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2 BUP JO (Korean Lawyers Association Journal) January 2005 CONTENTS Volume 580 Articles Fallgruppen der Gesetzeskonkurrenz und ihre Bewertungsmethode K im, S eong -D on / 29 Re- examination of "Consent" of the Party in Criminal Procedural Law M in, Y oung - S ung / 68 Zusammengesetzte Delikte: ihre Struktur und Beziehung zu Sonderdelikten H an, Sang -H oon / 96 A Study on Civil Enforcement against Foreign Ship in America L ee, Gy oo-h o / 134 Die Fehlvorstellungen uber einen Marktpreis eines Vertragsgegenstands und der Irrtumerschutz nach den 110, 109 KBGB K im, Sang - J oong / 167 Special Issue On the 9th Annual Conference and General meeting of the International Association of Prosecutors K eum, Tae- S up / 188 Legal Practice Study T he Improvement of Korean Migration Policy L ee, Gy u- H ong / 217 Foreign Material Sphere of Application of CISG K im, In-H o / 255

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116 7.,,,. 2.,,, (Sonderpflicht),.,,.,,,,, ; ; (V o l )

117 .,,, ,,.,,,..,.,,,,,, ,. 133

118 ..... (arrest) (attachment).,. (i), (ii), (iii),,, (preferred maritime liens), (iv) ( ), (v) ( ; ), (vi) ( ), (vii), (viii), (ix)., (preferred maritime liens),, attachment, arrest in rem (V o l )

119 (arrest) (attachment)

120 18 (maritime claims) (arrest in rem; C ), (admiralty attachment; B ). 1) (Supplemental Rules for Certain Admiralty and Maritime Claims of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure; ) B (attachment) 2) C (arrest) 3). C (arrest in rem; C ) B (admiralty attachment; B ).. (i) (an action in personam), (ii) B, (iii) C (arrest). B C ) William T etley, Arrest, Attachment, and Related Maritime Law Procedures, 73 Tul. L. Rev. 1895, 1928 (1999)( T etley, A. A. R. ). 2) Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule B ( Supp. Rule B ). B (general maritime law ) (See Schiffahartsgesellschaft Leonhardt & Co. v. Bottacchi S.A. de Navegacion, 773 F.2d 1528, , 1986 AMC 1, 4-9 (11th Cir. 1985)). 3) Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule C ( Supp. Rule C ) (V o l )

121 2... (in rem action). 4) (res)- -. (in rem arrest).. 5). (in rem). (in personam action) (arrest) (saisie conservatoire; conservatory attachment). 6) ( ). 7). 8). 4) T etley, A. A. R., supra note 1, at ) Id. 6) Id. at ) Id. at ) Id. 137

122 (1). (arrest in rem) (maritime attachment). 9). C. 10). 11) (maritime property). 12). 13) (juridical person). 14).. 15) 9) Id. at ) Supp. R. C (Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. R. A( Supp. R. A ). 11) Thomas J. Schoenbaum, Admiralty and Maritime Law 896(2d. ed. 1994). 12) Grant Gilmore & Charles L. Black, Jr., The Law of Admiralty 589 (Foundation Press, Inc., 2d ed. 1975). 13) Schoenbaum, supra note 11, at ) Francis X. Nolan III, Recent Issues in Financing Vessels, C133 ALI- ABA 345, 347(1995). 15) Nicholas J. Healy & David J. Sharpe, Cases and Materials on Admiralty (3d ed., 1999) (V o l )

123 .. 16),,. 17). 18)... 19) C B. (2) C C 20) C. 21) C 16) Gilmore & Black, supra note 12, at ) Id. at ) Schoenbaum, supra note 11, at ) Id. 20) Republic Nat 'l Bank v. United States, 506 U.S. 80, 84, 88-89, 1993 AMC 2010, 2013, (1992). 21) See Navieros Inter- Americanos v. M/ V Vasilia Express, 120 F.3d 304, 313, 1997 AMC 2845, 2856(1st Cir. 1997); Sembawang Shipyard, Ltd. v. Charger, Inc. & M/V Charger, 955 F.2d 983, 987, 1993 AMC 1341, 1345(5th Cir. 1992); Rainbow Line, Inc. v. M/ V T equila, 480 F.2d 1024, 1028, 1973 AMC 1431, 1436(2d Cir. 1973); Garcia v. M/ V Kubbar, 4 F. Supp. 2d 99, 103, 1998 AMC 893, 896(N.D.N.Y. 1998). C 1. C 139

