2001 6
2001 6 - i -
..,,,,,.,,, AM OS,,.,,.,,,,,,,....,,,,. 2001 6
... ii... iv... v... v... vi I.... 1 1.... 1 2.... 4 3.... 5 4....7 II....8 1....8 2.... 10 3....14 4....38 III....40 1....40 2....42 3.... 43 IV.... 45 1.... 45 - ii -
2.... 45 3.... 46 4.... 51 5.... 52 V.... 53 1....53 2....55 3.... 57 4.... 57 5....59 6.... 64 7.... 66 8....69 9.... 71 VI....76 1.... 76 2....87 VII....89 1....89 2....92...93...113...121 - iii -
1.... 54 2.... 56 3.... 57 4.... 58 5....59 6.... 62 7.... 65 8.... 66 9....70 - iv -
1.... 40 2.... 42 3.... 63 4....68 1.... 113 2....121 - v -
,.,, 3,,,, 6. 2001 3 5 2001 4 28 27 1 631. SP S S 10.0, AM OS 4.0.,.,,,,,. 63%.,.. :,,,,, - v i -
I. 1.,,. 20,,. (W H O) 88. (UNAIDS ) 2000 3,610. UNA IDS 70%,, (, 2000 12 2 ).. AIDS 1,350 HIV,. 20 30 65% (, 2001 3 ),. (, 1993;, 1994;, 1999;, 1999). HIV HIV - 1 -
. HIV HIV (,,,,,, 1993; Shon & Jin, 1998).. HIV,,. HIV (, 2000;, 1998).,,. (Beitz, 1998).,,,,, 1.9% 35.4% (, 1996;,,,,, 1994;, 1997;, 1998;, 1998;,, 1999;, 2000;, 2000).. (, 1998), (S ohn & Jin, 1999), (, 2000).,., - 2 -
,,,., (S oet, Dilorio, & Du dley, 1998)..., (Hing son, Berlin, & Heeren, 1990; Leigh, 1990; Leigh, T em ple, & T rocki, 1994)., (T em ple & Leigh, 1992; W ech sler, Dav enport, Dow dall, M oeyken s, & Castillo, 1994).., (Lollis, John son, & Antoni, 1997)..,.. - 3 -
2.,,,,.. 1). 2).. - 4 -
3. 1.,, 3,. 1) (P en der, 1996),. 2) (Cochran, 1990).,. 3), (P en der, 1996),. 2.,,,,, 6. - 5 -
1) 1 5. 2) (Becker, 1974). HIV. 3) (Ajzen & F ishbein, 1980).. 4) (Bandura, 1977).. 5) (Ajzen & F ishbein, 1980).. - 6 -
6) 1. 1, 1 5. 4..,,, 4,,,,,, 7 27. - 7 -
II.,,,. 1. (safe safer sex ; Dilorio, P arson s, Lehr, A dam e, & Carlone, 1992; Ran som, 1998), (un safe sex ; Naom i, 1993), (sexu al risk - t aking behav ior ; Lock & F ergu son, 1998; Ab el & Miller, 1997). (safe sex ) 1980. HIV, HIV, (DiIorio, 1992). AIDS Dilorio (1992),,,. Ran som (1998) HIV (safer sex b ehavior s ). (W ulfert, W an, & Backu s, 1996; W ulfert & W an, 1993). - 8 -
(un safe sex ) Naomi (1993) (18 ),,,.,, HIV, (Lock, F ergu son, & W ise, 1998). Ab el & Miller (1997). HIV (Basen - Eng quist, & P arcel, 1992; Baldw in & Baldw in, 1988). HIV (Ba sen - Eng quist & T ortolero, P arcel, 1997), AIDS (Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1991), (Millst ein & M oscicki, 1995).,,. HIV. - 9 -
2. 80% (Zim m erm an & Olsen, 1994), (Hing son, 1990). 75% 20%, 1/ 3 (Strunin, 1991). 131 199 1 330 86.4%, 34.2% (Car son, Davis, H altem an, & Stickle, 1993). 10% (Prince & Bernard, 1998), 18-25 210 34% (Civic, 2000). HIV.,. 169 159 328,, 53% 2.5%, 35%, 13% (, 1979). 10 220 25.5% (4% ) (47% ) (, 1989).. 600 (, 1994) 31.2% ( 47.4%, 12.3% ), - 10 -
18.5% ( 19.6%, 1.6% ), 3.3%.. 849 ( 3 4 ) 22.9% 9.8%. 2 4 15.8%, 7.9%, 21.1%, 9.7%. 43% 28%, 7% (Youn, 1996). 68 23.5%, 51.5% (, 1998)., 5.3%,. Youn (1996) (1998). Youn (1996). 5 8 1,763 54.5%, 18.4% (, 1998). 5 452 ( 197, 255 ) 197 100 (50.76% ), 250 25 (10% ) (, 1999). - 11 -
