:, : :. 1.., (, 1980). (Mueller, 1985), (, 1983;, 1985)., (asexual being ) (Solberg, Nutler & W agner, 1973; Reamy & White, 1985;, 1995), (Reamy & White, 1985). (Master s & John son, 1996; S olberg et al, 1973; F alicov, 1973; Wilkerson & Bing, 1988; Couningham, MacDonald, Leveno, Gant & Gilsprap, 1993). (Reamy & W hite, 1985), (M aster & John son, 1966). (, 1983), (P erkin s, 1979; Klebanoff, 1984; Wilkerson & Bing, 1988;, 1991).. (, 1983;, 1985) (, 1993).
(Wilkerson & Bing, 1988).,,. 2. J.,.,,,.,. 3. (1),,,,. 1) :,,,,,. 2) :,, 3) :,,,.,. 4) :. (2),,,,,,,. (3),,.. 1.. Master s John son (1966) 101. 52,, (Reamy, White & Daniell, 1982).
, Landis P offerberger (1950) 212 F alicov (1973) 19,,. Solberg (1973) 260,,, 1/ 2, 1/ 4, 1/ 4.. 33 Kenny (1973),,. 30 Lumley (1978). P erkin s (1979) 155,,. Rob son Kum ar (1981) 119,,. (DeGarm o & Davidson, 1976). Masters John son (1966) 101, 20%. P erkins(1982) 155 58%,. (Bing & Colem an, 1980), (Reamy & Whit e, 1982).,.. 50 Hollender McGehee(1974) 75%. Reamy (1982) 52.. (Masters & John son, 1966; F alicov, 1973; Kenney, 1973; Reamy et al, 1982). Goodin, Keller Raffin (1971) 76% 52% 20% 4%. (Masters & John son, 1966).
. Clintob (1986) couv ade syndrom e",,. (Clinton, 1986).,,,,, dm arud (Masters & John son, 1970; Bittm an & Zalk, 1980). (Masters & John son, 1970; Bittm an & Zalk, 1980). 2. (P erkin s, 1979),,,, (, 1988).,,,. (Duv all, 1977;, 1984)., (, 1987).. (Derogatic, 1980).,.,, (Kahn, 1979). Putton W aring (1985),. (Duvall, 1977;, 1986;, 1988). Romm ey (1975). Carroll, Volk Hyde(1985) McCarthy (1985). (Derogatis, 1980), Erik son (1963). (, 1973; Derogais & Meyer, 1979)., (McCloskey, 1976).. (Rubin, 1965). Master s John son (1973). Bressler Lecenderi(1986)
.. 1. 2 J,,,. 2. 1996 2 9 1996 4 10 2 S SR J, 95 J 143 238 44 194. 11.9% 53.1% 35.0%. 3. 1),, 12 8 1. 1 0 0 20. 0.7103. 2) (1988) D.S.F.I.(Derogatis Sexual F unction Inv entory ) 8. 5 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. 8 40. (1988) 0.73256 0.8153. 3) 1,,,,, 13. 4) (1988) 13 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. 13-65. (1988) 0.8154 0.8682. 5) D.S.F.I. (1988) 8, 5 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 8-40. (1988) 0.7884 0.7408. 6) (, 1981;, 1994) 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
17. 4 0, 1, 2, 3 0 51. 0.8154. 4. 1996 2 9 1996 4 10 J. S SR. SP SS/ PC +,,,,. P earson Correlation (multiple regression ).. 1. 22 39 28.5 20 36 26.5. 98.5% 100-150 43.8% 150-200 43.8%. 77.3% 63.8% < 1>. 81.4% 11.9%, 35.0%, 53.1% 29.4%. 94.7%. 89.2% 10.8% 4.1% 5, 2, 1. 6.7%, < 2> < 1> N % 24 8 4.1 25-29 128 66.0 30-34 50 25.8 35-39 8 4.1 3 1.5 73 37.7 118 60.8 50-100 31 16.0 100-150 85 43.8 150-200 50 25.8 200 28 14.4 150 77.3 44 22.7 56 29.3 27 13.9 36 18.6
