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한국간혞교육학회지제 22 권제 2 혞, 206 년 5 월 J Korean Acad Soc Nurs Educ Vol.22 No.2, 9-20, May, 206 http://dx.doi.org/0.5977/jkasne.206.22.2.9 상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동 하은혞 ) 현겜순 2) 조진영 ) 서론 연구의필요성의료Ʞꎀ의겜제적얎렀움곌질환의복잡성및닀양성윌로간혞업묎의강도가슝가되었음에도불구하고환자안전곌간혞의질에대한볎슝은의료Ʞꎀ읎핎결핎알할죌요사안읎닀 (Raeissi, Reisi, & Nasiripour, 205; Toghian, Ahrari, & Alikhah, 204; Waeschle, Bauer, & Schmidt, 205). 읎는의료Ʞꎀ을방묞한환자와가족듀몚두안전한환겜에서의료서비슀가제공되Ʞ륌Ʞ대하Ʞ때묞읎닀 (Kim, Kang, An, & Sung, 2007). 귞러나입원환자의 3~4% 에서여전히의료사고와ꎀ렚된부작용사례가볎고되고있윌며, 귞쀑 25~50% 는사전예방읎가능한사례로추정된닀 (Waeschle et al., 205). 환자안전을위협하는의료사고는환자, 볎혞자는묌론지역사회로부터의의료진에대한불신뿐만아니띌병원의재정적부닎을쎈래할수있얎 (Singer, Lin, Falwell, Gaba, & Baker, 2009) 직종, 직위륌막론하고병원종사자몚두의지속적읞ꎀ심곌녞력읎필요하닀 (Ulrich & Kear, 204). 따띌서환자안전은손상윌로부터환자륌볎혞하는것읎죌목표읎며, 사고륌예방하는활성화된의료전달첎계와싀수로부터배우는학습묞화형성은환자안전목표달성정도륌확읞할수있는쀑요한요소읎닀 (Stevanin et al., 205). 믞국은환자및병원안전을싀현하Ʞ위핎정확한환자확읞, 횚윚적의사소통, 안전한투앜, 임상겜볎시슀템강화, 감 엌및낙상예방등을목표로하고있윌며, 읎륌위핎병원에서제공되는몚든의료서비슀는환자에게안전적 (safe) 읎고, 횚곌적 (effective), 환자쀑심적 (patient-centered), 시Ʞ적절 (timely) 하여알하며, 횚윚적 (efficient) 읎고, 공정 (equitable) 핎알핚을강조하고있닀 (Ulrich & Kear, 204). 우늬나띌는 2007년의료Ʞꎀ평가 2죌Ʞ륌Ʞ점윌로병원의안전ꎀ늬에대한평가륌볞격적윌로시작하였고 200년의료법개정곌핚께의료Ʞꎀ평가읞슝제도륌도입하여환자안전및병원안전싀천에박찚륌가하고있닀 (Hwang et al., 204). 안전한병원환겜의구축곌의료사고에대한개방적읞녌의륌허용하는병원의안전묞화조성은 (Kim et al., 2007; Kim & Kim, 202) 병원종사자듀의병원안전활동곌양의상ꎀꎀ계가있윌며병원의조직성곌및환자결곌에도Ɥ정적영향을믞친닀 (Duff, 203; Hofmann & Mark, 2006; Ulrich & Kear, 205). 의료사고볎고에대한병원의비징벌적태도및싀수륌수용하는ꎀ늬자의태도는병원종사자듀의안전활동 ( 환자안전ꎀ늬, 환겜안전ꎀ늬, 볎안및재난ꎀ늬, 감엌ꎀ늬등 ) 에대한자아성찰및비판적사고륌독렀하고안전활동읎바람직한방향윌로나아갈수있도록선도하여병원낎안전사고윚을감소시킬수있닀 (Kear & Ulrich, 205; Raeissi et al., 205). 귞러므로병원종사자듀의안전묞화에대한올바륞읞식은성공적읞안전활동의쎈석읎될수있윌며, 성공적읞안전활동은새로욎안전묞화륌찜조하는데Ʞ쎈륌제공하므로안전묞화와안전활동은선순환의ꎀ계로지속될수밖에없닀 (Hemmat, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, Mehrabi, & Zayeri, 205). ê·ž 죌요얎 : 읞식, 병원, 환자, 안전, 종사자 ) 쀑원대학교의료볎걎대학간혞학곌, 조교수 2) 의료Ʞꎀ평가읞슝원, 전닎조사자 ( 교신저자 E-mail: gusrudtns@hanmail.net) Received: January 24, 206 Revised: April, 206 Accepted: April 2, 206 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월 9

하은혞왞 러나병원낎안전묞화와안전활동읎의사와간혞사쀑심윌로진행되고있는 (Choi, Lee, & Lee, 200; Park, Kang, & Lee, 202) 현시점에서병원낎의료지원부서, 행정및시섀ꎀ늬직원듀의귞늇된판닚곌행동윌로읞핎안전사고가발생할수있음 (Yoon, Kim, & Wu, 204) 을고렀한닀멎병원종사자듀몚두륌포핚한안전묞화및안전활동강화는필수적읎닀 (Hemmat et al., 205; Singer et al., 2009). 특히병원안전묞화및안전활동에대한병원종사자듀간의정볎공유는안전묞화와안전활동을Ɥ정적읞방향윌로읎끌얎낌수있는잠재적가치가있닀 (Singer et al., 2009). 따띌서볎걎직, 행정직은묌론정규직, 비정규직을쎝망띌한전첎병원종사자듀의안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌조사하고귞결곌에따띌첎계적읎고표쀀화된병원안전교육프로귞랚을적용하는것읎환자및직원안전을볎장할수있는전략읎될수있닀. 읎는귌묎부서, 귌묎형태, 업묎형태에따띌낎제된안전묞화읞식정도의찚읎가있을수있고안전활동정도또한닀륌수있Ʞ때묞읎닀. 지ꞈ까지의병원안전묞화또는안전활동곌ꎀ렚된선행연구륌삎펎볎멎병원간혞사 (Choi et al., 200; Kim et al., 2007; Park et al., 202), 군병원간혞사 (Hwang et al., 204), 간혞사와치위생사 (Kim & Kim, 202) 또는요양시섀싀묎종사자 (Yoon et al., 204; Yoon, Kim, & Kim, 203) 쀑심윌로읎룚얎졌을뿐닀양한직종의병원종사자듀을대상윌로한연구는읎룚얎지지않았닀. 우늬나띌상꞉종합병원은 204년Ʞ쀀 43개로읎쀑 7개의료Ʞꎀ읎서욞 (Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service [HIRA], 204) 에위치핎있윌며, 읎듀의료Ʞꎀ은병원및환자안전곌의료서비슀질향상을위핎정부에서읞슝하는의료Ʞꎀ읞슝제에자발적윌로찞여하고있닀. 읎에, 볞연구는 2죌Ʞ의료Ʞꎀ읞슝평가륌앞둔상꞉종합병원의종사자듀을대상윌로병원안전묞화정도와안전활동정도륌분석하여읞슝평가쀀비정도륌점검하고, 병원종사자듀의안전활동에믞치는영향요읞을분석하여귞결곌륌토대로병원및환자안전슝진을위한교육프로귞랚개발의Ʞ쎈자료로제공하고자한닀. 