..,,. 1,453 (, 2000) (11.8% ) (3.7% ),,. 11.7% 27.9%, 60.4%. 22.1%,. 39.9% 47.5%, 9.5% 25.6%, 21.1% 23.3% (,,,, ; 1994). 217 41.3% (,, 1999). H 423 4 395 (, 1997) 279 21.2% 35.4%. 375 28.5% (107 ), 55.1%. 1.9%, 23% 29.9%, 11.2% (, 2000). (, 1998), (, 1997), (, 1996). - 12 -
(1998),,,,, 7 19-69 287 11.1%, 36.6% (105 ). 272 13.6% (Bar - w orkers ) 95 14 (14.7% ) (, 1997). 397, 25%, 46%., (Visser & Sm ith, 2000).. (, 2000). (Sh eeran & Abraham, 1994)..,... - 13 -
3.,,,,,,,. 1). (Baker, M orrison, Carter, & Verdon, 1996)., (H anna, 1997; Raj & P ollack, 1995; Bak er, 1996), (Raj, 1995; Crit elli & Suire, 1998), (W in good & DiClem ente, 1998), (St. Law ren ce, 1998). Raj & P ollack (1995) 3 Crit elli & Suire (1998) 1:1. W ing ood & DiClem ente (1998) 0-23, 24-48. St. Law rence (1998).,. - 14 -
(OR =1.7, 95% 1.3-2.1) (OR =1.6, 95% 1.3-2.1)(M acalu so, Dem an d, A rt z, & H ook III, 2000). 62%, 18% (Carlos, 1999). 64%, 32%. 26% 48% ( &, 1998). [t (235)=- 4.7, p <.000], (Org anist a, 1997). (Crit elli & Suire, 1998), (Prince & Bernard, 1998). 18-25 210 (Civic, 2000). Lock (1998).. 703 (Baker, 1996). - 15 -
(Choi, Robert s, Gom ez, & Grin stead, 1999). H arlem 557 [OR =4.96, 95% CI(4.13, 5.79), P < 0.001] (Laraque, M clean, Brow n - P eter side, A sht on, & Diam on d, 1997). (Libbu s, 1995). (Ka shim a, Gallois, & M ccam ish, 1993). (T hom son & Spanier, 1978; F isher, 1979; Herold & M cnam ee, 1982). 17-22,, ( =.73) ( =.43) (T homp son & Spanier, 1978). 230 (F isher, 1979) ( =.44, p <.01).. Davis & Bibace (1999) 14 16 (P er son al A ssessm ent of Intim acy in Relation ship ; PA IR ) 4.,,. Davis & Bibace (1999). (Hutchin son, 1998), - 16 -
. (Jorgen sen, King, & T orrey, 1980). (DiClem ente, 1991; Lew is, 1997), (Ny am athi, Lew is, Leake, F laskeru d, & Benn ett, 1995). 423 (St. Law ren ce, 1998)..,.... - 17 -
2 ) (,, 1992),.,,,, (, 1999;, 2000), (, 1999), (,, 1992), (T hom pson & Spanier, 1978; DiClem ent e, 1991). (1999) (26.79% ). (,, 1992)., ( =.42) ( =.23) (T homp son & Spanier, 1978). (DiClem ent e, 1991). 3 (M aticka - T yndale, 1991). (Lew is, M elt on, Su ccop, & Rosenthal, 2000), 759 (V aldiserri, 1989). - 18 -
.. (Basen - En gquist & P arcel, 1992). F isher, Misovich, & F isher (1990), 284.,., (W ulfert & W an, 1995; W ulfert, W an, & Backu s, 1996), (M aticka - T yn dale, 1991), (Basen - Eng quist, 1992)., (Baker, M orrison, Carter, & Verdon, 1996). ( =.28, p < 0.001) (Nguy en, 1996)..... - 19 -
3 ) (Cochran, 1990)..,,,,,,.,,,,. (, ),,,, (, 1985;, 1998;, 2000).,,,.,, (, 1998;, 1999;, 2000;, 2000), (, 1996)... HIV. HIV HIV HIV HIV (El- Bas sel, Cooper, Chen & S chillin g, 1998)., 290,, - 20 -
( 6,, ) (Latkin, M andell, Oziem kow ska, Vlah ov, & Celent ano, 1994). 423,, (St. Law rence, 1998). 231 (Lieberthal & Beckm ann, 1997). HIV,..,.. - 21 -
4 ), 90% (, 1998,, 1999), (, 1999). (Hin g son, 1990),, 35% (M eilm an, 1993), 17-24 1 5 (But cher, M annin g, & O ' Neal, 1991). 596 582 213 1,391 (, 1997). HIV (F rom m e, D ' amico, & Katz, 1999; O 'Leary, 1992; Raj & P ollack, 1995), (W ech sler, Dav enport, Dow dall, M oeyken s, & Castillo, 1994)., (O 'Leary, 1992; Piom bo & Piles, 1996). (Cooper & Orcutt, 2000; T emple & Leigh, 1992). (Desiderat o & Craw ford, 1995). (Raj & P ollack, 1995), (M cn air, Cart er, & W illiam s, 1998;, 1996; W ech sler, 1994). - 22 -