124 . 22) C.,. 23). 24). E 4 f... 25) (constructive in rem).. 26) (See Trinidad Foundry & Fabricating Ltd. v. M/ V K.A.S. Camilla, 962 F.2d 613, , 1992 AMC 2636, 2641(11th Cir. 1992); Heidmar, Inc. v. Anomina Ravennate di Armanento S.P.A., 993 F. Supp. 990, , 1998 AMC 47, 52(S.D. T ex. 1997), vacated on other grounds, 132 F.3d 264, 1998 AMC 982 (5th Cir. 1998).). 22) Alyeska Pipeline Serv. Co. v. The Vessel Bay Ridge, 703 F.2d 381, 384, 1983 AMC 2719, 2721(9th Cir. 1983). 23) Supp. Rule C (3). 24) Supp. Rule C(2), (3). 25) Bay Casino, LLC v. M/ V Royal Empress, No. 98 CV 2333(SJ), 1998 WL , 2, 1998 AMC 2226, 2233(E.D.N.Y. Aug. 21, 1998). 26) See Treasure Salvors, Inc. v. The Unidentified Wrecked & Abandoned Sailing Vessel, 640 F.2d 560, 566, 1981 AMC 1857, 1864(5th Cir (V o l )

125 . 27) ).. 29) 30) C 6. 31) (the claim of owner). 32) 1981); R.M.S. Titanic, Inc. v. The Wrecked & Abandoned Vessel Believed to be the R.M.S. Titanic, 9 F. Supp. 2d 624, , 1998 AMC 2421, (E.D. Va. 1998); Marex Int 'l, Inc. v. The Unidentified, Wrecked & Abandoned Vessel, 952 F. Supp. 825, 828, 1998 AMC 484, (S.D. Ga. 1997); Moyer v. The Wrecked & Abandoned Vessel Known as The Andrea Doria, 836 F. Supp. 1099, 1104, 1994 AMC 1021, (D.N.J. 1993). 27) Supp. Rule C. 28) Cont 'l Grain Co. v. Fed. Barge Lines, Inc., 268 F.2d 240, 243, 1959 AMC 2158, (5th Cir. 1959), aff'd sub nom. Cont 'l Grain Co. v. Barge FBL- 585, 364 U.S. 19, 24, 1961 AMC 1, 7(1960). 29) Steven F. Friedell & Nicholas J. Healy, An Introduction to In Rem Jurisdiction and Procedure in the United States, 20 J. Mar. L. & Com. 55, 64(1989). 30) E. (Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule E(3)(b)). 31) Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule C(6). 141

126 ,. 33) 34) 35) P & I (letter of undertaking) 36). (letter of credit), (surety bond), 3 (escrow account). 37) 38) 32) Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule C(6); Cactus Pipe & Supply Co. v. M/V Montmartre, 756 F.2d 1103, 1107 n. 5, 1110, 1985 AMC 2150, 2153 n. 5, (5th Cir. 1985); The Cartona, 297 F. 827, , 1924 AMC 771, 772(2d Cir. 1924). 33) See, e.g., The Cartona, 297 F. at , 1924 AMC at ) See, e.g., Panaconti Shipping Co., S.A. v. M/ V Ypapanti, 865 F.2d 705, , 1989 AMC 1417, (5th Cir. 1989); In re Atl. Gulf & W. Indies S.S. Lines, 20 F.2d 975, 975, 1927 AMC 1084, 1085(S.D.N.Y. 1927). 35) See, e.g., Cont 'l Grain Co., 268 F.2d at 243 & n.3, 1959 AMC at & n. 3, aff'd sub nom. Cont 'l Grain Co., 364 U.S. at 19, 1961 AMC at 1. 36) Friedell & Healy, supra note 29, at 64-65; P&I clubs see Raymond P. Hayden & Sanford E. Balick, Marine Insurance: Varieties, Combinations, and Coverages, 66 Tul. L. Rev. 311, (1991); Norman J. Ronneberg, Jr., An Introduction to the Protection & Indemnity Clubs and the Marine Insurance They Provide, 3 U.S.F. Mar. L.J. 1, 1-36(1991). P&I club L & L Marine Transp., Inc. v. M/V Hokuetsu Hope, 895 F. Supp. 297, , 1998 AMC 2638, (S.D. Ala. 1995). 37) Friedell & Healy, supra note 29, at E (Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule E(5)). 38) Cactus Pipe, 756 F.2d at 1115, 1985 AMC at (citing Cont 'l Grain, 364 U.S. at 38, 1961 AMC at 15-16(Whittaker & Douglas, JJ., (V o l )

