DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "DBPIA-NURIMEDIA"

원홍 영
4 years ago
Views:

1 The Effect of Parent Attachment in Adolescent on Internet Addiction Tendency: The Mediating Effects of Emotional Regulation Ability * Seohyeon Kim Yong-In Mental Hospital Jungkyu Kim Department of Psychology Sungshin Women s University The purpose of this study is to examined the mediating effects of emotional regulation ability between parent attachment and internet addiction tendency. Inventory of parent attachment, internet addiction scale, and emotional regulation ability scale were administered to 500 students in middle and high school in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do and data from 422 students were analyzed. The results of this study are summarized as follows : parent attachment showed a positive correlation with emotional regulation ability, whereas parent attachment showed a negative correlation with internet addiction tendency. Emotional regulation ability showed a negative correlation with internet addiction tendency. Finding in structural equation modeling indicated that emotional regulation ability fully mediates the relation of parent attachment and internet addiction tendency. This study suggests that emotional regulation ability is an important factor in relation of parent attachment and internet addiction tendency. The results implicate that it is necessary to evaluate and intervene in emotional regulation ability in prevention and treatment of internet addiction. Keywords: attachment, internet addiction tendency, emotional regulation, adolescent, mediating effect * This paper is taken in part from the master s thesis of the first author, Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women s University Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Seohyeun Kim, Yong-In Mental Hospital, 940, Jungbu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Tel: , psy_shkim@naver.com

2 ,, (Young, 1996) (Internet Addiction Disorder: IAD) Goldberg(1996). Young(1996) DSM-IV,,,,,. Young DSM-IV. DSM-5(American Psychiatric Association, 2013) (Internet Gaming Disorder) < >..,. 2014, 5-54, 6.9%, 5.6%, 12.5%, 5.8%, (Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and Promotion. 2014)., 2011 ( 11)7.9% ( 12) 7.3% ( 13) 6.4% ( 14) 5.6%, ( 11) 6.8% ( 12) 6.0% ( 13) 5.9% ( 14) 5.8% ( 11) 10.4% ( 12) 10.7% ( 13) 11.7% ( 14) 12.5%.,,, (Kim, 2012).,,, (Young, 1996).,, (Lee, Oh, Jo, Hong & Moon, 2001). (Kim, Choi & Yoo, 2010; Ryu, Choi, Seo & Nam, 2004). (Kim, Park, Tak, Kim & Oh, 2013; Lee & Jeon, 2015) (Jo, 2013)..

3 , -,, - - (Kim, Son, Yang, Cho & Lee, 2007). (Lee & Hong, 2011). Yoo(2009),..,..., (Paterson & Pryor, 1994), -.,. Tice, Bratslavsky Baumeister(2001),,. Hopley Nicki(2010). Gottman Katz(1989),,,. (1), (2), (3), (4),,, (5), (6).,

4 (Bowlby, 1988). Sroufe Waters(1977).,,. (Borelli et al., 2010). (Kobak & Sceery, 1988; Sroufe, 2005) (Lee & Jeong, 2003).,,..,...,,,?,? Armsden Greenberg(1987) (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Revised; IPPA-R) Ok(1997). Ok(1997),,,.. (IPPA-R)

5 ,, , 9, 6. Likert 5.. Ok(1997) (Cronbach s α).93, ,.91.. Young(1996) Kim, Lee Oh(2003).,,,,. 20 Likert Young(1998) ,, 80. Kim, Lee Oh(2003) (Cronbach s α).90,.87 (Cronbach s α).90.. Kim(1998) Son(2007), Oh(2010),.,,,, Likert 1-5. Oh(2010) (Cronbach s α).89 (Cronbach s α).89..,,,,,.. (Cronbach s α). Pearson.

6 ., MI(Modification Index) CR(Critical Ratio)., 2 (Bae, 2007).,. sobel. SPSS AMOS (73.6%),, (56.6%) Table 1., Table , , , Young(1998) ,, 80, 86.7%, 13.1%, 0.2% %, (Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and Promotion, 2014). 422,, 240 (56.9%), 182 (43.1%) 215 (50.9%), 207 (49.1%).,, Table 3. (r=-.22 p<.01)

7 Male (N=240) Female (N=182) N % N % Middle school student High school student chatting, messenger SNS, blog Purpose of internet usage study web searching internet shopping game nasty sites other less than 30 minutes minutes - 1 hour Time of internet usage per day 1 hour - 2 hours hours - 3 hours hours - 5 hours more than 5hours variables M SD Range of measuring points Attachment Emotional Regulation Ability Internet Addiction Tendency , (r=-.18, p<.01), (r=-.22, p<.01). (r=.42, p<.01)

