:,,, - -. 1..,.. Hackman Oldham (1975) (job characteristics model). (, 1998;, 1986;, 1989;, 1994;, 1997;, 1992;, 1991;, 1995; Fried & Ferris, 1987; Hackman & Oldham, 1976, 1980; Loher et al., 1985; Renn & Vanderberg, 1995).,,,.,,.... Walsh (1980), Spector (1986). Fried Ferris (1987) * (mskim @venus.semyung.ac.kr ) * * (pybae @venus.semyung.ac.kr ) - 1434 -
29 6,,,,,,..... Hackman Oldham (1975, 1976). Hackman Lawler (1971), Sims Szilagy (1976), Hackman Oldham (1980), (1995), Brief Aldag (1975), White (1978).,.., (job satisfaction) (organizational commitment).,....,.,.. 2. [ 1].,. < 1> - 1435 -
. 1 : (+). 2 : (+). 3 :. 4 :.. 1., Hackman Oldham (1975) (+). Sims Szilagyi (1976),,. Loher (1985) Spector (1986). Fried Ferris(1987),,., (1986), (1986), (1991), (1995) (+). (1997) (job involvement) Renn Vanderberg (1995). Hackman Oldham (1975). Mowday (1982),,,,,,. Steers (1977), Steers Spencer (1977), Stevens (1978) (+), Loher (1985). Freid Ferris(1986), (1997). (1995) (+), (1998) (+)..,. 2., Hackman Oldham (1971)., Lawler (1973), Robey (1974) - 1436 -
29 6. Hackman Oldham (1976), Brief Aldag (1978), White(1978), Kim (1980). ( /,, ). (1989), (1991), (1992), (1995) (1996),. (1998).. (White, 1978; Caldwell and O'Reilly, 1982)... 1.,, 8. 128,, (pre- test).. 820, 627 ( 77%)594 ( 72%). SAS. (factor analysis),,, (Cronbach 's ). (multiple regression analysis) (hierarchical multiple regression). 2. 1), Sims (1976) Hackman Oldham(1975) (Job Diagnostic Survey, JDS) (Job Characteristics Index, JCI). 25 Likert 5 (1=, 5= ). 2) Levenson (1995), (1998) (IPC). 9, Likert 5 (1=, 5= ). 3) (job satisfaction) Kendall Hulin (1969) JDI(Job Descriptive Index ),,,,. Likert 5 (1=, 5= ),. - 1437 -
(organizational commitment). Mowday (1978) (Organizational Questionnaire Commitment, OQC) (Luthans et al., 1985; Meyer & Allen, 1984). Meyer Allen (1991). (+) ( 1994; 1995;, 1997; Hackett et al., 1994; Shore et al., 1995),. Meyer Allen (1991). 8, Likert 5 (1=, 5= ).. 1. 1). (principal component analysis) (varimax rotation). 1.0 0.5. 5. ( ) (variance explained) 15.97% 3, ( ) 15.30% 3, ( ) 11.36% 4, ( ) 9.77% 3, ( ) 8.30% 2. 5., 1. () 2. () 23.95% 5, () 20.65% 4. 2., 1, 46.32%. 2. ( ) 34.58% 4, ( ) 27.77% 4. 2. 2,. 2) (Cronbach 's ). < 1> < 1> Cronbach 's 3.7656 3.7851 4.5339 3.6749 2.6854 5.6341 () 4.6116 5.7007 4.7996 4.7711 0.5339, - 1438 -
29 6 0.60.. 2. 1) (,,,, ) (+) < 1>. < 2> P<0.05,. < 1>. < 2> T Sig R 2 Sig F -0.041-1.002 0.317 0.066 1.623 0.105 3.070-0.003-1.065 0.948 0.026 0.122 2.984 (0.010) 0.003 ** -0.068-1.068 0.094 * * p< 0.01 < 3> T Sig R 2 Sig F -0.015-0.370 0.711 0.231 5.783 0.000 * ** 8.501 0.034 0.852 0.395 0.068 (0.000) 0.107 2.673 0.008 * * -0.041-1.030 0.303 * * p< 0.01, * * * p<0.001 3) (. ) < 3>.., < 4>.,.. < 3>. 2) (+) < 2>. < 3> P<0.001 P<0.01,,.. < 2>. < 4> R 2 R 2 (D- C) Sig (A) 5.995 0.020(C) (B) (0.003) 0.382 1.234 A, A*B 0.402(D) (0.039) * (A) 9.586 0.031(C) (B) (0.000) 0.314 0.967 A, A*B 0.345(D) (0.604) * p< 0.05 4), - 1439 -
< 4>,., < 5>.. ( ) - 0.113(- ).,. < 4>. < 5> R 2 R 2 (D- C) Sig (A) 13.416 0.043(C) (B) (0.000) 0.415 1.553 A, A*B 0.458(D) (0.000) * * * (A) 2.558 0.009(C) (B) (0.078) 0.393 1.234 A, A*B 0.402(D) (0.039) * * * * * p< 0.05 p< 0.001. (+), Loher (1985), Spector (1986), Fried Ferris(1987) (1995).. (+). Fried Ferris(1986), (1997), (1998), Hackman Oldhan(1975). (+).,. White (1978), Caldwell O'Reilly (1982)........, (, ). - 1440 -
29 6....,. I. 1.. 8 594,,,,, SAS,,. 1. (+) < 1> <P<0.05> < 1>. 2. (+) < 2>(P< 0.001), (P<0.01) < 2>. 3. < 3> (P<0.039)< 3>. 4. < 4> (P<0.000), (P<0.039) < 4>. 2.,., (JCI). (Robert Glick, 1981).., (IPC). (variance explained)..,..,..... (1998)., - 1441 -
