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1 (Data Envelopment Analysis) An analysis of Airport Efficiency for Air cargo Hub in the Northeast Asian Region using DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)
2 (Data Envelopment Analysis) An analysis of Airport Efficiency for Air cargo Hub in the Northeast Asian Region using DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)
3
4 < > 1 1p 1 1p 2 2p 2...4p 1...4p 1. 4p 2...5p p 4. 15p 2.18p p 2. 23p 43p 1. (Hub & Spoke System).43p p - 4 -
5 p 3 (Data Envelopment Analysis).49p 1 (Efficiency)...49p 2 (Data Envelopment Analysis)...51p 3..55p 4 60p 1 60p 2 64p 1. CCR.64p 2. BCC 68p 3.70p 5.73p <> < > 2000 ~ 2002 Data - 5 -
6 [ 2-1] 5p [ 2-2] GDP 6p [ 2-3] 7p [ 2-4] p [ 2-5] 9p [ 2-6] 9p [ 2-7] SKY TEAM CARGO 11p [ 2-8] WOW alliance 13p [ 2-9] 17p [ 2-10] 18p [ 2-11] 21p [ 2-12] 25p [ 2-13] 28p [ 2-14] 30p [ 2-15] 33p [ 2-16] 35p [ 2-17] 37p [ 2-18] 39p [ 2-19] Hub and Spoke 44p [ 2-20] 44p - 6 -
7 [ 3-1] Farrell 49p [ 4-1] 62p [ 4-2] 63p [ 4-3] KIX 66p [ 4-4] KIX 67p [ 4-5] KIX 69p [ 4-6] KIX 70p [ 4-7] 71p - 7 -
8 [ 2-1] Sky Team Cargo 12p [ 2-2] WOW-alliance 14p [ 2-3] GDP16p [ 2-4] 16p [ 2-5] 19p [ 2-6] 19p [ 2-7] 20p [ 2-8] 20p [ 2-9] 23p [ 2-10] 29p [ 2-11] 33p [ 2-12] 35p [ 2-13] 37p [ 2-14] 39p [ 2-15] 42p [ 3-1] 58p [ 4-1] 30 61p [ 4-2] DEA DMU63p [ 4-3] DEA 64p [ 4-4] CCR 65p [ 4-5] BCC 68p - 8 -
9 [ 4-6] DEA70p [ 4-7] 72p - 9 -
10 : : :,. SCM,. 3,,,
11 . DEA ,.,, BCC, 36%. DEA.. Data. :, Hub & Spoke, SCM,
12 1 1 (opportunity cost) Hub.,
13 2,...,. DEA. (DEA: Data Envelopment Analysis). DEA DMU(Decision Making Unit). (Input) (Output),. DMU(Decision Making Unit), 2002 ACI(Airport Council International) Rank Data 7 DMU,
14 (International Air Transport Association), (Airport Council International), (International Civil Aviation Organization),. DEA 1 Excel Solver, Excel Solver 2 Banxia Frontier Analyst.,
15 (Fortune) % 74%. (Temple et. al., 1987),,,... (Prabir, K. Bagchi, 1992; Yip, George S, 1992),,,,,,,,. (Chee-Chuong Sum et. al., 2001). 20~25%(UNCTAD, 1993), (Supply Chain Management)
16 .,,,. (Philip B. Schary, 1995) 2..,. [ 2-1] [ 2-1] : Aviation week & Space Technology, ,,
17 ,.. Boeing Annual Report (World wide GDP) %,. GDP. [ 2-2] (Boeing, 2003a) [ 2-2] GDP : World overview and Forecast, Boeing Annual Report, 2003.,, (Inter national express air cargo)
18 % %,. (Boeing, 2003b). (Just-In-Time),,. (Boeing 2003a) % % 26.1%,. [ 2-3] (Boeing, 2003b) [ 2-3] : IATA Annual Report
19 ,. [ 2-4] [ 2-4] : Mercer Management Consulting
20 5~7%, 2~3%. [2-5] [2-5] : Mercer Analysis (Boeing) % 27.4%. (Mark & John, 2001) [2-6] [2-6] (1994~2001) : Boeing World Air Cargo Forecast
21 ,. alliance. Global alliance Sky Team Cargo WOW alliance alliance alliance. 1) Sky Team Cargo Sky Team Cargo Sky Team Cargo,, alliance. Sky Team 4 (TIACA, The Internatioal Air Cargo Association) ' 2000(Air Cargo Forum 2000)' 9 28 ' '.[2-7] Sky Team Cargo alliance Lufthansa WOW alliance, (Star), (Oneworld), (Wings) 4 Sky Team Cargo. Sky Team Cargo 4,,,
22 ,,. [2-7] SKY TEAM CARGO,,,,, ( ), , 4,. Sky Team Cargo Sky Team Cargo
23 , (Equation), (Cohesion), (Variation), (Dimension) 4. [2-1]. [2-1] Sky Team Cargo (Equation) (Variation) (Cohesion) (Dimension) : Korean air Cargo,,,