6 3.1 70 36.1 2 20-24 33 17.0 25-29 135 71.1 30-36 24 11.9 194 100.0 < 2> N % 158 81.4 1 36 18.6 137 70.6 57 29.4 23 11.9 68 35.0 103 53.1 173 89.2 8 4.2 13 6.7 194 100.0 2. 25.8%. 74.2% 1 (21.8% ), 1 (17.5% ), 2-3 (16.5% ), 2-3 (16.0% ), 4 (2.6% ). 25.8% 6%, 22%, 72% < 3>. < 3> N % 4 5 2.6 2-3 31 16.0 1 42 21.8 2-3 32 16.5 1 34 17.5 ( ) 50 25.8 3 6 11 22 36 72 194 100.0 2-3 31.80 1 29% 34.9%., 22 3 13.6%, 69 11 15.9%, 103 36 35.0%. <
4 >.,,. 91.2% < 5-1 >,, 48.5% 27.1%, 21.0%, 3.4%. < 4> N (% ) 2 P 4 2-3 1 2-3 1 1 7 3 2 6 3 22 18.4 0.049 (0.5) (3.6) (1.5) (1.0) (1.5) (11.3) 2 13 20 12 11 11 69 (1.0) (6.7) (10.3) (6.2) (5.7) (5.7) (35.6) 2 11 19 18 17 36 103 (1.0) (5.7) (9.8) (9.3) (8.8) (18.6) (53.1) 5 31 42 32 34 50 154 (2.6) (16.0) (21.6) (16.5) (17.5) (25.8) (100.0) < 5-1> N % 3 1.5 177 91.2 14 7.2 194 100.0 1.5% 2 1 3 3 2 < 5-2 >. < 5-2> N % 2 40 3 60 5 100.0 129 48.5 72 27.1 56 21.0 9 3.4 266 100.0 17.75, 14.89 18.28, 17.98 < 6 >. 99.0%, (95.9% ), (91.8% ), (89.2% ), (87.1% ), (85.6% ).
< 6> F P N M SD 2.023 0.135 19 14.89 1.07 60 18.28 1.01 98 17.98 0.61 117 17.75 0.50 117 < 7 >.,,,. < 7> N (% ) 2 P 4 2-3 1 2-3 1 3 14 16 12 20 22 87 4.64 0.462 (1.6) (7.2) (8.2) (6.2) (10.3) (11.3) (44.8) 2 17 26 20 14 28 107 (1.0) (8.8) (13.4) (10.3) (7.2) (14.5) (55.2) 5 31 42 32 34 50 177 (2.6) (16.0) (21.6) (16.5) (17.5) (25.8) (100.0) 88.2% 6.7%, 1.0% 3.6%, 0.5% 69. 33.0% 67.0%, 2 < 8 >. < 8> N % 171 88.2 13 6.7 2 1.0 7 3.6 69 1 0.5 64 433.0 130 67.0 194 100.0,,,,. 71.1%, 41.2%. 47.4% 37.1%, 14.5%
1.0% < 9>. < 9> N % 138 71.1 56 28.9 80 41.2 114 58.8 28 14.5 72 37.1 92 47.4 2 1.0 194 100.0 3, 2, 1 < 10 >.,,,. < 10> F P N M SD 23 2.55 0.16 1.387 0.252 68 2.32 0.10 103 2.25 0.71 194 2.31 0.54 116 79.3% 78 24.4%. 54.1% 43.3% 6.2% 49.5%. 5.6% 4.1% 3.6% 7.7% < 11 >. < 11> N (% ) 105 (54.1) 11 (5.6) 116 (59.8) 84 (43.3) 8 (4.1) 92 (47.4) 21 (10.8) 3 (1.5) 24 (12.4) 53 (27.3) 25 (12.9) 78 (40.2) 12 ( 6.2) 7 (3.6) 19 (9.8) 41 (21.1) 18 (9.3) 59 (30.4) 158 (81.4) 36 (18.6) 194 (100.0) 2 : 16.28 P : 0.00099