연구목적 병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동곌의상ꎀꎀ계륌분석한닀. 상꞉종합병원종사자듀의안전활동에믞치는영향요읞을알아볞닀. 용얎정의 상꞉종합병원종사자상꞉종합병원읎란쀑슝질환에대하여난읎도가높은의료행위륌전묞적윌로행하는종합병원가욎데소정의요걎을갖추고, 볎걎복지부장ꎀ읎지정하는제 3찚의료꞉여Ʞꎀ (HIRA, 204) 윌로상꞉종합병원귌묎자란상Ʞ에핎당되는의료Ʞꎀ에종사하는자듀을말한닀. 볞연구에서는 S시 K병원에서음하는의료진을포핚한볎걎직, 행정직, 시섀ꎀ늬직몚두륌의믞한닀. 병원안전묞화병원안전묞화란환자및병원직원듀의손상을예방하Ʞ위한병원종사자듀의낎재화된공동의가치와믿음을바탕윌로한개별적, 조직적읞행동팚턎을의믞하는것윌로안전활동의귌거가되는풍토륌말한닀 (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality[AHRQ], 2004; Singer et al, 2009). 볞연구에서는 AHRQ (2004) 에제시된항목을Ʞ쎈로한병원종사자듀의병원안전묞화에대한읞식을의믞한닀. 병원안전활동병원안전간혞활동읎란환자안전을슝진시킀Ʞ위핎행핎지는간혞활동을의믞한닀 (Park et al., 202). 볞연구에서는 20년의료Ʞꎀ읞슝조사Ʞ쀀집을귌거로한병원종사자듀의전반적읞병원안전활동을의믞한닀. 연구방법 연구섀계볞연구는병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌파악하고, 병원종사자듀의안전활동에믞치는영향요읞을확읞하Ʞ위한서술적조사연구읎닀. 볞연구의목적은 2죌Ʞ의료Ʞꎀ읞슝평가륌앞둔상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌귞에따륞안전활동을알아볎고병원종사듀의안전활동에영향을믞치는요읞을분석하는것읎며구첎적읞목적은닀음곌같닀. 상꞉종합병원종사자듀의병원안전묞화읞식및안전활동정도륌알아볎고음반적특성에따륞찚읎륌분석한닀. 연구대상볞연구의대상자는 S시에위치한 K병원에귌묎하고있는의료읞, 볎걎직, 행정직, 시섀ꎀ늬직에종사하는 33명의병원종사자듀을대상윌로싀시하였닀. 연구대상자수는 G*Power 3..3을읎용하여산출했윌며, 닀쀑회귀분석을위한쀑간정도 92 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월

상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동 의횚곌크Ʞ.5, 검정력 (-β).80, 양잡검정유의수쀀 (α).05, ꎀ렚변읞의수륌 3개로하여산출한최소표볞의수가 3 명윌로제시되었윌나볞연구의대상자가병원종사자듀임을고렀하여대상자륌제한하지않았닀. 귞결곌섀묞지응답자 33명쀑불완전한응답, 섀묞쀑도거부로사용읎얎렀욎 0 부륌제왞한쎝 303부의자료륌분석에사용하였닀. 연구도구 원의료Ʞꎀ평가조사자의도움을받아 K병원을방묞하여간혞부장및각부서장에게연구의목적곌방법을섀명하고구두로허띜을받은후진행하였닀. 자료수집은 204년 3월 2음부터 4월 30음까지로하였윌며선정Ʞ쀀에부합되는대상자에게연구목적에대핎충분히섀명하고, 읎에자발적윌로동의한자에게서멎동의륌구한후구조화된섀묞지륌읎용하여섀묞조사륌시행하였닀. 섀묞지는대상자가직접작성하도록섀명하였고소요된시간은 30분낎왞였닀. 병원안전묞화읞식병원안전묞화읞식을잡정하Ʞ위핎 AHRQ (2004) 에서개발한환자안전묞화잡정도구읞 Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) 쎝 69묞항을한국얎로번안한 Kim 등 (2007) 의도구륌의료Ʞꎀ평가읞슝원의자원조사자읎며 K 병원조사륌닎당하고있는간혞부팀장 읞곌수간혞사 2읞, 간혞학교수 2읞읎묞항을검토하고수정하여쎝 47개묞항을도출하였닀. 읎도구의하부영역윌로는부서 / 곌귌묎환겜 20 묞항, 직속상ꎀ / ꎀ늬자태도 4묞항, 의사소통곌절찚 8묞항, 환자안전수쀀 묞항, 사고볎고빈도 4묞항, 병원환겜 0묞항등 6개영역윌로구성되얎있닀. 각묞항은 5점척도로 맀우귞렇닀 5점 맀우귞렇지않닀 점 등윌로배점하였윌며, 점수가높을수록병원안전묞화에대한읞식읎높음을의믞한닀. Kim 등 (2007) 의연구에서는 Cronbach's α=.90읎었윌나볞연구에서는 Cronbach's α=.77로잡정되었닀. 안전활동안전활동을잡정하Ʞ위핎 20년의료Ʞꎀ읞슝조사Ʞ쀀집에포핚된 42개범죌쀑병원안전활동곌ꎀ렚된항목 7개영역을수정 볎완하여쎝 3묞항을사용하였닀. 볞도구의적합유묎와낎용타당도검슝을위핎의료Ʞꎀ평가읞슝원의자원조사자읎며 K병원조사륌닎당하고있는간혞부팀장 읞곌수간혞사 2읞, 의사 읞, 간혞학교수 2읞의전묞가집닚을결성하여녌의하였닀. 귞결곌 7개영역, 3묞항읎최종결정되었윌며, 하부영역은손위생 4묞항, 환겜안전ꎀ늬 5묞항, 감엌ꎀ늬 7묞항, 볎안ꎀ늬 3묞항, 재난ꎀ늬 3묞항, 폭력ꎀ늬 4 묞항, 개읞정볎볎혞 / 볎안첎계ꎀ늬 5묞항등윌로구성되었닀. 각묞항은 5점척도로 맀우귞렇닀 5점 맀우귞렇지않닀 점 등윌로배점하였윌며, 점수가높을수록안전활동의수행정도가높음을의믞한닀. 볞도구의신뢰도 Cronbach's α=.95 읎었닀. 자료수집방법연구대상자몚집을위핎연구시작전 S시에위치한 K병 연구의윀늬적고렀볞연구는연구대상자의윀늬적볎혞륌위핎 K병원연구윀늬위원회연구승읞 (IRB: KBC306) 을받은후진행하였닀. 수집된자료는연구목적윌로만사용할것읎며, 섀묞낎용비밀볎장, 대상자의익명성, 섀묞도쀑연구철회등에대한낎용을명시한서멎동의서에서명을받아자발적찞여륌볎장하였닀. 녌묞출판읎후분쇄Ʞ륌읎용하여자료가폐Ʞ되도록특별ꎀ늬할예정임을연구대상자에게직접섀명하였닀. 자료분석방법볞연구륌수행하Ʞ위하여수집된자료는 SPSS 8.0 for Window 프로귞랚을읎용하여통계처늬하였윌며, 자료분석을위한방법은닀음곌같닀. 첫짞, 연구대상자의음반적특성, 병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌알아볎Ʞ위하여빈도분석및Ʞ술통계분석을싀시하였닀. 둘짞, 연구대상자의음반적특성에따륞병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌알아볎Ʞ위하여 independent t-test, one-way ANOVA륌읎용하여분석하였고, 사후검슝은 Duncan을싀시하였닀. 셋짞, 연구대상자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동의ꎀ계륌알아볎Ʞ위하여 Pearson 상ꎀ분석을싀시하였닀. 넷짞, 연구대상자의안전활동에영향을믞치는요읞은 stepwise ( 닚계선택 ) 방법에의한닀쀑회귀분석을읎용하여검정하였닀. 회귀몚형의적절성을판닚하Ʞ위하여닀쀑공선성여부와잔찚분석을싀시하였닀. 연구결곌 대상자의음반적특성볞연구대상자의성별은여성읎 245명 (80.9%) 윌로대부분을찚지하였고, 평균연령은 32.9ì„žë¡œ 30섞믞만읎 34명 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월 93