24 2) Wow alliance Wow alliance 'WOW (WOW alliance)' 1 3, SAS [ 2-8] WOW alliance ,,, [2-8] WOW alliance
25 WOW alliance WOW alliance (joint general cargo service). WOW alliance 'td.pro' 'General Cargo', SAS WOW 3.[ 2-2] [ 2-2] WOW-alliance Lufthansa SAS Singapore Japan Cargo Cargo Airl. Cargo Airl. Cargo HUBS Frankfurt, Cologne CPH, STO, OSL, GOT, Singapore Tokyo EMPLOYEES 5,411 1, DESTINATIONS COUNTRIES 523 Worldwide 103 Worldwide CONTINENTS 5 FLEET 43 Freighters and 767 Passenger Aircrafts REVENUE 2,194 Mio. US$ 210 Mio. US$ 1,140 Mio. US$ 190 Billion Yen FTKO in Billion Freight tons/km offered FTKT in Billion Freight tons/km transported :
26 WOW alliance. 'td.flash', SAS 'SAS Priority', 'Swiftrider'.. 4.,,,.. (Bhatnagar, R. et.al.,1999),. DHL, FedEx UPS.. 28%(2000 )..,
27 ... GDP % %, 2006~ %. [ 2-3] [ 2-3] GDP :, %, % % [ 2-4] [ 2-4] % ASEAN EU NAFTA :,
28 . [2-9] [ 2-9] : World air transport statistics, 47 Edition.,. (Ross Robinson., 1998), Hub. Hub Asian Logistics Center Asian Business Center. Asian Logistics Center Transport Hub, Total Logistics
29 Hub, Economics Hub. (Hun soo Lee.et. al., 2002), Hub % %, - 7.0%. [ 2-10] [ 2-10] : World Overview and Forecast, Boeing Annual Report,
30 , 2020, 43% [ 2-5] [ 2-5] : metric tons / 2001 / / / / / Volume ,874 1,993 1,001 Capacity 1, ,700 1,380 1,400 Evaluation : ACI Total Cargo: Loaded+ Unloaded Freight+ Mail in metric tons. [ 2-6] [ 2-6] : metric tons / 2001 / / / / / Current Future plan Final year Evaluation : ACI Total Cargo: Loaded+ Unloaded Freight+ Mail in metric tons
31 2, 94%. 1990, 16% ,180m , [ 2-7] [ 2-7] : 2000 ` (A) 1, , , , ,062.8 (B) 1, , , , , ,000.0 B-A , (A/B) : Hajime Inamura, Transport Demands, Costs, and Infrastructure Capacity: Case of Japan,Building Regional distribution and Logistics Centers in Northeast Asia: Monthly Transportation. 3,500m %. 5, %
32 70%., WTO... [ 2-11] [ 2-11] : CAAC, McKinsey analysis
33 . 20%.. (Staffan Hertzell, 2001) %. (, ). (Chunyan Yu., 2001.) 2001 WTO, (Hiroshi Ohashi et.al, 2003) World Expo. (Shanghai, 2003) 46.5% %, , ,
34 30 10, ᆞᆞ 3 ᆞ. 3, ᆞ ) (Chiang Kai-Shek International Airport) (TPE) (gateway) TPE 40km, 1,223m 2, 3,660m X 60m, 3,350 X 60m, 2752 X 45m m [2-8]
35 [2-8] m 2 3,660m X 60m ,350 X 60m (1999) (1999) (1999) 2752 X 45m. TPE 1991,., 18,. 8. 1,400 TPE 2,200. TPE air cargo terminal 1 air cargo terminal TPE Airport office. parameter,
36 .,,... TPE ,681, %. 14 %, 1.208, , %. [2-12] [ 2-12] : Airport Benchmarking Report TPE. IATA,
37 2) (Singapore Changi International Airport). (Gateway) (SIN). SIN 20km, 2Km. SIN 1911, 1937 (Kallang airport) SIN , 4,000mx60m 3,355mx60m ,728 4, 78m. 2( ) 2400, [2-9]
38 [2-9] m 2 4,000m X 60m ,355m X 60m (1997) (1997) (1997) SIN 30. SIN 25. SIN 8, 3~ SIN (Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore: CAAS).. SIN , (Best Airport in the world)
39 2000 SIN 9.8%, % 5%. [2-13] SIN, SIN 60. SIN Star Alliance,. [ 2-13] : Airport Benchmarking Report SIN Star Alliance. Star Alliance Virgin Atlantic Airways Air New Zealand SIN, British Airways Qantas Oneworld alliance
40 partner. 5. 3) (Beijing Capital International Airport) 28km (PEK) Boeing , PEK 2000, Beijing Capital International Airport Company Beijing Capital International Airport Group Corporation,,,, VIP PEK, ( ) 4.3, 36. [ 2-10]
