방송 통신 융합서비스이용자통합보호방안연구 2009 11
1 / / / ( )
2 ( : 1 / 3 3 : 3 1 2 4 : 2 ) 4 ( ) 2009 11
3 1 9 1 21 1 21 1 21 2 22 3 23 2 24 1 24 2 28 2 30 1 30 1 30 2 48 3 ( ) 57 2 60 1 60 2 70 3 76 1 IPTV 76
4 2 88 3 91 1 91 1 91 2 98 3 100 2 102 1 102 2 103 3 103 3 105 1 105 2 106 3 109 4 113 1 113 1 113 2 114 2 116 1 117 2 ( ) 118 3 ( ) 129 4 132
5 3 138 141 1 143 2 146
6 1 1 25 1 2 27 1 3 28 2 1 31 2 2 32 2 3 32 2 4 34 2 5 37 2 6 42 2 7 43 2 8 49 2 9 49 2 10 50 2 11 51 2 12 52 2 13 54 2 14 55 2 15 IPTV 59 2 16 61 2 17 63 2 18 65 2 19 Oftel 66
7 2 20 Ofcom 67 2 21 69 2 22 70 2 23 FCC 71 2 24 74 4 1 117 4 2 119 4 3 120 4 4 122 4 5 122 4 6 123 4 7 123 4 8 124 4 9 125 4 10 126 4 11 127 4 12 129 4 13 130 4 14 130 4 15 131 4 16 131 4 17 IPTV 133 4 18 137
8 1 1 / 26 2 1 39
9 1 1 IPTV 2 1 IPTV Wibro VoIP
10 2 ( ) 2 1 1
11 2 2000 3 ( ) IPTV Digital Cable ( )
12 IPTV 2 1 1996 FCC(Federal Communications Commission) Oft(Office of Fair Trading) Ofcom (ADR) Ofcom 3 (Consumer Policy Action Plan) TIO(The Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman) 2
13 1 IPTV 3 IPTV IPTV IPTV 1 3 IPTV
14 IPTV 2 2008 3 1 1 2 1 2
15 2 3 ( ) 2 1 2
16 (user) (subscriber) (consumer) (prosumer) 3 (subscriber) 3 1 2
17 3 (1) (2) (3) 3 4 1 1 (content neutral regulation) (content-related regulation)
18 2 2 1 2 ( )
19 3 ( ) 4 3
20 (content neutral regulation) (content-related regulation) ( )
1 21 1 1 1 90 IPTV
22 2 1) ITU( ) (Convergence) / 2) OECD 3) (TV PC ) 1) 2008 4 2) International Techcommunication Union(1996) Provisional List of Terns Constituting the ITU Technology Base TERMITE -Volumes and Geneva 3) OECD(1992) Telecommunications and Broadcasting: Convergence or Collision? No29; OECD(1999) Regulation and competition issues in broadcasting in the light of convergence DAFFE/CLP/WP2(98)13( (2005) p138)
1 23 4) Ofcom (the ability of consumers to obtain) 5) 3 (a seamless multiplatform experience) 4) (2006) 33 5) Ofcom(2007) p1 p389
24 2 1 IPTV Wibro VoIP IPTV
1 25 1 1 ( ) 09 1 09 2 09 3 09 4 09 5 09 6 3415 (299%) 585 584 624 621 494 507 & 1833 (160%) 288 296 310 334 298 307 1501 (131%) 196 235 259 254 286 271 656 (57%) 116 116 128 141 81 74 601 (53%) 109 91 98 92 110 101 497 (43%) 88 67 86 94 92 70 466 (41%) 121 28 32 79 121 85 460 (40%) 108 90 78 64 68 52 382 (33%) 41 69 68 75 62 67 351 (31%) 65 52 71 71 51 41 1277 (112%) 215 217 239 251 171 184 11439 (1000%) 1932 1845 1993 2076 1834 1759 : : (2009 7) 09