(M cnair, 1998), (Millstein & M oscicki, 1995). (25.9% ) (, 1996). (W ech sler, 1994).. (S enf & Price, 1994), (Lew is, 2000). (,, 1999).,,,,, 7 19-69 287 (, 1998).. (Leigh, 1994). Leigh & St all (1993).,,,.,, (Halpern - F elsher, Millstein, & Ellen, 1996; Leigh & St all, 1993; Cooper, Skinner, & George, 1990). - 23 -
.,... (Leigh & St all, 1993).,. Leigh (1994).,,,..... - 24 -
5 ) (Beck er, 1974), (Catania, 1990).,,. HIV (W atkin s & Akam at su, 1993; Det zer, 1995),. HIV (Laraqu e, 1997; Raj & P ollack, 1995; M cdonald, 1990), HIV (M cdon ald, 1990). AIDS AIDS (Pleck, S on en stein, & Ku, 1990; Christ, Raszka, & Dillon, 1998) (DiClem ent e, 1991; Prince & Bernard, 1998; Strunin, 1991)., AIDS (Pleck, 1990). HIV (Christ, 1998). 19-21 HIV (P endergra st, DuRant, & Gaillard, 1992)., 1,919 (83% ) (31% ) - 25 -
HIV (72% ) (Prince & Bernard, 1998). 16-19 AIDS (Strunin, 1991). AIDS (Catania, 1992; DiClem ent e, 1991), (M oore, Harrison, Kay, Deren, & Doll, 1995; Hin g son, 1990; M aticka - T yn dale, 1991; Goldm an & H arlow, 1993). HIV, 189,, (M oore, 1995). AIDS (Hin g son, 1990). (M aticka - T yn dale, 1991), HIV (Goldm an & H arlow, 1993). Gold, Karmiloff- Sm ith, Skinn er, & M orton (1992) HIV. (M aticka - T yn dale, 1991), HIV (S obo, 1995). (P ilkin gt on, Kem, & Indest, 1994; St. Law ren ce, 1998; Civic, 2000)., 100 81,, AIDS HIV (Pilkingt on, 1994). - 26 -
(St. Law rence, 1998), AIDS (Ny am athi, 1995).. 6,035 85% (,,, 1994). 83% HIV (, 1993)., HIV (, 1998).. (S ohn & Jin, 1999). (, ) (, 2000)., (, 2000).... - 27 -
6 ),, (Pros & Con s ; Grim ley, Riley, Bellis, & Prochaska, 1995) (W ulfert & W an, 1995)..,, (Libbu s, 1995). (Brafford & Beck, 1991), (M acdonald, 1990)., (Vin cenzi & T hiel, 1992). 126 Stew art (1991) 50%,,,,,. (, 2000), (, 1996)., - 28 -
(, 1998).,. (AT C, Attitu de T ow ard Condom ),,,, 45% (Brow n, 1984). S acco (1991) (CA S ; con dom attitude scale) (10, =.89), (6, =.82-.84), (4, =.75-.76). 13-26 198,, 3,.82, 44% (Hann a, 1999). H elw eg - Lar sen & Collin s (1994) UCLA 5,,,,. Un ger & M olin a (1999) 291 ( =.65), ( =.65), ( =.57), ( =.64), ( =.68). W ulfert & W an (1995) ( =.94), ( ), ( =.81), ( =.85) 4, 70.1%.. (O 'Donnell, S an Dov al, Duran, & O 'Donn ell, 1995), (Cat ania, 1992; Cole & Slocumb, 1995; Carson, 1993; P en dergrast, 1992; Raj & P ollack, 1995; Valdiserri, 1989; Detzer, 1995). - 29 -
(Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1992; P leck, S onen st ein, & Ku, 1990; Rich ardson, Beazley, Delan ey, Lan gile, 1997).,,, 3, ( =.23, p<.02) ( =.26, p <.01) (Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1992)., (Pleck, 1990). 13-19 (Rich ardson, 1997)., ( =.38, p.01) (Cole & Slocumb, 1995), (Cat ania, 1992). 330 1 (Car son, 1993). 19-21 (P en dergrast, 1992), ( =-.244, P <.05), 13.5% (Raj & P ollack, 1995). 759 (V aldiserri, 1989). 15-30 457 1), 2), 3), 4), 5) 5-30 -
