Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association J. Korean Home Econ. Assoc. Vol. 51 No. 1, 45-57, February 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.6115/khea.2013.51.1.045 www.jkhea.org eissn 2234-2818 pissn 1225-0937 Analysis on Daily Routine Types Based on Daily Care Plans of Child Care Centers and the Characteristics of Child Care Programs According to Daily Routine Types 1Kids-Sure Puruni Child Care Center 2Department of Child Development & Guidance, Hannam University 3Department fo Early Childhood Education, Pukyong National University Abstract This study explores the types of daily routines in child care centers based on the time planned for indoor free choice activities, outdoor activities, group activities and nap/rest. The daily routine plans of 63 classes of 0 to 2-yearolds and 51 classes of 3 to 5-year-olds were cluster analyzed. Also, openness and closeness of child care programs as well as the most participated indoor/outdoor activities were examined using questionnaires developed for teachers. The results were as follows: First, teachers planned the most time for free play choice and comparatively less time for outdoor play during the day. Time for rest and naps were planned more for 0-2 year-olds whereas group activities were planned more for the 3-5 year-olds. Second, 3 daily routine types were found in the daily plans of child care centers, such as Low-Activity Oriented, Free Choice Activity Oriented and Group Activity Oriented in 0 to 2-year-old classes and 3 to 5-year-old classes. Also, Group Activity Oriented type in 0 to 2-year-old classes showed more closed child care programs than the Free Choice Activity Oriented type. However, no difference was shown among the 3 types of daily routines in the openness and closeness of 3 to 5-year-old child care programs. Finally, all children, regardless of the types of daily routine, participated most in block and role play indoors and fixed-play equipment, sand play and free play outdoors. (low- oriented), (free choice oriented), (group oriented), (daily routine types) Corresponding Author : Jong Hay Rha, Department of Child Development & Guidance, Hannam University, 133 Ojeong-dong, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon, 306-791, Korea Tel: +82-42-629-7893, Fax: +82-42-629-7437, E-mail: jhrha@hnu.ac.kr 2011 ( ) (No. 2011-0027564). 2012 65. Copyright 2013, The Korean Home Economics Association. All rights reserved. - 45 -
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Table 1. Characteristics of classes 0 to 2 years old and classes of 3 to 5 years old Class of 0 to 2 years old (n = 63) Class of 3 to 5 years old (n = 51) Frequency (%) Frequency (%) Under 1 year 9( 14.3) 3 years 20( 39.2) Age of class 1 year 24( 38.1) 4 years 12( 23.5) 2 years 30( 47.6) 5 years 19( 37.3) Sum 63(100.00) Sum 51(100.0) Type of childcare center District National Public 15( 23.8) National Public 10( 19.6) Foundation 9( 14.3) Foundation 3( 5.9) Private 25( 39.7) Private 27( 52.9) Employer supported 14( 22.2) Employer supported 11( 21.6) Sum 63(100.0) Sum 51(100.0) Seoul, Kyunggi-do 14( 22.2) Seoul, Kyunggi-do 8( 15.7) Busan, Kyungsang-do 