41 [2-10] m 2 3,400m ,800m,. 2600, , ,. PEK 2, , ().,.,. 2 H( ), %
42 [ 2-14] : Airport Benchmarking Report ) (Tokyo Narita International Airport) (NRT) 60km. NRT , ,. NRT ,000mx60m 2,500mx60m , 30m
43 ,000. 3( ) m , , , 98. [2-11] NRT,, (Narita Airport Authority) [2-11] m 2 4,000mx60m, ,500mx60m (1997) (1997) (1997) NRT 6.7% 4.9%. NRT. [ 2-15]
44 [ 2-15] : Airport Benchmarking Report ) (Bang Kok International Airport) (BKK) 24km. BKK , 600, 3,700mx60m 3,500mx45m ( ) 2500, 4,
45 , , [ 2-12]. 100 (Dayroom),,,. AAT(Airports Authority of Thailand: )., BKK B B m $(us) BKK. [2-12] m 2 3,700mx60m, ,500mx45m (1997) (1997) (1997) BKK % %
46 . BKK 80 Hub. [ 2-16] [ 2-16] : Airport Benchmarking Report ) (Kansai International Airport) (KIX) KIX ,500mx60m 1, 1 720m ( )
47 1( ) m , , , 75 [2-13]. 3.75km,.,, () (Kansai International Airport Co. Ltd.) [2-13] ,500mx60m m 2 (1997) (1997) (1997) KIX 2.9%, 15.8%. 4.4%. [2-17]
48 [ 2-17] : Airport Benchmarking Report ) (Hong Kong Chek Lap Kok International Airport) (HKG) HKG 30km, 1,255Ha, 49, 3,800mx60m 2, , 21. 3,000. 1( ) 3500, 2(32)
49 HKG 66, , 3500, 110. [2-14] 23, (Tuen Mun) 10. ᆞᆞᆞ (franchised buses),. 750m (Automated Passenger Mover) AAHK(Airport Authority Hong Kong:). [2-14] ,800mx60m m 2 3,800mx60m (1998) (1998) (1998) 2000 HKG 10.2% 22. HKG 13.3%, 7%
50 2 89. [ 2-18] [ 2-18] : Airport Benchmarking Report HKG 2002 Skytrax Research 2002 Air- Cargo News Cargo Airport HKG ) (Incheon International airport) 21 (Hub), ,
51 1992~ , 17 2, , 1.7km.,,,,. 270, 120, 28, 6, , 170 t. [ 2-17] m, 200m., 6,200, , 875, 1, 700, 53 (). Top class. 7 CAT-B.. (IATA) (40~50), 4~6. Insight Media Ltd Airport Service Excellence Award 2(2002, 2003)
52 .. [2-12] km 2 3,750mx60m 3,800mx60m 100.4m , 40%(15), 25%(24 ). 30%(29), 14%(23t) %(15) , 400,
53 3 1. (Hub & Spoke System) Hub. (Hub) (Spoke). Hub Hub & Spoke System. Hub & Spoke System FedEx,, UPS, Norfolk, Southern, Yellow Freight. (Sue Abdinnour-Helm, 2001; Wong Kok Siew, 2002) (line type), (grid type) (Hub & Spoke) 3. (Hanlon, P., 1996).,. [ 2-19],
54 [ 2-19] Hub and Spoke : Association of European Airlines yearbook (hinterland) (hourglass). [ 2-20] [ 2-20] Hinterland hub ( ) :,
55 .,,,. ( Doganis, R.S. 1989) 2.,.,,.,,,.,.. code share.. ( 2001)
56 3.., (multistop),,.,. (Hiroshi Ohashi et. al, 2003),.,. (Sue Abdinnour-Helm, 2001) (T/S Cargo),. 1, 1,000.. (Hiroshi Ohashi, 2003),
57 .,. Hub & Spoke,.,.,. IATA 78%. (Ellen Christiaanse, 2003)..,.,..,
58 ...,,
59 3 (Data Envelopment Analysis) 1 (Efficiency) (Efficiency) (Input) (Output). Farrell(1957) (X-inefficiency).. [ 3-1] Farrell X 2 A X 2D X 2C Q 1 Q P B Á K=P 1 X 1 +P 2 X 2 X 1q X 1p X 1 [ 3-1] Farrell. AA X1 X2 (Isoquant curve)
60 Y=f(X1, X2) 1 (Production Frontier). AA, AA. P, Q P, P (X1p, X2p) = (X1q, X2p) t. OP OQ P Q t OQ/OP. P OQ/OP Farrell OQ/OP.. (Parameter technique) (Stochastic approach) (Econometric approach). (Ratio analysis), (Productivity in dex approach), (Regression analysis). (Ratio analysis).,,
61 (Productivity index approach),,,.,,. (Regression analysis). (Non-parameter technique) ( Non-stochastic approach) (Liner programming approach). (Data Envelopment Analysis). (Data Envelopment Analysis) ( Data Envelopment Analysis)- DEA-. DEA (DMU: Decision Making Unit). (, 2003)