(Det zer, 1995)., (S acco, 1991; O 'Leary, 1992). (St. Law rence, 1998), (S obo, 1995),,, (Kline, Klin e, & Oken, 1992). (Baker, 1996) (Helw eg - Lar sen & Collin s, 1994). (M atick a - T yndale, 1991),,, (Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1991)..,.. - 31 -
7 ), (Ban dura, 1977).,, (M ahon ey, T hom b s, & F ord, 1995; Brien, T h om b s, M ahoney, & W alln au, 1994) (Rosenth al, 1991; M ahon ey, 1995), (Basen - En gquist, 1994). HIV,,. Lev in son (1986).,,,,, (sex uality ),. (W ulfert & W an, 1993),.,,. Brafford & Beck (1991) 28 (Condom U se S elf- Efficacy S cale; CUSES ). - 32 -
., Brien (1994) 18-32 362 1), 2) ; 3), 4) 4. 3.,, 3 (Cecil & Pinkert on, 1998),,, (O 'Leary, 1992). 308 ( =.86), ( =.77), ( =.68) 3, =.86 (Hale & T rumb ett a, 1996). W ulfert & W an (1995) 1,,, 3 ( =.82) 7. Hanna (1999) 13-26 209 ( =.77), ( =.72), ( =.78) 3, =.85. M arin, T schann, Gom ez, & Greg orich (1998) 1,600. 18,,,,, - 33 -
5.,,,, 4, 4 (Murphy, Multhauf, & Kalichm an, 1995).,. (O 'Leary, 1992), (Basen - Eng quist & P arcel, 1992; Colon, W iatrek, & Ev an s, 2000; Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1992) (Basen - Eng quist & P arcel, 1992; Kasen, V aughan & W alt er, 1992; H ann a, 1999; Dilorio, Dudley, S oet, W atkin s, & M aibach, 2000; W ulfert & W an, 1993; Ran som, 1998; Cecil & Pinkert on, 1998; H ale & T rum betta, 1996)., 13 9 1,720 HIV (Basen - En gquist & P arcel, 1992) (Colon, 2000). 109 (Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1992)., 5% (Basen - Eng quist & P arcel, 1992). 181 10,,,, 5 (Kasen, - 34 -
1992). 13-26 209 ( ) (, ) (F =17.3, df=191, p =.000), (F =3.9, df=195, p =.048), (F =12.5, df=181, p =.001) (H anna, 1999).. 18-25 1,380, (Dilorio, 2000). 350,,,,.. (W ulfert & W an, 1993). 18-24 208 (Gert eisen, 1997). (r =.219), (r =.341), (r =.395), (r =.244), 35%. Cecil & Pinkert on (1998) ( =.18, P <.05), ( =.22, p <.001) 3 ( =.15, - 35 -
p<.05). ( =.26, p<.001) 3 ( =.17, P <.05) ( =.13, P <.05). 308,, (3 :,, ) 13% (R =.13), 3, (H ale & T rumb ett a, 1996). (F (1, 352)=17.54, p<.0001), (F (1, 406)=1.57, p =.21). (Organist a, 1997). O 'Leary (1992). (M arin, 1998)..,.,. - 36 -
8 ) (Ajen & F ishbein, 1980)..,,,. (Basen - Eng quist & P arcel, 1992; Basen - Eng quist, T ortolero, & P arcel, 1997; Kv alem, 2000), (Basen - Eng quist, 1992; Ry e, 1998), (W ulfert, W an, & Backu s, 1996). 9 1,720,, (Basen - En gquist & P arcel, 1992). 13-19 75% 55% (Rich ardson, 1997). (Basen - Eng quist, 1997), (Kv alem, 2000), (W ulfert, 1996)., 2, (Ry e, 1998).. - 37 -
4.,,.,,,, (Rosen stock, 1974). A IDS,,, (Basen - Eng quist, 1992; Hin g son, 1990). 122, (Lollis, 1997; Hiltabiddle, 1996). Ban dura (1986).,,,, (Levin son, 1986;, 1997;, 2000;, 1999). (Jem m ott & Jem m ott, 1992, H anna, 1999, H ale & T rum bett a, 1996; Dilorio, 2000).. - 38 -
,., (Ajzen & F ishbein, 1980).. Ajzen (1985). (Bak er, 1996) (Richardson, 1997; Ry e, 1998), (Richardson, 1997; Ry e, 1998)., (Baker, 1996)..,,,. - 39 -
III.. 1., < 1>.,.,. < 1> - 40 -
,.,,..,,. (Ajen & F ishbein, 1980),..,, (Cooper, 2000; Raj & P ollack, 1995; O 'Leary, 1992; P iomb o, 1996). (Pleck, 1990; DiClem ente, 1991)., (Pilkingt on, 1994). (Rich ardson, 1997; Cole, 1995). (M aticka - T yndale, 1991), (Laraque, 1997). (Basen - Eng quist, 1992; Dilorio, 2000). (W ulfert & W an, 1995), (Basen - En gquist, 1992; W ulfert, 1996). < 2>. - 41 -