8 Attachment father attachment.94 ** mother attachment.94 **.74 ** 1 2. Internet Addiction Tendency -.22 ** -.18 ** -.22 ** 1 3. Emotional Regulation Ability.42 **.38 **.40 ** -.26 ** Self-Awareness.27 **.24 **.27 ** -.12 *.74 ** Managing Emotions.33 **.31 **.32 ** -.19 **.67 **.35 ** Self-Motivation.33 **.31 **.31 ** -.25 **.76 **.45 **.47 ** Empathy.27 **.24 **.28 ** -.17 **.75 **.44 **.41 **.42 ** Handling Relationships.31 **.29 **.30 ** -.19 **.71 **.46 **.24 **.37 **.48 ** 1, (r=.38, r=.40, p<.01). (r=-.26, p<.01). 5 (r=-.25, p<.01).. ( ) ( ) Figure 1 Figure 2. χ² χ². χ² Hong(2000) GFI (Goodness of Fit), CFI(Comparative Fit Index), TLI (Tucker-Lewis Index), RMSEA(Root Mean Squate Error of Approximation). χ²,, Table 4., RMSEA.074 GFI, CFI, TLI.90.,

9 χ² df P GFI CFI TLI RMSEA Full Mediation Model Partial Mediation Model p<.05 (χ²= 3.101, df=1, p<.05).,.. Table 5., Path Unstandardized β S.E. Standardized β C.R. Attachment Emotional Regulation Ability *** Emotional Regulation Ability *** Internet Addiction Tendency Note. S.E. = Standard Error; C.R. = Critical Ratio. *** p <.001.

10 ., Figure 3. β=.509(p<.001), β=-.313(p<.001). sobel test, (Z=-42.31, p<.001).., ,, (r=-.22) (r=.42). (r=-.18), (r=-.22) (r=.38), (r=.40). (r=-.26). (Choi, 2003; Jung, 2010; Kim, 2005). Lee(2009)

11 Ahn(2003) Jung(2005)., Lee, Lee Jang (2013),,., (r=-.25). Goleman(1995),,,, 5,. Goleman(1995),..,., Lee Hong(2011), Lee, Lee Jang(2013), Mok(2004).., No(2008), No(2008)..,,,, (Young, 1996),.

12 .., (Keum, Jung, & Shin, 2015).., Lee(2013),, Lee Kim(2013).,, Kim(2015),.,,...,,,,..,.,,.,..,,,

13 .,.... References Ahn H. Y. (2003). The relationship between internet addiction emotional intelligence and school life adjustment in elementary school students. (Unpublished master s thesis). Dankook University, Yongin, Korea. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5 ). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Pub. Hopley, A. A., & Nicki, R. M. (2010). Predictive factors of excessive online poker playing. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and social networking, 13, Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M.. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, Bae B. R. (2007). Structural equation modeling with amos 17.0: Principles and practice. Seoul: Chungram. Borelli, J. L., Crowley, M. J., David, D. H., Sbarra, D. A., Anderson, G. M., & Mayes, L. C. (2010). Attachment and emotion in school-aged children. Emotion, 10, Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. New York: Basic Books. Choi, M. G. (2003). A study on adolescents' attachment, soothing ability, psychological well-being, and internet addiction. (Unpublished master s thesis). Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. Goldberg, I. (1996). Internet addiction disorder. Retrieved November, 24, 2004 from Goleman, D (1995). Emotional Intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. Gottman, J. M., & Katz, L. F. (1989). Effects of marital discord on young children s peer interaction and health. Developmental Psychology, 25, Hong, S. H. (2000). The criteria for selecting appropriate fit indices in structural equation modeling and their rationales. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 19, Hong, S. H., Park, M. S., Kim, W. J. (2007). Testing the autoregressive cross-lagged effects between adolescents` internet addiction and communication with parents: Multigroup

14 analysis across gender. Korean Journal of Educational Psychology, 21, Hwang, C. S. (2006). Parent and peer attachments of early adolescents and the transition of attachment functions. Studies on Korean Youth, 17, Jo, M. J. (2013). The effects of depression, anxiety, and parents' laissez-faire parenting on internet addiction: Moderating effects of emotional clarity. Korean Journal of Interdisciplinary Therapy, 5, Jo, S. H. (2004). The effects of emotional intensity and emotional clarity on self-destructive behaviors : Focused on binge eating and addictive internet use. (Unpublished master s thesis). Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. Jung, D. W. (2010). The relation of attachment and Internet intoxication of youth. (Unpublished master s thesis). Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea. Jung, K. S. (2005). Relationship of computer game intoxication and computer game use quality, personnel relationship propensity and emotional intelligence of elementary student. (Unpublished master s thesis). Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea. Keum, M. J., Jung, S. H., & Shin, D. K. (2015). Research trend of internet addiction in Korean journal of psychological association. Korean Psychological Association Conference Workbook, 8, 308. Kim, E. J., Lee, S. Y., & Oh, S. K. (2003). The validation of Korean adolescent internet addiction scale(k-aias). Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22, Kim, H. K. (2005). A study on the influence of middle school students' attachment on their human relationship and internet addiction. (Unpublished master s thesis). Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. Kim, H. O. (2015). The effect of experiential emotion regulation strategies on the emotion awareness, emotion regulation, and motives for the change of the internet addicted adolescents. (Unpublished master s thesis). Korea National University, Seoul, Korea. Kim, H. S. (2012). The study on internet addict of juvenile and the solution. Korean Association of Addiction Crime Review, 2, Kim, H. S., Choi, Y. H., & Yoo, S. J. (2010). The study on the relations among egoidentity, stress, and internet addiction in high school students. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19, Kim, K. H.. (1998). Development of emotional intelligence rating scale for preschool children. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. Kim, U. C., Park, Y. S., Tak, S. Y., Kim, J. H., & Oh, M. S. (2012). Analysis of the selfconcept in the cyberspace, self-efficacy, relationship with friends, subjective well-being and academic grade: Comparison of adolescents who are addicted to Internet to non-addicted adolescents. Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issues, 19, Kim, Y. H., Son, H. M., Yang, Y. O., Cho, Y. R., & Lee, N. Y. (2007). Relation between internet game addiction in elementary school students and student's perception of parent-

