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๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์ด ์ธ์‹๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค(Kang & Lee, 2001). ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ 1990 ๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ๋„ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์‹ ๋ถ€์ „ํ™˜์ž์˜ ํ˜ˆ์•กํˆฌ์„๊ฒฝํ—˜ (Shin, 1997), ์‹ ์žฅ์ด์‹ ์ฒดํ—˜(Lee, 1998) ๊ณผ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์งˆํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฐ•์ธ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ (Ko, 1999)๋“ฑ ๋งŒ์„ฑ์งˆํ™˜

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ํ•œ๊ตญ์ง์—…๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™ํšŒ์ง€์ œ21๊ถŒ์ œ2ํ˜ธ, 2012๋…„ 8์›” Korean J Occup Health Nurs Vol. 21 No. 2, 77-86, August 2011 ISSN 2287-2531 http://dx.doi.org/10.5807/kjohn.2012.21.2.77 ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ฐ•ํ˜œ์ธ 1 ๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ๋ฏผ 2 ์ด๊ฒฝํฌ 2 ๋ฐ€์–‘์ œ์ผ๋ณ‘์›๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ 1, ๊ณ„๋ช…๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์ˆ˜ 2 The Correlation between Nursing Professional Values and Job Satisfaction Depending on the Types of Visiting Nurses' Personality Park, Hae In 1 Park, Kyung Min 2 Lee, Kyung Hee 2 1 Nurse, Milyang Jeil Hospital, Milyang 2 Professor, College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify nursing professional values and job satisfaction depending on the types of personality in visiting nurses. Methods: Two hundred twenty six visiting nurses participated in this study. Data collection was conducted in 26 Public Health Centers in Korea. The Korean version of the Enneagram nursing professional values and job satisfaction was used to measure the nursing professional values and job satisfaction. Results: The most common personality is type 9, a center of the Instinctive Center where energy tends to stress outwards. There was a significant difference in nursing professional values depending on the type of personality. The type 1, 2 and type 9 had a significant difference by depending on the type of personality. There was but no difference in job satisfaction. There was a negative correlation between nursing professional values and job satisfaction by depending on the type of personality. The nurses with the type 9 and type 1 of personality showed a significant differences with the negative correlation between professional values and job satisfaction. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed the necessity of a self-understanding program to improve the working efficiency by increasing the professional values and job satisfaction of visiting nurses. Key Words: Personality types, Visiting nurses, Nursing professional values, Job satisfaction ์„œ๋ก  1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ํ•„์š”์„ฑ 21์„ธ๊ธฐ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€์‚ฌํšŒ, ๊ฒฝ์ œ, ๋ฌธํ™”, ์ •์น˜์˜์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด๋ณ€ํ™”์™€์ธ๊ตฌ์˜๋…ธ๋ นํ™”์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋ณด๊ฑด๋ณต์ง€์ •์ฑ…์ผํ™˜์œผ๋กœ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€๊ฑด๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์—…์ „๋‹ฌ์ฒด๊ณ„์†์—์„œ๋‚ ๋กœํ™•๋Œ€๋˜์–ด์งˆ์ , ์–‘์ ์ฑ…์ž„์„์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค (Choi, 2007; Hwang, 2003). 1999~2000 ๋…„๊ณต๊ณต๊ทผ๋กœ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—…์ด์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , 2007๋…„์ง€์—ญ๋ณด๊ฑด๋ฒ•์ด๊ฐœ์ •๋˜์–ด๋งž์ถคํ˜•๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์—…์ด์ง€์—ญ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ๋ฅผ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2010๋…„์ฑ„์šฉ๋œ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด์ธ๋ ฅ 2,700๋ช…์ค‘๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด 2,400๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€๋น„์œจ์„์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  (Ministry of Health and Welfare [MHW], 2009) ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”๋งค๋…„ 1์ธ๋‹นํ‰๊ท  ์ฃผ์š”์–ด : ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ฑํ–ฅ, ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ Corresponding author: Park, Kyung Min College of Nursing, Keimyung University, 2800, Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Korea. Tel: +82-53-580-3925, Fax: +82-53-580-3916, E-mail: kmp@kmu.ac.kr ํˆฌ๊ณ ์ผ 2012๋…„ 4์›” 27์ผ / ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์˜๋ขฐ์ผ 2012๋…„ 4์›” 28์ผ / ๊ฒŒ์žฌํ™•์ •์ผ 2012๋…„ 6์›” 8์ผ c 2012 Korean Academic Society of Occupational Health Nursing http://www.ksohn.or.kr

๋ฐ•ํ˜œ์ธ ๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ๋ฏผ ์ด๊ฒฝํฌ 450~550๊ฐ€๊ตฌ์ด์ƒ์˜๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ์ƒ์• ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ณ„์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ด€๋ฆฌ, ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„์„์œ„ํ•œ๋งž์ถคํ˜•๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค (MHW, 2010). ๋งž์ถคํ˜•๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ œ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋กœ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ, ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ, ์˜์–‘์‚ฌ, ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€์‚ฌ, ์šด๋™์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋“ฑ์˜์ „๋‹ด์ธ๋ ฅ์ด์ฑ„์šฉ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค. Ryu (2003) ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค 4๋ฐฐ์ •๋„์›”๋“ฑํžˆ๋†’์€๊ฐ€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์‹ค์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœํ™œ์šฉํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”์กฐ๋ ฅ๋„๊ตฌ๋Š”์ž๊ธฐ์ž์‹ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌํŠน์œ ์˜์ธ์„ฑ์ฆ‰์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์—…๋ฌด์™€๋งค์šฐ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค (Kim et al, 2005). ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์ง€๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜๊ทธํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ์ „์—๋จผ์ €, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์ž์‹ ์˜์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ์ž์‹ ์˜์‚ถ์„๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ์˜์œ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์ •์‹ ์ ์„ฑ์ˆ™์˜์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š” (Jung & Lee, 2008) ๊ฒƒ์ดํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ์š”๊ตฌ์—๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๊ฐ€์ž์‹ ์˜์ง์—…์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์ด๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉดํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์—ญํ• ์„์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์—…์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜๋ฐœ์ „์„๊พ€ํ• ์ˆ˜์—†๊ณ  (Koh, & Jung 2004), ๋˜ํ•œ์กฐ์ง๋‚ด๋ถ€์™€์กฐ์ง๊ฐ„๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ฐœ์ธ๊ฐ์ž์˜๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ๊ณผ์—…๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ณผ๋“ฑ์—๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋„์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์˜ํ–ฅ์„๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค (Lee, 2006). ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ์—…๋ฌด์˜์ƒํ™ฉ์ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์—๋”ฐ๋ผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค (Wexiey & Yukl. 1984) ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„๋ฐํ˜€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์ฒด๊ณ„ํ™”๋œ๊ฒฌํ•ด์™€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ™œ๋™๋ฐ์ง์—…์˜์‹์ ํ–‰๋™ (Shank & Weis, 2000) ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ๋•๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€์‹๊ณผ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๋˜ํ•œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€์ž์‹ ์˜์ผ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฐ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ (Kang, 2002., Lim, 2005) ์„ํ†ตํ•ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์ดํ™•๊ณ ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€์ž๊ธฐ๋ฅผ์˜์‹ํ•˜์ง€๋ชปํ•œ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ์ž์‹ ์˜๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœํˆฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œํˆฌ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ •์€๊ฐœ์ธ์˜์ž๊ธฐ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€๋ถ€์กฑํ• ์ˆ˜๋กํ˜„์‹ค์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์ฐฉ๊ฐ์„์ผ์œผ์ผœ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”์ž์‹ ์„์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ํƒ€์ธ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์ดํ•ด์˜ํญ์„๋„“ํ˜€๋งˆ์Œ์˜์—ฌ์œ ๋ฅผ์ฐพ๊ณ ํ˜„์‹ค์—์ž˜๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋˜๋ฉด๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š”์ž์‹ ์˜ํˆฌ์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ •์„๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ๋˜๋Š”๋งŒํผ์ž๊ธฐ์˜์‚ถ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ์ฑ…์ž„์„๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š”๋ฐ์ข€๋”์ž์œ ๋กœ์›Œ์งˆ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค (Ha, 2004). ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๊ฐ„์˜์›ํ™œํ•œ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ ๊ด€๊ณ„ํ˜•์„ฑ์€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์—์žˆ์–ดํ•„์—ฐ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ๊ฐ–๊ณ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์™€์˜์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‹ญ์„ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์œ„์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ (Cha, Yang, & Yang, 2004) ํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋„๊ตฌ์ธ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์„์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜์—ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌธ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์˜๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์„๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š”๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ๋Š” MBTI ๋ฐ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ๋“ฑ์ด์žˆ๋‹ค. MBTI๋Š”์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๊ตฌ๋ถ„์—๋Š”์œ ์˜ํ•œ๋„๊ตฌ (Kim, Sim, 1995) ์ด๋ฉฐ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ๊ฐ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ์ž์‹ ์˜์ดํ•ด์™€์„ฑ์ฐฐ์„๋•๊ณ ์žํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋Š”์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์„ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค (Jung & Lee, 2008). 1990๋…„์ดˆ๋ฐ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์ด์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ๊ต์œกํ•™, ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™, ์‹ ํ•™, ๊ฒฝ์˜ํ•™, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ•™๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๊ณ ์ง๋ฌดํƒœ๋„์—์˜ํ–ฅ์„๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ฃผ์š”๋ณ€์ธ์ธ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด๋„๋ฆฌํ™œ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์˜ค๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค (Yoon, 2003). ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์„๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœํ•œ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€์‚ฌ์˜์—ฐ๊ณ„๋ฐ์žฅ์• ์š”์ธ (Ryu, 2003) ๊ณผ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ๊ณต๊ณต๊ทผ๋กœ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—…ํ‰๊ฐ€ (Koh et al., 2002) ๊ฐ€์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฝ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ์ˆ˜์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์—๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์„์ดํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์ ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์„ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์„ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์„ํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์„ค๊ณ„๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ์„œ์ˆ ์ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. 78 Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing

๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ „๊ตญ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ธ๋ ฅ์•ฝ2400๋ช…์ค‘๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ์†Œ์žฌ 16 ๊ฐœ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ์™€๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋‚จ๋„์†Œ์žฌ 20๊ฐœ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์„ ์ž„์ธ๋ ฅ์—๊ฒŒ์ „ํ™”๋กœ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜๋ชฉ์ ์„์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ 8๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ์™€๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋‚จ๋„ 18๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ํ—ˆ๋ฝ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ์†Œ์žฌ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ 100๋ช…๊ณผ, ๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋‚จ๋„์†Œ์žฌ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ 130๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์ด 230๋ถ€์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹ํ™”๋œ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ๋ฐฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜์—ฌ 230๋ถ€์ „์›ํšŒ์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ์‘๋‹ต์ง€ 4๋ถ€์ œ์™ธํ•œ 226๋ถ€์—๋Œ€ํ•ด์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋„๊ตฌ 1) ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ์น ๋ ˆ์•„๋ฆฌ์นด์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์—์„œ 1960๋…„๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด 1975๋…„ Riso์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์˜ํ•œ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผํ†ตํ•ด์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ์ •์˜์™€์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์ˆ˜์ค€. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜์—ญ๋™์„ฑ๊ณผ์˜ˆ์–ธ์„ฑ, ์ •์‹ ์˜ํ•™์ ์ง„๋‹จ DSM-IV(TR) ๋ฐ MBTI ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ์˜์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ, ์ž์‹ ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผํ†ตํ•ด์ž๊ธฐ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ 1998๋…„ํ•œ๊ตญ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจํ•™ํšŒ๊ฐ€์ฐฝ๊ฐ„๋˜๋ฉด์„œ Yoon (2001) ์ดํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”ํ•œํ•œ๊ตญํ˜•์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ง€์ด๋‹ค. ์ƒ์กด์„์œ„ํ•œ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ์ž๊ทน์—๋Œ€ํ•ด๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š”์ธ๊ฐ„์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜๊ทผ๊ฐ„์„์žฅ ( ๋ณธ๋Šฅ ), ๊ฐ€์Šด ( ๊ฐ์ • ). ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ( ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ) ์˜์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์ค‘์‹ฌ 3์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผํ‡ด๋ณด๋ฅผ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ์ž๊ธฐํ™•์‹ ์ด์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผํ†ตํ•ฉ์ด๋ผํ•˜๋ฉฐ๋ณ‘์ ์ด๊ณ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ฆ์ธ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ๋ถ„์—ด๋กœํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜์—ญ๋™์„ฑ์„์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—์„œ 1-7-5-8-2-4-1, 9-3-6-9์˜๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ์ง„ํ–‰์‹œํ†ตํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ์—ญ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ์ง„ํ–‰์‹œ๋ถ„์—ด์ด๋ผ๋ช…๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์„๊ฐ๊ฐ 9๊ฐœ๋ฌธํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ์ด81๊ฐœ์˜๋ฌธํ•ญ์„, 5์ ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ง€๋‹ค. Yoon (2001) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” Cronbach's =.90, ์žฌ๊ฒ€์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š”.89, Riso (1999) ์™€์˜๋™์‹œํƒ€๋‹น๋„๋Š”.82 ์˜€๊ณ ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์˜์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” Cronbach's =.89๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 2) ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Yoon ๋“ฑ (2005) ์ด๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ Kim (2008) ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ 5์ ์ฒ™๋„ 18๋ฌธํ•ญ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋„๊ตฌ๋Š”์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ž์•„๊ฐœ๋… (6๋ฌธํ•ญ), ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ์‹ (5๋ฌธํ•ญ), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ (3๋ฌธํ•ญ), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๊ณ„์˜์—ญํ•  (2๋ฌธํ•ญ), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜๋…์ž์„ฑ (2๋ฌธํ•ญ) ์˜ํ•˜์œ„์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ๋‹ค. Likert 5์ ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ, ํ•ญ์ƒ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋Š๋‚€ ๋‹ค (5์ ), ํ•ญ์ƒ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋Š๋ผ์ง€์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค (1์ ) ๋กœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์ด๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” Kim (2008) ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” Cronbach's =.94์ด๊ณ ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์˜์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ Cronbach's =.82๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 3) ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์ธก์ •๋„๊ตฌ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” Paula (1978) ๋“ฑ์ด๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ธ๋ ฅ์„์œ„ํ•ด๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ 43๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ Heo์ด๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•œ 24๋ฌธํ•ญ์„ Han (1987) ๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•œ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ 24๋ฌธํ•ญ 5์ ์ฒ™๋„์˜๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋„๊ตฌ๋Š”๋ด‰๊ธ‰์—๊ด€ํ•œ (2๋ฌธํ•ญ), ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์—๊ด€ํ•œ (2๋ฌธํ•ญ ), ์—…๋ฌด์š”๊ตฌ์—๊ด€ํ•œ (5๋ฌธํ•ญ), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์˜์‚ฌ์™€์˜๊ด€๊ณ„์—๊ด€ํ•œ (3๋ฌธํ•ญ), ์ž์œจ์„ฑ์—๊ด€ํ•œ (4๋ฌธํ•ญ), ํ–‰์ •์—๊ด€ํ•œ (3๋ฌธํ•ญ), ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์œ„์น˜์—๊ด€ํ•œ (5๋ฌธํ•ญ) ์œผ๋กœ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. Likert 5์ ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ, ํ•ญ์ƒ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค (5์ ), ํ•ญ์ƒ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ๋Š๋ผ์ง€์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค (1์ ), ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ๋ฌธํ•ญ์—ญ์ฝ”๋”ฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€๋†’์„์ˆ˜๋ก์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋„๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Paula (1978) ์ด์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ Cronbach's =.91์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , Han ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ Cronbach's=.81์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , Chu (2001) ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„ Cronbach's =.72์ด๊ณ ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์˜์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๋Š” Cronbach's =.71๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. 