2. - 42 -
3.. 1) (1 ) 1:. 2) (3 ) 2:. 3:. 4:. 3) (3 ) 5:. 6:. 7:. 4) (3 ) 8:. 9:. 10:. - 43 -
5) (5 ) 11:. 12:. 13:. 14:. 15:. 6) (7 ) 16:. 17:. 18:. 19:. 20:. 21:. 22:. - 44 -
IV. 1.. 2., 27.... 2.,... 1) 2) 1 3) 4) - 45 -
3. A. 1999 9 2 2 244 ( 134, 90, 30 ), 2000 6 11 7 21 5 (focu s ) 6 26. 2 1 3. 50..75.91. V arim ax,.30, (eigen v alu e) 1.0. 6.32.69, Cronbach ' s =.76, 4 2 2 2 1. 4 50% 1, 3 68.82%. - 46 -
5.31.71, Cronbach ' s =.76, 50% 2. 3.30, Cronbach ' s alpha =.62 50% 1, 2 74.90%. 19.30 3 50% 4, 3. 11.30 2 Cronbach ' s =.82. 3 50% 1.. AM OS 4.0, (Gerbin g & A nder son, 1988).. GF I, A GF I, RMR, NF I, NNF I, PNF I, / (df), RM SEA. 1, 1 3, 1 2. / (df)=1.91, GF I=0.95, A GF I=0.93, RMR =0.046, NF I=0.95, NNF I=0.96, PNF I=0.72, RM SEA =0.038. Cronbach ' s alpha. - 47 -
B. 1) 1 1 5,. 2),, 3 5 (5 ) (1 ). 3 15 Cronbach ' s alph a.77. 3), 2 5 (5 ) (1 ). 2 10, Cronbach ' s alph a.75. 4), 1,,,, 7.. - 48 -
5) /, 2 5 (5 ) (1 ), 2 10. Cronb ach ' s =.66,. 6). 6 5 (5 ) (1 ), 6 30... Cronbach ' s =. 85. 2 Cronbach ' s.85,.82. 7). ( ), 4 5 (5 ) (1 ), 4 20. Cronbach ' s =.70,. Cronbach ' s.76,.68. 8) W ulfert & W an (1995) 3 5, 7,. Cronbach ' s =.79. - 49 -
9) 1, 1 5. Cronbach ' s =.93,,. - 50 -
4. 2001 2 1 25 50,.,,. 15.. 1). 2). 3),. 4),. 2001 3 5 4 28, 4 7 27. 4000 2800 70%. 631. - 51 -
3 211 (33.4% ), 7 109 (17.3% ), 3 36 (5.7% ), 3 67 (10.6% ), 4 60 (9.5% ), 1 43 (6.8% ), 1 17 (2.7% ), 3 44 (7% ), 2 44 (7% ) 27 631. 5.. 1) SP S S 10.0 W in Program. 2) P ear son s Correlation. 3) Cronbach ' s alph a. 4) Varim ax Rotation SP S S 10.0 W in P rogram, (Confirm at ory F act or Analy sis ) P C AM OS 4.0 W in Program. 5) P C AM OS 4.0 W in Program. - 52 -
V. 1. < 1>. 631 32.5%, 67.5%. 17 30 21 24 43.5%, 25 30 24.3%, 20 21.5%. 1 15.2%, 2 25.8%, 3 25.0%, 4 33.9%. 24.9%, 12.4%, 14.3%, 48.5%. 63.5%, 28.4%, 4.9%. 12.5% 3 4 38.7% 1 2. 4.1%, 7.0%. 25.5%, 23.9%, 9.0%. 6.2%, 33.9% 40%. 33.8%, 65.6%. 10.3% 1, 16.2% 2, 39.1% 3. - 53 -
< 1> (n =631) (% ) (% ) : 315 (49.9) 26 (4.1), 111(17.6) ( ) 3-4 / 79 (12.5) 205 (32.5) 1-2 / 244 (38.7) 2-3 / 124 (19.7) 17-20 135 (21.5) 1 / 80(12.7) 21-24 325 (43.5) 5-6 / 30(4.8) 25-30 154 (24.3) 44 (7.0) 17 (2.7) 4 (.6) 1 96 (15.2) 218 (34.5) 2 163 (25.8) 151(23.9) 3 158 (25.0) 253 (40.1) 4 214 (33.9) 9 (1.4) 157 (24.9) 213 (33.8) 78 (12.4) 1 65 (10.3) 90(14.3) 2 102(16.2) 306 (48.5) 3 247 (39.1) 4 (.6) 401(63.5) / 179 (28.4) 31(4.9) 19 (3.0) 1(0.2) - 54 -
2. < 2>. 629 8.1%, 204 7.8%, 425 8.2%. 621 16.1%, 204 15.2%, 417 16.5%. 14 31, 15 31 30 1 14 23. 68.2% 18 21. 591 63.1%. 187 18.7% 404 13.4%. 611 66%, 18.7%, 8.7%, 6.4%. 94.3% 52.8%, 25.2%, 12.7%, 8.9%. 1 38.7%, 25%, 18.1%, 6.3%. 1 609 31%, 27.4%, 17.7%, 10%. 1 31.3%, 25.8%, 20.7%, 14.6%. 1 7.7%. - 55 -
