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1 * Shelton(1990) Eden(2001).. D 480,, 425..,... * (Corresponding Author): / / ( ) 1370 Tel: / flow@knu.ac.kr

2 (self-efficacy) (forethought) (Bandura, 1977).,,, (Löve, Moore & Hensing, 2012),,,, (Leung & Leung, 2011). (Shelton, 1990). Bandura(1997),. Bandura (Shelton, 1990). (, 2004). Sherer et al.(1982) (Chen, Gully & Eden, 2001; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995; Shelton, 1990; Tipton & Worthington Jr., 1984).,, (, 2010).. (Chen, Gully, Whiteman, & Kilcullen, 2000). (generalized or general self-efficacy). (Scherbaum, Cohen-Charash & Kern, 2006) (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). (specific self-efficacy). Eden(2001)..,.,.

3 , (, 2002). (proximal motivational state), (distal motivational trait).. Shelton(1990) (spill-over).,,. Shelton. (Chen et al., 2001, 2004; Ferrari & Parker, 1992; Mueller, 1992) Shelton(1990) Eden(2001)., Chen et al.(2001, 2004) 10,. (, 2010;, 2002;, 1997),.. (, 1997; Dahlbeck & Lightsey, Jr., 2008; Kumar & Lal, 2006).,. (Sharf, 2010).. Hackett Betz (1981), Taylor Betz(1983).,,, (Hackett & Betz, 1995),

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6 (49.6%), 214 (50.4%). (1997) (1997). 24, (7 ),,, (12 ), (5 ) 3. (1 ) (6 ) Likert 6,. (1997) Cronbach.87,.79,.86,.83. Cronbach.90,.86,.92,.79., (2006) (Career Self-Efficacy Scale).,. 32 Likert 5, (10 ), (11 ), (11 ) , 1 11 (11, 14, 15, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28 29, 32), 2 16 (1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 30, 31), 3 5 (4, 6, 12, 21, 25). (1 ) (6 ) Likert 6., (2006) Cronbach.96, Cronbach.96, 1, 2, 3.94,.95,.75. (2003) Likert, (10 ), (5 ), (5 ),

7 (2 ).,. 2 Cronbach (9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22), 2 8 (3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 19), 3 4 (1, 2, 4, 20) 3. Likert 6,. Cronbach.89,.86,.77,.79. Cronbach.91, 1, 2, 3 Cronbach.88,.83,.70. PASW 18.0 AMOS 18.0 (Structural Equation Modeling). CFI TLI,, GFI, AGFI, SRMR, RMSEA. RMSEA SRMR.90. SRMR.05, RMSEA.05,.08,.10,.10 (Browne & Cudeck, 1993; Hu & Bentler, 1999).., Sobel.,.,,, 1. t.05. Pearson.,,., (, ), (, ), (, ). 2.

8 ** **.595 ** - Anderson Gerbing(1988),.,,, ( = , GFI =.955, AGFI =.907, TLI =.934, CFI =.959, SRMR =.041, RMSEA =.089( )) ,.93.40,.89.50,

9 Chi-Square test / GFI AGFI SRMR TLI CFI (A) (B) RMSEA (90% CI).087 ( ).089 ( ) (A:B)

10 ,.., ( 3, 3, 4)., ( ), ( ) ( ) , (.876, ), (.902, )..791(= ). Sobel ( ).,. Shelton(1990) Eden(2001).,.876 *** ***.902 *** ***

11 ....,,,,. (2010), (2012) (2012). (2006). (r=.712), (2001) (r=.76). (2010), (r=.59) (r=.81),.,.,. Chen et al.(2001, 2004), (2010).,. Shelton(1990), Eden(2001)..., (Rucker, Preacher, Tormala & Petty, 2011) (.791).,

12 ,..,,,..,..., D 1.,...,,.,, Shelton(1990) Eden(2001),,.., (1997), (1997),,. (Chen, Gully & Eden, 2001; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), (Scherbaum, Cohen-Charash & Kern, 2006).

13 ,..,. (Eden, 2001).,.,. (Eden, 2001).,., (, 2002).,,., (2007).. (3), (1997).,.,, (2006). ( 2 ). :. (1997).. (2), (2004).. (1), 1-39., (2001).