26 1995 2002 2005 DMB DMB 2008 IPTV 80% IPTV 1 1 / IPTV 위성방송 위성 DMB 지상파 DMB 1 차 SO 2 차 SO 일부통합 SO 간수평결합허용 중계유선 통합방송법제정 3 차 SO 4 차 SO 수직수평결합증가 / PP 증가채널증가 매체간 경쟁증가 KBS MBC 1961 TV 방송시작 SBS 1 차민방 2 차민방 3 차민방 지상파채널증가 1991 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2005 : (2006) p42
1 27 2009 CS 3347 ( 78% ) TV 407%(1361 ) 354%(1186 ) 761% IPTV ( ) IPTV 6) 1 2 DMB IPTV PP 132 0 39 0 67 12 1 0 13 2592 1162 114 2 8 1158 12 128 8 1119 497 4 0 0 550 9 59 0 402 388 0 0 0 9 0 5 0 224 28 86 0 2 101 0 2 5 / 97 19 0 1 0 71 0 6 0 A/S 65 35 0 0 0 29 0 1 0 : 2009 7 5 : (2009 7) 09 155 1 0 0 0 134 0 20 0 530 194 24 1 6 264 3 35 3 129 0 28 0 87 13 1 0 0 74 0 69 0 3 2 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 277 0 121 0 22 125 1 8 0 3209 1162 376 2 187 1310 15 136 21 6) (2009) 09 2009 7 pp2 5
28 2008 IPTV ( 07 3359 ) 25% 805% ( 07 145% ) 7) 1 3 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 ( 07/ 08 ) 2046 2049 2881 2113 400 811 1119 2084 2820 2185 1656 242 91 31 12 7 4 429 422 862 560 1224 1796 467 707 422 303 1079 20 981 1307 640 640 391 396 13 5692 6088 7216 6999 4272 390 : (2009 1) 08 IPTV Wibro VoIP 2 7) (2009) 2008 2009 1
1 29 ( )
30 2 1 1 124 8) 8) (2008) p11
2 31 (1) 2 1 4 1 ( ) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
32 2 2 6 1 2 3 4 (2) 1 2 3 3 3 2 13 14 19 29 33 33 2
2 33 33 3 36 3 38 38 2 38 3 : (2007) ( 29 ) ( 15 ) ( 37 1 ) 36 3 3 4 1996 12 36 3( )
34 8 2 4 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 3 8 : (2008) p49
2 35 ( 33 ) ( 33 2 ) ( 33 2 ) (3) ( 22 ) ( ) ( 23 ) ( 30 ) (4)
36 ( 2 7 ) ( 3 2) ( 19 ) ( 23 )
2 37 2 5 ( 99 6 30) : (2007) (2008) (1) 2008 ( ) ( )
38 (2) 9) 10) 9) (2008) p14 10) (2001) p10
2 39 2 1 : (2001) (3) ( ) 3
40 ( 65 ) 1 50 ( 61 ) 5 9 ( 63 ) ( 65 4 ) 30 30 ( 66 ) 15 ( 67 ) 15 68 (50 ) 11) 11) (2001) p16
2 41 1980 2006 68 12) 13) 12) 68 ( ) 65 1 1 3 7 ( ) 1 3 1 65 5 66 1 2 13) (2009) p7
42 ( ) ( ) 14) ( 33 3 2 ) 15) 2 6 40 2 1 1 33 2 2 33 5 1 2 33 7 1 2 34 1 34 3 1 34 4 1 3 33 5 1 2 33 7 1 2 34 1 34 3 1 34 4 1 4 14) (2008) p69 15) (2009a) p10
2 43 40 2 16) ( 33 2) ( 33 3) 2 7 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 33 ( ) 40 2 1 3 5 40 2 1 3 1 2 16) (2008) p15
44 ( 43 ) ( 40 2 2 ) 10 ( 12 ) 17) 60 30 ( 34 ) ( 21 ) ( 35 ) 17) (2008) p74
2 45 60 ( 40 2 4 ) 60 ( 40 2 4 ) ( 40 3) ( 23 1 ) 7 ( 23 2 ) 18) (1) 18) (2009)
46 36 3 1 23 (2) 19) (3) 19) (2008) pp138 139
2 47 (4) ( 36 3 1 4 ) ( ) (5) ( ) (6) ( : ) ( )
48 (7) (8) (9) targeting SW 2 20) 2000 20) (2009)
2 49 2 8 1 ( ) 3 ( ) 92 (1) 10 2 2 9 10 9 1 2 3 5 6 8 1 2 3 4 5 6
50 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 17 1 2 10 1 ( 33 2 7 ) ( 69 8 ) 2 10 22 ( ) 2 3