하은혞왞 (44.2%) 윌로가장많았닀. 결혌여부는믞혌읎 76명 (58.%) 윌로많았고, 학력은학사졞업읎 38명 (45.5%) 윌로가장많았닀. 종교륌가진대상자는 64명 (54.%) 읎었윌며귌묎형태는정규직읎 268명 (88.4%) 윌로조사되었닀. 대상자의직종은간혞사가 22명 (70.0%) 윌로대부분을찚지하였고의사 36명 (.9%), 볎걎직 36명 (.9%), 행정직 9명 (6.3%) 순윌로나타났닀. 귌묎겜력은 년읎상 5년믞만읎 2명 (37.0%) 윌로가장많았윌며 0년읎상읎 79명 (26.%), 5년읎상 0년믞만읎 67명 (22.%), 년믞만읎 45명 (4.9%) 순읎었고, 음귌묎시간은 8 시간읎상 0시간믞만읎 29명 (72.3%) 윌로가장많은비윚을찚지하였닀. 한펞대상자듀의안전교육을삎펎볎멎, 254명 (83.8%) 읎안전교육을받았윌며안전교육읎필요하닀고응답한자가 254 명 (83.8%) 윌로대부분을찚지하였윌며, 안전교육자로낎부전묞가가적합하닀고응답한자가 62명 (53.5%) 읎었닀. 안전사고볎고횟수는 회 2 회가 37명 (45.2%) 윌로가장많았고, 없음읎 85명 (28.%), 3회 5 회 54명 (7.8%), 5회읎상읎 27명 (8.9%) 순윌로나타났닀 (Table ). 대상자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도및음반적특성에따륞찚읎대상자의병원안전묞화읞식및안전활동정도, 음반적특성에따륞찚읎는 Table 곌같닀. 병원안전묞화읞식정도는평균 3.6점읎었윌며안전활동평균은 4.7점윌로잡정되었닀. 대상자의병원안전묞화읞식은종교 (p=.08), 직업 (p=.002), 귌묎겜력 (p<.00), 안전교육유묎 (p=.04), 안전사고볎고횟수 (p=.033) 에따띌유의한찚읎가있었닀. 사후분석결곌, 종교에따륞병원안전묞화읞식은종교가있는집닚읎 3.59±0.6 점, 종교가없는집닚읎 3.62±0.59점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 직종에따륞병원안전묞화읞식은의사집닚읎간혞사, 볎걎직, 행정직집닚볎닀통계적윌로유의하게낮았닀. 귌묎겜력은 년믞만읞집닚읎 3.78±0.6점윌로가장높았고, 안전교육유묎에따륞병원안전묞화읞식은안전교육을받은집닚읎 3.63±0.62점, 안전교육을받지않은집닚읎 3.59±0.6점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 안전사고볎고횟수에따륞병원안전묞화읞식은 없음, 회~2 회 집닚읎 3회~4 회, 5회읎상 집닚볎닀안전묞화읞식정도가통계적윌로유의하게높았닀. 대상자의안전활동은성별 (p<.00), 종교 (p=.025), 귌묎형태 (p<.00), 직업 (p<.00), 안전교육유묎 (p=.002), 안전교육필요성 (p=.00) 에따띌유의한찚읎가있었닀. 사후분석결곌, 성별에따륞안전활동은여성집닚읎 4.28±0.83점, 낚성집닚읎 3.95±0.74점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 종교에따륞안전활동은종교가있는집닚읎 4.2±0.79점, 종교가없는집닚읎 4.25±0.77점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 귌묎형태에따륞안전활동정도는정규직집닚읎 4.25±0.78점, 계앜직집닚읎 3.94±0.80점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 직종에따륞안전활동정도는의사집닚읎간혞사, 볎걎직, 행정직집닚볎닀통계적윌로유의하게낮았닀. 안전교육유묎에따륞안전활동정도는안전교육을받은집닚읎 4.25±0.8점, 안전교육을받지않은집닚읎 3.99±0.77점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 안전교육필요성에따륞안전활동정도는안전교육을필요로하는집닚읎 4.24±0.70점, 안전교육을필요로하지않은집닚읎 3.92±0.88점윌로통계적윌로유의한찚읎가있었닀. 병원안전묞화읞식및안전활동간의상ꎀꎀ계대상자의병원안전묞화읞식및안전활동간의상ꎀꎀ계는 Table 2와같닀. 병원안전묞화읞식은안전활동 (r=.47, p<.00) 곌통계적윌로유의한양의상ꎀꎀ계륌볎였닀. 슉병원안전묞화읞식읎높을수록안전활동의수행정도가높은것윌로나타났닀. 병원안전묞화읞식하위요읞별안전활동곌의상ꎀꎀ계륌삎펎볎멎, 부서 / 곌귌묎환겜 (r=.88, p<.00), 의사소통곌절찚 (r=.82, p<.00), 병원환겜 (r=.78, p<.00), 직속상ꎀ / ꎀ늬자태도 (r=.68, p<.00), 안전사고볎고정도 (r=.60, p<.00), 환자안전수쀀 (r=.5, p<.00) 몚두안전활동곌통계적윌로유의한양의상ꎀꎀ계륌볎였닀. 병원종사자의안전활동에영향을믞치는요읞대상자의안전활동에영향을믞치는죌요변읞을확읞하Ʞ위핎병원안전묞화읞식곌읞구사회학적특성쀑안전활동에유의한찚읎륌볎읞변수성별, 종교, 귌묎형태, 직업, 안전교육유묎, 안전교육필요성을예잡요읞윌로하여닚계적닀쀑회귀분석을시행하였닀 (Table 3). 직종변수는더믞처늬하여분석하였고, 회귀분석에대한Ʞ볞가정을검토한결곌 Durbin-Watson 통계량읎.99로 2에가까워자Ʞ상ꎀ읎없는것윌로나타났닀. 공찚한계 (tolerance) 값읎 0. 읎상읎었고, 분산팜찜읞자 (Variance Inflation Factor, VIF) 도.0.50윌로 0 읎하로나타나닀쀑공선성의묞제가없음을확읞하였닀. 최종회귀몚형에는의사소통곌절찚, 귌묎형태, 안전사고볎고가선택되었윌며, 볞연구에서섀정한회귀몚형은통계적윌로적합하였닀 (F=53.75, p<.00). 전첎몚형의섀명력은 34% (Adjusted R 2 =.34) 읎었윌며, 읎쀑의사소통곌절찚가전첎몚형의섀명력쀑 29% 륌찚지하였고귌묎형태 (ß=-.8, p<.00), 94 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월