14 . (1), (2001).,. (2012).,., (2011).. (7), 1-32., (2006).. (2), (2003).. (2), (2006).,., (2011). :. (2), (2010).,., (2010)., :. (3), (2002). :,. (3), (2012).,.,,,, (2004).., (2007).,,,. (3), , (2011).. (1), (2010).,. (1997).,.,,, (2010).. (4), (1995).,. Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman. Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long(Eds.), Testing structural equation models. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D. (2001).

15 Validation of a new General Self-Efficacy Scale. Organizational Research Methods, 4(1), Chen, G., Gully, S. M., & Eden, D. (2004). General self-efficacy and self-esteem: Toward theoretical and empirical distinction between correlated self-evaluations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, Chen, G., Gully, S. M., Whiteman, J., & Kilcullen, R. N. (2000). Examination of relationships among trait-like individual differences, state-like individual differences, and learning performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(6), Dahlbeck, D. T., & Lightsey Jr., O. R. (2008). Generalized self-efficacy, coping, and self-esteem as predictors of psychological adjustment among children with disabilities or chronic illnesses. Children's Health Care, 37, Eden, D. (2001). Means efficacy: External sources of general and specific subjective efficacy. In M. Erez, U. Kleinbeck, & H. Thierry(Eds.), Work motivation in the context of a globalizing economy(pp ). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrance Erlbaum. Ferrari, J. R., & Parker, J. T. (1992). High school achievement, self-efficacy and locus of causality as predictors of freshman academic performance. Psychological Reports, 71, Hackett, G., & Betz, N. E. (1981). A self-efficacy approach to the career development of women. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 18, Hackett, G., & Betz, N. E. (1995). Self-efficacy and career choice and development. In J. E. Maddux(Ed.), Self-efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research, and application(pp ). New York: Plenum Press. Hu, L. Z., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, Kumar, R., & Lal, R. (2006). The role of self-efficacy and gender difference among the adolescents. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 32, Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (1994). Toward a unifying social congnitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45, Leung, E. Y. P., & Leung, A. Y. M. (2011). Factor structure and gender invariance of the Chinese General Self-Efficacy Scale among soon-to-be-aged adults. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(6), Löve, J., Moore, C. D., & Hensing, G. (2012). Quality of Life Research, 21, Mueller, L. M. (1992). The effect of general and task-specific self-efficacy on the performance of a fine motor task. Journal of Sports Behavior, 15, Rucker, D. D., Preacher, K. J., Tormala, Z. L., & Petty, R. E. (2011). Mediation analysis in social psychology: Current practices and new recommendations. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(6), Scherbaum, C. A., Cohen-Charash, Y., & Kern, M. M. (2006). Measuring general self-efficacy: A comparison of three measures using item response theory. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(6), Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Self-efficacy measurement and generalized self-efficacy scale. In

16 J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston(Eds.), Measures in health psychology: A users' portfolio(pp ). Windsor: Neer-Nelson. Sharf, R. S. (2010). Applying career development theory to counseling(5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadworth. Shelton, S. H. (1990). Developing the construct of general self-efficacy. Psychological Reports, 66, Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51, Taylor, K. M., & Betz, N. E. (1983). Application of self-efficacy theory to the understanding and treatment of career indecision. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 22, Tipton, R. M., & Worthington, Jr. E. L. (1984). The measurement of generalized self-efficacy: A study of construct validity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(5), : : :

17 The Structural Relation of General Self-Efficacy, Career Self-Efficacy and Career Preparation Behavior Among Middle School Students Kyungpook National University The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of general self-efficacy, specific self-efficacy and career preparation behavior among middle school students. Based on Shelton(1990) and Eden(2001)'s general self-efficacy and relevant empirical findings, two models of the complete and partial mediation of career self-efficacy were established and compared. 480 students in D city completed General Self-Efficacy Scale, Career Self-Efficacy Scale and Career Preparation Behavior Scale and 425 questionnaires were used. For data analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were employed. In comparing the two models, the complete mediation model was determined to be more superior. In the partial mediation model, the direct effect of general self-efficacy on career preparation behavior was not statistically significant, suggesting the complete mediating effect of career self-efficacy. Based on the findings, implications for educational and counseling interventions, as well as limitations of the current study and the suggestions for further research, were discussed. Key words : general self-efficacy, career self-efficacy, career preparation behavior

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: The Effect of Caree

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.325-349 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.325 The Effect of Career Preparation Behavior Before and After Major Transitions