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1 SLI

2 SLI

3 2001 6

4 ,..,,,,.,,...

5 (1) 13 (2) (1) 16 (2) i -

6 A b stract 38 - ii -

7 1. 200,, /, iii -

8 ,, iv -

9 SLI. (SLI), ,,, ,

10 :,,,

11 S LI < >. (specific lan gu age im pairm ent )...,,. 1), 2 ) 3,4,5,6 )., 7 ) - 3 -

12 ,,,,. 8,9 ),..,.. 4 )..,,.. 10,11 )., 4,12,13 ).,. 12 ),,. 14 ) - 4 -

13 ,. 12 ) (fine - tuning ). 15 ), F urrow Nelson 16 ) Gleitm an 17 ). New port 19 ). 15 ) F urrow 19 ) S eit z St ew art 20 ). P aul Elw ood 14 ). Bondurant 18 ).. Snow 2 1) (sem antic contin gency ). 2 2 ). F arrar 23 ) (recast ), (expan sion ), (topic continu ation ). P aul 14 ) (im it ation ), (expan sion ), - 5 -

14 (ex ten sion ), (referen ce to child activity ), (ex pan sion ) (ex t en sion ). S cherer Olsw an g 7 ) (ex pan sion ). Nelson Denning er 24 ) 22 (com plex reca st ) (topic chan ge ) (im it ation ) (sim ple recast s ) (continu ation ).,,. Conti- Ram sden 8 ) 2:3 (com plex recast s ), Conti- Ram sden 11) 1:10-3:1 (sim ple recast ).. La sky Klopp 4 ) W ulbert 13 ),. W hit e W hit e 27 ), Kay e Charn ey 28 ), F urrow 19. M cdon ald P ein 25 ), Olsen - F ulero 26 ),

15 . Cunin gham 2 9 ),,. Conti- Ram sden F riel- P atti 8 ),,,,. Lasky Klopp 4 ) P aul 14 ),. Sieg el 10 ),,. Conti- Ram sden 2 ),. Rescorla 30 ),..,. 3 ) - 7 -

16 ,,,. (fine - tuning ) (fine- tunin g ),,..,.. 1.? 2.? 3.? 4.? 5.? - 8 -

17 , 8, 2., 3.. Korean Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K - ABC) 3 1). M acun e- Nicolich 32 ) ) 6.,, 34 )., Ling 35 ) / a, u, i., s/. 36 ) - 9 -

18 ) Denv er 3 8 ),.. 1. M ann - W hitn ey U (z= , p =0.87) (z= , p =0.199), (z= , p =0.381).(p> 0.05),

19 1. /, ( ) 33.7 (4.06) 27.2(3.85) 22.1(3.89) 1.15 (0.12) ( ) 19.7(3.23) 26.3 (2.9 8) 24.8 (3.52) 1.14 (0.12) ( )

20 2.., 2....,, Denv er. 40. AIW A T P - V S610 SV - H33.,,,,,,,. ( 2) ,. 2. /, ,

21 ). 200., ,,. Lun d Du chan 15 ). (1 ), )..,. 200,.,,,

22 ,...,,,.,.. (2 ), ).,..,,

23 ) 2), 3) 2. 1)

24 . (1 ) 30% S ackett 4 1). 88.5%. (2 ) 30% S ackett 4 1 ). (MLU ) 87.6%, 84.5%, 88.2%, 91.7%..., 5% M ann - W hitn ey U., M ann - W hitn ey U.,, Spearm an. SP S S

25 . 1.., ( 4) z p - v alue

27 ., 0.05 ( 6) %, 75%, 5.05% 12.6%, 81.8%, 5.6% ( 1) z p - v alu e

28 1. 200,, ( 8)

30 8. z p - v alu e ,,,...,,, 0.05 ( 9)

31 9.,, z p - v alue ,, 0.05 ( 10)..,.,. 10. z p - v alue

32 ( 11). 11. z p - v alu e (p < 0.05) ( 12). 12. z p - v alu e

33 3.,,,,.,, 0.910(p < 0.01) ( 13). 13. N = * * * * * * p <

34 .,,., (3.04) (1.6) 1.44,, (2,74) (1.89) P aul Elw ood 14 ), W hitehur st 4 2 ) MLU.,,

35 , 1.44,.., ).,..,... H offer Bliss 43 ),,.,. Sieg el 44 ),,,,

36 .. Rescorla 3 0 ), 20% 80%. Rescorla 30 ),,,,., Rescorla 30 ),.. Conti- Ram sden 2 ).,,.,

37 .,,,... Sieg el 44 ).,... Bon durant 18 ), Cunnin gh am 29 )... Ev an s S chmidt 4 5 )..,., Ev an s S chmidt 4 5 )

38 ., Bondurant 18 ). Bondurant 18 ) Murray T rev arthan 46 ). H off- gin sberg 47 ) Yoder 48 )..... Siegel 4 4 ). Siegel 4 4 ) 3-5.,