62 DEA. DEA,, (), (), (), ().(, 2002) Charnes, Cooper & Rhodes DEA (multiple inputs) (multiple outputs). DEA. DEA (DMU). DEA (Liner Programming Technique).. (Efficiency)= (Output) / (Input).. (Efficiency)=Weighed Sum of Outputs / Weighted Sum of Inputs
63 . J J = u1 y1 j + u2 y2 j / 1 1 j 2 2 j + L v x + v x + L u = r y r rj = j r v i = i x ij = j i. Charnes, Coope r & Rhodes(1978) DMU ( 1) CCR. ( 2). MAX h 0 = t r= 1 m r= 1 u r y v i x ij rj0 0 subject to : t r= 1 m r= 1 ur y rj 0 v x i ij0 =, j = 1,..., n, u, v ε, rand i... ( 1) r i
64 subject to : MAX h0 = u r y rj 0 m i= 1 t r= 1 v i x ij u r y rj = 0 1 t r= 1 m i= 1 v i x ij 0, j = 1,..., n, u ε, r = 1,..., t,...( 2) v ε, i = 1,..., m, CCR DMU.,. Banker, Charnes & Cooper(1984) BCC. BCC CCR u 0. MAX h = u r y rj 0 subject to : = m i= 1 t r= 1 i x ij t u 0 0 r= 1 v 0 1 u r y rj v ε, i m i= 1 v i x ij u ε, r = 1,..., t, = 1,..., m, 0, j = 1,..., n, u = urs( free) 0 Variable.. ( 3) DEA, CCR, BCC
65 ,... 1) Gillen and Lall(1997) Gillen and Lall(1997) , ,,,,,., 2 4,,,. 2) Joseph Sarkis(2000) Joseph Sarkis(2000) 44.,
66 ,,,,,. DEA,. 3) Adler and Berechman(2001) Adler and Berechman(2001),,.,,,,. 4) Marin and Roman Marin and Ro man.,,, 3. 5) Peles(2001) Peles(2001) Gill and Lall(1 997).,
67 ,.,, Check-in-desk,,. 6) Elton Fernandes(2002) Elton Fernandes(2002) 35.,, Check-in-counter, Curb,,,. 7), (2002) (2002),, 3 2.,. 8) Bazargan and Vasigh(2003) Bazargan and Vasigh(2003),,.,,,
68 ,,,,. [ 3-1] DEA DMU Input Variable Output Variable BCC Gillen & Lall (1997) Joseph Sarks (2000) Alder & Berechman CCR () () BCC / CCR BCC, 5 1, 26 (2001) BCC / CCR
69 Marin & Roman (2001) Peles (2001) Elton Fernandes (2002) (2002) Bazargan & Vasigh (2003) Check in-desk BCC( ) Check-in-counter Curb BCC( ) 1 1 BCC 1 BCC / CCR CCR 6 () ()
70 4 1 DEA (DMU),...,.. DMU 2003 Worldwide Airport Traffic Report(ACI) 30 9 (HKG, NRT, SIN, TPE, PUG, BKK, KIX, PEK, CAN) (ICN) 1. [ 4-1], 7 (HKG, NRT, SIN, TPE, PUG, KIX, ICN) DMU
71 [ 4-1] 30 World Lanking Airport Cargo(tons) Change % JAN 2004 AUG 2003 OCT HONG KONG, CN (HKG) TOKYO, JP (NRT) SEOUL, KR (ICN) NA 9 SINGAPORE, SG (SIN) TAIPEI, TW (TPE) SHANGHAI, CN (PUG) NA NA 19 BANGKOK, TH (BKK) OSAK A, JP (KIX) BEIJING, CN (PEK) TOKYO, JP (HND) GUANGZHOU, CN (CAN) NA NA : (HND) : Airport Council International(2004), DEA ,
72 ,,,,,,,,,,,. DEA,.. [ 4-1] ,, 8, 10, 6, 6, 5.[ 4-1],,,.[ 4-2]
73 [ 4-2] 3. (input),,,, 5. 6, (output). [ 4-2],[ 4-3] [ 4-2] DEA DMU DMU 1 (PEK) 2001~ (PUG) 2001~
74 3 (KIX) 2001~ (NRT) 2001~ (SIN) 2001~ (ICN) 2001~ (TPE) 2003 [ 4-3] DEA Input Data Output Data V1 U1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 1. CCR [ 4-4] CCR. (=1). [ 4-4] CCR CCR HONG KONG, CN (HKG) (Effi) (Effi) (Effi)
75 TOK YO, JP (NRT) (Effi) (Effi) (Effi) - SEO UL, KR (ICN) (Effi) (Effi) (Effi) - SINGAPORE, SG (SIN) (Effi) (Effi) (Effi) - TAIPEI, TW (TPE) 2001 na na 2002 na na (Effi) - SHANGHAI, CN (PVG) (INEffi) NRT (INEffi) NRT (INEffi) NRT OSAKA, JP (KIX) (INEffi) HKG,NRT (INEffi) HKG, NRT (INEffi) HKG, NRT : 1) Effi DMU, INEffi DMU CCR (<1.0). CCR DMU. DMU
76 2002,,,,..[ 4-3] [ 4-3] KIX, DEA., DEA,, DMU.. DMU DMU, DMU
77 2002. DMU. (80%), (75%), (79%), (82%), (80%), (80%).. [ 4-4] [ 4-4] KIX 2. BCC [ 4-5] CCR (Variable returns to scale) BCC