상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동 <Table > Awareness of Hospital Safety Culture and Safety Activities according to Characteristics (N=303) Characteristics Categories n(%) or Mean±SD Awareness of hospital safety culture Safety activities Mean±SD t or F p Mean±SD t or F p Gender Female 245(80.9) 3.66±0.67 -.43.55 4.28±0.83-3.89 <.00 Male 58(9.) 3.57±0.57 3.95±0.74 Age 32.99±7.74 (years) <30 34(44.2) 3.68±0.60 0.7.545 4.7±0.74 0.7.543 30 39 09(36.0) 3.59±0.60 4.±0.87 40 49 46(5.2) 3.66±0.57 4.24±0.79 50 4(4.6) 3.63±0.66 4.04±0.73 Marital status Single 76(58.) 3.62±0.64 0.7.858 4.9±0.76 0.09.927 Married 27(4.9) 3.63±0.58 4.7±0.8 Education High school 7(2.3) 3.74±0.45.6.325 4.7±0.74 0.45.72 College 08(35.6) 3.63±0.60 4.23±0.83 Bachelor 38(45.5) 3.6±0.57 4.9±0.74 Graduate 50(6.5) 3.54±0.63 4.±0.79 Religion Yes 64(54.) 3.59±0.6 2.38.08 4.2±0.79 2.25.025 No 39(45.9) 3.62±0.59 4.25±0.77 Employment status Full time 268(88.4) 3.62±0.64-0.80.428 4.25±0.78 3.66 <.00 Part time 35(.6) 3.58±0.57 3.94±0.80 Job class Doctor a 36(.9) 3.46±0.67 5.25.002 3.84±0.70 0.59 <.00 Nurse b 22(70.0) 3.64±0.57 b,c,d>a 4.40±0.84 b,c,d>a Health service c 36(.9) 3.82±0.64 4.3±0.79 Administration d 9(6.3) 3.50±0.47 4.25±0.65 Working period (year) < a 45(4.9) 3.78±0.6 9.87 <.00 4.7±0.73 0.5.674 5 b 2(37.0) 3.45±0.62 a>d>b,c 4.4±0.84 5 0 c 67(22.) 3.49±0.65 4.20±0.85 0 d 79(26.) 3.6±0.59 4.25±0.72 Working hours <8 3(.0) 3.6±0.50.60.203 3.79±0.73 2.64.073 8 0 29(72.3) 3.66±0.70 4.34±0.79 0 8(26.7) 3.57±0.6 4.20±0.84 Safety education Yes 254(83.8) 3.63±0.62 2.48.04 4.25±0.8 3..002 No 49(6.2) 3.59±0.6 3.99±0.77 Need for safety education Yes 254(83.8) 3.65±0.62.47.4 4.24±0.70 3.49.00 No 49(6.2) 3.56±0.58 3.92±0.88 Preferred educator Inside experts 62(53.5) 3.64±0.6.0.32 4.22±0.77.09.276 Outside experts 4(46.5) 3.58±0.60 4.5±0.82 Number of safety accident reports None a 85(28.) 3.69±0.65 2.94.033 4.9±0.80 0.79.496 2 b 37(45.2) 3.68±0.57 a,b>c,d 4.20±0.76 3 4 c 54(7.8) 3.52±0.53 4.07±0.74 5 d 27(8.9) 3.56±0.66 4.25±0.83 Total 303(00.0) 3.6±0.60 4.7±0.79 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월 95

하은혞왞 <Table 2> Correlations between Awareness of Hospital Safety Culture and Safety Activities Variables AHSC Working environment Supervisor attitudes Working environment.88 Supervisor attitudes.68.49 Communication and process.82.6.57 Patient safety level.5.4.37 Safety accident reports.60.36.37 Hospital environment.78.58.4 SA.47.35.34 AHSC=Awareness of Hospital Safety Culture; SA=Safety Activities Communication and process r(p).39.57.53.54 Patient safety level.37.34.27 Safety accident reports.30.44 (N=303) Hospital environment.26 <Table 3> The Factors Affecting Safety Activities in Hospital Workers Variables B SE ß t p Tolerance VIF Constant 53.49 6.29 8.498 <.00 Communication and process 2.7.28.44 7.67 <.00.673.49 Employment status -9.96 2.67 -.8-3.73 <.00.988.0 Safety accident reports.05.34.8 3.09.002.666.50 R 2 =.35, Adjusted R 2 =.34, F=53.75, p<.00, Durbin-Watson=.994 SE=Standard Error; VIF=Variance Inflation Factor 안전사고볎고정도 (ß=.8, p=.002) 순읎었닀. 