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4 ....,,,.,...,..,,.,,,,,,..
5 ,.,!,.. role m odel,.,..,,,
6 i -
7 ii -
8 < 1> 21 < 2> 26 < 3> 27 < 4> 29 < 5> 30 < 6> 31 < 7> 32 < 8> 33 < 9> 34 < 10> 36 < 11> 38 < 12> 39 < 13> 42 < 14> 43 < 15> 44 - iii -
9 < 1> 38 < 2> 40 - iv -
10 ,.,,,,,, 7,,,,,,,, ,733 6,130. 8, 7, 10, ,. W indow SP S S 10.0 Program,,,,,,, A NOVA, Duncan neth od S ch effe m eth od %. - v -
11 , 13.4%. 13.7% 7.5% %, %.,,,, 12.8%, 12.9%, 4.2%, 1.9%, 2.3% % , (p =.000). Dun can t est 0.05,,,,,.,,,,,, v i -
12 .,., U shape. 6. correlation (p =.000). (p =0.000, p =0.000),. :,,,,. - v ii -
13 1 1.,,.,,. (Gorden, 1979).. (, 1992;, 1993;, 1997;, 1994;, 1996).,.,,,,. (, 1996;, 1998;, 1993).,,, (, 1996).,.,, - 1 -
14 ,,,,,,,,,,, (, 1999).. 12, (, 2000),.,. Alberti Em m on s (1982),.,, (Renni, F ritchie & M eg gie, M ellin g, 1991).,. (, 1991)
15 Cooper sm ith (1976),. Rog er s (, 1987)..,,, (Huizin g a, 1993), (, 1988), (Carv ajal, 1999), (Kin sm an, 1998),,, (M oore, 1997).,. (P apenfu s s, 1983; Klos, 1986), (, 1997). (, 2000),..,
16 ,,.,. 2.? 3. 1). 2). 3). 4). 5). 6)
17 4. 1 ) (, 1998),,,,,,. 2 ) (F en sterh eim, 1975), (2000) ) (Argyle, 1972), Rog enberg (1971) self- est eem scale
18 2 1. (, 1998).,,,, (At w arter, 1992).., (, 1999) , ,, 15 (, 1993). (1992) 68.9%, (1993) 51.6%, (1994) 64.1%, (1997) 41.2%, (1996) 39.2%, (1997) 59.8% ( 61.6%, 57.7% ) %, %, % - 6 -
19 (, 1997)., ( 87.3%, 90.7% ),, 10 (, 1998). 69.1%, 68.0%, 15.2%, 2.0%. 7.5% (, 1997), 5.2% (, 1998), 15.6% (, 1996), %, 28.2%, (1998) 13.7% ( 17%, 8.7% ) %, %, % 2, 3 2 (, 1997).. 8.7%, 15.7%, 1.2%, 3.0% %, 25.0% (, 1998) (1992) %, (1997) 63.8%
20 (, 1996) 74.7%. 99.3%, 89%, 7 5 (, 1992 ;, 1995).,,.,, (W y att.& Durv asula, 1999). (, 1996; Greenberg, 1992). (, 1998; Kin sm an, 1998),... (, 1996)., (S eam ark, 1997),, (W y att & Durv asula, 1999) % , - 8 -
21 (, 1996; M arian, 1999).. (Nathaniel H, 1998) 300 1/ 3, 70%,,,,,, (S eam ark, 1998).,,,. 32.9% (, 1996), (, 1998). (1998) 1, , 4.3, %, 14.3% (, 1995). (, 1995). 13, 14, 53.9% 2, 38.1%. (, 1998) % %, %, %,
22 .. 1, , , (Spitz, 1993), 1, , , (Garlick, In eich en & Hudson, 1993). 30% 50%, 8% 25%, 88.5%.,.,,.,,.,
23 2. (global self- est eem ) (Rogenberg, 1979). M aslow (1954). Gorden (1969), Elkin d W ein er (1978)., (v aluation ). (, 1990).,,. Rog enb erg (1979)., (reflect ed appraisals ),, (social comparision ),, (self attribution ),, (P sy chological centrality ). M ead.. Bem,
24 . (,,, ), (Rogenberg, 1979). Reasoner (1994) 1,000,,.,,. (1990),,..,,,, (Gug gino, 1997). (M oore, 1997).,,, (, 1996).,.,,,,
25 . (, 1987)., (, 1985),,,, (, 1998; Huizing a, 1993; Rosenthal, 1999; Mih am, 1990).,, (, 1997).,.,. (assert ),. F en sterh eim (1972), H er sen Bellack (1976),, (positiv e as sertiv e),,,. 4.,...., (, )
