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A Qualitative Case Study on the Definitions of Situation of Members regarding a School Violence in the Elementary School: Focusing on the - Na, Il-Su Case - * The purpose of this paper was to identify different definitions of the situation of members (students, parents, teacher) regarding a school violence by a longitudinal qualitative case study, which is rooted in symbolic interactionism. The specific results and conclusions were as follows. Firstly, a furious student as a trigger in a school violence, and his parents as complainant had pursued the human rights of students, and judical justice through raising a school violence problem against a elementary school and Office of Education. Secondly, the students and parents as defendant in a school violence event had made an effort to put the situation under control, had asserted judical innocence by overcoming stigma as an accident. Thirdly, a teacher in charge as a bystander had been left from a violence event in forfeiting educational authority. Meanwhile, a violence event in an elementary school was a subjective and multiple social reality according to different definitions of the situation and various interpretations of social actors rather than an objective social fact. The results of this paper would be able to provide insights to prevent and resolve school violence through profound understanding on the school violence based on the different definitions of situation of school members. Key words : School violence, Definition of the situation, Symbolic interactionism, Qualitative case study * This work was supported by a 2-Year Research Grant of Pusan National University