녌의 볞연구에서병원종사자듀의병원안전묞화읞식은평균 3.6점 (5점만점 ), 안전활동정도는평균 4.7점 (5점만점 ) 윌로안전활동점수가더높은것윌로나타났윌며성별, 종교, 직종, 귌묎Ʞ간, 안전교육유묎, 안전사고볎고횟수에따띌찚읎가있는것윌로조사되었닀. 읎는 Hwang 등 (204) 의연구에서조사된병원안전묞화 3.52점볎닀높고안전활동 4.49점볎닀낮은점수읞데, 안전활동읎볞연구볎닀높게나타난것은연구대상자가군병원귌묎간혞사듀읎고군의엄격한규윚곌원칙에따띌안전활동을수행하였윌므로음반병원볎닀높게나타난것윌로추정된닀. 귞러나 Choi 등 (200) 의연구에서조사된병원안전묞화읞식 3.34점, 안전활동 4.25점, Park 등 (202) 의연구에서조사된병원안전묞화읞식 3.4점, 안전활동 4.40점윌로믞룚얎볌때, 볞연구에서의안전활동점수가읎듀선행연구와비교시몚두낮게잡정된것은죌목할사항읎닀. 볞연구대상자듀읎상꞉종합병원종사자듀읎 며의료Ʞꎀ읞슝평가륌앞두고있었닀는점, 대상자의앜 82% 가의료읞읎었닀는점, 귞쀑앜 70% 가간혞사띌는점을감안할때병원안전활동을슝진시킬수있는전략읎시꞉하닀고사료된닀. 병원안전활동에대한읎론적읞접귌볎닀가상상황에서의반복적읞몚의훈렚을통핎싀묎에직접적용할수있는전략적읞접귌읎필요할것윌로사료된닀. 귞러나선행연구의대상자듀은몚두임상간혞사듀읎었고, 볞연구대상자듀의음부는볎걎직, 행정직을포핚하고있얎전첎안전활동점수가낮게조사되었을가능성을배제할수없을것읎닀. 또한간혞사 4.40, 행정직 4.25, 볎걎직 4.3 등에비핎의사가 3.84로가장낮게나타난것에쀑점을두얎직종별안전활동향상전략에대한재섀계가필요하닀고생각한닀. 직종별안전활동평가닚을구성하여지속적읞몚니터링곌읎에대한결곌분석및평가, 상벌제도등의도입은안전활동향상에Ʞ여할수있는전략읎될것윌로생각한닀. 병원안전묞화읞식정도는통계적윌로유의한찚읎는없었지만여성의평균점수가낚성에비핎높은것윌로나타났고안전활동은여성읎낚성볎닀통계적윌로유의하게높았닀. 성별에따륞병원안전묞화읞식정도와안전활동을분석한선행 96 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월

상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동 연구가없얎비교분석하는데제한점은있지만볞연구대상자듀의대부분읎여성및간혞사읎고, 간혞사는환자곁에서 24시간안전간혞활동을제공하는전묞직읎며 (Kim et al., 2007; Yoon et al., 204), 안전활동의죌요범위가손위생, 환겜안전ꎀ늬, 감엌ꎀ늬, 폭력ꎀ늬등간혞직곌ꎀ렚된업묎가대부분읎얎서나타난결곌로사료된닀. 종교가있는겜우병원안전묞화읞식정도와안전활동점수가높게나타났는데, 종교륌가진사람듀은도덕곌양심, 원칙을쀑시하고귞것을싀천하렀는겜향읎있얎나타난결곌로사료되나읎에따륞선행연구가없고종교및종교륌믿는사람마닀각각의특성읎있얎추후연구가필요한항목읎닀. 정규직은비정규직볎닀안전활동점수가높게나타났는데, 정규직곌달늬비정규직귌로자는고용불안정곌상대적읞저임ꞈ, 찚별적볎상첎계로소속감곌책임감읎낮고 (Kim, Moon, & Han, 200) 읎러한귌묎형태가안전활동에대한소극적읞태도로읎얎젞나타난결곌로생각한닀. 귞러나유의한찚읎는없었지만비정규직의안전묞화읞식에대한점수가정규직볎닀높게나타났닀는점을죌목할필요가있닀. 많은선행연구륌통핎안전묞화읞식읎안전활동에Ɥ정적영향을믞치는것윌로 (Choi et al., 200; Hemmat et al., 205; Kim et al., 2007) 조사되었고, 비정규직은행정직볎닀시섀ꎀ늬직종사자가대부분임을감안할때, 읎듀은병원안전묞화에대한쀑요성을읞식하고는있지만안전활동곌연계할수있는지식곌겜험읎부족한것윌로사료되므로교육및찞여륌통핎직접겜험핎볌수있는안전활동프로귞랚개발 (Duff, 203) 읎필요할것읎닀. 병원직종에따띌병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동에도혁혁한찚읎가있는것윌로조사되었는데간혞사, 볎걎직, 행정직집닚읎가장높게, 의사집닚읎가장낮게조사되었닀. Pronovost 등 (2003) 은 395명의졎슀홉킚슀대학병원의료진곌볎걎직, ꎀ늬자듀의병원안전묞화읞식정도륌조사한결곌의사가간혞사볎닀낮은점수륌볎여죌었고볎걎직곌행정직ꎀ늬자듀의병원안전묞화에대한읞식읎맀우Ɥ정적읎었음을볎고하였닀. Stein, Makarawo와 Ahmad (2003) 는 75명의의사와 43명의간혞사륌대상윌로병원안전활동곌직결된손씻Ʞ, 장갑착용, 늬캐핑 (recapping) 등의감엌ꎀ늬수행정도륌조사한결곌의사집닚읎간혞사집닚볎닀월등히낮은수행률을볎여죌었고, 죌사칚찔늌사고윚도높은것윌로조사되었닀. Smeby, Johnsen곌 Marhaug (205) 는 2009~202년부싀한병원안전활동윌로읞한환자손상볎상비용쀑 26.3% 가심각한상핎로읞한것읎었고사망및장애로읞한비용읎 5% 읎하로조사되었음을볎고하였닀. 의사는의료볎걎현장에서환자안전곌생명유지륌위핎책임곌의묎륌닀핎알하는제음선의의료전묞가집닚윌로, 읎듀의낮은병원안전읞식곌안전활동은동료의료읞은묌론Ʞ타볎걎의료종사자및지 역사회에도부정적영향을믞칠수있을것윌로사료된닀. 병원안전읞식곌안전활동을고췚시킀Ʞ위한의대학부곌정부터의Ʞ쎈교육프로귞랚, 수렚의 전공의곌정에서의심화교육프로귞랚, 전묞의읎후로지속가능한상꞉교육프로귞랚을현싀화하는것읎시꞉한전략읎띌고생각한닀. 귞러나의사집닚읎전첎대상자의 36명 (.9%) 윌로간혞사집닚 22 명 (70.0%) 볎닀상대적윌로낮아나타난결곌음수있윌므로읎륌고렀핎알할것읎닀. 병원안전묞화읞식정도는귌묎Ʞ간에따띌찚읎가있었는데귌묎Ʞ간읎 년믞만또는 0년읎상에서가장높은것윌로조사되었닀. 읎는 30명의병원간혞사륌대상윌로환자안전묞화읞식정도륌조사한결곌 3년믞만또는 2년읎상귌묎겜력자듀의점수가높게나타난 Choi 등 (200) 의연구, 399명의병원간혞사듀쀑귌묎겜력 2년믞만곌 0년읎상에서환자안전묞화읞식읎높게나타난 Park 등 (202) 의연구, 귌묎겜력읎적을수록환자안전묞화읞식읎높게나타난 Kim 곌 Kim (202) 의연구와유사하닀. 귌묎겜력읎적은간혞사음수록환자안전곌직접적윌로ꎀ렚있는간혞활동제공의Ʞ회가많고, 의식적윌로안전사고에대한ꞎ장을늊추지않고간혞륌제공한결곌 (Choi et al., 200; Park et al., 202) 로사료된닀. 또한 0년읎상집닚에서도읎와같은현상읎나타난것은읎시Ʞ의간혞사듀은간혞현장에서의직접적간혞활동볎닀행정적읞업묎륌죌로하멎서안전교육을통핎간혞사듀을지도, 감독하는위치에있Ʞ때묞에 (Hwang et al., 204) 환자안전묞화읞식에대한점수가높게나타난것윌로사료된닀. 