., 19, 549-572. (1994). :. 1994. (1986)... (1995).,., 25(4), 790-806. (1986)... (1989)..., (1989).., 23(3), 313-338. (1997).., 5(1), 87-122. (1992). :.. (1995).., 19, 301-322. (1991)... (1996)...,, (1997).., 5(2), 95-134. (1995)... Brief, A., & Aldag, R. J. (1975). Employee reaction to job characteristics: A con- structive replication. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 182-186. Brief, A., & Aldag, R. J. (1978). T he job characteristic inventory: An examination. Academy of Management Journal, 21(4), 659-670. Caldwell, D. G., & O'Reilly, C. A. (1982). T ask perceptions and job satisfaction: A question of causality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 361-369. Fried, Y., & Ferris, G. R. (1986). The dimensionality of job characteristics, Journal of Applied Psychology, 21(4), 409-426. Fried, Y., & Ferris, G. R. (1987). T he critical psychological states: An underrepresented component in job characteristics model research, Journal of Management, 21, 279-303. Fried, Y., & Ferris, G. R. (1987). T he validity of the job characteristic model: A review and metaanalysis. Personnel Psychology, 40(2), 287-322. Hackett. R., Bycio. P., & Hausdorf. P. (1994). Further assessment of Meyer and Allen 's(1991) A three-component conceptualization of organizational comm itment. Journal of Applied P sychology, 79, 15-23. Hackman, J. L., & Lawler, E. E. (1971). Employee reaction to job characteristics. Journal of Applied Psychology, 55(3), 259-286. Hackman, J. L., & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the job diagnostic survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 159-170. Hackman, J. L., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16, 250-279. Hackman, J. L., & Oldham, G. R. (1980). Work redesign, New York: Addison- Wesley Publishing Co. Katz, R. (1978). Job longevity as a situational factor in job satisfactoin. Ad-ministrative Science Quarterly, 23, 204-223. Kendall, L. M., & Hulin, C. L. (1969). The measurement of job satisfaction in and retirement, IL. : Rand McNally. Kim, J. S. (1980). Relationship of personality to perceptual and behavioral response in stimulating and nonstimulating tasks. Academy of Management Journal, 23(2), 307-319. Lawler, E. E. (1973). Motivation in work organizations, Calif : Brook / Cole. Loher, B. T., Noe, R. A., Moller, N. L., & Ritzgerld, M. P. (1985). A meta analysis of the relation of job characteristics to job satisfaction. Journal of - 1442 -
29 6 Psychology, 70, 280-289. Luthans, F., McCaul, H. S., & Dodd, N. G. (1985). Organizational commitment: A comparison of American, Japanese, and Korean employees. Academy of Manage- ment Journal, 28(1), 213-219. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1984). Testing the side- bet theory of organizational commitment: Some methodological considerational. Journal of Applied Psycho- logy, 69, 372-378. Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A threecomponent conceptualization of org - anizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, l1(1), 61-98. Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1978). T he measurement of org - anizational commitment: A progress report, T he T echnical Report, 15, Department of management, Graduate School of management, Engene, Oregon. Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1982). Employee- organization linkage : T he psychology of commitment, absenteesim, and turnover. New York : Academic Press. Renn, R. W., & Vanderberg, R. J. (1995). The critical psychological states: An underrepresented component in job characteristics m odel research. Journal of Management, 21, 279-303. Roberts, K. H., & Glick, W. (1981). T he job characteristics approach to task design : A critical review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62(2), 193-217. Robey, D. (1974). T ask design, w ork values, and w orker response : An experimental test. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 12, 264-273. Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectations for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Mongraphs, 80(1), 1-27. Rotter, J. B. (1971). External control and internal control. Psychology T oday, 37-59. Shore, L. M., Barksdale, K. & Shore, T. H. (1995). Managerial perceptions of commitment to the organization. Academy of Management Journal, 38(6), 1593-1615. Sims, Jr. H.P., & Szilagyi, A. D. (1976). Job characteristics relationships: Individual and structual moderators. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 17, 211-230. Sims, Jr. H. P., Szilagyi, A. D. & keller, R. T. (1976). The measurement of job characteristics relationships: Individual and structural moderators. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 17, 211-230. Sims, Jr. H. P., Szilagyi, A. D. & keller, R. T. (1976). The measurement of job characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 19(2), 195-212. Spector, P. E. (1986). Perceived control by employees: A meta analysis of studies concerning autonomy and participation at w ork. Human Relations, 39, 1005-1016. Steers, R. M., & Spencer, D. G. (1977). The role of achievement motivation in job design. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, 472-479. Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 46-56. Stevens, J. M., Beyer, J., & T rice, H. M. (1978). Assessing personal, role, and organizational predictors of managerial commitment. Academy of Management Journal, 21, 380-396. Walsh, J. T., T aber, T.D., & Veehr, T. A. (1980). An integrated model of perceived job characteristic. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 25, 252-267. White, J. K. (1978). Generalizability of individual difference moderator of the part- icipation in decision making: Employee response relationship. Academy of Man- agement Journal, 21(1), 36-43. - 1443 -
-Abstract - Key concept : Job characteristics, Job satisfaction, Organizational commitment, Personality characteristics A St udy on t he Inf luence of J ob Char act er i s t ics Per ceived by Nur ses on Their Job Sat i s fact ion and Organizat i onal Commi tment : Focus ing on Moder at ing Ef fect of Indivi dual Per sonal i t y Char act er i st i cs Kim, Myoung Sook * Park, young Bae ** T he purpose of this study w as to investig ate the influence of job characteristics on the nurses ' the m oderating effect of locu s of contr ol on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment and relationship between job characteristics and attitude. The sample for this study consisted of 594 nurses from 8 university hospitals. Factor analysis, Cronbach 's alpha analysis, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used for the statistical methods. The results of this study were found that (1) autonomy among 5 core job characteristics showed positive influence on job satisfaction, (2) task significance and autonomy among 5 core job characteristics had positive influence on organizational commitment, (3) the internals of locus of control moderated the effect of job characteristics on nurses' job satisfaction, and (4) internals and externals of locus of control moderated the effect of job characteristics on nurses' organizational commitment. * Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Semyung University. ** Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Semyung University. - 1444 -