127 . 39) (personification). 40). 41).. 42).. 43) ( ).. 44) ( ) 3. 45) dissenting)). 39) United States v. Republic Marine, Inc., 829 F.2d 1399, , 1988 AMC 2507, (7th Cir. 1987); Catus Pipe, 756 F.2d at 1107, 1110, 1985 AMC at 2154, 2159; L & L Marine, 895 F.Supp. at , 1998 AMC at ; T amini v. M/V Jewon, 699 F.Supp. 105, 106, 1988 AMC 2093, 2094(S.D. T ex. 1988). 40) George K. Walker, The Personification of the Vessel in United States Civil In Rem Actions and the International Law Context, 15 Tul. Mar. L.J. 177, 195(1991). 41) Martin Davies, In Defense of Unpopular Virtues: Personification and Ratification, 73 Tul. L. Rev. 337, 358(2000). 42) Id. 43) Fed. R. Civ. P. Supp. Rule E(8)( Supp. Rule E(8) ). 44) Davies, supra note 41, at

128 . ( ).. 46). Cactus Pipe & Supply Co. M/V Montmartre ) 48).. 45) 12 h 1. See Ins. Corp. of Ir. v. Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinee, 456 U.S. 694, 703(1982); Jackson v. Hayakawa, 582 F.2d 1344, 1347(9th Cir. 1982); Amen v. City of Dearborn, 532 F.2d 554, 558 n. 7(6th Cir. 1976), rev 'd in part on other grounds, 718 F.2d 789(6th Cir. 1983). 46) (Cactus Pipe, 756 F.2d at 1109, 1985 AMC at ). (All Pac. Trading, Inc. v. M/ V Hanjin Yosu, 7 F.3d 1427, , 1994 AMC 365, 368(9th Cir. 1993)). 47) 756 F.2d at , 1985 AMC at ) Trade Arbed, Inc. v. M/ V Swallow, 688 F.Supp. 1095, 1105, 1989 AMC 2218, (E.D.La. 1988); Truehart v. Blandon, 685 F.Supp. 956, (E.D.La. 1988) (V o l )

129 C,. 49).. 69 a (writ of execution). 50) (district). 51). 52) 49) Gilmore & Black, supra note 12, at (Alyeska Pipeline Serv. Co., 703 F.2d at 384, 1983 AMC at ).. 50) 69 a.,. [ ].. 51) (district) (28 U.S.C. 1963). (Id.). 52) Am Home Assuance Co. v. L & L Marine Serv., Inc., 153 F.3d 616, , 1998 AMC 2789, (8th Cir. 1998)( 69 a ). 145

130 .. 53). 54). (public vessel). 55) B C (Public Vessels Act) (Suits in Admiralty Act). 56) (Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act) 57) 58) C B. C. 59) (3) B B 1 53) Friedell & Healy, supra note 29, at ) 46 U.S.C (a),(b)(1)( ); id (5), 31326(b)(1) ( ); id (a)(1) and (2) ( ); see also Supp. Rule C(1)(a) ( ). 55) 46 U.S.C (3), 31342(b). 56) Id. app ) 28 U.S.C. 1330, 1332(a), 1391(f), 1441(d), (1997). 58) Id. 1604, 1605(a)(2), 1605(b); Coastal Cargo Co. v. M/ V Gustay Sule, 942 F.Supp. 1082, , 1997 AMC 193, (E.D.La. 1996). 59) 28 U.S.C. 1610(e) (V o l )

