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BY-FDP-4-70.hwp

๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋กœํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์„œ ๊ฐœ์š”

์ œํ’ˆ ์†Œ๊ฐœ ๋ฐ ํŠน์ง• ์ œํ’ˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ์ฃผ์˜์‚ฌํ•ญ ๋ณธ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ƒ์‹œ์˜ ์˜์ƒ๊ณผ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ์ €์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์›์ธ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„ ์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์šฉ ์˜์ƒ ๊ธฐ๋ก ์žฅ์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.! ๋ณธ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ค๋ช…์„œ์— ๋ช…์‹œ๋œ ์‚ฌ ํ•ญ ์™ธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ

PowerPoint Presentation

Microsoft PowerPoint - etri-asic_design_intro

A New Equivalence Checker for Demonstrating Correctness of Synthesis and Generation of Safety-Critical Software

Transcription:

๋””์ง€ํ„ธํšŒ๋กœ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธํšŒ๋กœ ๋””์ง€ํ„ธํšŒ๋กœ๊ตฌํ˜„ dolicom@naver.com http://blog.naver.com/dolicom

๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ

๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ (Logic gate) ๋˜๋Š” ๋กœ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ 2 ์ง„์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š”๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ (logic circuit) ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 2 ๊ฐœ์ด์ƒ์˜์ž…๋ ฅ๋‹จ์ž์™€ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜์ถœ๋ ฅ๋‹จ์ž ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ : AND OR NOT ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ EOR NAND NOR๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ์กฐํ•ฉ

๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์˜์ข…๋ฅ˜ - ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์˜์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ AND OR NOT X Y S X S X Y S

๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์˜์ข…๋ฅ˜ - ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์˜์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ XOR NAND NOR X Y S X Y S X Y S

๋ฒ„ํผ (buffer) ๋ฒ„ํผ (buffer) buffer X S OE X S OE X S X S OE X S Z Z OE X S Z Z

์กฐํ•ฉ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ (half adder) 2๋น„ํŠธ์˜์‚ฐ์ˆ ๋ง์…ˆ์„ํ•˜๋Š”๋กœ์ง ์ž…๋ ฅ ์ถœ๋ ฅ X Y S C

์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ (full adder) ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ (full adder) ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ (f ll dd ) ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ (full adder) ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜ 2 ์ง„์ˆ˜ X, Y ์™€์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ฌ๋ฆผ์ˆ˜ C ์„ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ 3 ๋น„ํŠธ๋ฅผ๋”ํ•˜๋Š”์กฐํ•ฉ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ์ž…๋ ฅ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ž…๋ ฅ์ถœ๋ ฅ X Y C S C

๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ ADDER ๋‘๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ๋”ํ•˜๋Š”ํšŒ๋กœ๋Š”๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. y y7 x7 y y6 x6 y x y y x c7 ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ c6 ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ c5 c... c ์ „๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์‚ฐ๊ธฐ s7 s6 s s

๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ์˜๊ตฌํ˜„

๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ์˜๊ตฌํ˜„๊ณผ์นฉ์˜์ข…๋ฅ˜

TTL ๊ณผ CMOS ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ „์••

74LS54 ํ•€๊ตฌ์กฐ

์ˆœ์ฐจ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ ํด๋Ÿญ (Clock)

Clock ๋””์ง€ํ„ธํšŒ๋กœ์˜์ˆœ์ฐจ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ์˜๋™๊ธฐ ( ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์  ) ์„๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค. Clock ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ๋Š”์กฐํ•ฉ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ์˜์•ˆ์ •ํ™”๋˜๊ณ ์—์ง€์‹œ์ ์—์„œ์ƒํƒœ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค. CPU ๋ฐ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜๋””์ง€ํ„ธํšŒ๋กœ์—์„œ๋Š”ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. Timer ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์€๋””์ง€ํ„ธํšŒ๋กœ์˜์นด์šดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ชจ๋“ˆ์ด๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š”๋ชจ๋‘์ดํด๋Ÿญ์„์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํด๋Ÿญ์˜๋ชจ์–‘ ํด๋Ÿญ์€ ๊ณผ ์ด๊ฐ™์€์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋œ๋‹ค. CPU๋Š”๋“€ํ‹ฐ (Duty) 5% ํด๋Ÿญ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ณผ ์„๋ณ€ํ™”ํ• ๋•Œ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค. ์ˆœ์ฐจํšŒ๋กœ๋Š”์ฃผ๋กœํด๋Ÿญ์˜ ๊ณผ ์˜๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์  ( ์—ฃ์ง€ ) ์—์„œ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”๋™๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค.

