. R. (1975). T ex tbook of g en ecology. T h e W illiam s W ilkin s co. baltim ore. Catolico, O. (1997). P sy chological w ell- Bein g of cambodian w om en in resettlem ent. A merican Journ al of Nur sing, 19 (4), 75-84. Soeken, K. L., & Car son, V. J. (1986). Stu dy m ea sures nur ses attitu des ab out providing
spiritual care. H ealth progres s, 67, 52-55. Stu art, M., Deckro, D., & M anble, L. (1989). Spirituality in h ealth an d healin g : Clinical program. H olistic Nur sing Practice, 3 (3), 35-46. W ilbur, J., Holm, K., & Dan, A. (1992). T he relation ship of energy ex penditure to phy sical an d psy chologic symptom s in w om en at midlife. Nur sin g Outlook, 35 (1), 269-276. - A b s t ract - Key con cept : Middle - aged w om an, M enopau sal symptom s, Spiritual w ell- being On th e Re lation s hip B et w e en M en opau s al S y m pt om s an d S piritu al W e ll - b ein g Kim, Mi Hy ang T h e purpose of this stu dy is to inv estig ate the relation ship betw een m en opau sal symptom s an d spiritu al w ell- b ein g. In order to collect the research data, 350 qu estion aries w ere sent to th e middle ag ed w om en w h o w ere 40-59 y ear s old. During th e collection period, M arch 20, 1977- April 20, 1977, 264 question aries w ere collected. T he questionnaire w as prepared by u sing oth er researchers ' scale, such as menopau sal symptom scale by N eug arton and spiritu al w ell- b ein g scale by Paloutzian & Ellison. T he research data w ere analy zed by v ariou s testable m ethods, such a s frequ ency, t - test or ANOVA, and Pear son ' s correlation. T h e m ain result s of this stu dy w ere a s follow s ; Am ong th e gen eral characteristic v ariables, som e v ariables hav e statistical significan cy in explaining the differen ce of the m enopau sal symptom s. Su ch v ariables inclu de age (F =5.17, p =0.002), y ear s get m arried (F =4.23, p =0.002), number of children (F =3.08, p =0.028), incom e lev el of family (F =3.07, p =0.017), life style at leisure tim e (F =2.47, p =0.045). S om e v ariables r elated to health con dition could explain the differences of the m en opau sal symptom s am ong middle ag ed w omen. current m en stru ation stage (F =9.82, p =0.000), curr ent health condition (F =9.82, p =0.000), and experien ce being oper ated in the past (F =9.82, p =0.000) are related to the m en opau sal symptom s. Seriou s m en opau sal symptom s w hich could be foun d in this stu dy w ere 'b ack pain an d joint pain s (2.6)', n erv ou sn ess (2.4), and psy ch osom atic symptom (1.97). Spiritual w ell- being inquiries could be clas sified int o t w o subgr oup s, exist ential an d religiou s. T h e m ean score of existential w ell- b ein g (3.04) w as higher than that of religiou s w ell- bein g (2.76).
Relativ ely high er exist ential w ell- bein g (3.10) w as found in th e w om en w h o hav e stable men struation cy cle. T he ag e w h en the m enopau se b egan w as related to spiritual w ell- b ein g (F =3.29, p =0.046). T h e correlation betw een menopau sal symptom s and spiritu al w ell- being w a s statistically significant (r =- 0.133, p=0.031). Ba sed on th e abov e result s, nur sing interv ention program of m enopau sal symptom s is recomm ended in order to prom ote the health of middle- ag ed w om en.