131 (district) 3 (garnishee) (effects).. 60) B (conservatory attachment). 61). 62) B C. 63) B C (,, ) 3. 64). 65) B (sister ship arrest in rem). (district) 60) See Transamerica Leasing Inc. v. Frota Oceanica E. Amazonica, S.A., No CB- 5, 1997 WL , 2, 1998 AMC 254, 256(S.D. Ala. June 26, 1997); Western Bulk Carriers(Aust. 1.), Pty. Ltd. v. P.S. Int 'l, Ltd., 762 F. Supp. 1302, 1305, 1991 AMC 2828, 2831(S.D. Ohio 1991). 61) William T etley, Maritime Liens and Claims (2d ed. 1998)( T etley, M.L.C. ). 62) See Swift & Co. Packers v. Compania Colombiana Del Caribe, S.A., 339 U.S. 684, 693, 1950 AMC 1089, (1950). 63) T etley, M.L.C., supra note 61, at ) Id. at ) Id. at

132 . 66) B (district). 67) B (a) 68) (b).. 69) B.. 70) B. 71). 72) B. 66) Id. at ) Id. at ) See Helicopteros Nacionales de Colombia, S.A. v. Hall, 466 U.S. 408, 414 nn.8-9(1984); Ocean Chem. Transp., Inc. v. Cotton, 702 So. 2d 1272, 1998 AMC 38, 39(Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1997). 69) (district) [See Heidmar, 132 F.3d at , 1998 AMC at ]. 70) See West of England Ship Owners Mut. Ins. Ass 'n v. McAllister Bros., 829 F. Supp. 122, 124, 1993 AMC 2559, (E.D. Pa. 1993). 71) See Bay Casino, 1998 WL , at 2, 1998 AMC at ) B [See Navieros Inter- Americanos, 120 F.3d (V o l )

133 . 73) B C. 74) B, (affidavit). (1), (2), (3), (4) (general maritime law). 75) 1985 (ex parte)... 76) E 4 f. (4) E 5 at 315, 1997 AMC at 2858; Limonium Maritime, S.A. v. Mizushima Marinera, S.A., 961 F. Supp. 600, 605, 1997 AMC 2938, 2944(S.D.N.Y. 1997).]. 73) Supp. Rule C (1)(b); C B (See Heidmar, 132 F.3d at 268, 1998 AMC at ). 74) T etley, A. A. R., supra note 1, at ) See Transamerica, 1997 WL , at 2, 1998 AMC at ) Supp. Rule B(1). 149

134 B C. (res: ) 77). 78) (special bond) ( E 5 a ). B C.. (i) (ii) 2. 79) (general bond). B C. 2. P & I club (escrow deposit). 80),. 81) (countersecurity). 82) 77) T etley, M.L.C., supra note 61, at ) Id. 79) See 20th Century Fox Film Corp. v. M/V Ship Agencies, Inc., 992 F. Supp. 1429, 1429 (M.D. Fla. 1997); Lion de Mer, S.A. v. M/V Loretta D, NO. Civ. L , 1998 WL , at 2, 1998 AMC 1410, 1412 (D. Md. Apr. 3, 1998). 80) Supp. Rule E (5)(c). 81) Id. Rule E (7). 82) See T echem Chem. Co. v. M/ T Choyo Maru, 416 F. Supp. 960, (V o l )

135 .. 83). 84) (5) B C B C. (bad faith) (malice) (gross negligence) B C. 85) B C.. 86). 87) (6) ,. 88) ) ( 70, 972, 1976 AMC 1954, , 1972(D. Md. 1976). 83) 46 U.S.C (a)(1997). 84) Id (b). 85) See T etley, M.L.C., supra note 61, at (citing Frontera Fruit Co. v. Dowling, 91 F.2d 293, 297, 1937 AMC 1259, 1266(5th Cir. 1937)). 86) See Zak Marine Co. v. Exportkhleb, Nos , , 1993 WL , at 3, 1993 AMC 1794, (E.D. La. 1992). 87) See Wertman v. Mar del Sud, Ltd., 1995 AMC 1130, 1136(D. Alaska 1995). 88) See U.S. Const. amend. V. 151