26 .,.,... (F en sterh eim & Baer, 1997).,. (, 1999).,.,... (, 1984;, 1990). Galas si Delo(1974),,, (, 1999).,
27 .. (, 2000)., (sex ) (gen der ).,,,,,,,,,,,., (second people) (disadv ant ag e people) (, 1995).. (1993). (1998 ), (74.6% ) (39.8% ), (30.4% ),,
28 (1998) (75.7% ), (84.3% ), (62.7% ), (58.5% ), (42.2% )., (62% ) (, 1998). P aplau (1977) % 1. 24% - 48%, 25% 70% 0.2% (F ischer, 1996).. (, 1998). W ood (1998),,.. A bm a (1998) 13 2%, %, 1/
29 .. Nancy (1999),,. Brindis (1999),,,,.., (, 1991).,, (, 1996).,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,,
30 ,,,,,...,., (, 1996).,,, (, 1995). (31.6% ) (, 1998;, 1993:, 1995).,
31 3 1.,,,. 2. 4, ,988,902, 2,741 (, ) 1,943 (, ) , ,300 1, ,2 12,700 6,130. 3, 1, 2, (,,,,,, ) 9 (,,,,,,,, ),,. 100,
32 ,, 7,. 63 ( 31, 32 ) ,300, , 96, 63, 128., ,300, 1 6,400, 2 6,300 19,000 6,
33 < 1> 1 x x ( ; ) 3 ( 1, 2) ( 1, 2) x x
34 3. 8, 10, 7, ) Rogenberg (1965) self- est eem scale (1972) , 5, 8, 9, 10, 10 40,. Cronbach ' s = 0.78, ) (2000) 7 3, 1,2,3, 7 21,. Cronbach ' s = 0.524,
35 3 ),,,,.,, 7 7, ,,., , 19,000 12, %. 84, 6, P C W indow SP S S program (v.10.0)
36 1.,,,,,,. 2., A NOVA Dun can m ethod S cheffe m ethod. 3. Chronbach ' s. 4. P ear son correlation
37 4 1. 6, ,579 (25.8% ), 1 1,782 (29.1% ), 2 2,706 (44.1% ), 2826 (46.1% ), 3,304 (53.9% )., 2,437 (39.8% ),, 2,014 (32.8% ). 4,375 (71.4% ) 76 (1.2% ). 2,915 (47.6% ), 3,165 (51.6% ). 5,704 (93.1% ), 7, 490 (8% ), 412 (6.7% )
38 < 2 > n =6 130 ( ) (%) (1) (2) (485.1%) (44.3 %) /
39 2. 1 ) 1634 (26.7% ). 842 (13.7% ). 625 (10.2% ), 1269 (20.7% ), 691 (11.3% ), 359 (5.9% ) 458 (7.5% ).. < 3 > n =6 130 ( ) (%) T otal
40 2 ) 1,950 (31.8% ), 2-3 1,367 (22.3% ),,, (12.9% ), 256 (4.2% ), 117 (1.9% ), 139 (2.3% ) (1.7% ) 102 (1.7% ).., 2-3, 10,,,,, (26.7% )
41 < 4 > (31.8%) 1101 (18.0%) 1640 (26.8%) 1367 (22.3%) 508 (8.3%) 707 (11.5%) 217 (3.5%) 323 (5.3%) 65 (1.1%) 142 (2.3%) 549 (9.0%) 548 (8.9%) n =6130, : (%). 904 (14.7%) 1578 (27.4%) 297 (4.8%) 364 (5.9%) 456 (7.4%) 688 (11.2%) 470 (7.7%) 340 (5.5%) 184 (3.0%) 783 (12.8%) 2689 (47.9%) 522 (8.5%) 327 (5.3%) 435 (7.1%) 335 (5.5%) 269 (4.4%) 153 (2.5%) 788 (12.9%) 3212 (52.4%) 611 (10.0%) 125 (2.0%) 119 (1.9%) 105 (1.7%) 77 (1.3%) 47 (0.8%) 256 (4.2%) 4758 (77.6%) 643 (10.5%) 104 (1.7%) 43 (0.7%) 22 (0.4%) 33 (0.5%) 14 (0.2%) 117 (1.9%) 5134 (83.8%) 663 (10.8%) 102 (1.7%) 42 (0.7%) 26 (0.4%) 22 (0.4%) 12 (0.2%) 139 (2.3%) 5117 (83.5%) 670 (10.9%)
42 (11.1% ) (0.1% ), < 5 > n =6130, : (%) ( ) T otal missing 259 T otal ( 4.03)
43 (17.5% ) (17.0% ), ( 2.55). < 6 > n =6130, : (%) ( ) ( 2.55) T otal missing 1573 T otal