< 2> (n =631) n (% ) n (% ) n (% ) 173 (84.8) 348(83.5) 521(83.9) (n =621) 31(15.2) 69(16.5) 100(16.1) n (% ) 204 (100) 417(100) 621(100) 188 (92.2) 390(91.8) 578 (91.9) (n =629) 16 ( 7.8) 35( 8.2) 51( 8.1) n (% ) 204 (100) 425(100) 629 (100) 18 12( 6.4) 65(16.0) 77 (13.1) (n =592) 18 23 (12.3) 63(15.6) 86 (14.5) 19 38 (20.3) 77(19.0) 115 (19.4) 20 58 (31.0) 85(21.0) 143 (24.2) 21 29 (15.5) 31( 7.7) 60(10.1) 22 15 ( 8.0) 32( 7.9) 47 ( 7.9) 22 12( 6.3) 52(12.8) 64 (10.8) n (% ) 187 (100) 405(100) 592(100) 93 (49.7) 280(69.3) 373 (63.1) (n =591) 35 (18.7) 54(13.4) 89 (15.1) 47 (25.1) 55(13.6) 102(17.3) 6 ( 3.2) 6( 1.5) 12( 2.0) 0( 0 ) 4( 1.0) 4 ( 0.7) + 6 ( 3.2) 5( 1.2) 11( 1.9) n (% ) 187 (100) 404(100) 591(100) 1 59 (29.5) 102(24.1) 161(25.8) (n =624) 51(25.5) 144(34.0) 195 (31.3) 36 (18.0) 93(21.9) 129 (20.7) 35 (17.5) 56(13.2) 91(14.6) 19 ( 9.5) 29( 6.8) 48 ( 7.7) n (% ) 200(100) 424(100) 624 (100) * - 56 -
3.,,,,,,,, < 3>. < 3> (n =631) SD r18 2.47 1.23 1-5.51 -.72 k19 2.48 1.27 1-5.56 -.74 j32 2.82 1.30 1-5.16-1.12 j33 4.22 1.98 1-7 -.10-1.12 a10 3.10 1.11 1-5.06 -.59 a11 3.04 1.15 1-5 -.09 -.80 a13 3.25 1.03 1-5 -.25 -.20 a4 2.78 1.11 1-5.37 -.60 a6 2.93 1.18 1-5.24 -.85 j31 2.36 1.15 1-5.71 -.29 h1 3.06 1.50 1-12 1.00 2.17 b2 3.13 1.17 1-5 -.08 -.80 b3 3.53 1.05 1-5 -.66.08 d9 3.68 1.09 1-5 -.53 -.52 d10 3.16 1.14 1-5 -.02 -.76 d6 3.22 1.21 1-5 -.11 -.91 d7 2.78 1.24 1-5.35 -.88 d3 3.85 1.03 1-5 -.82.20 f1 2.96 1.04 1-5.20 -.62 f2 2.59 1.04 1-5.47 -.36 f4 2.99 1.04 1-5.10 -.63 f5 2.85 1.04 1-5.21 -.59 f16 3.99 0.87 1-5 -.64.15 f17 4.03 0.85 1-5 -.73.62 4. A M OS, < 4>. - 57 -
- 58 -
5. AM OS 4.0, M axim um Likelihood (ML ). < 5>,,,., / df, GF I(Goodn ess of F it In dex ), RMR (Root M ean S qu are Residual), RM SEA ( Root M ean S quare Error of Approx im ation ), NF I(N orm ed F it In dex ), NNF I(N on - n orm ed F it In dex ), A GF I(A dju sted Goodnes s - of- F it index ), PNF I(P ar sim oniou s Norm ed fit in dex ), CF I(Com parativ e F it In dex ).. < 5> (n =631) (df) GF I RMR RM SEA A GF I NF I NNF I PNF I CF I (p - v alu e) / df 557(226) 2.47 0.931 0.063 0.048 0.908 0.920 0.940 0.754 0.951 0.00 (H 0 ) Cov arian ce M atrix F itt ed Cov arian ce M atrix (Joreskog & S orbom, 1993). 0.05,. 200 (, 1996),. ( / df) 1.0-2.0-59 -
, 2.0-3.0 (, 1996). 2.467. GF I (, 1996). 0 1,. 0.9 200. 631 GF I 0.931. (RMR ). (RM SEA ). RM SEA RMR.05 RMR 0.063, RM SEA.048. A GF I GF I 0.9, A GF I 0.908. NNF I Bentler & Bonn ett (1980) 0 1 0.9 (, 1999), 0.940. NF I NNF I 1. 0.920.. PNF I Jam es (1982) (par sim oniou s index ) NF I, 0.6 (,, 2000). PNF I 0.75. - 60 -
CF I 1 0.951.. 2.58 (J reskog & S rbom, 1993). 2.58. < 3> < 6>. ( =0.11, CR = 3.79), ( =0.37, CR = 3.62), ( =- 0.08, CR = - 2.12), ( =0.63, CR = 3.90). ( =0.68, CR = 4.20), ( =- 0.14, - 3.26), ( =0.28, CR =2.18), ( =0.33, CR =2.50), ( =0.48, CR =3.52), ( =0.132. CR =90). ( =0.36, CR =3.50), ( =0.48, CR =4.52), ( =- 0.12, CR =- 2.94). GF I, A GF I, NF I, NNF I, CF I.90(Bentler & Bon ett, 1980), P NF I 0.75 0.6. 2.58,.. - 61 -
< 6>, C.R.(=t ), SM C ( n = 6 3 1 ) ( ) S.E. C.R. SM C 0.11 0.03 3.79*.65 0.37 0.15 3.62* 0.21 0.14 1.88-0.39 0.51-1.91-0.08 0.06-2.12* 0.63 0.15 3.90* 0.07 0.15 0.82 0.02 0.07 0.47.76-0.05 0.18-0.40 0.16 0.18 1.17 0.68 0.42 4.20* 0.14 0.16 1.66 0.33 0.08 2.50*.61 0.48 0.07 3.52* 0.13 0.01 2.90* 0.36 0.09 3.50*.66 0.48 0.08 4.52* - 0.12 0.02-2.94* - 0.14 0.07-3.26*.02 0.09 0.03 1.76.08 0.28 0.10 2.18* - 0.00 0.10-0.03 * P <0.05 C.R.: Critical Ratio(Estimate/ S.E.) - 62 -