136 )- (garnishment)- B C.. 90). 91) 1985 B C. B C, ( ). B C B C. 92) C 4 10 C. 93) 1988 (Commercial Instruments and Maritime Liens Act in 1988).. (i), (ii) a d (iii) 89) See id. amend. XIV. 90) Shaffer v. Heitner, 433 U.S. 186(1977); Fuentes v. Shevin, 407 U.S. 67(1972); Sniadach v. Family Fin. Corp., 395 U.S. 337(1969). 91) See T etley, M.L.C., supra note 61, at nn ) Supp. Rule E(4)(F). 93) T etley, M.L.C., supra note 61, at , (V o l )

137 . 94) )... 96) 60 (support collection unit)... 97) ) See Commercial Instruments & Maritime Liens Act, 46 U.S.C (d)(1)(A), (B), (C)(1997). 95) Rosenthal v. Graves, 168 Misc. 845, 6 N.Y.S.2d 766(1938). 96) Jack H. Friedenthal, Civil Procedure 727(3d ed., 1999). 97) Alcor, Inc. v. Balanoff, 45 A.D.2d 795, 357 N.Y.S.2d 160(1974). 153

138 . 98).. 1. (maritime lien) (lex maritima). 99),. 100),, (Maritime Lien Act), 101) 102). (Federal Maritime Lien Act) 103) (Ship Mortgage Act) 104). 105), (preferred mortgage lien) 106) 98) Friedenthal, supra note 96, at ) Paul M. Hebert, The Origin and Nature of Maritime Liens, 4 Tul. L. Rev. 381, (1930). 100) Gilmore & Black, supra note 12, at ) Pub. L. No , 102(c), 102 Stat. 4735, 4741, (codified at 46 U.S.C , (1988)). 102) Id. at (codified at 46 U.S.C (1988)). 103) 46 U.S.C (1994). 104) Id. at (1996)( 46 U.S.C ) 105) ) Id. at 31322, a (V o l )

139 107) 108) 109). 110) (necessaries) (46 U.S.C (4)). 111). 112). 113) a.. (1). (2) (3) (A). (B) ) Rainbow Line, Inc. v. M/ V T equila, 480 F.2d 1024(2d Cir. 1973). 108) (preferred maritime lien). (A) 31321, (B), (C) 31341, (D), (E) (general average), (F) (Id (5)). 109) 46 U.S.C (b)(1). 110) Donglai Yang, A Comparative Analysis of Maritime Lien Priority under United States And Chinese Maritime Law, 23 Tul. Mar. L.J. 465, 469(1999). 111) Id. at 31301(4)(,, ). 112) Schoenbaum, supra note 11, at

140 . 114). 115). 116). 117). 118) 2. (P re fe rred S hip Mo rtgages ) (documented). 119) (net ton) 113) See, e.g., United States v. One 254 Foot Freighter, 570 F. Supp. 413 (E.D. La. 1983), aff'd, 768 F.2d 597, 1986 AMC 1915(5th Cir. 1985). 114) Yang, supra note 110, at ) Id. at ) Id. at 31323(a).,. 117) Id. at 31323(b). 118) Id. 119) 46 U.S.C (V o l )

141 . 120) (Department of Transportation) (National Vessel Documentation Center) (Certificate of Documentation).,,,.. 121). 122).. 123). 124).. 125). 126) (UCC) ) 120) Id. at ) Patrick A. Guilda, Lessons in Fitting Your Square Collateral into the UCC's Round Hole, SC78 ALI- ABA 151, 157(1998). 122) 46 U.S.C ) Id. at ) Id. at ) Id. at 31322(a)(3)(B). 126) Guilda, supra note 121, at