44 5. 1 ),, ,,, A NOVA.000. < 7 > (n =802) (n =598 ) (n =1221) (n =659 ) (n =1574 ) (n =350 ) (m ean SD ) (n =0 ) - (n =433 ) n =6 130, : F s ig *
45 < 8 > (m ean SD ) (n =802) (n =598 ) (n =1221) (n =659 ) (n =1574) (n =350 ) (n =0) - (n =433 ) n =6 130, : F s ig *
46 2 ) Dun can test 0.05,,,,,,. 1, 2, 3. S cheffe m ethod, (p =.000) (p =.000) (p =.040). < 9 > Sig. Group3 Group (*) ,, Group (*), Group 1,, (*) Group 2,, Group3.5422(*) Group3 Group (*) , Group 1,, (*)
47 3 ) Dun can t est 0.05,,,,,,. 1, 2, 3, 4. S cheffe m eth od, (p =.000) (p =.000) (p =.000) (p =.000) (p =.000) (p =.301)
48 < 10> S ig. Group 1,, Group2, Group4 Group3 Group2, Group4 Group3 Group 1,, (*) (*) (*) 8.278E (*) (*) (*) 8.278E Group3 Group4 Group2, Group 1,, (*) (*) Group4 Group3 Group2, Group 1,, (*) (*)
49 6. 1 ),,..,,, 10, U Sh ape , 6-7,
50 < 11> m ean ( SD) ( 4.07) ( 4.03) ( 4.02) ( 4.02) ( 4.01) ( 4.05) ( 4.02) m ean ( SD) ( 4.08) ( 4.18) ( 4.24) ( 4.31) ( 4.25) ( ( 4.03) n = m ean m ean m ean m ean m ean ( SD) ( SD) ( SD) ( SD) ( SD) ( 3.92) ( 3.97) ( 3.95) ( 3.99) ( 4.15) ( 5.51) ( 4.84) ( 4.20) ( 3.92) ( 3.95) ( 3.75) ( 3.88) ( 3.70) ( 3.73) ( 3.67) ( 4.06) ( 4.02) ( 3.98) ( 3.83) ( 3.24) ( 2.70) ( 4.11) ( 3.74) ( 3.95) ( 4.01) ( 4.32) ( 4.52) ( 4.27) ( 4.05) ( 4.09) ( 4.08) ( 4.06) ( 4.11) ( 4.00) ( 4.23) < 1>
51 2 ) 10.,,,,,,, U shape. < 12> m ean ( SD) ( 25.2) ( 2.57) ( 2.46) ( 2.40) ( 2.42) ( 2.46) ( 2.46) n = m ean ( SD) ( 2.62) ( 2.69) ( 2.73) ( 2.78) ( 2.82) ( 2.92) ( 2.84) m ean ( SD) ( 2.50) ( 2.54) ( 2.63) ( 2.72) ( 2.80) ( 2.84) ( 2.78) m ean ( SD) ( 2.39) ( 2.41) ( 2.59) ( 2.70) ( 2.76) ( 2.65) ( 3.09) m ean ( SD) ( 2.53) ( 2.22) ( 2.27) ( 2.53) ( 2.63) ( 3.22) ( 2.87) m ean ( SD) ( 2.20) ( 2.39) ( 2.30) ( 2.32) ( 2.93) ( 3.90) ( 2.61) m ean ( SD) ( 2.43) ( 2.39) ( 2.47) ( 2.46) ( 2.69) ( 2.60) ( 2.84)
52 < 2 >
53 3 ) ANOVA,
54 < 13> s um of s quares df m ean s quare F s ig. Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Between Group * Within Group T otal Between Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * * p 0.05 Within Group T otal Between Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group Within Group T otal Between Group * Within Group T otal
55 4 ) A NOVA.000. < 14 > * p 0.05 s um of s quares df m ean s quare n =6,130 F s ig. Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * Within Group T otal Betw een Group * Within Group T otal
56 7. pearson correlation (p =0.000). < 15 > Pearson Correlation Sig. (2- tailed) Pearson Correlation.155(**) Sig. (2- tailed) ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
57 5, (1,634, 26.7% ). 842 (13.7% ). 7.5% (2000) 4.9% 5-24 (1998), 1.5.,,,.,,., ( 4.03) (2000)
58 ( 4.10), 27.67( 4.13).., ,,,,,, (26.7%, 1,634 ).,. (2000),. ( ) 27.56( 4.10).,