귞러므로병원안전묞화읞식정도가가장낮게조사된쀑간겜력을가지고있는집닚을쀑심윌로안전묞화에대한읞식을슝진시킬수있는쀑재전략읎필요할것윌로사료된닀. 또한병원안전묞화읞식정도가높게잡정된 년믞만곌 0년읎상집닚을대상윌로지속적읞안전묞화읞식강화훈렚을제공하는것도읎집닚의병원안전묞화읞식을좀더향상시킬수있는전략윌로사료된닀. 귞러나상Ʞ선행연구듀은병원간혞사듀을대상윌로분석한결곌읎므로볞연구결곌와비교, 분석하는데제한점은있닀. 한펞읎탈늬아 2개대학 573명간혞학생듀의환자안전읞식정도륌조사한결곌 학년읎가장높게, 2학년읎가장낮게, 3학년말닀시높게나타났음을볎고한 Stevanin 등 (205) 의연구는볞연구대상자듀의겜력에따륞변화와유사한부분읎있윌므로학부에서부터안전묞화읞식정도륌슝진시킬수있고, 졞업후임상곌연계할수있는프로귞랚개발및적용의쀑요성을시사하고있닀. 객ꎀ구조화임상시험 (Objective Structured Clinical Examination, OSCE) 또는시뮬레읎션Ʞ반-학습 (Simulation -based Learning, SBL) 을통한병원안전위죌술Ʞ및비술Ʞ영역의교육곌훈렚은 (Silverston, 204). 졞업후병원종사자 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월 97

하은혞왞 로귌묎시병원안전위협요소륌감소시킬수있는전략읎될것읎닀. 병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동은안전교육을받은집닚에서몚두높게조사되었윌며, 안전교육필요성을얞꞉한집닚에서의안전활동점수도높게나타났닀. Hwang 등 (204) 은안전교육을받은집닚읎귞렇지않은집닚에비핎안전묞화읞식및안전활동정도가높았윌며, Choi 등 (200) 은 5회읎하로안전교육을받은집닚읎 6회읎상교육을받은집닚에비핎환자안전묞화륌낮게읞식하고있음을볎고하였는데, 안전교육을받윌멎받을수록안전에대한최신겜향및최신지견을접할수있는Ʞ회가많아젞병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동읎걎섀적읞방향윌로나아갈수있도록쎈석의역할을하였윌므로나타난결곌로사료된닀. 병원안전에대한전묞적읞훈렚곌교육은안전에대한병원종사자듀개개읞의태도와행동에Ɥ정적읞영향을믞치고식별가능한업묎진행분위Ʞ륌조성할수있윌며 (Singer et al., 2009), 귞에따륞적절한지도와감독은병원안전묞화역량을슝진시킬수있닀 (Duff, 203). 따띌서병원종사자수쀀곌업묎영역에적합한반복교육프로귞랚개발및적용은병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동을향상시킬수있는전략읎될것읎닀. 병원안전묞화읞식은병원종사자의안전사고볎고횟수가적을수록높게나타났는데, 병원안전묞화에대한높은읞식을바탕윌로원칙을지쌜가며병원안전활동을수행했Ʞ때묞에안전사고가상대적윌로적게발생하여안전사고볎고횟수도적었을것윌로사료된닀. 병원안전묞화에대한읞식읎높을수록바람직한병원안전활동을수행하렀는겜향읎있고싀제병원안전묞화에대한태도가걎섀적음수록병원낎안전사고는감소한닀는 Singer 등 (2009), Waeschle 등 (205) 곌 Yoon등 (204) 의연구, 병원조직낎안전묞화에대한높은읞식은직원의안전활동을쎉진하는쀑요한요소임을강조한 Hemmat 등 (205) 의연구는높은병원안전묞화읞식읎낮은병원안전사고윚곌밀접한ꎀ계가있음을방슝하는것읎므로볞연구의결곌륌뒷받칚하고있닀. 귞러나병원안전에대한읞식은높았지만안전사고가발생되멎처벌읎두렀워싀제안전사고가발생했음에도불구하고의도적윌로안전사고볎고횟수륌적게볎고했을가능성을배제할수없윌므로추후연구가필요한항목읎닀. 볞연구에서병원안전묞화읞식정도와안전활동은강한양의상ꎀꎀ계가있는것윌로나타났윌며, 병원안전묞화하부영역읞귌묎환겜, ꎀ늬자태도, 의사소통곌절찚, 환자안전수쀀, 안전사고볎고정도, 병원환겜몚두안전활동곌상ꎀꎀ계가있는것윌로조사되었닀. Martin곌 Ciurzynski (205) 는강읞한팀워크로묎장된귌묎환겜은환자안전을슝진시킀고횚윚적읞병원안전활동을강화시킬수있는잠재력을가지고 있닀고하였고, Ulrich와 Kear (204) 는ꎀ늬자의탁월한늬더십곌조직ꎀ늬능력, 걎전한조직묞화형성은병원안전활동을쎉진한닀고볎고하였닀. 읎에 Hemmat 등 (205) 은병원안전묞화에대한ꎀ늬자의태도가Ɥ정적음수록환자안전에대한수쀀을높게읞지하고있었윌며안전사고볎고횟수도감소하였닀고볎고하였닀. Yoon 등 (204) 도ꎀ늬자의늬더십곌귌묎태도가안전활동곌상ꎀꎀ계가있닀고볎고하였고, Choi 등 (200) 은환자안전묞화하부영역몚두와안전활동간양의상ꎀꎀ계가있음을볎고하였닀. 귞러나 Park 등 (202) 은안전사고볎고정도, 병원환겜등은음부안전활동곌상ꎀꎀ계가없었음을볎고하였는데읎는볞연구와상읎한결곌로추후반복연구가필요한부분읎닀. 볞연구에서병원종사자의병원안전활동에믞치는영향요읞을분석한결곌의사소통곌절찚, 귌묎형태, 안전사고볎고정도등섞개항목읎도출되었닀. 의사소통곌절찚항목은 사고볎고에대한플드백, 병원안전에대한자유로욎의견교환, 안전사고재발방지륌위한개선책녌의, 안전절찚에대한조얞 등을포핚하고있는데 Kim 등 (2007) 은안전사고발생후또는발생가능한상황에서의엎늰의사소통은환자안전을도몚할뿐아니띌의료서비슀질향상의쀑요한핵심엎쇠가될수있음을볎고하였닀. Ulrich와 Kear (204) 는싀수륌볎고하고재현하는자유로욎의사소통을통핎안전사고재발방지및개선방법을몚색할수있닀고하였고 Toghian 등 (204) 은비횚곌적읞의사소통은원하지않는병원안전사고와횚곌적읞병원안전활동을저핎하는데, 병원안전사고의 60% 읎상읎비횚윚적의사소통에서Ʞ원한닀고볎고하였닀. 읎륌위핎 Toghian 등 (204) 은 Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation (SBAR) 을읎용한역할극 (role play) 의사소통교육을제얞하멎서 SBAR 는병원안전묞화조성곌안전활동을쎉진시킬수있는핵심요소임을강조하였닀. 수평적읎며간닚명료한의사소통절찚가자유로욞수록병원종사자간상혞작용읎활발하고병원안전곌ꎀ렚된정볎교환읎풍부핎지며읎러한병원조직묞화는안전활동에Ɥ정적읞영향을믞칠수있닀 (Park et al., 202). 구조화된의사소통Ʞ술 (Structured huddle) 은병원안전활동을슝진시킀고안전활동곌정의불필요한쀑복을감소시킬수있얎 (Martin & Ciurzynski, 205) 안전사고에대한곌거의사후처늬대응을사전대응방식윌로변화시킬수있닀 (Yoon et al., 203) 고사료된닀. 병원안전활동의영향요읞읞귌묎형태는정규직곌비정규직윌로나뉘얎조사하였는데, 귌로조걎은병원안전곌상ꎀꎀ계가있고 (Buljac-Samardzic, van Wijngaarden, Dekker-van, & Doorn, 205), 비정규직은정규직사원곌의읎질감등윌로업묎불만족, 조직생산성저하등을쎈래할수있윌며얞제든 98 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월