์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜๋ฐœ์ง„ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ˆ

ํด๋Ÿญ์˜์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ˆ˜์ •๋ฐœ์ง„์ž ( Quartz Crystal Oscillator) CPU ๋‚ด์˜๋ชจ๋“ ๋™์ž‘์€์ดํด๋Ÿญ์—๋งž์ถ”์–ด๋™์ž‘ C2 3pF C ๋ฐœ์ง„ํšŒ๋กœ 3pF GND CPU

์™ธ๋ถ€ํด๋Ÿญ์„์‚ฌ์šฉ ์™ธ๋ถ€์—์„œ์™„์ „ํ•œํด๋Ÿญ์„๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์‚ฌ์šฉ Vcc CPU ํด๋Ÿญ XTAL ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€์•Š์Œ XTAL2 ๋ฐœ์ง„ํšŒ๋กœ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€์•Š์Œ GND CPU

์ˆ˜์ •๋ฐœ์ง„์ž๋ถ€ํ’ˆ Quartz ์ˆ˜์ • ์ „๊ทน ์ „๊ทน 2 ๊ธฐํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ชจ์–‘

์ˆœ์ฐจ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ ์ˆœ์ฐจ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ

๋ž˜์น˜ (latch) ๊ธฐ์–ต์žฅ์น˜ : ์ž…๋ ฅ์—์˜ํ•ด์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€์ „ํ™˜๋˜๊ธฐ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ 2 ์ง„์ƒํƒœ์œ ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์žฅ์น˜ : ์ž…๋ ฅ์—์˜ํ•ด์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€์ „ํ™˜๋˜๊ธฐ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ 2 ์ง„์ƒํƒœ์œ ์ง€ SR ๋ž˜์น˜ - NOR ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์ด์šฉ

๋ž˜์น˜ (latch) ๊ธฐ์–ต์žฅ์น˜ : ์ž…๋ ฅ์—์˜ํ•ด์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€์ „ํ™˜๋˜๊ธฐ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ 2 ์ง„์ƒํƒœ์œ ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์žฅ์น˜ : ์ž…๋ ฅ์—์˜ํ•ด์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€์ „ํ™˜๋˜๊ธฐ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ 2 ์ง„์ƒํƒœ์œ ์ง€ SR ๋ž˜์น˜ - NAND ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์ด์šฉ

์ˆœ์ฐจํšŒ๋กœ (Sequence Circuit) G S G R Q Q

D ๋ž˜์น˜ (latch) ๋‘๊ฐœ์˜์ž…๋ ฅ : D(data), C(control) ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์ €์žฅ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ D Q C Q

DFlip-flop D Q CLK Qnext D Q X,, Q : ์ƒํƒœ์œ ์ง€ X > CLK Q X,, Q : ์ƒํƒœ์œ ์ง€ X

74LS74A

8 ๋น„ํŠธ D ๋ž˜์น˜ (latch) ๋ฒˆํ•€ G ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋•Œ๋ชจ๋“ ์ž…๋ ฅ D ๊ฐ€๋ž˜์น˜์—์ €์žฅ๋œ๋‹ค ๋ฒˆํ•€ G ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋•Œ๋ชจ๋“ ์ž…๋ ฅ D ๊ฐ€๋ž˜์น˜์—์ €์žฅ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆํ•€ OutputControl ์ด ์ผ๋•Œ์ €์žฅ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ Q ์—๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.

8 ๋น„ํŠธ D ํ”Œ๋ฆฝํ”Œ๋กญ (Flip-flop) ๋ฒˆํ•€ CLOCK ์ด ์ด๋ฉด๋ชจ๋“ ์ž…๋ ฅ D ๊ฐ€์ €์žฅ๋œ๋‹ค ๋ฒˆํ•€ CLOCK ์ด ์ด๋ฉด๋ชจ๋“ ์ž…๋ ฅ D ๊ฐ€์ €์žฅ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆํ•€์ด ์ด๋ฉด๋ชจ๋“  Q ์˜์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด๋ฐ˜์˜๋œ๋‹ค.

Binary Counter

๋…ผ๋ฆฌํšŒ๋กœ์˜ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ PLD PAL/GAL ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจํˆด

PLD ๋ชจ๋“ ์กฐํ•ฉํšŒ๋กœ๋Š” AND, OR, NOT ์˜๊ธฐ๋ณธ๋กœ์ง์œผ๋กœํ‘œ์‹œํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจํ• ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค. PAL : AND ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจํ•˜๊ณ  OR ๋ฐฐ์—ด์€๊ณ ์ •. ํ•œ๋ฒˆํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉดํšŒ๋กœ๋ฅผ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€์ˆ˜์—†๋‹ค. GAL : PAL ๊ณผ๊ฐ™์€๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ํ•˜๋‚˜์žฌํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๊ฐ€๋Šฅ.

PAL ๊ตฌ์กฐ Y = A B + BC + ABC = AB(C+!C) + (A+!A)BC +ABC = ABC + AB!C + ABC +!ABC + ABC =!ABC + AB!C + ABC PT + PT + PT2 PT =!A B C => F F2 F4 PT = A B!C => F6 F8 F PT2 = A B C => F2 F4 F6 PT : XOOXOX => PT : OXOXXO => PT2 : OXOXOX => O : fuse ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ X: ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์•ˆ๋จ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ๋กœ์ž…๋ ฅ

PLD 2 SPLD (Simple Programmable Logic) PAL๊ณผ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ๊ตฌ์กฐ. ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์ˆ˜๋Š”์•ฝ 2๊ฐœ์ •๋„. CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ๊ตฌํ˜„์„์œ„ํ•œ Embedded Array Block์„๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค. FPGA(FieldProgrammableGateArray) Programmable Gate Array) PLD์˜๋ธ”๋ก๊ฐ„์˜์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์— Array๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ Row๊ตฌ์กฐ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ์˜์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์ด๋งŽ๋‹ค.