15 child attachment. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Health Nursing, 13, Kobak, R. R., & Sceery, A. (1988). Attachment in late adolescence: Working models, affect regulation, and representations of self and others. Child Development, 59, Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and Promotion. (2014). A survey on internet addiction. Seoul: Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity and Promotion. Larson, R. W., Richards, M. H., Moneta, G., Holmbeck, G., & Duckett, E. (1996). Changes in adolescents' daily interactions with their families from ages 10 to 18: Disengagement and transformation. Developmental Psychology, 32, Lee, E. B., & Kim, J. K. (2013). The effects of gestalt relationship improvement program (GRIP) on emotional regulation difficulties and behavior problems of school maladaptive adolescents. Korean Journal of Gestalt Therapy, 3, Lee, G. S., & Jeong, N. U. (2003). The difference of affect regulation style and effectiveness according to adult attachment. Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 15, Lee, H. D., & Hong, H. Y. (2011). The relationship between attachment and internet addiction of middle school students: Mediating effects of loneliness. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 18, Lee, J. M., & Kim, C. D. (2013). The effects of experiential interventions using empty-chair dialogue after social exclusion. Korea Journal of Counseling, 14, Lee, J. Y., & Chun, J. S. (2015). The effect of adolescent internet addiction on academic adjustment focused on the mediating effect of emotion regulation. Journal of Youth Welfare, 17, Lee, K. S., Lee, J. Y., & Jang, J. Y. (2013). The mediating effect of fear of intimacy between attachment with parents and addictive use of the internet. Korean Journal of Psychology: General, 32, Lee, M. J. (2009). The influence of face to face communication variables and self traits on adolescents internet addictions - focusing on communication unwillingness, family communication pattern, self efficacy and ego resiliency. Journal of Adolescent Welfare, 11, Lee, M. S., Oh, E. Y., Cho, S. M., Hong, M. J., & Moon, J. S. (2001). An assessment of adolescent internet addiction problems related to depression, social anxiety and peer relationship. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 40, Mok, J. S. (2004). The relationship of internet addiction to attachment, school adjustment and self-control among adolescents. (Unpublished master s thesis). Kyungnam University, Masan, Korea. No, J. J. (2009). Influence of parents-child attachment and family cohesion on adolescents's game addiction. (Unpublished master s thesis). Konyang University, Nonsan, Korea. Ok, J. (1997). The relationship between attachment security and depression in adolescence : Focusing on the mediating effect of perceived competence.

16 (Unpublished master s thesis). Ewha Women University, Seoul. Korea. Oh, J. H. (2010). The effects of gestalt relationship improvement program(grip) on depression, emotion regulation, and school adjustment of depressive middle-school girls. (Unpublished master s thesis). Sungshin Women s University, Seoul, Korea. Paterson, J. E., Field, J., & Pryor, J. (1994). Adolescents' perceptions of their attachment relationships with their mothers, fathers, and friends. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 23, Ryu, E. J., Choi, K. S., Seo, J. S., & Nam, B. W. (2004). The relationships of Internet addiction, depression, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi, 34, Son, K. S. (2007). The development and verification of effect of the emotion regulation competence improving group counseling program for group home children's. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Seoul Women University, Seoul, Korea. Sroufe, L. A., & Waters, E. (1977). Attachment as an organizational construct. Child Development, 48, Tice, D. M., Bratslavsky, E., & Baumeister, R. F. (2001). Emotional distress regulation takes precedence over impulse control: If you feel bad, do it! Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, Yoo, S. H. (2009). The relationship between attachment type and addictive tendency of adult women. (Unpublished master s thesis). Sookmyung Women University, Seoul, Korea. Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology Behavior, 1, Received March 3, 2015 Revised February 7, 2016 Accepted February 11, 2016

17 :,,,. 422,,.,..,...

,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006;

,,.. 400,,,,,,.,,, -, -, -., 3.. :, Tel : 010-9540-0640, E-mail : sunney05@hanmail.net ,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012).