2 51 ( 35 ) 2 2 11 8 3 1 2 3 64 4 5 ( 87 1 ) ( 88 2 ) ( 90 2 ) ( 90 1 )
52 ( 90 3 ) ( 90 4 ) 2 12 1 2 3 4 88 Access Program Access Program 21) (KBS) ( 69 7 51 ) SO ( 69 9 70 7 52 2) 100 ( ) SO ( 38 1 4 ) 21) (2007) p356
2 53 (2) ( 86 ) 3 ( 89 1 ) 60 1 ( 89 2 ) (3) 3 ( ) ( 35 3) 22) 22) (2009a) p9
54 ( 2 2008519) 2 1 ( 21 3) ( 14 ) 2 13 21 3 35 3 1 1 2 3 4 19 1 5 ( 35 3 3 ) ( ) ( ) ( 30 ) ( 60 30 )
2 55 ( 10 ) 2 14 2 15 1 2 3 4 ( 15 1 ) 1 1 1 7 3 1 30 6 7 60 30
56 15 9 10 9 6 15 (1) TV20 (consumer) (producer) (prosumer) (viewer) (audience) (user) (subscriber) (consumer) (prosumer) (2)
2 57 (3) 23) (4) (5) 3 ( ) (IPTV ) (1) 23) (2008) pp244 245
58 2008 1 17 (2) IPTV IPTV ( 16 ) ( 15 )
2 59 IPTV 3 2 15 IPTV 17 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 IPTV 100 2 5
60 ( ) IPTV Digital Cable ( ) IPTV IPTV 2 1 (1) 1996 (Communication Act of 1996) FCC(Federal Communications Commission) FCC
2 61 Act of 1991) (Communications Decency Act 1996) (Child Online Proection Act) (Telephone Consumer Protection ( ) FCC FTC PUC( PSC) FCC (Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau) FCC 2 16 FCC FTC PUC/PSC ( ) (2) (user) (consumer) (customer)
62 24) Kids-zone FCC (informal process) (formal process) (CGB) (Enforcement Bureau) (Cable Service) (Radio & Television Broadcasting) (Wireless Telecommunications) (Wireline Telecommunications) 900 24) 47 USC 226 (a)(4)( )
2 63 (1) DTI(Department of Trade and Industry) Oft(Office of Fair Trading) Ofcom (ADR) 2 17 DTI OFT Ofcom ( ) (2003) Ofcom Ofcom Ofcom (Consumer protection policy review) ADR (Codes of Practice) (2) Ofcom Ofcom
64 Ofcom (informed choice) Ofcom 1 (integration): 2 : 3 (empowerment): (3) Ofcom Ofcom 1 3 (Deadlock) ADR ADR Ofcom Ofcom ADR Otelo CISAS
2 65 Otelo BT 96 CISAS T-Mobil 76 EU Ofcom 2 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 21 2003 Oft Ofcom Oft CPPR (Oftel 2002 12) 2002 12 (market review) (CPPR: Consumer Protection Policy Review) ( (2004) pp29 31) Oftel(Ofcom ) (CPPR) 2 (consumer interest criteria)
66 (National Consumer Council) Access (choice) / (redress) value for money 2 19 Oftel 1 2 (consumer interest criteria)? 3? 4? 5 Oftel? 6?( ) 4 5 7 7 Oftel (ROA): 8 5 Oftel ) ) (well informed consumer) ) (adequately protected consumer) 6 EU 7 6 EU (4) Consumer Policy Statement(2006 12)
2 67 Plan) 3 (Consumer Policy Action 2 20 Ofcom Ofcom Consumer Advice (2009 ) ADR Ofcom PASS ( ) U-switch(wwwuswichcom) Ofcom 30 2008 simplyfy Digital(wwwsimplifydigitalcouk) Broadband Choices(wwwbroadbandchoicescouk)