39 .,.,,.,....,,

40 .,,.,.,,...,..,,..,,

41 ,

42 1) ;5: ) Conti- Ram sden G. M atern al recast s an d other contin gent replies t o languag e- im paired children. J Speech H ear Dis 1990;55: ).,, [ ]: ; ) Lasky EZ, Klopp K. P arent - child int eraction s in n orm al an d lan gu age- disordered children. J Speech Hear Dis 1982;47:7-18 5) Girolam ett o L, T ann ock R. Correlat es of drectiv en ess in the int eraction s of father s an d m other s of children w ith dev elopm ent al delay s. J Speech H ear Res 1994;37: ) Bedrosian JL, W an ska S K, Sykes KM, Sm ith A J, Dalton BM. Conv ersational turn - t aking vilolation s in m other - child int eraction. J Speech H ear Res 1988;31: ) S cherer NJ, Olsw ang LB. Role of m oth er s ' ex pan sion s in stim ulatin g children ' s lan gu age production. J Speech H ear Res 1984;27: ) Conti- Ram sden G, F riel- P atti S. M oth er s ' discour se adju stm ent s t o lnagu age- im paired an d non - languag e- im paired children. J Speech Hear Dis 1983;48: ) W ilkin son LC, Hiebert E, Rem bold K. P arent s ' an d peer s ' com m unication to t oddlers. J Speech H ear Res 1981;24: ) Leonard LB. Children w ith specific languag e impairm ent. Lon don : M a ssachu sett s In stitute of T echn ology ; 1998 p ) Conti- Ram sden G, Hutch eson GD, Grov e J. Contin gen cy an d break dow n : children w ith SLI and th eir conv er sation s w ith m others and father s. J Speech H ear Res 1995;38:

43 12) F ey M, M arc E. Lan gu age Int erv ention w ith y oun g children. Bost on : College- Hill press, Inc.; 1986 p ) W ulbert M, In glis S, Krieg sm ann E, Mills B. Language delay an d as sociat ed m other - child int eraction s. Dev P sy ch ol 1975;11: ) P aul R, Elw ood T J. M atern al lin guistic input t o t oddler s w ith slow ex pres siv e lan gu ag e dev elopm ent. J Speech H ear Res 1991;34: ) Lund NJ, Duchan JF. A ssessing children ' s lan gu age in n aturalistic cont ex t s. 3rd ed. En glew ood Cliffs : prentice- H all, Inc.; 1993 p ) F urrow D, an d K. N elson. A furth er look at the m otherese hypothesis : a reply t o Gleitm an, New port, and Gleitm an. J Child Lan g 1986;13: ) Gleitm an L, New port E, Gleitm an H. T h e current St atu s of the m oth erese hypothesis. J Child Lan g 1984;11: ) Bon durant J, Rom eo D, Kret schm er R. Language b ehavior s of m others of children w ith n orm al and delay ed lan gu age. Languag e, Speech, and H earin g S ervices in S ch ools 1983;14: ) F urrow D, Nelson K, Ben edict H. M others ' speech t o children an d synt actic dev elopm ent : som e sim ple r elation ship. J Child Lan g 1979;6: ) S eit z S, Stew art C. Ex pandin g on ex pan sion s and relat ed aspect s of m oth er - child com m unication. Dev P sy chol 1975;11: ) Snow C. M other s ' speech research : from input to int eraction, in talking t o children : lan gu ag e input an d acquisition, eds. New York : Cam bridge Univ er sity Press ; 1977 p ) Snow C. T he dev elopm ent of conv er sation s bet w een m other s and b abies. J Child Lang 1977;4: ) F arrar M. Discour se an d the acquisition of gram m atical m orph em es. J Child Lang 1990;17: ) Nelson KE., Bonvillian JD., Denning er M S., Kaplan BJ., Baker ND.,

44 M at ern al input adju stm ent s and n on - adju stm ent s a s related t o children ' s lin guistic adv an ces an d to lan gu ag e acquisition theories. In : P ellegrini AD., Yaw ki T D. edit or. T he dev elopm ent of oral and w ritten lan gu age in social cont ex t s Norw ood, NJ : Ablex ; 1984 p ) M cdon ald L, P ein D. M oth er conv er sation al b ehavior as a fun ction of int eractional int ent. J Child Lan g 1982;9: ) Olsen - F ulero L. Style an d st ability in m oth er conv ersational behavior : a stu dy of indiv idual differen ces. J Child Lang 1982;9: ) W hit e S, W hit e R. T he deaf im perativ e: charact eristics of m atern al input t o h earin g impaired children. T op Lang Dis 1984;4: ) Kay e K, Charn ey R. Conv er sational asymm etry bet w een m others an d children J Child Lan g 1981;8: ) Cunin gh am C, Siegel L, v an der Spuy H, Clark M, Bow S. T h e behavioral an d linguistic int eraction s of specifically lan gu age - delay ed an d norm al b oy s w ith th eir m other s. Child Dev 1985;56: ) Rescorla L, F echn ay T. M oth er - child synchrony and com m unicativ e reciprocity in lat e- t alking toddler s. J Speech Hear Res 1996;39: ),. Korean Kaufm an A sses sm ent Batt ery for Children. : ; ) M acune- Nicolich L, Carroll S. Dev elopm ent of sym bolic play : implication s for the languag e specialist. T op Lang Dis 1981;2: ).. : ; ) W in dsor J., H w ang M. T estin g th e Gen eralized slow in g hypoth esis in specific languag e im pairm ent. J Speech Lang Hear Res 1999;42: ) Ling D, Ling AH. Aural habilit ation. W ashin gt on DC: A G. Bell A s sociation for the Deaf; ),.. : ; ) :