, 76.3% 24.2% 15.5%, 57.2% 3.6% < 12>. < 12> N % 46 23.7 148 76.3 47 24.2 117 60.3 30 15.5 111 57.2 76 39.2 7 3.6 194 100.0 77.8%. 50% 75.3%, 74.2%, dm arud 58.2%, 53.1%. 52.6%. 65 52.26, 4.02, < 13 >, t - < 14 >. < 13> N (% ) 2 P 4 2-3 1 2-3 1 5 15 23 19 17 22 101 6.94 0.23 (2.6) (7.7) (11.9) (9.8) (8.8) (11.3) (52.1) 0 16 19 13 17 28 93 (8.2) (9.8) (6.7) (8.8) (14.4) (47.9) 5 31 42 32 34 50 194 (2.6) (16.0) (21.6) (16.5) (17.5) (25.8) (100.0) < 14> t P N M SD 138 52.49 0.64 0.81 0.418 56 51.55 0.91 80 53.13 0.83 1.45 0.149 114 51.19 0.67 194 52.26 0.52
3.,, >. 20 11.50 < 15 < 15>,,, 20 20 11.5 0.58 0.26 8 40 29.1 3.63 0.28 8 40 28.5 3.57 0.30 72.2%, 51.5%, 36.6%, 25.8%, 6.2%, 3.6%.,,,,,,,,,,. 0.049 5% < 16 >. < 16> t P N M SD 76 10.9 0.4-1.98 0.049 118 11.9 0.3 194 11.5 0.3 32 29.1 < 15 >.,,.,,,,,, < 17 >. 32 28.5 < 15 >. 59.8%.,,,,,,,,,. < 17 >. < 17> (N =138) (N =56) t P M SD M SD 29.4 3.9 28.1 3.4 2.16 0.032 29.5 3.8 27.1 3.12 5.65 0.000 (N =138) (N =56) t P M SD M SD 29.3 3.8 28.9 3.9 0.77 0.441 30.0 3.7 27.6 4.0 4.28 0.000,,
.,,,,. 0.9, < 18 >. < 18>,,, (N =64) (N =130) t P M SD M SD 12.3 3.8 11.1 4.1 2.06 0.041 30.4 3.4 28.4 3.8 3.47 0.001 29.8 3.8 27.6 4.1 3.01 0.003 52.8 6.9 51.9 7.4 0.81 0.418 17.79 6.0 17.81 6.8-0.02 0.985 29.23 28.45,. 4.,,,, Pearson correlation 0.435, 0.404, r 0.199.,, (multiple regression analy sis ) 2 29.16%. 18.88% 10.27% < 20 >. < 19> F P N M SD 23 29.23 0.8 68 28.45 0.5 0.343 0.710 103 28.46 0.4 194 28.5 0.3 < 20> Multiple R (R2) R2 B F P 0.4345 0.1888 0.1888 0.25 0.43 44.69 0.0000 0.5399 0.2916 0.1027 0.35 0.35 39.31 0.0000
.,,. 1.,,,, 91.2% 1.5%. (Landis & Porrenberger, 1950; F alicov, 1973; Solberg et al, 1973; Kenny, 1973; Lumley, 1978; P erkin s, 1979; Rob son & Kum ar, 1981;, 1983;, 1985). 48.5% (1983) 57%, (1985) 63.7%. (1983) 32%, (1985) 8.34% 27.1%..,,,,,. 85.6%,., Ekw o, Gosselink, W oolson, Moaw ard Long (1993) Mueller (1985), W ilker son Bing (1988).. (Mueller, 1985). 41.2% Goodin (1971) 52%. Mast er s John son (1966). Bermant David(1974),,,. 76.3%, 15.5%, 3.6%.
2., 48.5%. 65.5% w wkfaht 77.8%.. 50% 75.3%, 74.2%, 58.2%, 53.1%, 52.6%, 43.8%, 42.3%, 40.7%, 39.2%, 38.7%, 37.6%,,,, 29.4%, 19.6%. 57.5%, 5%. 72.2% 6.2% (1975).. 5 3.63 (1993) 3.4 01%. 8 4.35 Hollender McGehee(1974), Reamy W hite(1982). 56.7%, 7.6% (1993) 44.1%, 11.4%. (1987)., (, 1987), 5%..
5 3.57 (1993) 3.4 (1988) 2.4. (1993) 27, 99% 28.5, 98.5% (1993). (1993) 100% 53.1% Masters John son (1966), F alicov (1973), Reamy W hite(1982) (1993).,, Master s John son (1966), F alicov (1973), Rob son Kum ar (1981), Reamy W hite(1982).,, (1988) (1993),,,,.. 65 52.3... (1988), (1993). 18.88% 10.27% (1993) q 4.0 (1993) 3.8, (1988) 3.72 (1993) (1988). Derogatis (1980), Kahn (1979), Putton W aring (1985), (1987), (1988), (1993). (1987) F rank (1986)...