68 statement Ofcom / TV & 3 TIO(The Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman) ACMA TIO(The Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman) (ICP) ACCC TPA(Trade Practices Act)
2 69 OECD OECD ( )(2008) 2 21 1 : 3 / 2 : 3 : 4 : 5 : 6 : 7 : 8 : 9 : 10 : 11 :
70 2 25) 2 22 47 USC 336(d) 47 USC 309(k) FCC (1)(A) (1) FCC(Federal Communications Commission) FCC CGB(The Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau) FCC CGB Policy Outreach Operations Administration & Management 4 Operations & 26) 25) (2007) p120
2 71 (2) FCC program FCC 3 27) FCC 28) 2 23 FCC 47 USC 326 (National Association of Broadcasters NAB) NAB 26) CGB http://wwwfccgov/cgb/cgborg1pdf 27) (2004) p28 28) http://wwwfccgov/cgb/broadcasthtml
72 29) NAB 1990 1990 (advisory) 31) 30) 1983 (3) (consumer boycotts) (license challenge) (negotiation and public pressure) (American Council for Better Broadcasting ACBB) (Accuracy in Media AIM) (Morality in Media MIM) (Action for Children Television ACT) 1996 3 32) Access 29) FCC Television Programming for Children: A Report of the Children s Task Force Report Oct 1979 30) United States v NAB 536 F Supp 149 DistDC 1982 31) (2006) p196 32) (2007) p130
2 73 2003 Ofcom Ofcom Ofcom ( 3 (4)) Ofcom ( 16 (5)) 2003 Ofcom (Broadcasting Code) 33) Ofcom Ofcom Content Board BBC Broadcasting Code ( 5 ) 1998 Ofcom 33) (2007) p12
74 34) Ofcom Ofcom (Guidelines for the handling of standards complaints and cases in programmes advertising and sponsorship) Ofcom 2 24 OFCOM ( 42 TV 90 ) OFCOM OFCOM Contact Cetre OFCOM OFCOM OFCOM Programmes Complaints Bulletin Advertising Complaints Bulletin / OFCOM : http://wwwofcomorguk/tv/ifi/guidance/standards/standardspdf 34) (2008) p163
2 75 Ofcom 35) Ofcom IPTV 35)
76 3 1 IPTV : IPTV 2 ( ) / 2 ( ) 1 2 ( ) 1 2 ( )
2 77 IPTV ( 33 2) 33 ( ) 3 ( ) 16 ( ) 2 33 2 33 2( ) 16 ( ) 2
78 33 3( ) 33 2 IPTV 1 38 ( ) 37 1 ( ) 40 2 ( ) 1 ( ) 35
2 79 1 33 2 86 ( ) IPTV ) 40 2 1 40 3( ( ) 1 87 ( ) 1
80 IPTV 90 ( ) 29 ( ) ( ) 77 ( ) IPTV IPTV ( ) 15 ( ) / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 81 IPTV 1 1 1 ( ) ( ) 2 2007 5 11 3 / 4 5 6 55 2007 5 11
82 IPTV 1 1 / ) ( ( ) ( ) (2007 1) ( 37 5 ) 37 ( ) 36 3 1 36 4 1 6 77 ( ) 1 5
2 83 1 : : 3 IPTV 15 ( ) 108 ( ) 3 1 12 77 1 5 29 1 16 82 18 ( )
84 6 IPTV 13 3 3 7 77 2 IPTV 3 IV 36) 36 3( ) 76 3( ) 17 ( ) 76 3 ( ) 3
2 85 3 1 IPTV 2 100 5 / / / 36 3( ) 1 6 ( ) 17 ( ) 1 6 36) 42 1 3
86 76 ( IPTV ) 7 / ( ) 36 3( ) 2 17 ( ) 3 / / / 36 3( ) 3 69 2( ) 1 17 ( ) 4
2 87 IPTV ( / ) 1 2 2 9 15 2 17 / 36 3( ) 4 ( 29 1 17 ( ) 2 )