3-63 -
6. 1 )..,, (J reskog & S rbom, 1993).., 3 (, 1990). (M odification In dex ), C.R.(t ).,. (C.R. or t )..,,.. - 64 -
2 ) < 7>. / df 2. GF I, A GF I, CF I 0.943, 0.925, 0.967.90, RM SEA 0.040 0.05. RMR 0.057 0.05, PNF I 0.781 0.60(, 1999).. ( 7 ). CF I RM SEA. CF I 0.01, RM SEA 0.002 (Bentler & Bon ett, 1980). CF I.01 0.016, RM SEA 0.002 0.008. < 7> (df) GF I (p - v alu e) / df A GF I RMR RM SEA NF I NNF I PNF I CF I 557(226) 0.00 2.466 0.931 0.908 0.063 0.048 0.920 0.940 0.754 0.951 424(211) 0.00 2.011 0.943 0.925 0.057 0.040 0.936 0.960 0.781 0.967 * 0.008 0.016 ) * - 65 -
7. < 4> < 8>.. < 8> (n =631) ( ) S.E. C.R. SM C.63 0.27 0.06 4.48** 0.57 0.26 6.49**.76 0.58 0.28 5.12** 0.38 0.27 3.85**.51 0.25 0.07 2.17* 0.49 0.06 4.06** 0.13 0.02 2.91** ( ) 0.14 0.05 2.89**.84 0.44 0.06 4.20** 0.53 0.05 4.89** ( ) - 0.15 0.03-3.76** ( ) ( ) 0.23 0.04 4.45**.02-0.13 0.07-2.97**.07 0.26 0.05 4.21** 1) SE 2) C.R. = / SE 3) * P <.05, **P <.01 4) ( ) - 66 -
. ( =- 0.13, C.R.=- 2.97**). ( =0.26, C.R.= 4.21**). ( =0.25, C.R.=2.17*), ( =0.49, C.R.=4.06**), ( = 0.13, C.R.=2.91**). ( =0.14, C.R.=2.89**).. ( =0.44, C.R.=4.20**), ( =0.53 C.R.=4.89**).. ( =- 0.15 C.R.=- 3.76**). ( =0.23, C.R.=4.45**). ( =0.58, C.R.=5.12**), ( =0.38, C.R.=3.85**). ( =0.57, C.R.=6.49**), ( =0.27, C.R.=4.48**). 63%. - 67 -
- 68 - < 4>
8., < 9>,. ( =- 0.13), ( =0.26). ( =0.49), ( =0.25), ( = 0.13). ( =0.14). ( =0.53) ( =0.44), ( =- 0.15). ( = 0.23). ( =0.48), ( =0.31), ( =0.58) ( =0.38). ( =0.44), ( =0.33), ( =0.16), ( =0.10). ( =0.27) ( =0.57)..... - 69 -
< 9> ( ) (n =631) (t ) 0.13* 0.13* 0.49* 0.49* 0.25* 0.25* ( ) 0.14* 0.14* * P <.05 0.53* 0.53* 0.44* 0.44* ( ) 0.23* 0.23* ( ) - 0.15* - 0.15* - 0.13* - 0.13* 0.26* 0.26* 0.48* 0.48* 0.31* 0.31* 0.58* 0.58* 0.38* 0.38* 0.44* 0.44* 0.33* 0.33* 0.16* 0.16* 0.57* 0.10* 0.67* 0.27* 0.27* - 70 -
9.. 1 ) 1:. ( =- 0.13, C.R.=- 2.97). 2 ) 2:. ( =0.26, C.R.=4.21). 3:.. 4:.. - 71 -
3 ) 5:.. 6:. ( =0.44, C.R.=4.20). 7:. ( =0.53 C.R.=4.89). 4 ) 8:. ( =0.25, C.R.=2.17). 9:. ( =0.49, C.R.=4.06). 10:. ( =0.13, C.R.=2.91). - 72 -
5 ) 11:. ( =0.31). 12:. ( =0.48). 13:. ( =0.58, C.R.=5.12). 14:.. 15:. ( =0.38, C.R.=3.85). 6 ) 16:.. 17:. ( =0.33) - 73 -
. 18:. ( =0.44). 19:. ( =0.16). 20:.. 21:. ( =0.57, C.R.=6.49). 22:. ( =0.27, C.R.=4.48). 1:. ( =0.14, C.R.=2.89). 2:. ( =0.23, C.R.=4.45) - 74 -
. 3:. ( =- 0.15 C.R.=- 3.76). 22 19 6. 3 22. - 75 -
V I.. 1.,.,,,,,,,,,,.., (, 1990).... (df)=424 (211), p =0.000, / df=2.011, GF I =0.943, A GF I =0.925, RMR =0.057, NF I=0.936, NNF I =0.960, RM SEA =0.040, PNF I=0.781, CF I=0.967. - 76 -
63%... 1) (Basen - Eng quist & P arcel, 1992; Ba sen - Eng quist, T ort olero, & P arcel, 1997; Kv alem, 2000; Boy er, 2000), (Basen - Eng quist, 1992; Ry e, 1998), (W ulfert, 1996). (Ajzen & F ishbein, 1980). (P en der, 1996) (Cat ania, 1990), (Grim ley, P rocha ska, V elicer, & Proch aska, 1995). (Ry e, 1998). - 77 -