상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동 읎직할수있는고용불안정상황에직멎핎있윌므로 (Kim et al., 200) 정규직곌비교시병원안전활동에소홀할수있닀고생각된닀. 특히비정규직종사자듀은병원안전교육의사각지대에녞출되얎있는겜우가있윌므로읎듀을대상윌로병원안전활동슝진을도몚할수있는맞춀형교육프로귞랚개발읎필요하닀. 귞러나몚든비정규직병원종사자듀의병원안전활동읎소극적읎지는않을것읎며읎와ꎀ렚된선행연구가부족한싀정읎므로추후연구가필요한항목읎닀. 병원안전활동에영향을믞치는죌요요읞쀑안전사고볎고정도는병원조직의볎고묞화와깊은ꎀ렚읎있는데 (Ulrich & Kear, 204), Park 등 (202) 의연구대상자듀 55.6% 는안전사고볎고겜험읎있닀고응답하였고안전사고볎고는안전간혞활동에영향을믞치는요읞임을볎고하였닀. Waeschle 등 (205) 은안전사고허용에대한걎섀적묞화의지속적읞발전곌싀천은병원안전을위한핵심요소임을강조하였고, Yoon 등 (203) 은싀수한개읞을비난하는조직묞화에서싀수륌통핎안전사고위험을예방하고안전시슀템을개선하는것읎쀑요하닀고볎고하였닀. 귞러나안전사고발생시볎고낎용볎닀직원의개읞적읞것에쎈점을두거나직원에대한선입견윌로판닚하는겜우가많고 (Kim et al., 2007), 안전사고볎고당사자는사고볎고자첎륌개읞에대한공격및싀수에대한처벌로간죌하여볎고자첎륌누띜시킀거나은폐하는사례가있닀 (Yoon et al., 204). 따띌서안전사고에대한징벌적조직묞화또는안전사고볎고에대한부끄러움, 두렀움등은안전사고원읞분석및재발예방전략의장애묌읎될수있닀 (Hwang et al., 204; Singer et al., 2009). 귞러므로안전사고에대한비징벌적태도륌지향할수있는병원조직묞화형성, 안전사고륌솔직히읞정하는태도륌핚양할수있는직원의읞성교육 (Kim & Kim, 202) 은안전사고볎고륌활성화시킬수있는전략읎띌고사료된닀. 읎륌위핎안전사고륌의묎적윌로볎고할수있는시슀템개발 (Kim et al., 2007), 사고볎고절찚륌간소화할수있는옚띌읞볎고서시슀템적용 (Kear & Ulrich, 205), 정볎통신Ʞ술을읎용한볎고시슀템활성화및사고볎고시읞섌티람제공 (Ulrich & Kear, 204) 등도안전사고볎고륌슝진시킬수있는전략읎될것읎닀. 읎상곌같읎볞연구결곌륌통핎대상자듀의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌알아볎고안전활동에믞치는영향요읞을비교분석하였닀. 병원안전묞화의 3대요소는학습묞화, 신뢰묞화, 볎고묞화 (Ulrich & Kear, 204) 읎고병원안전묞화읞식곌병원안전활동의상ꎀꎀ계륌고렀한닀멎, 볞연구결곌는읎듀두변수륌걎섀적읞방향윌로향상시킬수있는Ʞ쎈자료륌제공했닀는점에서의의가있닀고할것읎닀. 또한병원안전묞화및안전활동을쉜게읎행할수있는안전사슬알고늬듬개발곌같은전략을수늜하는데Ʞ여할수있을 것읎며의료Ʞꎀ읞슝평가륌쀀비하고있는상꞉종합병원, 종합병원종사자듀의병원안전에대한읞식을분석하는Ʞ쎈자료로도활용될수있을것읎닀. 귞러나볞연구륌진행핚에있얎닀음곌같은제한점읎있었닀. 첫짞, 볞연구대상자듀읎의료Ʞꎀ평가륌앞두고있었윌므로섀묞낎용쀑음부가대상자및부서륌평가할수있닀는엌렀때묞에섀묞에신쀑을Ʞ하지않았을수있음을배제할수없닀. 둘짞, 음개상꞉종합병원을대상윌로하였윌므로볞연구결곌륌음반화하는데신쀑을Ʞ핎알한닀. 셋짞, 볞연구대상자듀읎여성, 간혞사, 정규직등에많읎분포되얎있얎연구결곌음부분읎대상자집닚펞쀑윌로읞핎나타난것임을배제할수없윌므로비교분석시신쀑을Ʞ핎알한닀. 결론및제얞 볞연구는 2죌Ʞ의료Ʞꎀ평가륌앞둔음개상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌분석하였고성별, 종교, 직종, 귌묎Ʞ간, 안전교육유묎, 안전사고볎고횟수에따띌병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도에찚읎가있음을검슝하였닀. 병원안전묞화읞식은종교가있는집닚, 볎걎직곌행정, 귌묎겜력 년믞만, 안전교육읎수집닚, 안전사고볎고횟수가적은집닚등에서높게나타났닀. 안전활동은여성, 종교가있는집닚, 정규직, 간혞사, 안전교육읎수및안전교육요구집닚등에서높게나타났닀. 또한안전활동정도에영향을믞치는요읞윌로의사소통곌절찚, 귌묎형태, 안전사고볎고정도등을도출하였윌며안전활동의 34% 륌섀명하였닀. 볞연구에서도출된안전활동영향요읞은의료Ʞꎀ읞슝평가륌쀀비하고있는상꞉종합병원또는종합병원의안전활동슝진에도움읎될것윌로사료되며볞묞에제시된닀양한쀑재전략은안전활동향상을위한프로귞랚개발을몚색하는데Ʞ여할수있을것읎닀. 읎상곌같은결곌륌토대로닀음을제얞하고자한닀. 첫짞, 의료Ʞꎀ읞슝평가륌쀀비하고있는의료Ʞꎀ별병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌조사 분석 비교할수있는연구륌제얞한닀. 둘짞, 병원종사자전수륌대상윌로병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌조사한반복연구륌제얞한닀. 셋짞, 병원간혞사집닚읎아닌지역사회낎의료ꎀ렚집닚종사자의환자안전묞화읞식곌안전활동정도륌조사하는연구륌제얞한닀. References Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2004). Hospital 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월 99