88 IPTV IPTV IPTV 2 (1) 2008 ( ) CS
2 89 CS (2) 2009 1 (wwwwiseusergokr) (2009 11 1 ) USIM Lock
90
3 91 3 1 1 37) 37) (2009)
92 3 (1 ) (2 ) 33 4 1 ( 33 6) ( 33 7) ( 34 )
3 93 36 3 1 3 3 2 1 38) 2 1 3 (universal) 38) Kay Windthorst(2000) Der Universaldienst im Bereich der Telekommunikation Duncker & Humblot p115
94 (user) 39) ( ) 40)( IPTV ) 41) 2 1 2 2 1 42) 39) 2 4 40) IPTV 1 ( ) 16 ( ) 41) 29 42) 2 1 ( ) ( )
3 95 (trade) (business) (profession) PC PC 43) (1) EU 2 h (user) (using) (requesting) i (consumer) (uses) (requests) k (subscriber) n (end-user) 43) (2008) pp68 71
96 44) 45) EC (Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and user s rights to electronic communications network and services) recital (5) 20 4 ( 5 2 3 ) ( 2 e 44) EC (Directive 1999/44/EC on certain aspects of the sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees) 1 2 a 45) (Telekommunikationsgesetz: TKG) 3 11 (Nutzer) (Nachfrager) Klaus-Dieter Scheurle & Thomas Mayen hrsg Telekommunikationsgesetz Kommentar C H Beck 2002 102 (Simone Lünenbürger )
3 97 ) 22 EU (2) 2003 3 1 Ofcom (citizens) (consumer) EU (3) (Nutzer) ( ) ( 3 14 ) (Teilnehmer)
98 ( 3 20 ) (Endnutzer) 3 8 46) (4) 2 47) 46) (2008) 08-67 2008 12 p137 47) (2009)
3 99 ( ) ( ) ( 2 1 ) (free-to-air) (pay-per-view) (viewing experience) (consumer) (citizen) (individualistic information)
100 (beyond the market) (communal information) (dogmatic) (heuristic) 3 48) 4 (1) (2) (3) ( ) (4) ( ) 48) (2009)
3 101 2 ( ) 49) 50) Ian Walden 51) 49) 50) (2009) 51) Ian Walden & John Angel ed(2005) Telecommunications Law and Regulations Oxford Univ Press p143
102 (liberalization) EC 52) 2 1 52) Walden and Angel(2005) p144
3 103 2 TV20 (consumer) (prosumer) (viewer) (audience) (producer) (user) (subscriber) (consumer) (prosumer) 3 (subscriber)
104 EC 2 h (user) (using) (requesting) 36 3 1 53) EU user 53) (2008) pp69 70
3 105 33 2 33 2 33 3 ( 55 ) ( 43 1 ) ( 31 ) 3 1
106 2
3 107 54) EC 8 4 55) 54) 19 55)
108 (return path)
3 109 (audience) 3 56) (1) (2) (3) 3 56) (2009)
110 (1) EU (general public) Ofcom 2003 (Communications Act 2003) 3 1 EU
3 111 (path-dependency) IPTV IPTV ( 1 2 16 ) ( 20 ) IPTV (audiovisual content)
112
4 113 4 ( ) 57) 1 1 IPTV (content 57) 4 (2009) ( )
114 neutral regulation) (content-related regulation) 2 ( )
4 115 ( ) ( ) ( ) (1) (2) (2)
116 (Code of Conduct) 2 ( ) ( )
4 117 1 4 1 ( ) 2 1 : 2 ( ) 1 2 ( ) 2 ( )
118 2 ( ) 13 14
4 119 4 1 ( ) 4 2 ( ) ( ) 1 : 13 14 52 29 36 3 1 4
120 77 IPTV 15 / ( ) / ( ) 23 19 2 4 3 ( ) ( ) : 29 36 3 77 IPTV 15 23 36 1 4 ( 29 1 )