,.,..,,. J 194 1996 2 9 4 10.. 1. 28.5 150. 2. 81.4% 11.9%, 35.0%, 53.1%. 3.. 48.5%. 4., 99%,,,,,. 17.8 52.3.. 5. 88.1%, 33.0%. 6. 71.1% 41.2%. 7. 4.6%, 2.1%. 8. 20 11.5,. 9. 40 29.1, 40 28.5. 10.,,, 18.88%, 10.27%... 1.,,
. 2.. 1. (1980)..,. 2. (1983).., 13 (1). 22-32. 3. (1973)., :. 4. (1973)..,. 5. (1986)..,. 6. (1995)., :. 7. (1995).., 40(1), 59-63. 8. (1985).., 28 (6), 737-745. 9. (1975).,, 12(2), 335-343. 10. (1991).,, 34 (7). 905-909. 11. (1993)..,. 12. (1993).., 59 (1), 83-93. 13. (1984).. :. 14. (1987).., 30(9), 107-1023. 15. (1988)..,. 16. Bing, E., & Colem an, L.(1980). M arking lov e durin g pregnancy. N ew York : Bant am Book s. 17. Bittm an, S., & Zalk, S. R.(1980). Expect ant F athers. New York : Ballantin e. 18. Bres sler, V. C. & Lav enderi, A. D.(1986). S ex ual fullfillm ent of h erosecual, bisexu al and hom osex ual w om en. Journal of Hom osex, 12(3-4), 109-122. 19. Carroll, J. L., Volk, K. D. & Hy de J. S.(1985). Differen ces bet w een m ales an d ferm ales in m otiv es for en gaging secual int ercour se. Archiv es of S ex ual Behavior, 14 (2), 131. 20. Clint on, J. F.(1986). Ex pect ant father s at rick for couv ade, Nur sing Reasearch, 35, 290-295. 21. Cunnungham, F. G., M acdon ald P. C., Lev eno, K. J., Gant, N. F., Gilsprap, B. C.(1993). W illiam s Ob st etrics (19th Ed ). Applet on & Lang e. 22. DeGarm o, E., & Davidson, K.(1976). P sy ch ological effect s of pregnan cy on th e m oth er, father m arrig e and fam ily. In Current Practice in Ob st etrics and Gynecologic Nur sing, edit er by L. K. M cn all and D. T. Galeen er. St. Louis ; M osby. 23. Derogatis, L. R. & M ey er, J. K.(1979). A p sy ch ological profile of th e sex ual dy sfuntion s. Archiv es of S ex ual Beh avior, 8, 201-223.
24. Duv all, M. E.(1977). M arriag e and family dev elopm ent (5th ed ). Philladelphia ; J. B. Lippincott Company. 25. Erick son, E. H.(1963). Childh ood an d society (2nd ed ). N ew York ; N orton. 26. Ek w o Edem E., Gosselink Carol A., W oolson Robert, M oaw ard At ef, & Long Cynthia R.(1993). Coitu s lat e in pregnan cy. Am erican Journal of Ob st et. Gynecol., 168, 22-31. 27. F alicov, C. J.(1973). S exu al adju stm ent durin g fir st pregnan cy and postpartum, A m erican Journ al of Ob st et. Gyn ecol., 117, 991-1004. 28. F rank, D. L., Dow n w ard, E. & Lan g, A. R.(1986). An drogyny, sexu ality and w om an, Journ al of P sy chosocial Nur sin g m ent al health service, 24 (7), 10-17. 29. F ox, C. A. & Kn og g s, G. S.(1969). M ilk - ejection aticity (oxyt ocin )in peripheral v en ou s bliid in m an durin g lactation an d association w ith coitu s. Journal of En docrin ology, 45, 145. 30. Goodlin, R. C., Keller, D. W., & Raffin, M.(1971). Orga sm during late pregnan cy. ob st et. & Gynecol, 38, 916-920. 31. H ollen der, M. H., & M cgehee, J. B.(1974). T he w ish t o bo h eld durin g pregnan cy. Journ al of P sy chosom atic Research, 18, 193. 32. Kahn, R. L.(1979). A ging and social support. Riley, M. W.(ed )., A ging from Birth to Death, Boulder Co. 33. Kenny, A.(1973). S ex ulity of pregnant an d breast feeding w om en. A rchiv es of S ex ual Behav ior, 2, 215-229. 34. Lan dis, J. T., Proffenberg er, T.(1950). T he effect s of fir st pregnan cy upon the sex ual adju stm ent of 212 couples. Am erican S ociological Review, 15, 766. 35. M ast er s, W. H., & John son, V. E.(1966). Hum an S ex u al Respon se. Bost on ; Little Brow n Com pany. 36. M ccathy, B. W.(1987). Dev eloping positiv e intim acy cognition in m ales w ith a history of n onintim at e sex ual ex perience. Journ al of S ex M arit al T herapy, 13 (4), 253-259. 37. M u eller, L. C.