Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.389-411 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.389 A Study on the Secondary School Teachers' Perceptions of the Teacher Leadership and the Feasibility of the Teacher Leadership in China Purpose: The purpose of this study was to check the level of teacher leadership in China and to explore the policy directions for the feasibility of the teacher leadership. Method: The TLSS(Teacher Leadership School Survey) by Katzenmeyer & Moller(2009) was used to explore teachers perceptions. The primary data for this study were obtained from 253 secondary teachers in China. Results: The perceptions of the teachers about teacher leadership were somewhat positive(m=3.35). They perceived the collegiality of the seven categories of teacher leadership as the most positive factor. Conclusion: The positive perception of the collegiality and the positive environment would affect the teacher leadership positively. However, school administrators are required to recognize the importance of the shared leadership and set the school conditions for professional leadership. A professional learning community(plc) could be suggested as a way for the teacher leadership development. Key words : teacher leadership, teacher leadership in China, TLSS Corresponding Author: Joo, Chul-An. Pusan National University, Dept. of Education, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumieong-gu, Busan, Korea, e-mail: cajoo@pusan.ac.kr
. 20 (Smylie, Conley & Marks, 2005). - (, 2011)., (, 2015).., (PENG, C.,, 2015).,,. (Danielson, 2006; Dylan, 2016; Mulford & Silins, 2003; Philip, 2012) (O Connor & Boles, 1992)..,, - (Team-Member Exchange) (,,, 2016;,, 2013;,, 2012).,, (, 2008)., (,, 2012). Katzenmeyer Moller(2009) TLSS (2011). (2011).
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. Lieberman(1992). 16 Copland (Copland, 2003). (Stone, Horejs, & Lomas, 1997).., (Smylie, 1995), (Blase & Anderson, 1995), (Stone, Horejs, & Lomas, 1997).,., (Dylan, 2016; Leithwood & Jantzi, 1998), (Mary & Pamela, 2013)., (Crowther, 2003as cited in Muijs & Harris)., (Katzenmeyer & Moller, 2009; Ovando, 1996; Fackler & Malmberg, 2016)., (Sickler, 1988; Weiner, 2011), (O Connor & Boles, 1992)., (Harris et al., 2013) (, 2008; Philip, 2012).. (, 2009;,,, 2016),, (,, 2015). (, 2010), (, 2014)... Smylie(1995) Paul Bredeson, Renee Clift, Robert Crowson, Michael Fullan, David
Hansen, Kenneth Leithwood, Ann Lieberman, Karen Seashore Louis, R. Bruce McPherson Joseph Murphy. Stone, Horejs Lomas(1997). Gunter(2006), Danielson(2006),. Katzenmeyer Moller(2009),,. de Villiers Pretorius(2011), Eargle(2013), Struyve, Meredit Gielen(2014), Hairon, Goh Chua(2015), Wilson(2016) Katzenmeyer Moller(2009). Katzenmeyer Moller(2009) 7. Katzenmeyer Moller(2009) 7 (developmental focus), (recognition), (autonomy), (collegiality), (participation), (open communication), (positive environment). (developmental focus). (recognition),. (autonomy). (collegiality). (participation).
(open communication). (positive environment)... 4,,,.,. (), (), (), () 2017 4 1 8 8 52 300, 253. < -1>. n % 63 24.9 190 75.1 153 60.5 100 39.5
( ) n % 5 86 34.0 5 10 23 9.1 10 15 18 7.1 15 20 30 11.9 20 25 44 17.4 25 52 20.5 31 12.2 177 70.0 41 16.2 4 1.6 253 100.0 (Teacher Leadership School Survey: TLSS). TLSS(Katzenmeyer & Katzenmeyer, 2005), (Wills, 2015). TLSS (developmental focus), (recognition), (autonomy), (collegiality), (participation), (open communication), (positive environment) 7. 7 49, (,,,, ). (,, 2012) TLSS,.. TLSS Cronbach s α.98, Cronbach s α.873.921.
< -2> TLSS. 1 2 3 4, 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Cronbach's α 25 26 27 28 7.906 7.887 7.873 7.913
( ) Cronbach's α 29 30 31 7.940 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47,, 48, 49 7.908 7.921 49.98 SPSS 24.,.,..
. < -1>. N M SD 253 3.45.790 253 3.46.732 253 3.30.750 253 3.49.753 253 3.11.948 253 3.29.809 253 3.34.814 3.35.715 3.35. (M=3.49),,., (M=3.11).,,,,,,. 1) 전문성개발 < -2>.