59 ., (1.7% ). Miller (1975) (closenes s ) (, 1995, ).., ,,.,., (Cooper smith, 1981).,,,.,,
60 ,.,.,. (1996),,,,,.,,,,.. (Huizing a, 1993; Mih am, 1990; Rone, 1998; S eam ark, 1998;, 1997;, 1985).. Kaplan (1975) 7 3 3,,, (,, ),,
61 (self est eem m otiv e).,,,, (Rogenberg & Kaplan, 1982).,.,,,..,,,...000, F en sterh eim & Baer (1997), (1997), Galas si & Delo (1974), (2000)
62 7.,,,,. (, 1999).,,.,.,.,
63 6 1..,,,,,, 7,,,,,,,, ,733 6,130. 7, 10, ,. P C SP S S 10.0 P rogram,,,,,,, AN OVA, Duncan m eth od.. 1. (1,634, 26.7% )., 817 (13.4% ). 842 (13.7% ), 458 (7.5% )
64 2. 1,950 (31.8% ), 2-3 1,367 (22.3% ).,,,, %, 12.9%, 4.2%, 1.9%, 2.3% 10. (1.7% ) (p =.000). 6.,,., U shape. (p =0.000, p =0.000),
65 ,,,,,,, %
66 , (1.7% )
67 (1993).,..,,,,,, (1996).., 39 (6), (1995). (1996, 7, 17) (1995.).. (1996).. :. (1984).., 17(1).. (1996).,.. (1992).,,.. (1992)... (1993).,.. (1991)... (1995).., 29 (1), (1996)
68 (1997)., (1995).. :. (1994).,.. (1998).. 3. :. (1998).,,, 28 (3) (1999).. :. (1996) (1990).. (1983)... (1994)... (1993)..., (1991).. :. (1987)... (1998).. :. (1995).., 1(2),
69 (1999) (1993)... (1999)... (1997).. :,,,, (1998).. -, -. :., (1998).. ;. (1995)... (1987)... (1994).,,.. (1990).,.. (1992).. :. (1996)... (1999)
70 (1987)...,,, (2000).. :.,,,,,, (1998),.. (1972)..,, (1991).,, 32(2), (1997). -.., (1991). :., 8, (1996)... :. (1996)... 8 (1999).. ;. (1992)... (1996).. :. (1998).. :. (1999)
71 (1998)., 3. (1985)... (1996) (1995)... Alberti, R. E., & Em m on s, M. L.(1982). Your perfect right (4th ). S an Luis Obispo, CA : Im pact. Argyle, M.(1972). S elf- im age an d S elf - est eem. T he P sy ch ology of Intern ational Behavior. Englan d: Harm ond S w orth At w art er, E.(1992). A dolescence. Englew ood Cliff, New Jer sey : Prentice Hall Cav ajal, S. C., P arcel, G. S., Ban spach, S. W., & Coyle, K. K.(1999). P sy chosocial predict or s of delay of fir st sex ual intercour se by adolescent s. H ealth P sy ch ology, 18 (5), Claire Brin dis (1999). Buildin g for the future: A dolescent pregnan cy prev ention. Journal of Am erical M edical W om en s A ssociation, 54 (3), Coopersm ith, S.(1959). A m ethod for determ ining types of self- est eem. Journal of Abn orm al and S ocial P sy chology, 59, Davis, R. L., T ollestrup, K. & Miham s, S.(1990). T ren ds in t een ag e sm okin g during pregnan cy. W a shington Stat e: 1984 through Am erical Journal of Disease Child, 144, Dick son, N., P aul, C., H erbison, P. & Silv a, P.(1998). F irst sexu al int ercour se: ag e, coercion, an d lat er regret s reported by a birth cohort : BMJ, 316(7124),