78 [ 4-5] BCC BCC HONG KONG, CN (HKG) (Effi) constant (Effi) constant (Effi) constant - TOKYO, JP (NRT) (Effi) constant (Effi) constant (Effi) constant - SEOUL, KR (ICN) (INEffi) increasing HKG, NRT (Effi) constant (INEffi) increasing HKG, NRT SINGAPORE, SG (SIN) (Effi) constant (Effi) constant (Effi) constant - TAIPEI, TW (TPE) 2001 na - na 2002 na - na (Effi) constant - SHANGHAI, CN (PVG) (Effi) constant (Effi) constant (Effi) constant - OSAKA, JP (KIX) (Effi) constant (INEffi) increasing ICN, PVG (INEffi) increasing NRT, TPE : 1) Effi DMU, INEffi DMU BCC [ 4-5]
79 [ 4-5] KIX CCR BCC. [ 4-6] [ 4-6] KIX (Actual Data) BCC (Target Data),
80 DMU (PVG) (ICN). 3 CCR BCC CCR. BCC [ 4-6] [ 4-6] CCR BCC Change of Scale (Effi) (INEffi) increasing HKG, NRT (Effi) - 1 (Effi) constant (Effi) (INEffi) increasing HKG, NRT
81 ,.. [ 4-7] [ 4-7]
82 BCC, 11%, 24%, 6%. [ 4-7] [ 4-7] Input / Output Actual Target Potential Improvement Connectivity % Capacity(Cargo) % Apron(Cargo) % Warehouse 205, , % Total cargo 1,678,407 2,278, % % 227..,
83 5 DEA....,.,,.,,
84 DEA CCR BCC ,,.,., Hardware Software.,.,. DEA 1 DMU. DEA
85 IATA ACI,.. Data
86 1., (20 02),,, 10, 2 p (2001),,, p ( ),,, p , (1998), 2 2, , p Airport Council International, Worldwide Airport Traffics Report , Worldwide Airport Traffics Report , Worldwide Airport Traffics Report AEA, Association of European Airlines year book Airport Benchmarking Report: Global standard for airport Excellence, Air Transport Research Society, Adler and Berechman, Measuring Airport Quality from the Airline s Viewpoint: an pp Aviation week & Space Technology, 2001 Application of Data Envelopment Analysis, Transport Policy 8, 2001,
87 8. Bazaran and Vasigh, Size versus efficicncy: a case syudy of US commercial airports, Journal of Air transport Management, Boeing Annual Report, Executive summary and Significant Industry Trends, p3. 10., World overview and Forecast, pp.7~ Bhatnagar, R., Sohal, A.S. and Millen, R., Third-Party logistics services: a Singapore perspective, International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 29 No.9, 1999, pp. 569~ Chee-Chuong Sum and Chew-Been Tao and Kwan-Ke Ng, Stratiegic logistics management in Singapore, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol21 No.9, 2001, p Chunyan Yu, Transport Demands, Costs, and Infrastructure Capacity : Case of China, Building Regional distribution and Logistics Centers in Northeast Asia : Monthly Transportation, KOTI, 2003,pp.8~ Doganis, R.S. and Dennis, Lessons in hubbing, Airline Business, 1989, pp Ellen Christia anse and Jan Damsgaard, A Tale Two Airports: A Comparison of Electronic Infrastructures in Air Cargo Industry in the Netherlands and Hong Kong SAR, 2003, p Farell,M. J., The Measurement of Productive Efficiency, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1957,pp.253~ Ferandes and Pacheco, Efficient use of airport capacity, Transportation Research Part A 36, 2002, pp Gillen and Lall, Developing Measures Of Airport Productivity and Performance: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis, Transportation Research-E 33, 1997, pp H. Leibenstein, allocative Efficiency verse X-efficiency, American Economic Review 56 (3), 1981, p Hajime Inamura, Transport Demands, Costs, and Infrastructure Capacity: Case of Japan, Building Regional distribution and Logistics Centers in Northeast Asia: Monthly Transportation, KOTI, 2003, p Hanlon, P., Global Airlines: Competition in a transnational industry, Butterworth- Heinemann Ltd, 1996, pp. 70~ Hiroshi Ohashi, An analysis of the freight Hubs in Northeast Asia : Focus on Air Freight Transshipment Route Choice Analysis, Building Regional distribution and Logistics Centers in Northeast Asia : Monthly Transportation, KOTI, 2003, pp.43~