142 (General Index or Abstract of Title) ( CG- 1332).. 128) 129) ) (Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976; FSIA ). 131) (Maritime Law Association) 132) Mathias 133) 127) Id. 128) Id. 129) 46 U.S.C ) Id. at ) 28 U.S.C. 1330, (1976), amended by 28 U.S.C. 1605(a)(6), (b)(1), (c)- (d), 1610(a)(6), (e). 132) Report of the Committee on Revision of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, MLA Fall Meeting, Nov. 2, 1984, MLA Doc. No. 657, 8169, 8172(1984) (V o l )

143 ) FSIA 1605 b.. 135). 136) 137) 138). 3.,. 139) (necessaries),,. 140). 141). 142) 133) S. 1071, 99th Cong., 1st Sess.(1985). 134) Pub. L. No , 102 Stat. 3333(1988). 135) 28 U.S.C. 1605(b). 136) H.R.Rep. No. 1487, 94th Cong., 2d Sess. 17 (1976), reprinted in 1976 U.S.C.C.A.N. 6604, ) 28 U.S.C. 1605(b)(1). 138) Id. at 1605(b)(2). 139) 46 U.S.C.A (a)(1)(1994 Pamphlet). 140) Id. at 31301(4)(1994 Pamphlet). 141) Walker- Skageth Food Stores, Inc. v. The Bavois, 43 F.Supp. 109, 110(S.D.N.Y. 1942). 142) Nolan III, supra note 14, at

144 (laches) (bona fide purchaser for value). 143). 144) (attaching liens). 145) - (1) (custodia legis), (2), ( ), (3), (4), (5), (6) ) ). 148) 143) The Salvator, 35 F.Supp. 558(D.Mass. 1940). 144) 46 U.S.C.A (5)(A)(1994 Pamphlet). 145) George L. Varian, Rank and Priority of Maritime Liens, 47 Tul. L. Rev. 751, 753(1973). 146) Nolan III, supra note 14, at ) See e.g., CTI Container Leasing Corp. v. Oceanic Operations Corp., 682 F.2d 377(2d Cir. 1982). 148) See e.g., ICS, Inc. v. M/V PANATLANTIC, 1984 A.M.C. 489(S.D. Fla. 1983) (V o l )

145 4.. (i), (ii) (seizure), (custodia legis), (iii) (maritime lien), (iv), (v) (necessaries) 149). 150) 151) 1926 (Protocol of Signature to the Maritime Liens and Mortgages Convention 1926) 152) (i),, (ii), (iii), (iv). 153).. 154). 155) 149). 150) William T etley, Q.C., Maritime Liens, Mortgages and Conflict of Laws, 6 U.S.F. Mar. L.J. 1, 5(1993)( T etley, M. M. C. ). 151) T etley, M. L. C., supra note 61, at ) International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Maritime Liens and Mortgages, Brussels, April 10, St. Lawrence. 153) T etley, M. M. C., supra note 150, at ) T etley, M. L. C., supra note 61,

146 156).,, (, ), (bottomry). 157) ( ). (notice).. 158). 159),,. (necessaries). 160).. (statutory rights in rem). 161) ) T etley, M. M. C., supra note 150, at ) T etley, M. L. C., supra note 61, at ) Id. at ) T etley, M. M. C., supra note 150, at ) T etly, M. L. C., supra note 61, at ) Id. at ) T etley, M. M. C., supra note 150, at (V o l )

147 162). 163) (preferred maritime liens). (i), (ii), (iii) ( ), (iv). 4 ( )(U.S. contract liens). 5 ( ). 6 ( ) (contract cargo damage liens). 9 (foreign contract liens). (class) ).,. 162) Mobil Sales & Supply Corp. v. PANAMAX VENUS, 804 F.2d 541, 1987 AMC 305(9th Cir. 1986). 163) T etley, M. L. C., supra note 61, at ) Rayon Y. Celanese Peruana v. M/V PHGH, 471 F.Supp (S.D.Ala. 1979). 163