72 Elkind, D., & W ein er, I. B.(1978). Dev elopm ent of the child. N ew York :John w ily & son s Inc. F en sterh eim, H., & Baer, J.(1975). Don 't say y es w h en y ou w ant t o say n o. New York : Dell P ublishin g Co. F ischer (1996). Deceptiv e, v erbally coerciv e colleg e m ales. Attitudinal predicters and lies t old. A SB, 25, Galassi, M. D., & Galas si, J. P.(1977). A s sert Your self! : H ow t o be y our ow n per son, N ew York : Hum an S ciences Press. Garlick, R., Ineichen B., & Hudson, F.(1993). T h e UPA score an d teenag e pregnancy. Public H ealth, 107, Gorden, D.(1969). S elf- con ception s m eth odologie, Journal of Nerv ou s & M ental Disorder s, 148, Gorden, S., Scales, P., & Every, K.(1979). T he sexual adolescent ; Communicating w ith t een ag er s about sex. North S cituat e M ass : Duxbury. Greenberg J., M agder, L., A ral, S.(1992). A ge at first coitu s. S ex u ally tran smitted Diseases, 19(6), Gu ggin o, J. M., P onzetti, J. J. Jr.(1997). Gen der difference in affectiv e reaction t o fir st coitu s. Journ al of A dolescence, 20(2), H er son, M. & Bellack, A. S.(1976). ' S ocial skills trainin g for chronic psy chiatric patient s : rationale, research finding and future direction s" Com prehen siv e P sy chiatry, 17(4), http :/ /m yh om e.shinbiro.com/ - grisim/hom e/ sung 4.htm l Huizin ga, D., Loeber, R., & T h ornb erry, T. P.(1993). Lon gitu dinal stu dy of delinqu ancy, drug u se, sex ual activity an d pregn ancy am ong children an d y outh in three cities. Public H ealth Report s, 108 (1),
73 Joy ce, Abm a., A nn e, Driscoll., & Kristin, M oore.(1998). Young W om en ' s Degree of Control. Kaplan, & H ow ard, B.(1975). S equelae of self- derog ation : predicting from a g eneral th eory of deviant behavior : Youth S ociety, 7 (2), Kin sey, A., P om eroy, W., & M artin, C.(1948). S ex ual behav ior in the bum an m ale. Philadelphia : S aun der s. Kin sm an S. B.(1998). Early sex ual initiation : the role of peer n orm s. P ediatrics, 102(5), M arian, F., M acdorm an, Ph D., Jonnae, O. & Atkin son, M. S.(1999). Infant M ort ality st atistics from th e 1997 period linked birth/ infant death data set. National viatal st atistics report, 47 (23), 1-9. M aslow, A. h.(1954). M otiv ation and P er sonality. New York : H arper. Miham, S. Davis, R. L., T ollestrup K.(1990). T rends in t een ag e sm okin g during pregnancy, W ashin gt on stat e: 1984 throuh 1988, Am erican Journal of Disease Child, 144, M oore N. B., & Davidson, J. K. Sr. (1997). Guilt about fir st int ercour se an antecedent of S exu al dissatisfaction am ong college w om an. Journal of S ex & M arital th erapy, 23 (1), N ancy, D. Kellogg, T hom as, J. H offm an, Elizab ath, R. T aylor.(1999). Early sexu al ex periences aim in g pregnant an d parentin g adolescent s. A dolescence, 34 (134), N ath aniel, H. Murdock.(1998). T eenag e Pregnan cy. Journal of n ation al m edical as sociation, 90(3), P apenfu ss, R. L., Curtis, J. D., Beier, B. J. & M en ze, J. D.(1983). T eaching positiv e self con cept s in the classroom. Journal of S chool H ealth, 53,