88 23. Hiroshi Ohashi, Tae Hoon Oum, Tae Seung Kim & Chunyan Yu, Relative Importance of Handling Times VS. Airport Charges, 2003, p Hun soo Lee, Han Mo Yang, Strategies for global logistics and economic hub : In cheon International Airport, Journal of Air Transport Management, 2002, p113~ ICAO, The world of civil aviation 2002~2005, IATA, World Air Transport Statistics 43 th Edition, , World Air Transport Statistics 44 th Edition, 2000 th 28., World Air Transport Statistics 45 Edition, , World Air Transport Statistics 46 th Edition, , World Air Transport Statistics 47 th Edition, , Airport Capacity demand profiles 2003Edition. 32. Joseph Sarkis, An analysis of the operational efficiency of major airports in the United States, Journal of Operations Management 18, 2000, pp Mark Kadar & John Larew, Securing the Future of Air cargo: Mercer on Travel and Transport, MERCER Management consulting,2003, p Martin and Roman, An application of DEA to measure the efficiency of Spanish Airports prior to Privatization, Journal of Air Transport Management 7, 2001, pp Pels, Nijkamp, and Rietveld, Relative efficiency of European airports, Transport Policy 8, 2001, pp Philip B. Schary & Tage Skjǿtt-Larsen, Managing the Global Supply Chain, Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd, Copenhagen,1995, pp.95~ Prabir, K. Bagchi,International Logistics Information Systems, International Journal of Physcial Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 22(9),1992, p Ross Robinson, Asian hub/feeder nets : the dynamics of restructuring, Maritime policy & Management, Vol 25, No 1,1998, pp.23~ Staffan Hertzell, China s Evolving Logistics Landscape, McKinsey & Company,2001, p Sue Abdinnour-Helm, Using simulated annealing to solve the p-hub median Problem, International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Managements, Vol.31 No. 3, 2001, p Temple, Barder and Sloane Inc., International Logistics-Meeting the Challenges of Global Distribution Channels, Lexingtion, April,1987, p The Monthly Essential China, Airports, Shanghai: A Strong Competitor in North Asia s Hub Race, Airlines & Tourism, 2003,p
89 43. UNCTAD, Institutional and technological changes in transport/logistics field, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD, 1999, P Wong Kok Siew, Developing Singapore into a Global Integrated Logistics Hub, Report of the Working Group on Logistics, ERC Working Group on Logistics,2002, pp.1~ Yip, George S, Total Global Strategy, Prentice Hall, 1992, p
90 < > Global SCM LAB Homepage : wasabi76@empal.com