19( 30.1) Busan, Kyungsang-do 19( 37.2) Dajeon, Chungcheong-do 25( 39.7) Dajeon, Chungcheong-do 20( 39.2) Jeolla-do 2( 3.3) Jeolla-do 3( 5.9) Gangwon-do 3( 4.7) Gangwon-do 1( 2.0) Sum 63(100.0) Sum 51(100.0) Table 2. Characteristics of childcare teachers Class of 0 to 2 years old Variables (n = 91) Frequency (%) Age Education Work experience Class of 3 to 5 years old (n = 57) Frequency (%) 25 years or under 30(33.0) 11(19.3) 26-35 years 32(35.2) 30(52.6) 36-45 years 18(19.8) 7(12.3) 46 years and over 19(1.1) 1(1.8) No-response 10(11.0) 8(14.0) Sum 91(100.0) 57(100.0) High school or childcare teacher 9(9.9) 3(5.3) training center Junior college 42(46.1) 24(42.1) College 38(41.8) 28(49.1) Graduate school 2(2.2) 1(1.8) No-response 0(.0) 1(1.8) Sum 91(100.0) 57(100.0) 1 year under 6(6.6) 0(0.0) 1-5 years 55(60.4) 37(64.9) 6-10 years 18(19.8) 18(31.6) 10 years or over 7(7.7) 1(1.8) No-response 5(5.5) 1(1.8) Sum 91(100.0) 57(100.0) - 48 -
α Scheffé - 49 -
Table 3. Score ranges, means, and standard deviations of time in daily routine Contents Class of 0 to 2 years old (n = 63) Class of 3 to 5 years old (n = 51) Score ranges (ratio*) SD Score ranges (ratio)* SD Operation time 480-750 668.89 65.58 480-740 672.75 70.60 Actual time 290-610 459.73(1.00) 71.74 310-600 446.47(1.00) 76.34 Free choice 0-240 107.62(.23) 59.88 0-280 112.45(.25) 63.04 Outdoor 0-120 36.51(.08) 25.73 0-120 48.73(.11) 28.23 Group 10-170 30.95(.07) 38.87 0-180 75.00(.17) 46.52 Nap and rest 40-180 119.76(.26) 37.30 0-140 46.18(.10) 43.74 * The ratio refers to the time of each free choice, outdoore, group, nap and rest over the actual time. Table 4. eans and standard deviations of main time according to clusters in 0 to 2-year-old classes (N = 63) Frequency (%) Cluster 1 18(28.6) Cluster 2 38(60.3) Cluster 3 7(11.1) Free choice 67.50 (26.42) 145.39 (38.14) 5.71 (11.34) Outdoor 35.00 (15.05) 43.95 (26.36) 0.00 (.00) Group 19.17 (16.29) 23.42 (32.49) 102.14 (40.81) Nap & rest 138.33 (31.15) 116.45 (37.32) 90.00 (30.00) Table 5. Standard scores of main time ratio according to clusters in 0 to 2-year-old classes (N = 63) Frequency (%) Free choice Outdoor Group Nap & rest Cluster 1 18(28.6).65.04.28.72 Cluster 2 38(60.3).67.25.26.27 Cluster 3 7(11.1) 1.94 1.46 2.13.39-50 -
Table 7. Standard scores of main time ratio according to clusters in 3 to 5-year-old classes (N = 51) Frequency (%) Free choice Outdoor Group Nap & rest Cluster 1 16(31.4).05.37.88.92 Cluster 2 14(27.4) 1.17.11.28.89 Cluster 3 21(41.2).74.36.86.11 Figure 1. Clusters of daily routine in 0 to 2-year-old classes. Table 6. eans and standard deviations of main time according to clusters in 3 to 5-year-old classes (N = 51) Frequency (%) Cluster 1 16(31.4) Cluster 2 14(27.4) Cluster 3 21(41.2) Free choice 109.38 (39.58) 184.64 (49.01) 66.67 (36.65) Outdoor 58.75 (13.60) 48.57 (30.09) 41.19 (33.54) Group 33.13 (11.38) 66.43 (30.09) 112.62 (42.24) Nap & rest 87.50 (22.95) 7.85 (20.7) 40.24 (41.18) Figure 2. Clusters of daily routine in 3 to 5-year-old classes. - 51 -