148 . 165). 166),. 167),. 168) (maritime lien). 169), (i) (Supplemental Rule) B (attachment)( saisie conservatoire ) (ii) C (writ in rem) (arrest). 170) 1952 (Arrest of Ships Convention 1952) arrest C (arrest) B (attachment). 171) 165) 46 U.S.C (6)(B). 166) Tropicana Shipping, S.A. v. Empresa Nacional Elcano De La Marina Mercante (CA5 La) 366 F.2d 729(1966). 167) 46 U.S.C.A (b)(2)(West 1993)(formerly 46 U.S.C. app. 951). 168),.. (T etley, M. M. C., supra note 150, at 6). 169) 46 U.S.C.A (a)(4)(B)(West 1993)(formerly 46 U.S.C. app. 973). 170) T etley, M. L. C., supra note 61, at ) saisie saisie conservatoire arrest (V o l )

149 .... (i) (an action in personam), (ii) B, (iii) C (arrest). (in rem). (in personam action) (arrest) (saisie conservatoire; conservatory attachment). ( ).. (i), (ii) (seizure), (custodia legis), (iii) (maritime lien), (iv), (v) (necessaries). International Convention on Arrest of Ships. Arrest.,,,. 1 2 arrest (,, (arrest) - -,, 937, , 1). 165

150 .. (i), (ii), (iii),,, (preferred maritime liens), (iv) ( ), (v) ( ; 172) ), (vi) ( ), (vii), (viii), (ix). 172) ( ) 688,, ,, ( ) 605, ( ) (V o l )

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153 , 1). 110,, ) ( ).., ( ) ,000,000, 1,000,000 14,000,000. * (Supported by Korea University Post- Doc. Grant in 2003 year),. 1). 169

154 ) 2. 90,000,000, 270,000,000 76,000,000., 60,000,000. 3) 3 2) , ( ); , ; , ) , , , , , (V o l )

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172 Different Systems, Common Goals ,400.,, (Seoul Declaration).,,.,,,,,,,., (V o l )

173 ,,,,, International Association of Prosecutors, International Co-operation, Seoul Declaration, The Position and Role of Prosecutor, Citizen' s Particiaption in Criminal Justice System , (Different Systems, Common Goals) ,,.,. 1) 189

174 . 1., DNA DNA. DNA 10.,. ABA(American Bar Association) Journal 2.,.. DNA. 1) 9 ( ) (V o l )

175 .. Prosecutors Fight DNA for Exoneration. 2)..... (IAP-International Association of Prosecutors). 3) UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Branch. 4) ) New York T imes ) T he likely impact of DNA analysis on the detection and prosecution of offenders. 4) The History of IAP 191

176 8 UN UN Kriminalinfo( )., UN. Maria Hajdu, Henk Marquart Scholtz, Eamonn Barnes( ), Minoru Shikita( ), Endre Bocz( ), Barry Hancock( ), Virgil- Constantin Ivan( ), Alfred P.W. Nasaba( ), Werner Roth( ), Friedrich Matousek( ) , 1., 2001 UN. Nicholas Cowdery ,400. 5), (V o l )

177 (1996 ) : The Role of the Prosecutor, 2 (1997 ) : Mutual Cooperation in the Global Village, 3 (1998 ) : Secret Crimes, 4 (1999 ) : Fraud and Corruption, 5 (2000 ) : Human Rights and Prosecutor, 6 (2001 ) : The Prosecutor in the new millenium, 7 (2002 ) : The Threat of Global Crime, Trafficking in Humans, Drugs and Money, 8 (2003 ) : The Fight against T errorism , ) 193

178 .,, 9. 6).,,,,... 7) ). 6) A Proposal to Host The 9th Annual Conference and General Meeting of the International Association of Prosecutors : Seoul 2004(, 2002 ) 7) 7 ( ) 8) ( 100, ) (V o l )

179 ,,,,, Henk Marquart Scholtz, Barry Hancock...,,,,,,,,,.,,,..,,,,,,,,,,,. 2,. (Seoul Declaration),,, 2004., 195

180 ,, , (Different Systems, Common Goals) ,,,..,,, (V o l )

181 . 1 Comparative sentencing exercise Comparative sentencing practice - Prosecutor 's rights and discretion in criminal resolution 2 The citizen 's participation in the criminal process.,... Barry Hancock,,,,,,. Different Systems, Common Goals. (?)