4. ์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ 2010๋…„ 7์›” 1์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 7์›” 9์ผ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ์™€๊ฒฝ์ƒ๋‚จ๋„๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด์„ ์ž„๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ์ „ํ™”๋กœ์‚ฌ์ „์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ํ•˜์—ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์ ์„์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ๋™์˜๋ฅผ๊ตฌํ•œํ›„ 2010๋…„ 7์›” 19์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 7์›” 23์ผ๊นŒ์ง€์ž๋ฃŒ์ˆ˜์ง‘์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ „๋™์˜ํ•œ๋ถ€์‚ฐ๊ณผ๊ฒฝ๋‚จ์ง€์—ญ์†Œ์žฌ 26๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ์— 230๋ถ€๋ฅผ์šฐํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋ฐฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ€์‹œํšŒ์ˆ˜์šฉ๋ด‰ํˆฌ, ์‚ฌ์€ํ’ˆ๋ฐ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์œค๋ฆฌ์ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์ ๋ฐ๋‚ด์šฉ, ์–ธ์ œ๋ผ๋„์„ค๋ฌธ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์‘๋‹ต์„๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ์‘๋‹ต๋‚ด์šฉ์€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด์™ธ์˜๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€์•Š์Œ์„์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ์šฉ์ง€์™€์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ฐธ์—ฌ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์„œ๋ฉด๋™์˜์„œ๋„ํ•จ๊ป˜๋™๋ด‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋Š”ํ•œ๊ตญ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจํ•™ํšŒ์—์„œ์ผ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ•์‚ฌ์ž๊ฒฉ์„์ทจ๋“ํ›„ 4๋‹จ๊ณ„์ „๋ฌธ๊ต์œก๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ์ด์ˆ˜ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจํ•™ํšŒ์—๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ง€์‚ฌ์šฉ์—๋Œ€ํ•œํ—ˆ๋ฝ์„๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์—๊ฒŒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผํ†ต๋ณดํ• ๊ณ„ํš์ž„์„์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ ๋ฉ”์ผ๋กœ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธฐ์žฌ๋ˆ„๋ฝ, ๋ถ€์‹ค์ž๋ฃŒ 4๋ถ€๋ฅผ์ œ์™ธํ•œ์ด 226๋ถ€์„๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 5. ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์„์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ํŠน์„ฑ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ํž˜์˜์ค‘ Vol. 21 No. 2, 2012 79

๋ฐ•ํ˜œ์ธ ๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ๋ฏผ ์ด๊ฒฝํฌ ์‹ฌ๊ณผ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜๋ถ„ํฌ์ •๋„์™€, ์—ญ๋™์„ฑ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์ธํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋ถ„์—ด์ •๋„๋Š”๋นˆ๋„์™€๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๋กœ, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š”ํ‰๊ท ๊ณผํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋กœ, ์„ฑํ˜•์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ANOVA๋กœ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ํž˜์˜์ค‘์‹ฌ, ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด Pearson's correlation coefficient๋กœ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ํŠน์„ฑ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”์—ฐ๋ น, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์ƒํƒœ, ์ข…๊ต, ํ•™๋ ฅ, ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ, ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ, ์ด์ง๊ณ„ํš๋“ฑ์„์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ํŠน์„ฑ์€, ํ‰๊ท ์—ฐ๋ น์€ 40.3์„ธ๋ฉฐ, 40~ 49์„ธ๊ฐ€ 42.0% ๋กœ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์ด 83.6% ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ „๋ฌธํ•™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 81.4% ๋ฅผ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ทผ๋ฌด๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์€ 1~5๋…„์ด 41.1% ์˜€๊ณ , ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์€ 13~36๊ฐœ์›”์ด 53.5% ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด์ง๊ณ„ํš์€ ์—†๋‹ค ๊ฐ€ 52.4%, ๋ฌด์‘๋‹ต์ž 24% ์ด๋‹ค (Table 1). Table 1. General Characteristics (N=226) Characteristics Categories n (%) Age (year) (M±SD: 40.3±8.2) (Min~Max: 23~57) Marital status 20~29 30~39 40~49 50~59 Single Married Level of education Three-year college Four-year college Medical institution career (year) Health care visit career (month) Change jobs plans to change jobs <1 1~ 5 6~ 10 11~ 15 16 12 13~ 36 37 Yes No Not sure 30(13.3) 67(29.6) 95(42.1) 34(15.0) 37(16.4) 188 (83.6) 184 (81.4) 42(18.6) 20 (8.9) 92(41.1) 67(29.9) 30(13.4) 15 (6.7) 41(18.1) 121 (53.5) 64(28.4) 53(23.5) 118 (52.2) 55(24.3) 2. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ถ„ํฌ 40.6%, ๋ถ„์—ด 50.4% ์˜๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค (Table 2). ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž 34.8%, 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€ 25.0%, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž 24.6%, ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ 63.0%, ๊ฐ€์Šด์ค‘์‹ฌ 28.4%, ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ 8.4% ๋กœ์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜์—ญ์ด๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜์—ญ๋™์ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€ํ†ตํ•ฉ 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์€ํ‰๊ท ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋Š” 3.54±0.45 ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ณดํ†ต์ด์ƒ์˜์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜์œ„์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์ „๋ฌธ์ง์ž์•„๊ฐœ๋… 3.89±0.53, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๊ณ„์˜์—ญํ•  3.78±0.60, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ 3.68 Table 2. Participants' Personality Types of Three Centers of Intelligence, Stability and Stress Variables Personality type Name Center Instinct Type 1 Type 8 Type 9 Center Feeling Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Center Thinking Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 Reformer Leader Arbitrator Assistant Achiever Artist Thinker Faithfulness Optimist Stability Stress Stability & stress Total n(%) n(%) n(%) n(%) 24 (10.7) 3(1.3) 22 (9.8) 49 (21.9) 30 (13.4) 1(0.4) 4(1.8) 35 (15.6) 3(1.3) 7(3.1) 27(12.1) 51(22.8) 80(35.7) 21(9.4) 3(1.3) 26(11.6) 5(2.2) 0(0.0) 7(3.1) 5(2.2) 1(0.4) 5(2.2) 11 (4.9) 4(1.8) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 4(1.8) 0(0.0) 3(1.3) 5(2.2) (N=224) 56(25.0) 6(2.7) 78(34.8) 140 (62.5) 55(24.6) 4(1.8) 6(2.7) 65(29.0) 7(3.1) 6(2.7) 6(2.7) 19(8.5) Total 91 (40.6) 113 (50.4) 20 (8.9) 224 (100.0) 80 Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing

๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ±0.62, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜๋…์ž์„ฑ 3.54±0.72, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ์‹ 2.94±0.68, ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค (Table 3). ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š”ํ‰๊ท ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ๋Š” 2.99±0.30 ์œผ๋กœ๋ณดํ†ต์ดํ•˜์˜์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜์œ„์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ 2.50± 0.68, ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์œ„์น˜ 2.76±0.48, ๋ด‰๊ธ‰๋ฌธํ•ญ 2.97±0.35, ์—…๋ฌด์˜์š”๊ตฌ 3.00±0.34, ์ž์œจ์„ฑ์—๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ 3.07±0.52, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์˜์‚ฌ์™€์˜๊ด€๊ณ„ 3.12±0.72, ํ–‰์ •์—๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ 3.45±0.58 ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค (Table 3). Table 3. Nursing Professional Values and Job Satisfaction (N=226) Nursing professional values M±SD Specialized self-conception Social recognition Nursing's specialty Role of nursing social Nursing's identity Total Pay questions on income Interaction Task demand Nurse-doctor relation Regarding autonomy Regarding administration Specialized position Total 3.89±0.53 2.94±0.68 3.68±0.62 3.78±0.60 3.54±0.72 3.54±0.45 2.97±0.35 2.50±0.68 3.00±0.34 3.12±0.72 3.07±0.52 3.45±0.58 2.76±0.48 2.99±0.30 4. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์˜๊ด€๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์—์„œ 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž (F=3.69) ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์„๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€ํ•˜๋ถ€์˜์—ญ๋ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”์ž์•„๊ฐœ๋…์˜์—ญ 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž (F=4.08), ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ์‹์˜์—ญ 4์œ ํ˜•์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€ (F=3.27), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์„ฑ์˜์—ญ 5์œ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์ƒ‰๊ฐ€ (F=3.81), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๊ณ„์˜์—ญํ• ์˜์—ญ 2 ์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ๊ฐ€ (F=3.88), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์˜๋…์ž์„ฑ์˜์—ญ 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ๊ฐ€ (F=3.76) ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋†’์€ํ‰๊ท ์„๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„์˜๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„์‚ฌํ›„๊ฒ€์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์˜์ฐจ์ด์—์„œํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  (F=3.77, p=.025), 2 ์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž๊ฐ€๋†’์€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์„๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค (Table 4). ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” 3์œ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ทจ์ž ((F=3.15) ๊ฐ€์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ํ•˜๋ถ€์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๋ด‰๊ธ‰๋ฌธํ•ญ์˜์—ญ 8์œ ํ˜•์ง€๋„์ž (F=3.171), ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜์—ญ 8์œ ํ˜•์ง€๋„์ž (F=2.75), ์—…๋ฌด์š”๊ตฌ ๋„์˜์—ญ 6์œ ํ˜•์ถฉ์„ฑ๊ฐ€ (F=3.17), ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์˜์‚ฌ์™€์˜๊ด€๊ณ„์˜์—ญ 6์œ ํ˜•์ถฉ์„ฑ๊ฐ€ (F=3.61), ์ž์œจ์„ฑ์˜์—ญ 3์œ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ€ (F=3.44), ํ–‰์ •์˜์—ญ 3์œ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ€, 5์œ ํ˜•์‚ฌ์ƒ‰๊ฐ€ (F=3.67), ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์œ„์น˜์˜์—ญ 3์œ ํ˜•์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ€ (F=2.90) ๊ฐ€๋†’์€ํ‰๊ท ์„๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค (Table 4). ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋ถ„์„์‚ฌํ›„๊ฒ€์ •๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š”์œ ์˜ํ•œ์ฐจ์ด (F=0.93, p=.398) ๊ฐ€์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๋†’์€์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค (Table 4). 5. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  (r=-.22, p=.001). ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์ค‘๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ธ 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด, 1์œ ํ˜•์€ (r=-.38, p =.004), 9์œ ํ˜•์€ (r=-.38, p=.001) ๋กœํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž์—์„œ์˜์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€์•Š์•˜๋‹ค (Table 5). ํž˜์˜์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ณ„์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ (8์œ ํ˜•์ง€๋„์ž, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž, 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€ ) ์ดํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค (r=-0.24, p=.005). ๊ฐ€์Šด์ค‘์‹ฌ๊ณผ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ๋Š”์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€์•Š์•˜๋‹ค (Table 5). ๋…ผ์˜๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜๋ถ„ํฌ์™€, ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ฐจ์ด์™€์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋ถ„ํฌ์—์„œ 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž, 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ํž˜์˜์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด 62.5% ๋กœ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค, Lee (2007), Lee (2002), Joo (2002) ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ๋Œ€ํ•™์ƒ์„๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœํ•œ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ถ„ํฌ์™€์œ ์˜ํ•œ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, Yang, Yang, Cha (2004) ์˜์ข…ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์›์—๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 6์œ ํ˜•์ถฉ์„ฑ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ, ๊ฐ€์Šด์ค‘์‹ฌ, ์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”์น˜๋ฃŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ํ•˜๋Š”์™ธ๊ณผ๋ณ‘๋™๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€๋ณด๊ฑด์œ„์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์—…๋ฌด๊ฐ„์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์˜์ฐจ Vol. 21 No. 2, 2012 81