M SD 6 28 82 92 45 (2.4) (11.1) (32.4) (36.4) (17.8) 3.56.985 10 55 89 59 40 (4.0) (21.7) (35.2) (23.3) (15.8) 3.25 1.087 9 38 101 68 37 (3.6) (15.0) (39.9) (26.9) (14.6) 3.34 1.017 7 35 101 67 43, (2.8) (13.8) (39.9) (26.5) (17.0) 3.41 1.014 3 20 113 75 42 (1.2) (7.9) (44.7) (29.6) (16.6) 3.53.902 6 16 107 80 44 (2.4) (6.3) (42.3) (31.6) (17.4) 3.55.931 6 27 102 75 43 (2.4) (10.7) (40.3) (29.6) (17.0) 3.48.974 3.45.79 3.45 7. (M=3.56), (M=3.55), (M=3.53)., (M=3.25). 2) 인정감 < -3>. 7 (2.8) 3 (1.2) 17 (6.7) 18 (17.1) 109 (43.1) 114 (45.1) 73 (28.9) 72 (28.5) 47 (18.6) 46 (18.2) M SD 3.54.961 3.55.910
( ) M SD 3 7 111 85 47 (1.2) (2.8) (43.9) (33.6) (18.6) 3.66.852 7 46 96 76 28 (2.8) (18.2) (37.9) (30.0) (11.1) 3.28.979 13 40 94 72 34 (5.1) (15.8) (37.2) (28.5) (13.4) 3.29 1.051 5 27 107 74 40 (2.0) (10.7) (42.3) (29.2) (15.8) 3.46.949 7 19 114 78 35 (2.8) (7.5) (45.1) (30.8) (13.8) 3.45.919 3.46.73 3.46 7. (M=3.66) (M=3.55), (M=3.54)., (M=3.29), (M=3.28). 3) 자율성 < -4>. 1 (0.4) 12 (4.7) 6 (2.4) 4 (1.6) 12 (4.7) 62 (24.5) 31 (12.3) 17 (6.7) 102 (40.3) 81 (32.0) 110 (43.5) 110 (43.5) 89 (35.2) 66 (26.1) 77 (30.4) 75 (29.6) 49 (19.4) 32 (12.6) 29 (11.5) 47 (18.6) M SD 3.68.851 3.17 1.084 3.36.923 3.57.922
( ) M SD 12 54 95 59 33 (4.7) (21.3) (37.5) (23.3) (13.0) 3.19 1.062 30 63 80 61 19 (11.9) (24.9) (31.6) (24.1) (7.5) 2.91 1.123 10 38 114 63 28 (4.0) (15.0) (45.1) (24.9) (11.1) 3.24.972 3.30.75 3.30 7. (M=3.68), (M=3.57).,,,. (M=2.91). 4) 동료간협조관계 < -5>. 5 (2.0) 4 (1.6) 2 (0.8) 4 (1.6) 6 (2.4) 21 (8.3) 36 (14.2) 24 (9.5) 14 (5.5) 19 (7.5) 109 (43.1) 101 (39.9) 118 (46.6) 107 (42.3) 112 (44.3) 76 (30.0) 77 (30.4) 70 (27.7) 82 (32.4) 80 (31.6) 42 (16.6) 35 (13.8) 39 (15.4) 46 (18.2) 36 (14.2) M SD 3.51.933 3.41.949 3.47.893 3.60.901 3.48.911
( ) M SD 8 20 111 79 35 (3.2) (7.9) (43.9) (31.2) (13.8) 3.45.935 7 22 104 73 47 (2.8) (8.7) (41.1) (28.9) (18.6) 3.52.982 3.49.75 3.49 7. (M=3.60) (M=3.52), (M=3.51)., (M=3.41). 5) 의사결정에의참여 < -6>. M SD 20 47 96 55 35 (7.9) (18.6) (37.9) (21.7) (13.8) 3.15 1.120 20 56 86 63 28 (7.9) (22.1) (34.0) (24.9) (11.1) 3.09 1.107 23 57 85 65 23 (9.1) (22.5) (33.6) (25.7) (9.1) 3.03 1.101 13 47 91 75 27 (5.1) (18.6) (36.0) (29.6) (10.7) 3.22 1.034 29 66 79 51 28 (11.5) (26.1) (31.2) (20.2) (11.1) 2.93 1.168 22 50 85 67 29 (8.7) (19.8) (33.6) (26.5) (11.5) 3.12 1.122 16 48 92 67 30 (6.3) (19.0) (36.4) (26.5) (11.9) 3.19 1.073 3.10.95
3.10 7. (M=3.22) (M=3.19)., (M=2.93). 6) 개방적의사소통 < -7>. M SD 18 49 102 59 25 (7.1) (19.4) (40.3) (23.3) (9.9) 3.09 1.050 18 46 96 63 30 (7.1) (18.2) (37.9) (24.9) (11.9) 3.16 1.081 15 38 105 68 27 (5.9) (15.0) (41.5) (26.9) (10.7) 3.21 1.021 8 26 108 75 36 (3.2) (10.3) (42.7) (29.6) (14.2) 3.42.962 5 20 117 72 39 (2.0) (7.9) (46.2) (28.5) (15.4) 3.47.915 9 27 104 78 35 (3.6) (10.7) (41.1) (30.8) (13.8) 3.41.974 17 37 94 78 27 (6.7) (14.6) (37.2) (30.8) (10.7) 3.24 1.047 3.29.81 3.29 7. (M=3.47) (M=3.42), (M=3.41)., (M=3.09).
7) 긍정적환경 < -8>. M SD 4 13 118 79 39 (1.6) (5.1) (46.6) (31.2) (15.4) 3.54.870 10 50 98 63 32 (4.0) (19.8) (38.7) (24.9) (12.6) 3.23 1.032 10 35 100 79 29 (4.0) (13.8) (39.5) (31.2) (11.5) 3.32.983 21 41 100 61 30 (8.3) (16.2) (39.5) (24.1) (11.9) 3.15 1.092,, 12 34 106 66 35 (4.7) (13.4) (41.9) (26.1) (13.8) 3.31 1.023 11 37 101 74 30, (4.3) (14.6) (39.9) (29.2) (11.9) 3.30 1.002 4 21 105 84 39 (1.6) (8.3) (41.5) (33.2) (15.4) 3.53.907 3.34.81 3.34 7. (M=3.54) (M=3.53)., (M=3.15)...,. 7
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