PAL/GAL PAL 6L8 GAL 22V

PAL/GAL ์นฉ

PAL/GAL ์˜ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š”ํŒŒ์ผ์„๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. PLD ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ๋Ÿฌ๋กœ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํ‘œํ˜„์„ PAL/GAL์—์“ธ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋„๋ก JED ํŒŒ์ผ์„๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„๋กฌ๋ผ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ PAL/GAL ์—์“ด๋‹ค. ( ๋ณดํ†ต๋กฌ๋ผ์ดํ„ฐ์—์“ฐ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฝ๋Š”๋‹ค ๋ผํ•จ ) PCB ์žฅ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณ ๋™์ž‘์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค. ์œ ํ‹ธ๋ฆฌํ‹ฐ ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ๋Ÿฌ : PALASM, WinCUPL(Atmel), ABEL ๋กฌ๋ผ์ดํ„ฐ : ์žฅ์น˜๋ฐ๋ผ์ดํ„ฐํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ( ๊ตฌ์ž… )

;PALASM Design Description ;--------- ์„ ์–ธ๋ถ€ (Declaration Segment) ------------------- TITLE PAL/GAL TUTOR.PDS ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ˆ PATTERN A REVISION. AUTHOR J.ENGINEER COMPANY ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES DATE //9 CHIP DECODER PAL6L8 PALASM ์˜ˆ ;-------- ํ•€์ •์˜ (PIN Declarations) ----------------------- PIN 2 X COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT PIN 3 Y COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT PIN 4 Z COMBINATORIAL ; INPUT PIN GND ; INPUT PIN 2 A COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 3 B COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 4 C COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 5 D COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 6 E COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 7 F COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 8 G COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 9 H COMBINATORIAL ; OUTPUT PIN 2 VCC ; INPUT ;------- ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ •์˜ (Boolean Equation Segment) --------------- EQUATIONS /A = /X * /Y * /Z /B = /X * /Y * Z /C = /X * Y * /Z /D = /X * Y * Z /E = X * /Y * /Z /F = X * /Y * Z /G = X * Y * /Z /H = X * Y * Z

;----------- Simulation Segment ------------ SIMULATION PAL/GAL ์˜ˆ TRACE_ON X Y Z A B C D E F G H SETF /X /Y /Z CHECK /A B C D E F G H SETF /X /Y Z CHECK A /B C D E F G H SETF /X Y /Z CHECK A B /C D E F G H SETF /X Y Z CHECK A B C /D E F G H SETF X /Y /Z CHECK A B C D /E F G H SETF X /Y Z CHECK A B C D E /F G H SETF X Y /Z CHECK A B C D E F /G H SETF X Y Z CHECK A B C D E F G /H TRACE_OFF ;--------------------------------------

Name SimSch; Partno atf22vc; Date 24/6/2; Rev ; WinCUPL Designer SongSukChun; Company icom; Assembly None; Location None; Device g22v; ํšŒ๋กœ์˜ˆ /****************************************************************/ /* Test simple circuit */ /****************************************************************/ /** Inputs **/ Pin 2 = IN; /* Input pin */ Pin [5..7] = [A..3]; /* Input vector */ /** Outputs **/ Pin 4 = OUT; /* Output */ Pin [7..9] = [O..3]; /* Output vector */ /* Perform 4, -bit, additions and keep the final carry */ OUT = IN & A & A2 & A3 #!IN &!A &!A2 &!A3; O = A &!A2 &!A3; O2 =!A & A2 &!A3; O3 =!A &!A2 & A3;

WinCUPL ํˆด

CUPL(WM) 5.a Serial# 689 Device g22v Library DLIB-h-4- Created Tue Jun 22 5:39:59 24 JED ํŒŒ์ผ Name SimSch Partno atf22vc Revision Date 24/6/2 Designer SongSukChunS Company icom Assembly None Location None *QP24 *QF5892 *G *F *L244 *L276 *L228 *L224 *L288 *L292 *L2944 *L2976... *L5792 *L5824 *L5856 *C35E2 *E775 JEDEC ํŒŒ์ผ ์ปดํŒŒ์ผ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

PLD ํŒŒ์ผ์—์„œ์˜๋…ผ๋ฆฌํ‘œํ˜„ PALASM ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ /A = /X * /Y * /Z /B = /X * /Y * Z AND * OR + NOT / WinCUPL ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ OUT = IN & A & A2 & A3 AND #!IN &!A &!A2 &!A3; OR NOT ํ‘œํ˜„ & #!