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93 < > Data 2001 INPUT OUT PUT Ware House Apron Capacity Connectivity Connectivity Total Cargo Space (Cargo) (Cargo) city country (Square meters) (EA) (Million tons) (EA) (EA) (metric tonnes) HONG KONG, CN (HKG) 210, ,100,276 TOKYO, JP (NRT) 145, , 680, 937 SEOUL, KR (ICN) 205, ,196,843 SINGAPORE, SG (SIN) 100, , 529, 930 SHANGHAI, CN (PVG) 222, ,541 OSAKA, JP (KIX) 264, , INPUT OUT PUT Ware House Apron Capacity Service Connectivity Total Cargo Space (Cargo) (Cargo) Airliner country (Square meters) (EA) (Million tons) (EA) (EA) (metric tonnes) HONG KONG, CN (HKG) 210, ,504,584 TOKYO, JP (NRT) 145, ,001,822 SEOUL, KR (ICN) 205, ,705,880 SINGAPORE, SG (SIN) 100, ,660,404 SHANGHAI, CN (PVG) 222, ,966 OSAKA, JP (KIX) 264, ,
94 INPUT OUT PUT Ware House Apron Capacity Connectivity Total Cargo Airport Space (Cargo) (Cargo) airport (Square meters) (EA) (Million tons) (EA) (metric tonnes) HONG KONG, CN (HKG) 210, ,416,934 TOKYO, JP (NRT) 149, ,954,881 SEOUL, KR (ICN) 205, ,678,467 SINGAPORE, SG (SIN) 100, , 488,700 TAIPEI, TW (TPE) 191, ,363,286 SHANGHAI, CN (PVG) 222, ,068,038 OSAKA, JP (KIX) 264, ,
95 - Abstract - An analysis of Airport Efficiency for Air cargo Hub in the Northeast Asian Region using DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) Name: Jae Kyung. Moon Department: Graduate school of INHA Univers ity Thesis Advisor: Oh Kyoung Kwon Nowadays, the process of business management itself is becoming important together with the efficiency between systematic organizations. In this kind of SCM environment, global companies are transferring their business management systems, and for that matter, along with increasing the strength of company s competitiveness, Logistics management is one of the biggest issues in increasing the efficiency of international logistics field. In the East Asia, the market is growing rapidly based on China and will be one of the major markets in the world in the near future. The leading business is altering from manufacturing to modern high-value production, which requires safety and importance of air cargo transport. For an international company, it is essential to insure infrastructure for global logistics management together with holding key point nations. Many countries in East Asia including Korea are consolidating or renewing their airports in order to follow the recent change in global market
96 The purpose of this report is to acknowledge the change by using DEA, and to analyze the efficiency in major airports of East Asia Airport Terminals, and to provide solutions in improving In-Chon International Airport. The 7 target airports are among the ones scoring 30 upper air cargo capacities among all airports, capable of collecting data. The varieties where first collected through advanced reports, and under these varieties we have chosen the final variety by questioning specialists. This report is not efficient for Airport Terminals that have smaller merit system, or anything opposite to it. On other hand, this report is efficient in Airport Terminals that have wide or efficient merit system. In-chon International Airport had difficulties in operating Cargo Terminals in the terms of November 2003, analyzed by BCC and showed efficiency in sub staining 36% of the cargos. DEA is an analization method showing relative efficiency. So for the Airports showing inefficiency should bench mark in order to increase the efficiency
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