45 38). Denv er dev elopm ent al screening test. : ; ),,,,, ;3: ) ;2: ) S ackett CP. Ob servin g b ehavior V ol.2 Baltim ore : Univ er sity P ark Press 1978: ) W hit ehur st G, F alco F, Lonigan C, F ischel J, Debary sh e B, V aldez- M en chaca M et al. An aly sis of int entional com m unication of n orm al children from the prelinguistic t o the m ultiw ord st ag e. Dev P sy chol 1988;24: ) H offer P, Bliss L. M atern al v erbal respon siv enes s w ith languag e- im paired, stag e- m at ched, and age - m at ch ed n orm al children. J Appl Dev P sy chol 1990;11: ) Sieg el L, Cunningham C, v an der Spuy H. Int eraction s of lan gu age delay ed an d n orm al presch ool children w ith their m oth er s. P aper presented at th e M eeting of th e S ociety for Research in Child Dev elopm ent ; ) Ev an s MA, S chmidt F. Repeat ed book readin g w ith tw o children : Lan gu age - n orm al and lan gu ag e- im paired. F ir st Lan g 1991;11: ) M array L, T rev arthan C. T h e infant ' s role in m oth er - infant com m unication s. J Child Lan g. 1986;13: ) H off- Gin sberg E. F un ction an d structure in m atern al speech : T h eir relation t o the child ' s dev elopm ent of synt ax. Dev P sy chol 1986;22: ) Yoder P. M at ernal question u se predict s lat er lan gu ag e dev elopm ent in specific languag e disordered children. J Speech H ear Dis 1989;54:

46 Abs trac t Co mpa ris o n betwee n mo the rs ' s ty le s of co nve rs atio n w ith S LI and no rma l c hildre n Eu n-mi Pa rk Graduate P rog ram in Sp eech P athology, Y ons ei Univers ity (Directed by Professor Eun - Sook P ark ) M atern al lin guistic input play s an im portant r ole in child ' s lan guag e aquisition an d dev elopm ent. But SLI(specific lan guag e im pairm ent ) children ' s delayed language developm ent can lead to m other s ' inappropriate conv er sation style, w hich m ight also influ en ce the lan guag e dev elopm ent of the children. From the per spective of this view, it can be as sum ed that the comm unicative behavior s of SLI children ' s m others m ay be different from m others of norm al children. T he purpose of our study is that SLI children w ere com pared with norm ally developing children similar in MLU, and it w as inv estigated whether m others of SLI children differed from m other s of norm ally developing children in comm unicative features like MLU, sem antic contingency and directiv e m ode. It w as also ex am ined whether SLI children differed from MLU - m atched norm al children in frequency of utterances and sem antic contingency. T he results w ere a s follow s

47 1. T here w ere no significant group differences on m other s ' MLU. Also, th ere w er e n o statistical significan ce in the m oth er - child M LU differ ence. 2. SLI children ' s m other s utterances w ere m ore noncontingent to childr en ' s utt eran ces, b ehav ior s an d focu s of play. An d they pr odu ced significantly few er responses to children ' s utterances. 3. T here w as no differences betw een tw o m other s ' groups in any item s of dir ectiv e m ode. A nd th e fr equen cy of t ot al question s an d inform ation - seeking question s is not significantly differed betw een tw o m others ' groups. 4. W hen children ' s comm unicative features w ere compared, SLI children show ed m ore noncontingent utterances than norm al children. 5. T here w as a high correlation betw een m others ' noncontingent utterances and children ' s noncontingent utterances. And there w as a high correlation betw een m other s ' no respon ses and children ' s noncontingent utterances. F rom these results, SLI children ' s m other s show ed m ore m other - lead comm unicative features than norm al children ' s m other s. How ever, SLI children ' s utterances also w ere m ore noncontingent than norm ally developing children. T herefore the comm unication betw een m other s and children m ay be in a reciprocity not in one- w ay. M ajor clinical application of this study is in the education for m others aft er ob servin g the inter action s b etw een m oth er s and children. S ur ely it can lead t o better pr ognosis. A nd a str on g point of this study is th at SLI childr en and n orm ally dev elopin g childr en ar e not ag e- m atch ed but language- m atched, that m akes possible to interpret m ore ex actly

48 F inally, further studies should control the siblings w hose language m ight affect s SLI children ' s langua ge dev elopm ent. M or e con cret e an aly sis of contingent utterances is needed, and the m ean tim e of play of the m others and the children in a day should be further investigated. k ey w ord s : SLI(specific language im pairm ent ), m others ' inappropriate conv er sation style, s em antic contin g ency, recipr ocity

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