2 ). (Basen - En gquist & P arcel, 1992; Colon, 2000; Jemm ott & Jem m ott, 1992) (Dilorio, 2000; W ulfert & W an, 1993; Brafford & Beck, 1991; Brien, 1994; M ahoney, 1995; O 'Leary, 1992; S acco, 1991) Bandura. (, 199) (, 1998) (, 1995), (, 1997) (, 1994),.,, (Brien, 1994; Cecil & Pinkert on, 1998; H anna, 1999; H ale & T rumb ett a, 1996)..., (W ulfert & W an, 1995). - 78 -
.,..,. 3 ). (M aticka - T yn dale, 1991; S ohn, 1999;, 2000; Cat ania, 1992; DiClem ent e, 1991; M cku sick, Coat es, M orin, P ollack, & Hoff, 1990). (Baldw in & Baldw in, 1988; Goldm an & Harlow, 1993)... (2000). HIV - 79 -
(H erold & M ew hinn ey, 1993; M aticka - T yn dale, 1991). W ein stein (1980)... (, 1998)., (, 2000)... HIV.. - 80 -
4 ). (Ajen & F ishbein, 1980; Ajzen, 1985),. (Baker, 1996), (Richardson, 1997), (Ry e, 1998), (Basen - Eng quist, 1992). (H anna, 1999; W ulfert & W an, 1995; Helw eg - Lar sen & Collin s, 1994; S acco, 1991).. W ulfert & W an (1995).,... - 81 -
5 ).,.,,,.. (Desiderat o & Craw ford, 1995; Cooper & Orcutt, 2000)... AIDS (F rom m e, 1999; O 'Leary, 1992; Raj & P ollack, 1995).,. 3.., - 82 -
(Piom bo & Piles, 1996; O 'Leary, 1992).. (S enf & P rice, 1994; Lew is, M elt on, Succop, & Rosenth al, 2000; Leigh & St all, 1993;,, 1999;, 1998;, 2000). Leigh & St all(1993)......,.,. - 83 -
6 ). (Klin e, 1992), (F ullilov e, 1990). Kashim a (1993)..,,. Kashim a (1993)...,. - 84 -
7 )...., (St. Law rence, 1998).. (Det zer, 1995).,... - 85 -
8 ),. (DiClem ent e, 1991; M aticka - T yndale, 1991; Lew is, 2000; V aldiserri, 1989). W ulfert & W an (1995) W ulfert (1996). M aticka - T yn dale (1991). (, 2000). (1999). (W ulfert & W an, 1995).. (St. Law rence, 1998; M aticka - T yn dale, 1991). - 86 -
,.,,.,. 2.,,. 1),,..,. - 87 -
2)..,.,,,,,.. 3.,.,. - 88 -
V II. 1., HIV..,.,,,. 2001 3 5 2001 4 28, 631.,, 3,,,, 6.,,, 3.,,,,,. - 89 -
. 63%..,,.,...,,,.,,.. 63.1%, 16.1%, 8.1%, 1 25.8%. - 90 -
,. 18 14.5%, 33.8%,,,,...,..,,.,. - 91 -
2......,.,,,.,,,,.. - 92 -
V. (1999).. (1996)... (1989).., 32(2), 120-125.,,,, (1994).., 24 (2), 278-302. (1997). A IDS.. (2001). A M OS. SP S S. (2000)... (1997). - -. (1998)... (1979).,,. (1998)... (1993).,.. (2000)... - 93 -
,, (1994).,., 15, 103-112. (1996).,.., (1998).. ( ), 11(1), 51-74., (1999).., 12, 59-64.,,,,,,, (1998). 10,., 28(3), 573-582. (1997)., A IDS.. (1985)... (1995)..., (1996).., 35 (1), 94-103. (2000).,..,, (1995). AIDS.. (1999)... (1997). AIDS AIDS..,,,,, (1990).,., 16 (2), - 94 -
31-37. (1999)... (2000)... (1988). HIV.. (1990).,., 16 (2), 31-37. (1990)..,. (1990). AIDS.,. (1999)... (1994).,,. (1997)... (1998)... (1998)..,,,, (1994)... (1996).., 33 (5), 46-62.,,,,, (1998).. /., (1992). - - 8 127-170. - 95 -
(1998). AIDS, -, -. (2000)...,,,,, (1993).. Journ al of Korean A cadem y F am ily M edicine, 14 (10), 670-679. (1996). LISREL... (2000 12 2 ).. (1998)... (1999)... (1999). - < >.. (1998). HIV.. (1996)...,,,, (1996).. Journ al of Korean A cadem y F am ily M edicine, 17 (8), 633-641. (1999). HIV. (2000)..., (2000). AM OS. SP S S. (1992)..,. - 96 -
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