74 P aplau, L., Rubin, Z., & Hill, C.(1977). S ex ual intim acy in dating relation ships. Journal of S ocial Is su e, 33, Rakos, R. F., & S chroeder, H. E.(1979). Dev elopm ent an d em pirical ev aluation of a self- adm inist ered a ssertiv enes s trainin g program. Journal of Coun sellin g an d Clinical P sy chology, 47 (5), Reasoner, Robert. W.(1994). S elf- esteem a s an Antidote t o Crim e and Violence. ERIC Document Reproduuction Service No. ED, Rennie, F rit chie., & M ag gie, M ellin g.(1991). T he Bu sin ess of assertiv en ess,. :. Rog enberg, M., & Simm on s, R. G.(1971). Black and W hite self- est eem, T he urb an school child, W ashin gt on, Ros M on ograph series, Am erican S ociological association, Rog enberg, M., & Kaplan, H. B.(1982). self - attitu de an d deviant respon ses, in S ocial P sy ch ology of th e self oncept, Arlin gt on Heightes, H arlan Davison Inc, Rog enberg, M orris.(1979). S ociety and the A dolescent S elf- Im ag e: Conceiving the self. New York : Basic B ook, In c. Ron e E. S., Rybicki, L. A., & Durant R. H.(1998). Pregnan cy an d other Risk Behavior s Am ong A dolescent Girls in ohio. Journal of A dolescent Health, 22, Rosenthal, D. A., Smith, A. M., & de Visser, R.(1999). P er son al and S ocial fact or s influ en cin g ag e at first sexu al int ercour se. A chiv es of S ex ual Beh avior, 28 (4), S eam ark, C. J., Denis, J. P. Gray (1997). Like m other, like dau ghter : a g en eral practice study of m at ernal influen ces on t een age pragn ancy. British j ourn al of General Practice,
75 S eam ark. C. J., & Gray D. J.(1998). T een ager and risk - t aking : pregn ancy and sm okin g. British Journ al of General Practice, 48 (427), Spit z A. M., Ventura, S. J., Koonin, L. M., Strau ss, L.T., F ry e, A., H eu ser, R., Sm ith J. C., M orris, L., Smith, S., W in go, P., & M ark s, J. S.(1993). Surv eillance for Pregn an cy and Birth rates, am ong t een ager, by St ate United, MMW R, 42(556), W akin, D.(1978). T he dev elopm ent an d ev alu ation of self esteem m ea suring in strum ent s. Journal of per sonality A ssessm ent, 42, W ood K., M aforth, F., Jew kes, R.(1998). "He forced m e t o lov e him ": Puttin g violence on adolescent sex ual h ealth agenda. S oc. science. M ed, 47 (2), W y att, G., Durv a sula, R. S., Guthrie, D., LeF ran c, E., & F org e, N.(1999). Correlated of S ex u al Behavior. 28 (2),
76 < > < >.. 1.? ? 3.? , /... 7.?...( ) 8. ( )?
77 .. *. * ( ). *. *. *. *. *. *. * *.. ( )? * * * * * * *
78 .?