Table 8. Characteristics of childcare program according to type of daily routine in 0 to 2-year-old classes Variables Low- oriented Free choice oriented Group oriented Total (n = 32) (n = 47) (n = 12) (N = 91) F Openness 3.89 (.44) 3.76 (.54) 3.92 (.56) 3.83 (.51).78 Closure 3.08 (.33) ab 2.94 (.52) a 3.33 (.56) b 3.02 (.47) 3.40* *p <.05. Scheffé Table 9. Characteristics of childcare program according to type of daily routine in 3 to 5-year-old classes Variables Low- oriented Free choice oriented Group oriented Total (n = 19) (n = 14) (n = 24) (N = 57) F Openness 3.81(.47) 4.01(.55) 3.76(.59) 3.84(.54) 1.08 Closure 3.19(.41) 3.04(.45) 3.28(.61) 3.19(.52).97-52 -
Table 10. Frequency (percentage) of the most participation in indoor areas according to type of daily routine in 0 to 2-year-old classes Variables N Block Role play Art Number & manipulation Language Cooking Science usic Frequency (%)* Low- oriented 32 28(87.5) 28(87.5) 10(31.3) 9(28.1) 4(12.5) 5(15.6) 2(6.3) 1(3.1) Free choice oriented 47 42(89.4) 41(87.2) 13(27.7) 13(27.7) 14(29.8) 3( 6.4) 1(2.1) 2(4.3) Group oriented 12 11(91.7) 11(91.7) 6(50.0) 2(16.7) 5(41.7) 0(.0).0(.0) 0(.0) Sum 91 81(89.0) 82(87.9) 29(31.9) 24(26.4) 23(25.3) 8(8.8) 3(3.3) 3(3.3) * % refers to the ratio within cluster. Table 11. Frequency (percentage) of the most participation in outdoor areas according to type of daily routine in 0 to 2-year-old classes Variables N Fixed-play equipment Free play Sand obile-play equipment Quiet Observation Dramatic Physical & exploration play movement for nature Frequency (%)* Low- oriented 32 27(84.4) 21(65.6) 10(31.3) 15(46.9) 17(21.9) 13(40.6) 1( 3.1) 0(.0) Free choice oriented 47 34(72.3) 29(61.7) 24(51.1) 15(31.9) 14(29.8) 10(21.3) 8(17.0) 4( 8.5) Group oriented 12 11(91.7) 16(50.0) 12(16.7) 16(50.0) 13(25.0) 11( 8.3) 2(16.7) 3(25.0) Sum 91 72(79.1) 56(61.5) 36(39.6) 36(39.6) 24(26.4) 24(26.4) 11(12.1) 7( 7.7) * % refers to the ratio within cluster. Table 12. Frequency (percentage) of the most participation in indoor areas according to type of daily routine in 3 to 5-year-old classes Variables N Block Role play Art Number & Language Sand Cooking usic manipulation Frequency (%)* Low- oriented 19 19(100) 18(94.7) 16(84.2) 0(.0) 2(10.5) 0(.0) 0(.0) 0(.0) Free choice oriented 14 11(78.6) 12(85.7) 10(71.4) 3(21.4) 3(21.4) 1(7.1) 0(.0) 0(.0) Group oriented 24 20(83.3) 21(87.5 19(79.2) 4(16.7) 3(12.5) 1(4.2) 1(4.2) 1(4.2) Sum 57 50(87.7) 51(89.5) 45(78.9) 7(12.3) 8(14.0) 2(3.5) 1(1.8) 1(1.8) * % refers to the ratio within cluster. - 53 -
Table 13. Frequency (percentage) of the most participation in outdoor areas according to type of daily routine in 3 to 5-year-old classes Variables N Fixedplay equipment Free play Sand obileplay equipment Quiet Observation & exploration of nature Game Physical movement Frequency (%)* Low- oriented 19 14(73.7) 9(47.4) 9(47.4) 6(31.6) 6(31.6) 2(10.5) 3(15.8) 4(21.1) 3(15.8) Free choice oriented 14 10(71.4) 9(64.3) 7(50.0) 2(14.3) 3(21.4) 6(42.9) 2(14.3) 1( 7.1) 2(14.3) Group oriented 24 22(91.7) 17(70.8) 11(45.8) 7(29.2) 5(20.8) 3(12.5) 5(20.8) 2( 8.3) 0(.0) Sum 57 46(80.7) 35(61.4) 27(47.4) 15(26.3) 14(24.6) 11(19.3) 10(17.5) 7(12.3) 5(8.8) * % refers to the ratio within cluster. - 54 -
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