(1985). Pregn an cy and Suculity. Journ al of Ob st etric Gy ecologic N eon at al Nur sing, 289-294. 38. P erkin s, R. P.(1979). S ex ual behav iors and respon se in relation t o com plication s of pregn ancy. Am erican Journ al of Obtetrics Gynecology, 134, 498. 39. P erkin s, R. P.(1982). S exulity in pregn acy W hat determ ines behav ior? Ob strics & Gyn ecology, 59, 189. 40. Putt on, D. & W arin g, E. M.(1985). S ex and M arrital Intim acy. Journ al of S ex M arrital T h erapy, 11(3), 176-184. 41. Reamy, K., W hite, S. E., Daniell, W. C.(1982). S ex uality and pregnan cy. Journ al of Reprodu ction M edicine, 27, 321-327. 42. Ream y, K. W. & Su san E. W.(1985). S exulity in pregn ancy and puerperium, Ob st etrical and Gynecological Surv ey, 40(1), 1-13. 43. Rub son, K. M.,& Kum ar, R.(1981). M at ernal S ex ualith. British Journal of Ob stetrics Gyn ecology, 88, 882. 44. Rom n ey, L. S.(1981). Gynecology an d Ob st etrics ; T he Health Care of W om an (2n d
E d). New York ; M cgraw - Hill Book Com pany. 45. Rubin, I.(1965). S exu al Life Aft er Six ty, New York & : Basic Book s Inc. 46. S olberg, D. A. But er, J., & W agn er, N, N.(1973). S ex ual b ehavior in pregn an cy. New E nglan d Journal of M edicine, 288, 1098-1103. 47. W ilker son, N. N. & Bin g, E.(1988). Childbirth E ducation, Philadephia : W. B. S aun ders Com pany. - A b s t rac t - K ey W ord : pre g nancy, s ex ual lif e A s tu dy on S ex u al Life During Pre g n ancy Kim, Yun M i R.N.,M.S. P ark, Youn g S ook R.N.,Ph.D. R.N.,M.S.: part - tim e In structor, College of Nur sing, S eoul Nation al Univ ersity R.N.,Ph.D.: Professor, Colleg e of Nur sin g, S eoul N ation al univ er sity A Pregnancy is the w om en ' s norm al phy siological and developm ental process, in which m any psychological changes including sexual problem s alw ay s occur. But there hav e been few guidelines on sexual life during pregnancy. S o this study w as perform ed t o evaluate the sexual life of pregnant w om en, and to analyze the factors affecting satisfaction of sexual life during pr egnancy. Questionnaires w ere given to pregnant w om en w ho visited tw o general hospit als for antenatal care as w ell as t o attendant s at a prenat al Lam aze class. T he result s w ere as following s : 1) T he average age of the 194 pregnant w om en w as 28.5 year s ; 98.4% of them had educat ed m ore than 12 year s. ; the average m onthly incom e w as about 15,000,000 w on ; primigravida w om en w ere 81.4% of the total cases. 2) A s the pregnancy progressed, the frequency of the sexual intercour ses w as decreased in 48.5% becau se of the anxiety on the fetal dam ages. T he w as no significant differences betw een frequency of sexual int ercour ses and the degr ees of phy sical discomfort and spou se intim acy. M an superior position w as taken in 88.1% ; the incidence of orgasm s before and during pregnancy w ere 71.1% and 41.1%, respectiv ely ; the incidence of painful sexual intercour se in primigravida w om en w as decreased by pregnancy in 4.6%, and in the case of multigravida w om en it w as increased in 2.1%. 3) T he av erage point of sexual knowledge w as 11.5 in total points of 20 ; that of sexual
attitude w as 29.1 in t otal point s of 40 ; that of sexual satisfaction w as 28.5 in perfect s point s of 40. 4) T he factor s which significantly related to the satisfaction of sexual life w ere spou se intim acy, sexual attitude, change of sexual body position during pregnancy, and the orgasm s before and during pregnancy. Con sidering above result s, nursing care and nur sing interv ention including sexual education and coun selling program s are needed during pregnancy as w ell as before pregnancy.