79 A b s tract Relation ship betw een the level of Sexual Cont act s and Self- Esteem, Self- A ssertiveness of T eenage Girls Who Have or Had Boyfriends. Lee Sun Ky oun g Dept. of Nur sin g T he Graduate school Yon sei Univ er sity T his is a cross - sectional descriptiv e correlation stu dy th at aim ed t o un der st and the relation ship b etw een the lev el of sexu al contact s durin g the dates an d psy cho- social fact or s in t eenage girls w ho hav e or had boyfriends. T h e purpose of this stu dy w as t o describe the relation ship bet w een sexu al cont act s an d self- est eem and self- a ssertiv enes s. T he subject s of the stu dy w ere 6,130 t eenage girls w ho hav e or had boyfriends. T hey w ere select ed convienently 12,733 teenag e girls from 254 secon dary schools locat ed in 7 larg e cities and 9 provinces in Korea. A structured qu estion aire w as u sed it in clu ded it em s on e g en eral characteristics, th e lev els of sexu al contact s, self- est eem an d self- assertiv eness
80 S ev en lev els of sex u al cont act s w ere rated they w er e h olding a hand, puttin g arm s aroun d each oth er ' s sh oulder s, kiss, french kiss, t ou ching breast, pettin g genitalia, an d sexu al int ercour se durin g the dates. S elf- est eem an d self- a ssertiv enes s w ere m easured by the S elf- est eem scale of Rog enberg (1971) an d the qu estionaires dev eloped by S. B. Chan g et al(2000), respectiv ely. T he self- reported qu estionaires w ere collect ed from Oct ober 2, to Oct ober 28, 2000 and an aly zed by u sing SP S S 10.0 P rogram. T he dat a w ere an aly zed by descriptiv e statistics, reliability, One- w ay AN OVA w ith Dun can m ethod & S ch effe m eth od. T he result s of the an aly sis w ere as follow s. 1. An av erag e P ercent ag e of the respondent s w h o hav e (46.1% ) or h ad (53.9% ) boyfriends w a s 48.1% (n =6,130) an d th e m ost com m on sex u al contact during the dat es w as french kiss (26.7%, n =1,634). W hile 7.5% (458) of respon dent s h ad a sex ual int ercour se, 13.7% (842) of respon dent s didn 't hav e any sex ual cont act durin g the dates. 2. Distribution of st arting point of the fir st sex u al cont act dem on strat es th at 1,950 respondent s (31.8% ) h eld partn er ' s han d at th e fir st dat e and 1,367 respondent s (22.3% ) put arm s aroun d each other ' s shoulder s at th e 2n d or 3rd date. S ex u al cont act s su ch as kiss, fren ch kiss, t ou ching brea st, pettin g genit alia, or sex u al int ercour se w ere ex perienced m ostly at th e later than the 10th dat e. H ow ev er, surprisingly large num ber (1.7% ) of respon dent s had genit al contact an d sex ual intercour ses at th e fir st dat e. 3. T he m ean s of self- est eem an d self- assertiv en ess scores of the respondent s w h o hav e or had b oyfrien ds are 27.43( 4.03) and ( 2.55),
81 respectiv ely. T he rang e of scores for self est eem w a s 10-40, 40 w ith m ost self est eem. T he ran ge of scores for self a ssertiv enes s w as 7-21, 21 w ith m ost self a ssertiv enes s. 4. A s sex ual cont act s proceeded, the m ean s of self- esteem an d self- as sertiv enes s v alu es decreased. In detail, th e respondent s hav in g no or light sexu al contacts (kiss, puttin g arm s aroun d each oth er ' s shoulder, holdin g a han d) had sim ilar self- est eem v alu es (p 0.05). H ow ev er, on es having relativ ely int en siv e sexu al cont act s (fren ch kis s, touchin g breast ) show ed significantly low er self- esteem v alu es (p 0.05). S am e trend has been obt ained for self- as sertiv enes s v alue. 5. T h e higher v alues of self- est eem and self- as sertiv en ess v alu es the respondent s h ad, th e lat er they st art ed the m oderate sexu al cont act (kis s, fren ch kiss ) during the dat es. Interestin gly, am on g the respondent s havin g inten siv e sex ual contacts (pettin g genit alia, sex ual int ercour se ) durin g th e dates, th ose w ho ex perienced the su ch cont act s at th e fir st dat e or lat er than 10th dat e h av e higher self- est eem an d self- as sertiv enes s v alues than on es ex perienced the such contacts durin g the 2n d 9th dates, givin g U - shape curv e. 6. T here w a s a significant relation ship bet w een self- est eem an d self- as sertiv enes s in girls w ho hav e or had boyfrien ds (P <.001). In con clu sion, th e research show s that self- est eem an d self- assertiv en ess v alu es are significantly relat ed w ith the sex ual cont act s of the t een age girls w h o hav e or h ad boyfriends. T hese result s stron gly sug gest th at proper sex edu cation program for t een age girls should cont ain the program on
82 im prov in g the self- est eem and self- as sertiv enes s. W e believ e th at sex edu cation program is th e on e of th e best w ay s t o prev ent the un w ant ed sex ual contact s and pregnan cy of teenag e girls. Key w ord : teenag e girls, dat es, the lev el of sexu al contact s, self- est eem, self- assertiv eness
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