182 (PCO-Professional Conference Organizer)., ),,,,,, ,. 9) 7, 12, (V o l )

183 .,,, feedback. 2 1,..,,. 5. CI 10 ) CI. CI. CI,. 10) CI Corporate Identity.. 199

184 CI., CI CI. 1.. CI.. 2, 3.,,,, CI, ,. CI.,.,,,, (V o l )

185 CI, ).. Granting Program., ) 201

186 ....,,,., IT RF (radio- active frequency)...,....,,, (V o l )

187 , 1..,., Barry Hancock. The Position and Function of the Prosecutor in the Criminal Justice System Dato Steenhuis. 1., Steenhuis 1 203

188 . Steenhuis. Steenhuis...,...,,, (V o l )

189 , DMZ,.,,.., ( )...,.,.,,,,. 205

190 ) ,.. (Guest of Honor) Nicholas Cowdery IAP , 12) (V o l )

191 IAP Awards. (Special Achievement Award) , Eurojust. (The Position and Function of the Prosecutor in the Criminal Justice System). Eamonn Barnes ( ),,. 207

192 ,,,. Dato Steenhuis,,... 13),,,.,,,,. (Who investigates?).. 13) (V o l )

193 Tim Macintosh. Jean- Claude Marin 1..,,, 4. Administering criminal justice while upholding due process and fundamental rights - a regional perspective.. Henk Scholtz.,. 209

194 (Democracy and the Prosecution Process).. Fikrat Mammadov. Daniel Bellemare. (The Prosecutor and the Police). Christian Cuquoz.. Alasdair Fraser, (V o l )

195 . New Model for Prosecutor Luis Moreno Ocampo, Patrick Cooper. 1 Sentencing Exercise, Pre-trial Issues, Sentencing Guidelines and the Role of Prosecutors, Diversion. Pre-trial Issues (The Citizen's Participation in the Criminal Justice Process 7. Christopher Wray, Ingunn Fossgard. Ken Mcdonald, Britta Bjelle Andre Vandoren. Carla Verissimo de Carli. 211

196 ,,. (Appeals) Francois Falletti Darryl Saw. (Interactive Session) (General Meeting). (Seoul Declaration).. The IAP 9th Annual Conference : Whereas both domestic and transnational criminality have become more complex and sophisticated, including terrorist acts; 1. Proclaims the following principles : (1) Every country of the world has adopted a legal system that has its own national specificity; (2) Co- operation between legal systems is built on common features that could serve ad a basis for co- operation; (3) In order to anticipate and resolve issues that may hamper effective co- operation, IAP members must engage in early consultation; (V o l )

197 2. Decides, in order to implement these principles, to create an international working group to analyse different legal systems in order to : (1) Create an information booklet to facilitate knowledge of the measures which each member has in domestic law to assist in transnational criminal co- operation; (2) Consider training and communication strategies to implement better co- opreration. 3. Requests the Executive Committee, at the recommendation of the Korean Prosecution Service, to establish this working group. 4. Requests the working group to put initial progress on the IAP website at such time prior to 10th Annual Conference as will permit reasoned comment. 5. Requests the working group to report on progress made to the 10th IAP Annual Conference (Education and Training) Egbert Myjer 213

198 ,,.,,,, 80. Jan Henning,, Justice College.. Minoru Shikita,... (Understanding and Co-operation).. Annabelle Bolt,,. Mike Kennedy Eurojust Eurojust (V o l )

199 ,. Benin Bernadette Codjovi Ching Hsiang T sai. (The Efficient Use of Resources) Kampree Kaocharern Raija T oiviainen.,.,,

200 .. CIA 30 The World Factbook ,,,, GDP,,..., (V o l )

201 .,., Barry R. Chiswick.. / (Migration Policy/ Immigration Policy), (Foreign Worker/ Foreign Manpower), (Foreign High-skilled Worker), (Foreign Low-skilled or Unskilled Worker), (Labor Market Test), (Illegal Immigrant), (Work Permit System), (Foreign Trainee), (Employment Permit System)

202 , , % , , % , , % , , %. 1),,, ) ) 2) ( (2003.7) (V o l )

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