4 121 ( ) 4
122 4 4 1 2 3 4 ( ) 1 : 51 ( ) 4 5 ( ) : 35 ( ) 16 ( ) 33
4 123 1999 1 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 2 1 4 6 ( ) : 19 ( ) 33 ( ) IPTV 16 ( ) 4 7 ( ) ( ) : 53 ( ) 54 ( )
124 4 8 ( ) 1 : 16 ( ) 33 2 IPTV 16 33 2 33 2 ( )
4 125 56 1 4 9 ( ) 2 2 3 2 : 33 ( ) 33 2( ) IPTV 16 ( ) 3 56 ( ) 1 / IPTV
126 4 10 ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 ) ( ( ) 1 5 7 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 ( ) ( ) 1 3 7 1 3 1
4 127 2 60 60 : 35 3( ) 21 3 60 ( ) 69 (2009 10 21 ) 68 ( ) 68 2( ) 48 3( ) 33 ( ) 40 4 11 1 2 3 ( ) 90 1 4 1
128 90 1 90 1 ( ) 60 ( ) 1 : 40 2( ) 40 3( ) 35 ( ) 36 3 1 37 (3 ) (5 ) (6 ) (7 ) (9 ) 36 3 65 65 1 2
4 129 65 1 2 4 12 ( ) : 65 ( ) 1 99 ( ) 17 2( ) 41 ( ) 42 ( ) 1 3 ( )
130 4 13 ( ) : 11 ( ) 4 14 ( ) ( ) 1 : 3 ( ) 86 ( )
4 131 (Voluntary Code of Practice) (self-regulation) (Code of Conduct) (co-regulation) EU (Action Plans) 4 15 ( ) : 44 4( ) 14 2( ) 4 16 ( ) 1
132 1 2 3 4 ( ) ( ) 60 1 ( ) 1 1 2 1 : 87 ( ) 88 ( ) 89 ( ) 90 ( ) 4
4 133 IPTV IPTV 17 ( ) 1 5 7 ( 5 ) ( 6 ) 3 4 17 5 17 1 5 6 17 1 6
134 7 17 1 7 58) 58) (2009b)
4 135 (1) IPTV 17 1 1 (2)
136 PP (3) (4)
4 137 (5) 32 4 36 3 ( ) IPTV ( ) 4 18 ( ) ( ) 3 1 2 3 4
138 ) 1 5 1 : 36 ( ) IPTV 17 ( ) ( ) 85 2 ( 3 IPTV (content neutral regulation)
4 139 (content-related regulation) ( ) ( )
140 IPTV
141 (2006) (NAB) : (2009) (2004) 04-48 (2001) (2007) (2009) (2007) (2008) (2009) (2008) 08-69 (2009) (2008) 08-67 (2009a) 21 20 473
142 (2009b) KISDI (2008) KISDI 08-10 (2004) FCC (2008) 36 3 (2009) (2009) (2009) (2005) 12 3 OECD(1992) Telecommunications and Broadcasting: Convergence or Collision? No29 OECD(1999) Regulation and competition issues in broadcasting in the light of convergence DAFFE/CLP/WP2(98)13 available at http://wwwoecdorg/dataoecd/ 34/55/1920359pdf OCED(2008) The Interface between Competition and Consumer Policies 2008 Contribution from the United States available at http://wwwoecdorg/dataoecd/ 18/4/39915760pdf Ofcom(2007) What is convergence? available at http://wwwofcomorguk/media/ speeches/2008/02/cttsubmission1pdf Walden I and Angel A ed(2005) Telecommunications Law and Regulations Oxford University Press
143 1 / IPTV / ( ) ( )
144 1 : 2009 6 23 ( ) 11 : (Ofcom Consumer Policy) : 2 : 2009 7 8 ( ) 11 : (1) : 3 : 2009 8 12 ( ) 11 : (2) :
145 4 : 2009 9 4 ( ) 11 : ( ) : 5 : 2009 9 24 ( ) 11 : : 6 : 2009 10 15 ( ) 11 : ( ) : 7 : 2009 11 9 ( ) 11 : :
146 2 2009 11 24 25 1 : (user) (viwer) 2 : / 3 :
147
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