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상꞉종합병원종사자의병원안전묞화읞식곌안전활동 68-73. http://dx.doi.org/0.06/s095-670(03)00074-4 Stevanin, S., Bressan, V., Bulfone, G., Zanini, A., Dante, A., & Palese, A. (205). Knowledge and competence with patient safety as perceived by nursing students: The findings of a cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 35(8), 926-934. http://dx.doi.org/0.06/j.nedt.205.04.002 Toghian, C. N., Ahrari, S., & Alikhah, S. (204). Comparison the effect of teaching of SBAR technique with role play and lecturing on communication skill of nurses. Journal of Caring Sciences, 3(2), 4-47. http://dx.doi.org/0.568/ jcs.204.05 Ulrich, B., & Kear, T. (204). Patient safety and patient safety culture: Foundations of excellent health care delivery. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 4(5), 447-456. Ulrich, B., & Kear, T. (205). Patient safety culture in nephrology nurse practice settings: Results by primary work unit, organizational work setting, and primary role. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 42(3), 22-236. Waeschle, R. M., Bauer, M., & Schmidt, C. E. (205). Errors in medicine: Causes, impact and improvement measures to improve patient safety. Der Anaesthesist, 64(9), 689-704. http://dx.doi.org/0.007/s000-05-0052-4 Yoon, S. H., Kim, B. S., & Kim, S. Y. (203). Development and validation of the Korean patient safety culture scale for nursing homes. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 43 (3), 379-388. http://dx.doi.org/0.4040/jkan.203.43.3.379 Yoon, S. H., Kim, S. Y., & Wu, X. L. (204). Perception of workers on patient safety culture and degree of patient safety in nursing homes in Korea. Journal of Korean Nursing Administration Academic Society, 20(3), 247-256. http://dx.doi.org/0./jkana.204.20.3.247 Awareness of Hospital Safety Culture and Safety Activities of Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital Ha, Eun-Ho ) Hyun, Kyoung-Soon 2) Cho, Jin-Young ) ) Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Jungwon University 2) Surveyor, Korea Insutitute for Healthcare Accreditation Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify awareness of hospital safety culture (AHSC) and safety activities (SA) of workers in a tertiary care hospital, and the factors influencing safety activities. Methods: 303 Participants from the tertiary care hospital in Seoul were invited. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 8.0. Results: The level of AHSC and SA was 3.6 and 4.7, respectively. There were differences between AHSC and SA according to gender, religion, employment status, job class, working period, safety education, need for safety education, and number of safety accident reports. There was a positive relationship between AHSC and SA. The factors influencing SA were communication and process, employment status, and safety accident reports. Conclusion: AHSC and SA are important factors to improve hospital safety, as well as increasing chances to receive hospital accreditation. Key words : Awareness, Hospitals, Patients, Safety, Worker Address reprint requests to : Hyun Kyoung-Soon Korea Insutitute for Healthcare Accreditation 0th, #0, Gukhoe-daero 76-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea 50-870 Tel: 82-2-2076-0600 Fax: 82-2-2076-0666 E-mail: gusrudtns@hanmail.net 한국간혞교육학회지 22(2), 206 년 5 월 20