๋ฐ•ํ˜œ์ธ ๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ๋ฏผ ์ด๊ฒฝํฌ Table 4. Nursing Professional Values and Personality Type, the Relationship between Job Satisfaction (N=224) Characteristics Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 Type 8 Type 9 1 Reformer 2 Assistant 3 Achiever 4 Artist 5 Thinker 6 Faithfulness 7 Optimist 8 Leader 9 Arbitrator Specialized job self-conception 3.93±0.44 4.08±0.47 4.03±0.41 3.72±0.89 3.95±0.31 3.58±1.13 3.83±0.37 3.35±1.15 3.82±0.46 Social recognition 2.98±0.65 3.09±0.71 3.05±0.98 3.27±0.89 2.74±0.74 2.90±1.15 2.90±0.65 2.23±0.72 2.89±0.58 Nursing's specialty 3.71±0.58 3.77±0.59 3.75±0.50 3.61±0.77 3.81±0.18 3.78±0.75 3.78±0.46 3.06±0.93 3.63±0.66 Role of nursing social 3.86±0.46 3.88±0.57 3.75±0.50 3.25±0.61 3.79±0.27 3.67±0.88 3.58±0.66 3.33±1.17 3.79±0.62 Nursing's identity 3.52±0.61 3.76±0.72 2.88±0.63 3.25±0.82 3.43±0.35 3.33±0.98 3.33±0.75 3.42±0.92 3.53±0.76 Specialized values (all) 3.58±0.38 3.69±0.44 3.53±0.30 3.47±0.62 3.51±0.24 3.41±0.84 3.48±0.48 2.99±0.75 3.49±0.41 Pay questions on income 2.92±0.39 2.98±0.33 2.88±0.25 3.10±0.22 3.07±0.19 2.83±0.26 3.00±0.45 3.17±0.26 2.97±0.37 Interaction 2.54±0.77 2.48±0.80 2.63±0.25 2.90±0.65 2.71±0.64 2.67±0.26 2.58±0.58 2.75±0.52 2.41±0.58 Task demand 3.07±0.32 2.94±0.33 3.00±0.16 3.00±0.57 2.89±0.16 3.17±0.23 2.93±0.33 2.67±0.58 3.02±0.34 Nurse-doctor relation 3.15±0.75 3.00±0.73 3.42±0.42 3.07±0.49 3.19±0.88 3.61±0.77 3.22±0.91 3.33±0.79 3.10±0.70 Regarding autonomy 3.07±0.56 3.06±0.53 3.44±0.69 3.10±0.38 3.36±0.32 3.33±0.56 3.00±0.50 3.08±0.41 3.05±0.50 Regarding administration 3.52±0.61 3.35±0.68 3.67±0.27 3.47±0.18 3.67±0.54 3.61±0.61 3.56±0.50 3.33±0.47 3.42±0.54 Specialized position 2.71±0.47 2.70±0.51 2.90±0.42 2.80±0.20 2.66±0.34 3.07±0.48 2.63±0.29 2.50±0.58 2.84±0.49 Job satisfaction (all) 3.01±0.31 2.93±0.33 3.15±0.10 3.04±0.23 3.05±0.24 3.22±0.33 2.97±0.29 2.92±0.31 2.99±0.28 Groups of 30 or more: the personality type and nursing professional value to compared F=3.77, p=.025, b>c by Duncan ( a: type 1, b: type 2, c: type 9). Groups of 30 or more: the personality type and job satisfaction compared F=0.93, p=.393. 82 Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing

๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ Table 5. Participants' Personality Types and Nursing Professional Values the Relationship between Job Satisfaction Correlation (N=224) Center of forces Type Name Center instinct Type 1 Type 8 Type 9 Center feeling Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Center thinking Type 5 Type 6 Type 7 Reformer Leader Arbitrator Assistant Achiever Artist Thinker Faithfulness Optimist Specialized values/job satisfaction figure r -.38.61 -.38 -.24 -.24.77.08 -.20 -.60.28 -.86 -.15 p.004.200.001.005.085.233.903.121.158.598.028.542 Total -.22.001 ์ด์ธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉฐํ–ฅํ›„์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ํž˜์˜์ค‘์‹ฌ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด๋งŽ์€๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€์—…๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰์ด์ง์ ‘๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ œ๊ณต์ด๋ฏ€๋กœํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ๋ฐ”๋กœ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋Š”ํŠน์„ฑ (Joo, 2002) ๊ณผ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ (5์œ ํ˜•, 6์œ ํ˜•, 7์œ ํ˜• ) ์ธ์ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๊ณ ํŒ๋‹จ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ์š”ํ•˜๋Š”์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์ด๋‚ฎ์€๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š”, ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์‚ฌ์—…์˜์ค‘์ถ”์ ์ธ์—ญํ• ์„๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์—…๋ฌด์˜ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ์„์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ๊ณ„ํš์„์„ธ์›Œ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์ „๋žต์„์„ธ์šฐ๋Š”๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์˜ํ‰๊ท ํ‰์ ์€ 3.54± 0.45์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ณดํ†ต์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์ด๋Š” Yang ๋“ฑ (2004), Chu (2001), Koh์™€ Jung (2004) ์˜์ž„์ƒ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—ํ‰๊ท ํ‰์ ์€ 2.99± 0.30์œผ๋กœ๋ณดํ†ต์ดํ•˜์˜๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ ํ•˜๋ถ€์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋‚ฎ์€์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ณ‘์›๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ Yang ๋“ฑ (2004) ์€ 3.55, Chu (2001) ๋Š” 3.28, Koh ๋“ฑ (2004) ์€ 2.74, ๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์ž„์ƒ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœํ•œ Sung (2001) ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”๋ณด๊ฑด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์ž„์ƒ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์ด๋†’๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„ํ•˜๋ถ€์˜์—ญ๋ณ„์‚ฌํšŒ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ์˜๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž (F=2.41) ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋‚ฎ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์˜์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” 4์œ ํ˜•์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€ (F=2.90) ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์žˆ์–ด์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ธํ†ต์ œ, ํž˜๊ณผ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„์ค‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” 8์œ ํ˜•์ง€๋„์ž (F=2.92) ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋‚ฎ์€์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‘๋ ค์›€์œผ๋กœ์ž์‹ ์„๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œํž˜, ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”ํŠน์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž์‹ ์˜ํž˜์„๋ฐœํœ˜ํ• ์—ฌ๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š”์„ฑํ–ฅ์„๊ฐ€์ง„ 8์œ ํ˜•์ง€๋„์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋‚ฎ์€์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์„๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€์ž์‹ ์˜์—…๋ฌด์—๋Šฅ๋™์ ์ด์ง€๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์—์„œ 30๋ช…์ด์ƒ์˜๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ธ 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์—์„œ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ  2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž๊ฐ€๋†’์€ํ‰๊ท ์„๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Joo (2002), Kim ๋“ฑ (2005), Yang ๋“ฑ (2004) ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ธ๋ณ‘์›๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ๊ฐ€, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„์—๋Š”์œ ์˜ํ•œ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด์ง€์•Š์•˜์œผ๋‚˜, 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€ํ‰๊ท ์„๋ณด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ Yang ๋“ฑ (2004), Joo (2002), Kim ๋“ฑ (2005) ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉํŠน์„ฑ์„๋ณด๋ฉด์œค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋„๋•๊ทœ๋ฒ”์„์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ์ƒํ™ฉ์„๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š”์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์„๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์ด๋†’์€๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ Vol. 21 No. 2, 2012 83

๋ฐ•ํ˜œ์ธ ๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ๋ฏผ ์ด๊ฒฝํฌ ์ž๊ฐ„์˜์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด๋ฉด 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์„๋ณด์˜€๊ณ , ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€์žฅ๋†’์€๋งŒ์กฑ์„๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์ „์ฒด์—์„œํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์ค‘๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ธ 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€์™€ 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž์—์„œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌธ๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. Koh (2004), Lee (2002), Shin (2009) ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”์ž„์ƒ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜์ „๋ฌธ์ง์—…์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ณด์ˆ˜, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์งํƒœ๋„, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์—…๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ณผ์˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—๊ด€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์–‘์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Kim (1993) ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์ •๊ทœ์ง๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์—๊ด€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ด๋‚ฎ๊ณ ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์ด๋†’์€๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์€๋†’์œผ๋‚˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€๋‚ฎ์€์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์—ฌ๋ณ‘์›์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์—ญํ• ๊ณผ์กฐ์ง์˜๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ฐจ์ด์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ–ฅํ›„ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œํž˜์˜์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ๋Š”์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ดํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ œ๊ณต์—์žˆ์–ด๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์‚ฌ์—…์˜ํŠน์„ฑ์€๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ฆ์ง„๋ฐ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ 1์ฐจ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์—…์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ณ‘์›์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์€์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœํ•˜๋Š” 2์ฐจ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์œผ๋กœ์—…๋ฌดํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์€์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ณ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผํƒ€์ธ์ด์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ํ˜ธ์ „์„์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š”์„ฑํ–ฅ์„๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ๊ธธ์„๊ฑท๊ณ , ๋งค์‚ฌ์—์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ•๋ฐ•์ ์ธํ–‰๋™ (Ha, 2004; Yoon, 2004) ์ด์ง„์ •ํ•œ์ž์‹ ์˜๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š”์ž๊ธฐ์‹ ๋…์„๊ฐ€์ง„ํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ, ์˜๋ฃŒ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์˜๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ง„์ •ํ•œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธํ–‰์œ„๋ผ๊ณ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์—ฌ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€๋‚ฎ์€์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ๊ฐ€์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์€์ž์‹ ์˜์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ์ค‘์š”์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ •์ด๋งŽ๊ณ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์—๋น ์ง„์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„์›€์„์ฃผ๊ณ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„์›€์„์ฃผ๋Š”์ผ์€๋งˆ๋‹คํ•˜์ง€์•Š์•„์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค (Ha, 2004,; Yoon, 2004) ๋Š”์ž๊ธฐ์‹ ๋…์ด์ž์‹ ์˜์ง„์ •ํ•œ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ๋ณด๋Š”์„ฑ๊ฒฉํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ์˜๋ฃŒ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต์˜๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ œ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ผ๋Š”์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ์„๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์€ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ์ข‹์€์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜๋‚˜์œ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ํ‰ํ™”๋ฅผ์œ„ํ•œ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œํ–‰๋™์„์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ๋™ํ™” ๋˜๋ฉฐ๊ฐ•ํ•œ์ธ๋‚ด์‹ฌ๊ณผ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜๊ณ ๋ฏผ์„์ž˜๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋ฉฐ์•ˆ์ •๊ฐ๊ณผ์กฐํ™”๊ฐ€์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”์ž๊ธฐ์‹ ๋…์—๊ณ ์ฐฉ๋˜์–ด์ž์‹ ์˜์ง„์ •ํ•œ๋ชจ์Šต์ด๋ผ๋ฏฟ๋Š” (Ha, 2004,; Yoon, 2004). ์„ฑ๊ฒฉํŠน์„ฑ์ƒ, ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์ด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž๊ธฐ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด๊ฐ•ํ•œ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ œ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ผ๋Š”์‹ ๋ถ„์ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ์ธํ•ด์—…๋ฌด์˜๊ถŒํ•œ์ด์ˆ˜๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€๋‚ฎ์€์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€ํ˜•๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”์ž์‹ ์˜์ผ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฐฉ์‹์—๋Œ€ํ•ด๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ์ข‹๊ณ ์‹ซ์Œ์—์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ์ด์ „์—๋จผ์ €์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ์ทจํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ (Yoon, 2003) ์œผ๋กœ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์žํ˜•๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”ํƒ€์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๊ณ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐํ—Œ์‹ ์ ์ธ์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฐ›๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ์ž์‹ ์˜๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ์ผ์—์—ด์ค‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ณด๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š”์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœํ†ตํ•ฉ์ ์ธ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ (Yoon, 2003) ์œผ๋กœ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์žํ˜•๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š”์ƒ๋ƒฅํ•˜๊ณ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ์ž˜์ง€๋‚ผ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ์ •์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ๊ฒƒ์„์ž˜๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์ด์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐํƒ€์ธ์˜๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ์ž˜๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š”์‚ฌ๊ณ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜์—ฌํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜• (Yoon, 2003) ์„๊ฐ€์งˆ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋„๋ก์ž๊ธฐ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ์›Œํฌ์‚ฝ์„ํ†ตํ•œ์ž๊ธฐ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์—…์˜์ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœํ™œ๋™ํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€์˜๋ฃŒ์ทจ์•ฝ๊ณ„์ธต๋ฟ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์ „์ฒด์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜์‹ ์ฒด์ ์ •์‹ ์ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„์œ„ํ•ด์•ž์žฅ์„œ๋Š”๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜๋Œ€๋ณ€์ž์ด๋ฉฐ์˜นํ˜ธ์ž๋กœ์„œ์˜์—ญํ• ์„์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ์—…๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํ–‰์—์žˆ์–ด์„œ์ง„์ •ํ•œ์ž์‹ ์˜๋ชจ์Šต์„์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ ํƒ€์ธ์„์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ€๋†’์•„์งˆ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์ž๊ธฐ์ดํ•ดํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์›Œํฌ์ˆ๊ต์œก์˜ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„์ œ์–ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋ฅผ์œ„ํ•œ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ง‘๋‹จ๊ฐ„์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ๋ฐ์ œ์–ธ๋ณธ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”๋ณด๊ฑด์†Œ 26๊ฐœ์†Œ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ 226๋ช…์„๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š”์„œ์ˆ ์ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๋‹ค. Yoon (2001) ์˜ 84 Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing

๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๊ฐ„์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„ ํ•œ๊ตญํ˜•์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋„๊ตฌ์™€, ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์€ Yoon, Kwon, Ahn (2005) ์ด๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ Kim (2008) ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ • ๋ณด์™„ํ•œ๋„๊ตฌ์™€, ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š” Paula (1978) ์ด๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ Han (1987) ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜์ •ํ•œ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž 34.8%, 1 ์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€ 25.0%, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž 24.6% ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ํž˜์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ„์„์—์„œ๋Š”์žฅ์ค‘์‹ฌ 63.0%, ๊ฐ€์Šด์ค‘์‹ฌ 28.4%, ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ค‘์‹ฌ 8.4% ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€๋ถ„์—ด์ดํ†ตํ•ฉ๋ณด๋‹ค๋”๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ง๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์€๋†’์€์ˆ˜์ค€์ด๋‚˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋Š”๋‹ค์†Œ๋‚ฎ์€์ˆ˜์ค€์„๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์„œ๊ฐ€์žฅ๋งŽ์€๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ๋ณด์ด๋Š” 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€, 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ๊ฐ€, 9์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€์€ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„์—์„œ๋Š”ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€์—†๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—์„œ, 1์œ ํ˜•๊ฐœํ˜๊ฐ€์™€ 9 ์œ ํ˜•์ค‘์žฌ์ž๊ฐ„์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ„์€ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ์œ ์˜ํ•œ์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ 2์œ ํ˜•์กฐ๋ ฅ์ž์—์„œ๋Š”์œ ์˜ํ•˜์ง€์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ„์€์Œ์˜์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๊ณ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•๋ณ„๋กœ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™์ด์ œ์–ธํ•˜๊ณ ์žํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์œ ํ˜•์—๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์ „๋ฌธ์ง๊ด€๊ณผ์ง๋ฌด๋งŒ์กฑ๋„๋ฅผ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์ž์‹ ์˜์ดํ•ด์™€ํƒ€์ธ์˜์ˆ˜์šฉ์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์ดํ•ด์˜ํญ์„์ฆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•œ์ž๊ธฐ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„์œ„ํ•ด์—๋‹ˆ์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์›Œํฌ์ˆ์˜ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ. ๋ณ‘์›์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๋ณด๊ฑด์ „๋‹ด๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์˜์—ญํ• ๊ณผ์กฐ์ง์˜๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ฐจ์ด์—๋Œ€ํ•œ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„์ œ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค. 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